cameron eons of voting in elections that were postponed twice the polls being held against a backdrop of stafford's violence and an opposition boycott. you're watching daytime news from burnin up next down documentary series and doc film we look at the economic change in the gulf as the region. and. language courses. video. anytime anywhere. w. . know

where the region of the world produces crude oil as cheaply as the gulf states. it's a well thought problem from the ground for a long time to come. but demand could drop earlier than supply as a former saudi oil minister warned in 2002 the stone age didn't end because the world ran out of stones. the gulf states have started to react they're investing in sustainable construction and to. boosting the tourism industry. promoting education for young people. and they're finally starting to use their own. london solar energy.

and. saudi arabia owes its wealth to oil but that doesn't mean everyone in the country is rich the biggest country in the gulf lacks jobs and education. religious doctrine still governs much of everyday life. during prayer as business comes to a standstill. her or her but the royal house is making changes saudi vision 2030 is a plan to keep living standards stable even if oil prices sink or demand falls but saudi arabia's own energy consumption is extremely high. and instead of using the

sun they fight against it in saudi arabia in the summer months 70 percent of their electricity is spent for cooling. and the young generation will need even more energy more than half of the population is under $25.00. youth unemployment is high. there's a lack of private employers and training especially for women. in some $33000000.00 people live in the kingdom of saudi arabia $20000000.00 a saudi citizen the national revenue is around $190000000000.00 u.s. dollars 87 percent of that comes from oil.

this international team is researching the future of sol renner gee they're developing solar energy collectors in every imaginable a full room tiny power plants. and heads the team she's turkish holds a ph d. from germany and is a researcher here in saudi arabia. the team's truly sensational invention doesn't look like much at 1st glance. i have shown you are actually a break to a technology that can make any window into our solar panel so what we're seeing here is we're able to generate electricity from windows with some special coatings on top off but it's still visible to your eyes like any other window. so our technology actually offer is a great platform where you can make any building

a power generation yourself. the solar window is one of many painted technologies from couched the king abdullah university of science and technology it was founded by a former saudi king as a private university independent from the ministry of education the campus has its own rules and women aren't required to wear the abaya it's perhaps a taste of what some young saudis would like to see for the future of their country . the solar power research center has adapted its architecture to the extremely hot climate there is shaded skylights and a pedestrian area to provide natural ventilation and cooling the design since the message that the future is about to change. thank you professor in mcculloch is the center's director. he worked at the renowned imperial college london until 2014 a few of you. students joined him when he moved here the count's team says the

facilities here a unique part of the university is largely financed by a foundation which gives the researchers more financial security. and freedom for female research is women are welcomed as colleagues here. industries like passion. i love canvassers let's because 1st time when i was 16 years old when i 1st studies studies about chemistry only that i just liked it so much and i fell in love with it so in that time i decided to discover more and more about chemistry and go deep in it. with trying to create materials that absorb the light from the sun or from indoors

in primarily from the sun and then we can use that to start a chemical reaction and then the chemical reaction we create hydrogen in this case from water just cold water spotting so creating hydrogen a legit korea storable energy source so this could be a potential replacement for a bottle of oil could be a big sold out of. oil to hydrogen would be a radical switch perhaps the next generation will make it a reality. the hope of course is that they will be able to play a prominent role in some of the larger more influential sooty companies of the future so i think that we are educated to some extent the elite of the save the. student population the coast is a model that hopefully in the future is going to be replicated through. so you if

you're. couched also has daycare facilities which helps contribute to the research environment in a country that is seeking to lessen its dependence on oil. a mother who works full time is still an exception in saudi arabia. the crew admin a harmony on me and i both have our daily tasks. the things we do for each other the household and family. it's worked out well so far thank god. there are difficulties and challenges. with that but if she had but she had did her bachelor's when we were already married and got excellent results we're here with the always on our dream is even bigger well she wants to achieve more and of course i have to help her within and outside.

the 3 of them live on campus even though y.l. works in mecca a 2 hour journey away he commutes so that his wife can continue researching the technology that could help secure the country's future. but there's a big obstacle to overcome in replacing oil with solar power and that's dust. in the desert state of saudi arabia there are more than 3000 sunlight hours a year and almost no rain dust coats the equipment and reduces efficiency. so that state we can lose 2030 percent of the output so we need to be removing it and ideally moving every day because then. don't get that layering effect of the

dust right now it's super layered on i mean this is this is quite a stiff bristle brush. it starts to come off. a stray an inventor george eitel who best set up his company nomad based on the idea of brushing the dust off instead of rinsing it saudi engineer ahmed out of sari is a member of the chain he's also be getting frustrated about the effect of dust on solid modules. surprisingly i never knew the there is one person in the field that actually take tackling the same issue that there was a scene in the actual customer arrays and they say ok this is a problem that needs to be solving no one is doing a great job it's all in it i would like to join your team and become one of the main problems or one of the biggest challenges that face this whole industry. this solution is an electric brush with very fine bristles it constantly sweeps the dust

away so it can't stick. to. the. council provided a fellowship that brought computer engineer jamiel shaw well back from the us. i did not imagine myself staying in saudi long term and the. idea changed more recently coming to cows seeing how things are changing in a direction that i appreciate and that i like. to use a simple one. because all the time. in the past we have seen problems to be as something to be avoided or ignored rather than opportunities to be. braced and this is

a cultural mindset not just in the middle east but worldwide if we're honest but what we're seeing now is is a reevaluation of the problems that exist like that and a new way to address them. are mad and jamila trying to reconcile innovation with the country's traditions. making it has a lot of young people a lot of people want to see the kingdom change and that doesn't mean their traditions just gone but it means that things can exist at the same time. foreign investment would also help saudi make the break from oil. but the 2018

investors conference in the capital riyadh attracted far fewer western guests than it did the year before. saudi arabia's relationship with europe and the u.s. has been strained since the brutal murder of a saudi journalist business activity is deeply affected by political events especially in this part of the world. saudi arabia is going out of its way to bring in investment. to king abdul industrial valley promises foreign investors low rents low energy costs and hardly any tax still the response has been muted thus far. there are plans to build an ultra modern city next to the industrial area for up to 2000000 residents. there's even a golf course already. huge industrial

port is under construction and another city several times bigger than this one is being planned for the north of the country to entice investors. slowly but surely the country is starting to realize that oil alone won't keep it going forever. saudi arabia's regional rival is its neighbor qatar a much smaller country with a similarly powerful economy due to its huge natural gas reserves. and several middle eastern countries cut diplomatic ties with qatar in september 2017 following allegations of financing terrorism. qatar is reacted with patriotism and assurance that they would manage just fine without their powerful neighbors migrant workers keep the qatari economy going. the amir's vision for the

future is to have more private enterprise that doesn't depend on gas and to foster a highly educated population. in. 2.6000000 people live in the emirate of qatar. 240008 citizen. national revenue is around $44000000000.00 u.s. dollars 76 percent of that comes from natural gas. other was blessed with natural resources as well as a very centric position in the middle east and in the middle of the world if you wish so other not only in the foreign policy but when it comes to the for example the scene of education as. created the education city which is serving as an

educational heart for the entire region. qatar has brought international universities and think tanks into the country including the brookings institution from the u.s. . qatar has identified like the knowledge economy and education sector as r.k. components of it so persecution of cottage early there has been a very good space to have intelligent independent dialogue and researchers and these organisations are allowed the space to be able to do the work that he to do. the brookings institution has voiced some criticism of the country's economic policy. a large share of the national population is involved in government work they have government positions their employees in government they have these the really high salaries short working hours job security these are all very good things well when

a country starts talk with the need to diversify it's usually far into their 1st because from the private sector so i think in general you. need to encourage entrepreneurs spirit and entrepreneurship involves risk taking. the main driving force in the private sector is construction new buildings are going up everywhere. construction is also taking place underground the capital doha now has a metro system that will have 4 lines once complete. the 10s of thousands of people who work on these mega projects mainly come from abroad working conditions have improved following international criticism most of the markets arrive with no training and learn on the job. these kinds of contracts and not attractive to skilled workers. tyreese are more likely to do administrative jobs and i still prefer to work for state owned companies.

rethinking old ways will take time in cata says a spokesman for the metro association. and then have us see that up under the dome of the well it's a very new kind of transport system for qatar. so it'll take a while for people to realize that it's safe and environmentally friendly. to afford it and we worked with her for a metro will save time money and of course energy. saving energy and reducing the country's dependence on natural gas is at the forefront of the new sustainable city center of doha this is the district of michigan rep named after the springs and wells that sustained the ancient desert cities. that's before the. you can close the roof so the whole square is in the shade during the day. we've created

a new architectural language that while you know that the structure of the stones on the facades prevents the sun from shining directly into the buildings but the fall of the shards of. the architects were inspired by the past where no houses in cata had energy guzzling air conditioning them a share of district uses wind to cool the area naturally you can see how it works in the old buildings that still exist here. doesn't leave a bit of this building has been built in such a way that the wind from the north blows in and cools the entire building. the ground has many advantages to oil it doesn't absorb heat so the building stays cool and also the dust sticks to it. so when the wind blows through the building it doesn't stir any of it up or was that got. shot all residential

and office buildings in this district would use up to 30 percent less energy at least that's what the government is aspiring to. in just a few decades the capital doha has transformed from a fishing village into a lively metropolis. and. the tiny emirate of qatar is now well known all over the western world and it's almost defiant in its pride to be an independent nation. that. qatar has taken on an important role in world politics and wants to retain it. the foreign ministry is also involved in his vision 2030 that will hopefully create

a future independent of natural gas. people sometimes think that the 2030 vision of because of you know the fact that other countries are launching there is only recently that the father has joined the club as a matter of fact others had that vision in 2008 launched and that at that time we didn't have the world cup. we didn't win it but then as soon as that happened that was integrated into the overall vision. sporting events could also provide an alternative source of income. to the khalifa stadium can ease . and host international events in the summer because of its guaranteed system it's the only one in the world in an open stadium.

katter's world cup commission is responsible not only for planning the event but also for what comes after how can the economy build on the expertise that's been brought into the country. all of the sporting or international events it has in the larger urban fantasy and international expertise to come and delivering the event. i mean there will be going to the next event to ensure that the knowledge base here within about that and within the region we have this just the institute center to ensure i mean to deliver education and training to the sporting industry. sustainability is also part of the sporting industry at least that's the message the world cup commission wants to convey for example with the 1st fifa stadium to be recycled after the world cup. the whole stadium as well be. this month something up after that on the month of the world be broken

down into different users sawed side that can be theirs but they're damaged so can be rebuilt elsewhere with this initiative addition. everybody done it is more as realty. the building is made from shipping containers and steel girders after the world cup cutter could theoretically sell the stadium to the u.s. on mexico so it can be repealed there 2026 as long as the politicians play ball. oh man it doesn't just look different than its neighbors and their towering skylines. the sultanate is having an easier time. and in alternatives to oil and natural gas for one because its reserves are smaller than those of its neighbors and a man's economy was flourishing even before the discovery of oil. life

here is still shaped by fishing crafts and trade and women also have a big role in society. a man has diplomatic relations with all the gulf states including cata. its ancient citadels and fortified buildings and now just part of the country's history the country practices a more moderate form of conservative islam. some $4600000.00 people live in the sultan of oman $2500000.00 a citizens national revenue is around $22000000000.00 u.s. dollars 73 percent of that comes from oil and gas. much as the historic district of a man's cap from muscat and one of the city's major tourist attractions more than $3000000.00 visitors come to amman every year mainly from germany and france.

to resume is the biggest industry up to oil and gas and it grows every year by 6 percent. the government's next aim is to build a port for large cruise ships right in the front of the old town. but won't mass to resume ruin the historic area. geographer money well a good bill it is hoping to answer this question with her research. she has lived in moscow that for 14 years old man has a lot to offer and a lot to lose that much is clear from a visit to the bait around a museum. i think more days than that it was i visited us that. the black robes arrived in the country with the rise of oil and the influence of

saudi arabia so that also brought a more conservative way of life. i know. the man well hopes to find a form of gentle tourism that's compatible with local tradition. no we're conservative country we've got a village in the interior you need to really observe the way you dress the way you talk to people and it's not mean that you know you need to really look around you the environment you're in and conform to it to the country's self that's where the toys will enjoy and we as the villagers would welcome them to come to the country open arms talk to them. incense has been bought and sold in the matter bazaar for centuries. but what will happen to the little shops with the growing cords of tourists manuela asked some of the shop owners. to resume has changed what sold here there are

a few every day goods and more souvenirs. many omanis are now giving up their shops and leasing them to migrants. but. once one that wasn't quite there around 200000 cruise ship tourists came here last year it doesn't sound like much but when you consider that the population of mater is only around 200000 and that really is a lot it gets overcrowded very easily that buffalo. many a moving away from our truck because they feel like strangers even on the streets they grew up on the chicken number no one. home the everything used to be colorful around here as well that was happy for you. lots of things still are but lots aren't. the set up and these are caves with no substance we are models used to shape this place your mother mccutcheon. but some of the old shops

are holding out their products might seem out of place but this is exactly what their money customers are looking for. some people come from villages far away the owner explains. his father moved here in 1929 from india. who started this film i thought it was a little bit. and all the money people would think it and it was like. what is on them and their money. and don't you. when asked about the future of his shop he had just one answer everything should stay exactly as it is and was. travelling through a man can be like a journey through time in. japan after is

a mountain range in the north of the country. it. was a tiny village of so grab has been clinging to this is scotland for 400 years. but you have to get it in abdullah shrieky was born here just like his brothers and cousins now they're turning the homes of their ancestors into guest houses for tourists. who lives 6. inch. each. other get out of the office and my grandfather used to live in this room let's get that off if you want and as you obviously we preferred of ornish the wood with all of oil because it's a natural oil. yet it preserves the beauty of the door and protects it and

a lot when for 3 or. 4 families used to live around their grandfathers room just a few years ago life happened outside the rooms which is for sleeping and cooking on the open fire. a road now leads to the other side of the valley and the villages have moved into modern houses. good media life in the new village is much more convenient than in the old and hey nation right next to the road. so with a car everything you need is nearby. we have electricity and t.v. which is nice of course. we just obviously so it's only what.

i don't have also thought i had to tickle we have created something really special here with this simple set up our guest house is different from other hotels tourists can experience what the place used to be like. this is the kind of gentle tourism that could help replace oil and gas revenues. fishing has always been an important part of a man's economy. as. a mark also nonny grew up in a fishing family in korea that but nowadays the journey out to sea is really worth it. grandfathers told us they used to fish right here on the beach but if we have to go

further and further out. without us just by that is why. one solution is aquaculture. ministry of fisheries has set up its own research and development center for the industry. amar has been working for the private aquaculture company blue waters. for over a year now. about 80 percent of the employees are a manny. and like many citizens in neighboring countries they don't shy away from jobs outside the air conditioned office blocks. but here too the private sector is considered a risky alternative to secure government jobs. have

a sentimentalist about and i'd advise all young people to look for jobs outside the government. if you don't get a job there try applying to private companies. to get up out of class. lou waters lowered its 1st aquaculture cages into the sea in 2017. just a year later they produce $350.00 tons of fish. being at sea mission for example and all the people are traveling all over the place in that region africa and in the continent subcontinent and therefore this is part of their activities in the past but with the oil to iraq that we are living in this has not been well received or well managed so people are lists willing to take risks we have but the chances on trying to set our our approach to. our young people people in place for being more into can or small innovative.

drugs could also provide an alternative to oil and gas a man who's been trading minerals since ancient times. their names drawn from. actually it was dog you are. the one which is necessary for their making up their image as you see it is very white the purity is really. suitable for making this image. a man is one of the few nations on the arabian peninsula with the rocky terrain 2 percent of its g.d.p. comes from mineral exports spurred by the bin in construction industry in neighboring countries. in most of the gulf states it's the next biggest industry

after oil and gas there's money to be made from cement. the minerals are playing the rule here in measure all in all one however the challenges the major challenges on these our environment should be there is a strategy and a plan for it that not everything we will take it we should keep something for future research and development should be also continuous and to their mining. the project manager has created a lab in the factory alongside his job he's also doing a doctorate at the university of leeds in samit of course. this is the same. group there are using with from oil and gas. and we are trying to. explore the possibility of recycling those materials. those are

all material for some of my refractory. the 1st attempts were successful. yesterdays industrial waste is becoming the raw material of tomorrow. hello out to me is concerned with sustainability and part of that is giving a bigger role to women for example as engineers. increasing numbers of the money women are now studying mostly natural sciences. like at the german university in moscow at the only german university on the entire arabian peninsula most of the students here are women. one reason is that men tend to go abroad to study while women stay at home. because of the boom women are also studying subjects here that

a male dominated in europe like applied geosciences and a professor wilfred bauer from uk and germany teaches the subject. he says that studying he also encourages women to aspire to a korea like. most of my family members are and the petroleum industry so big and you size this i can't i can't be in the petroleum i actually did a training in petroleum companies but i also have like the new industry of minnows this is and you think in our mind the tourism. hydrology so we have lots of sectors we can participate in. geosciences are opening up new economic sectors for the future and they also reach deep into a man's history. you have. the largest off your light in the world is in oman it's the former ocean floor that

formed here on the arabian tectonic plate a little more than 19000000 years ago. and as it was guns are something very special every year hundreds if not thousands of geologists come here to study the structure of the ocean floor here. me and what's on board this. what would normally lies several kilometers below sea level is part of a man's landscape. is on her way to this ancient seabed the cliffs here a made up of its layers which are easily accessible to researchers. to geologists works full time is vice president of the oman geological society and is a mother. she documents and measures the geological history of her country. 800000000 years worth of it.

that's the upper most part of the off here lane it's called. buzzards. and that's mainly the form of the sea floor when the magma actually has the cool water so 30 to find that he will bellows. anyone who knows what they're looking for can recognize pillow lava immediately the lowest section of the outfield height is called the mantle rock molten mantle that solidified several kilometers below the cold sea floor. they're quite unique in terms of their right track and the public. let's say attention because there's recently the studies fury that saves a few that runs actually can capture the carbon dioxide from the air and then at transform it into a different mineral so that's reducing the carbon dioxide percentage from the

atmosphere. if these rocks could store the climate kill a c o 2 then oh man one of the biggest oil producers could actually help mitigate the impact of fossil fuel production. but this research requires the support of the sultan. this is one of the most delicate issues when it comes to the future of the gulf without political change the economy one change either. we normally concentrate on the economic aspects or diversification we have to consider the comic consequence of the politics as well as a social so that could make the impact but so far it has been only one side of the way that the regime has been govern for a long period of time where the head of states normally have full power and it's very difficult to share that power with the rest and therefore this has been a measure of strain. so we need to learn how to undo that practice in the

past and try to do it something differently where we can be more more inclusive and more fair to the public many of these days versification in the shadows are. they're doing well they're being successful they're growing. but what happens if suddenly oil and gas for the stop are they able to continue on their own and in most cases the answer is no so that the trick then is to move from the actual diversification that's taking place into diversification that's sustainable in the post oil gas or. and that's harder to do. perhaps the younger generation will make this change happen if they want to maintain a standard of living economy and politics will have to change. the. new generation of hungry they realize that the old structures and systems moving forward into

a new opportunity and they are excited to be a part of that process. of. change is also more achievable if men and women can contribute equally to the process. i really believe women they have lots of capabilities they can do. good they can actually push their difficult in the country and over we the children of the country don't help a man to grow then who will lower the finish we have to work for us no matter what it takes to get to the top you have to start at the bottom and. those are. what's needed is a generation that's drive enough to experiment and not afraid to fail. we are the future of somebody. we are. we are the ones who are going to

change the future of saudi arabia. these optimists convinced there is a future for them in the gulf beyond crude oil. environmentally conscious living. with maximum comfort. from tanzania is helping make it possible he started with sustainable ideas in his own home. now he's inspiring others to innovate at his invention school eco africa. in 30 minutes on d w. one

not all bad and they will not succeed in dividing us about not succeed in taking the people off the streets because we're tired of this dictatorship. taking a stand globally was that matters. made for minds. they were systematically robbed by the nazis. and after the war there were no signs of compensation. jewish art collectors of makata and answer saw mine. today researchers are searching for the missing works of art the painful process for the descendants of looted art the fight. starts feb 10th on t w. this

is deja news live from berlin the battle to contain the corona virus of origins in china say the death toll has now passed the 800 mark meaning the virus has claimed more lives than the deadly sun's outbreak nearly 2 decades ago we'll hear from an expert also coming up. vigils are held in thailand as the country mourns those killed in a gun rampage that ended in a crowded shopping mall. and camera.