what secrets lie behind. discover new adventures in 360 degree. and explore fascinating world heritage sites. w world heritage 360 get the maps now. welcome to the health show on t w here's your host dr costume liquids out hello and welcome to a good shake. never guess where i am in the cold. why many people wouldn't know how it works so if you're maybe wondering how i got here. it's a model and its stance in berlin in the backstabber center for molecule or bad is

said and in today's show you will learn everything you will need for healthy digestion i'm going back into the colon and i'm a little bit afraid that it will be boring so i invited some competent support. this time out in good shape we meet dr on gillick appearance strong enter our just heads the internal medicine department at the elizabeth cream ache in berlin she'll tell us all we need to know about healthy intestine this is just a model but is really about constantly in motion. and this is called peristalsis. up to 30 tons of food pass through the colon in a person's lifetime this is as much as a truckload. which of this enters the body and what is extreme it again is determined by the color it is many millions of nerve

cells. our so-called thumb in the brain not only organizes our destiny it also has a big influence on our psyche. if our colon were smooth on the inside its surface would only be one square meter big the approximately $10000000.00 things i vill i increase the surface area. our digestion is partly done by the intestinal flora which is composed of billions of fungal and intestinal bacteria together they wake up to 2 kilograms the intestinal bacteria are also there to build up the defensibility of new immune cells that the intestines produce every day over 70 percent of the immune systems defense cells are located in the intestine and that's a great thing. because many toxins and pathogens enter the body through food and we need to get rid of the. i meeting doctor and killing of beer here

in the bowl this is a very special place to meet not for you because your guests ontologies so this is your daily life isn't it here it's quite if you sit here right so what can you see here if you're doing your grandma skippy you can see all those things we can see you have the models so we'll get our 1st thing right next to me over here there's the penguins color and trust i'm a costar that's good plots a commission that's quite hopefully comes out ok so this is novel which obviously this is not now that's not that's not left worse because it's just going on and that's a pretty true issue from just my cousin a through a mother week after the hour and it's just been he and most of the patients who have to particular they don't have never sometimes ok so this guy we don't have to

worry about this so it's about what about this year it seems a little bit they are both rather scary as there is a strong inflammation close to the divot you can love. inside that if that's caused a. round of bacteria infect you have to treat it live and to be attics ok so this is infections so what we can see here this is a lot of the fiction this is something coming off the wall here that's a live. perforation of the macos are if they are small and usually they have been a clue. the bigger they are the risk is increasing gap the cancer even it is still behind it can grow to a cancer yeah ok so what about this year this is apollo yeah. many many many poli close together. they have

a disease called police posers there's always a genetic background. suffering from hundreds to thousands whole lives whole that's quite right so those polyps come in different shapes and colors so this is more looking like what is it a mushroom or are we here in the still of one of. the stockpiled here you know why they can't grow flat on cows are like a plaster. rely. because you can cut it out there is a chance to cut it with her really those are you're just going to last couple years just kind of here and all those things which worry you about them so this is what we're piecing here from here it's already cut by you ok so if you don't cut it you're very brave to grow into it for cancer local like this here here and that's a cousin that's a co-director of carcinoma. well it's quite often on germany's say

6 per cent off people they became a common cancer in germany during the lifetime you could really tell the difference that of course no one looks differently to all those nice normal cold of the cosell and you won't have any symptoms like legends if you're from nice macos or if you called treats are nice and you have to cheat you're called a nice as well. no matter how we eat whether we relish each mouthful. well wolf things down greedily. whether we're concerned about the taste of our food i'm focused on what we're eating. or just shoveling it in without a 2nd thought if. our intestine fast to process it all high time to consider what might make it happen here so 1st of all

we should perhaps avoid what i got really doesn't like being fed practically nonstop for example we may breakfast then have a piece of fruit an hour later followed by a cross on in the late morning. and then some candy in between times if we do that the gut never gets it's much needed breaks. so the number one tip for a healthy intestine is a balanced daily routine if you eat breakfast at 8 am then it's best to wait until around 1 pm to have lunch than the gut likes to have an afternoon nap before dinner at 6 pm as well as meals at regular intervals the gut also appreciates routine in terms of getting regular exercise periods of relaxation unsufficient fling our gut loves dependability and doesn't like surprises. tip number 2

are intestine likes to be warm it likes to be woken gently in the morning for example with a glass of warm water. or any milder alternative to coffee which is a stern taskmaster and really cracks the whip. if you want to give your gut a break just very simple hot meals for a day plain rice for example is easily died. i'm relieved the gut. equally you can choose to eat boiled potatoes. porridge. or steamed vegetables. to number 3 a little tender loving care. if your guts gives you grief be patient maybe your body can no longer digest certain types of food that for years were no

problem experiment leave out any food you think might be causing the problem just for a while then try it again and see if your hunch was correct. so be kind to your gut you are a team. so we heard a lot of what you can do good for your colon so is there anything interesting doesn't like yefim you charge for. it needs to. be. exercised less than 3 hours per week. something that they're. also. smoke. or eat. a lot of my patients complain about stomach grumbling bloating and fletcher so to what degree. while they have some here is some time now

probably. if this were. sheer quite often how do you use the quality of life of the patients there are some to. the patient should contact their their doctors many of my patients say that they're intolerant against nuts in certain kind of food so is this a problem for them and how to diagnose and that's not a problem if you. don't hurry for eggs. marts you can live without eating that's. just stupid of the real right so what kinds of symptoms are there when i should definitely see a doctor but you have to go to the uk to know if you have signs of cleaving if you have been on this in the studio you have to get to the doctor immediately you can sign that just have to have to look after it even if you know that you've got him yeah definitely yeah because they can mean the reason for. saying you should go to

the doctor if you have my pain. change in your difficult patient habits for example i used to have constipation now your theory are you should contact your doctor because there could be some truth behind this like a calling you on the telly rest in many cases is just irritable bowel syndrome which is behind those kind of complaints but this can take the joy away of life. pain and cramping bloating gas and constipation words opposite diarrhea the symptoms of your a terrible bowel syndrome or i.b.s. often start out slowly and increase in frequency and since other diseases can cause similar symptoms diagnosis can be difficult many people with i.b.s. have undergone numerous medical examinations including blood tests stomach endoscopy and common are skippy and ultrasound exams to rule out other conditions

when no other cars can be found i.b.s. is the likely diagnosis but even then the search for a causes and treatment is usually just beginning happy month for me i'll have someone in my office who has symptoms and is looking for help if the diagnosis ends up being i.b.s. then we can begin looking for a treatment but it can involve quite a bit of detective work. we try to figure out what is causing issues perhaps look for food that aren't being well tolerated. food intolerances often play a role in triggering symptoms figuring that out requires keeping a food diary patients need to write down exactly what they eat how much and when and what food additives were involved and they should also record what sometimes occur afterwards. is also with us and it often patients can tolerate a small amount of specific foods but then be unable to tolerate larger amounts of

it and that's when it can be useful to consult a nutritionist someone with experience if you can help you navigate the process and help you figure out how to have as varied a diet as possible. if you cannot stand drastically and perhaps unnecessarily limiting your diet isn't a good option since that can lead to nutritional deficiencies one solution is a lemonade in a specific category of food to see if that helps stress and emotional factors can also play a role. of course when someone with i.b.s. is experiencing stress or pressure or even when they're suffering from an infection or other kind of physical stress they're much more likely to experience symptoms any physical or mental strain can play a role. to help counteract that i.b.s. patients are advised to get enough rest plenty of exercise and fresh air.

i walked in the fresh air the only thing you can do when you suffer from my b.s. . in the air are perfect because exercising the fresh air in the. shining that's quite. there martyr for strategies you can follow you can change your me have a plan you can think about. sleeping yet you know and you can't think about things which are good for you so the symptoms are quite individual but is there some general advice you would like to give to patients with obvious. patients there. that we are living in a digital going to digest extract is not a machine and it's not perfectly every day. i think you cannot have text have some discomfort. if the discomfort has to be

off and then you should contact the doctor or if the quality of life is we do this by the symptoms so try to relax or bar were next to definitely there so let's talk about colon cancer which is kind of a common disease which mainly affects older patients but sometimes even younger patients as well so why is that. how they're sound how cancer is caused by that exchanges their families with for example. the high incidence of co-director of cancer so keep an eye on your family. i read there are colon cancer or breast cancer a very rare cancer is curing and if it's like that you should contact your doctor and ask for their clinical must be accommodations now we talk with professor in about colon cancer in her research at berlin's marks the center for molecular

medicine she discovered a gene that increases the likelihood of a trooper in the colon metastasize are. we talking about colon cancer like like this year that looks like this year the model and you discovered gene a very specific gene which is world breaking news what about how you. basically you have to understand the importance of this discovery we have to know what metastases on the tests is is basically the most least let's review it of cancer so they are decisive for patient survival they are the size of for the success of therapy so if we could fight metastasis all even. even if you could poke nasty kate and a test says this would be a big step right and the genius actually doing so and then 10 years ago we had the business idea we might we might identify the nova gene and this nova gene

should have ideally the ability to act as a cancer gene which can put nasty kate the test this is left of votes and which maybe by itself might lead police and a target for target so meaning that if a patient has a tumor and in this to reduce this special kind of gene there's a high prevalence of metastasis absolutely we have now follow ups of 17 years and our partners to cation percentage just so the probability that a patient is high makes of it that later on in the tests is about 80 to 89 percent which is quite high and this gene is right here in this tumor sort of in a smaller than the genus basically is expressed at the 2 more rim ok meaning in these areas you will find those which are very more tired which can my weight which

can invade the 4 into shills and they're the next year's cage but if i examined the tumor i'm not too sure if i'd take some example from inside the tumor he said in the middle so there are not so many genes so what is a diagnostic test i can use as a clinician in addition to the tumor based s.a.v. also developed a blood based essay. and this black essay you clearly see that i have a significantly longer also viable if you have low amounts of makes you know a lot perfect so it's more like a symbol or not so simple blood test and you can tell you a lot but what about therapies so obvious some fear purity could pro-choice is targeting this kind of gene. molecule it's walks with cooks in the inhibitors and lucky if these thoughts already approved by the f.d.a. for other purposes we purposing already have

approved drugs and so easy and clinical trials so we know that those drugs are effective in other kinds of diseases they're kind of safe too if you don't understand the all the injustice known so there is so there will be drugs in the near future we don't have to wait for them say for 20 years no no no if you have the position the pope has struck then the pipeline is much much faster so that is very good news thanks so much for this very interesting talk cancer is treatable in many cases but we should still keep in mind that early diagnosis is very important . in good physical shape. for a while though things were a bit scary the 60 year old had never bothered to be screened for bowel cancer and when he finally got around to it the results were worrying. and. i kept putting

it off but we caught it just in time. i guess i have a guardian angel. only made an appointment for a colonoscopy because his doctor kept insisting. he was feeling fine and he thought the common diagnostic procedure wouldn't reveal anything. new to slick cause i was shocked right after the examination when the doctor told me there was a 5 centimeter hole up in my colon. and that he had removed 3 smaller ones straight away. flowing like a clone would he couldn't deal with a big one immediately because of the risk of bleeding stone plus no blood to move. polyps can grow on the inner lining of the colon there are various types many are harmless but some kind of eventually turned cancerous. the polyp then begins to

grow deeper into the wall of the colon and beyond once the cancer breaks out of the intestine it can spread easily via the lymph system throughout the body. in a worst case scenario it's already metastasized when it's diagnosed and is no longer curable of course that pains us as doctors you think if only the patient had been screened sooner. or had to have the large polyp removed as an inpatient in the hospital. christiane pox is a gastroenterologist and oncologist he decided on the exact approach to take. 15 and it was pretty intense. it's or he wasn't sure at 1st whether he would have to remove a section of the colon as well. so i was very nervous. ultimately

dr pocs was able to completely excise the offending polyps without removing a stretch of colon he accessed the spot using colonoscopy. it was still precancerous of what's called stage 0 after 2 or 3 more years it would very probably have turned cancerous. like it's a. screening can prevent many cases of paul cancer the trouble is that even where the service is easily accessible like in germany many people just don't go. to determine cases of colon cancer and identify precancerous growths a colonoscopy is really the key diagnostic tool. for the patient the unpleasant part is the preparation laxatives and leaders of fluid ensure the colon is empty and clean. the colonoscopy itself generally only takes about 20

minutes patients receive a sedative so they don't feel a thing a flexible tube is inserted into the patient's rectum and guided through the call on a high resolution video camera at its tips and images to an external monitor. this is the quality of the images is so good that we can see anything problematic even if it's just a few millimeters and size. studies show that the age of diagnosis tends to be lower for men and women in germany gastroenterologists a man should start getting screened at the age of 50 in some countries the recommendation is 50 for both sexes. the point is the earlier we find polyps the better. but screening only works if people actually do it i'm going to vote for him . due to his medical history over hoggers will have to have regular checkups from

now on he's living proof that prevention is better than cure. so that's a colonoscope you heard it isn't anything to be afraid of but no you don't have to be scared no day sweeper from appearance so that the patients can sleep during the whole examination and they would not even remember ok but it's still a little bit embarrassing isn't it because before you go to sleep it's a sensation you have to pull your trousers off yeah i understand that come play with that we can have. her. special trousers have a skin. patient can choose the gender of the doctors that's easier for the patient to have asked me this very comfortable especially here in germany because we've got a wide range of gastroenterologist working here but in different countries there

are a lot so many gastroenterologist so who should definitely go for a cold. and if colorectal cancer cure your family should go to a screaming come escapade. if you have a bleeding rectal bleeding if your pains in the ballet change a few occasions it's things so much of this very interesting talk and i can totally understand if you want to have a kind of last complete now and if you want to make an appointment go to your computer and look for gastroenterologist and if your computer for us maybe you. need good shape your weekly health show on g.w. covers many aspects of health care we look at what's new in medical treatment nutrition fitness and beauty we discuss these topics in depth with specialists and offer you. opportunities to close your own question so get in touch.

i know we didn't have the time to answer all questions about the cola but the good news is there's still many of us it's in good shape coming up next the result the next week see you then.

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