which is the analogy that you drew and then there's the kind of telco type model which is ok the data just flows through you but you don't call the telco responsible if someone says something harmful on a phone line but i actually think where we should be is somewhere in between i think the newspaper analogy is clearly wrong because there are more than 100000000000 pieces of content that people share on our services every day so the idea that we should have some kind of human editor that goes and checks each one to make sure that it is ok is just not analogous to what happens in a newspaper or other media company now as ai gets better will be able to more efficiently filter out more of the bad stuff. and i think we have a responsibility to do that better and with increasing precision and i think that companies should have to publish transparency reports like we do on the volume of content that they find or is reported to them have to publish what percent they're able to identify proactively and should have to show good faith an inability to

improve on finding more over time but you know to say that we should not have any harmful content on the service you would be able to do that and give everyone a voice around the world which i think would just be losing a huge value so i think that a 3rd regulatory system needs to be made which is not the know who anything liability for telco is but is also not saying that assuming that there should be that there are some number of people who can like oversee this in our headquarters just because like an editor at a newspaper edge that's not reasonable to the n.s.o. question i mean look they can defend themselves in court if what they think that they're doing is legal but you know our view is that people should not be trying to hack into software that billions of people around the world use to try to communicate securely so you know they should try to defend themselves if what they think is right. great we're running out of time i'm afraid i can take one more question and i think the window has been waiting for the longest is bill by the

idea of norway over the. thank you mr sarkozy i think this in a sense misses the point because the argument about polarization is that. confirms you keep confirming what you already think that you have brought into a universe in which your views are reconfirmed all the time so it's not really about individual piece of news or individual content pieces the fact that you get more of the same whereas traditional media at least the good ones try to contrast different opinions which is very important for dialogue so my sense is that my facebook is fundamentally different from somebody else's facebook because we've been clicking differently and we see the same issue from completely different views is that wrong. well maybe i can give you some data which will persuade you otherwise so the average person who uses facebook. is connected to

a couple 100 people or and the content the chosen in your news feed is primarily it's not determined by us but it's things that other people share or it's a huge choose who your friends are and what pages and businesses you want to follow and then that's the content that's eligible to show up there the algorithm matters because it helps right things but you know most of the conversation is about new is really what we're focused on doing is you know if your cousin has a baby then we better show that at the top or else you're going to be pretty upset when you miss that out of the thousands of posts that you might have been able to see that day. so that's the kind of ranking that we do but it's fundamentally it's more about sorting what is what is what people have shared that is about choosing what you see. now before facebook and before the internet you know the average person would maybe watch a couple of t.v. stations to get news maybe read a couple of newspapers and you're right that media tries to show some balance of views but it's also undoubted that each media outlet has kind of their own

editorial view and slant that they bring to things what we see within facebook and we've done a lot of social science research on this as well is that even if you know of your $200.00 plus friends the majority of the people you know share some of you were come from a similar place or have a same background you're likely going to be connected to least some people in attendance 15 percent of people who are pretty different views so the data that we've seen is actually that people get exposed to more diverse views through social media than they were before through traditional media through a smaller number of channels now there is the the confirmation bias issue that you say and one of the issues that we see is that yeah in your social media feed you'll often see. maybe a greater diversity of different types of content but we also see that people are less likely to click on things that engage with them if they if they don't agree with them so i don't know to solve that problem that's not a technology problem is as much as it is

a human affirmation problem in the way that you're saying but i do think that as more data in a research accumulates. the idea of social media and the internet are singularly because in our driving polarization i think is being questioned quite a bit and again it's not that we have no part of this so that we don't have to make sure that our systems do a better job our goal is to bring people closer together so we don't just want to be not negative or not the most negative thing where we want to be good and there's proactive stuff that we can do about helping to show more different perspectives helping to make it so it's a good environment for people to have discussions but you know fundamentally i think that that's these are i mean this whole conference is about. a lot at lot of the theme here in the west listen esteem is about the values that we bring in that these sets of countries bring and whether the world is going in that direction and

i just think a lot of what social media the internet are about are about giving individuals a voice helping people express a plurality of opinions being more open about that it's not clear to me that the world is guaranteed to go in that direction and we do see different regulatory models coming out of places like china that are spreading to other places as well this is one of the reasons why i think the regulation is so important because also regulatory models are spreading that i think in code more authoritarian values in more places around the world i'm very worried about that i think that we need to make sure that that the internet can continue to be a place where everyone can share their views openly and where the legal framework around this is one that encodes democratic values and open values and i do think that it is as part that we got to move forward on regulation hopefully we move forward quickly set before a more authoritarian model gets adopted in a lot of places 1st but a lot of that is going to be making sure that that we all including definitely us

live up to our responsibility to make sure that that when people can share informed communities that that is a positive force for bringing people together and up holding these values. thank you very much mark as you see we could go on and on for another hour owed to the interest among these people. in these issues is enormous and growing and i want to say that i'm glad we have course watching facebook c.e.o. mark zuckerberg at the new nick security conference it is interview is winding up after taking a few questions i think one big take away statement was we want to be good says the head of social media company calling somewhat counter-intuitively governments for more regulation saying there needs to be more democratic process more guidance from states when it comes to elections and political discourse for example on the balancing act of freedom of speech and security and saying he was proud equally of

his come companies accomplishments in some $200.00 elections around the world in trying to get ahead of misinformation campaigns but it was difficult to play cat and mouse games with fake users accounts and that he had hired some 35000 people in the effort. it's and to shed a little more light on i think it was a really interesting discussion lot of others subjects covered is joel dull roy let's just rewind here a little bit why is mark zuckerberg at the munich security conference which is really a place for generals foreign ministers and presidents and does seem unusual since facebook doesn't traditionally have any role in the military process and so forth but perhaps it does reflect more that facebook has a growing role in the information war forth between countries and during elections between candidates now his appearance was billed as being about social media and democracy and so it was all about social media having a greater role now in that democratic process and we heard him talk there about how

facebook is doing a lot to crack down on hate speech how they're going to crack down on terrorist propaganda using artificial intelligence to make sure that it gets spotted before moderators have to see it. and but at the same time on 5 is a bit confusing because he also somehow didn't talk about something very important which is facebook's role in political advertising and in the us the political advertising policy of facebook is actually very weak they allow candidates to lie in ads this is what zuckerberg said last year he said i don't think most people want to live in a world where you can only post things that tech companies judged to be 100 percent true that in a democracy people should make up their own minds about what politicians is saying now this is in direct contradiction to the way that they that they behave when they're trying to crack down and as they say on all these fake accounts around the world last week they announced that they had shut down 100 accounts they had linked to russian military for spreading fake information about ukraine around eastern

europe and planning false stories but at the same time they allow political candidates to spend money to say whatever they like and they don't want to be involved in that regulatory process it's a bit contradictory and struck me as well one of i think it within 5 minutes he said we want to get. the head of the misinformation campaigns in politics but the journalist who covered donald trump and who logged all of his let's call them lies as they're called have given him full to nokia's he's a misinformation campaign for many of the people who cover him and it actually go out and check the facts that he puts forward on his twitter feed which are which are not facts which are outright lies and they put it's a particularly in the paid advertising so last year the trunk campaign put up and out about joe biden's on his rival joe biden and it contained basically lies and the campaign austin to take it down face but to take it down and they refused so they've got this policy where they say that on one hand political ads you're

allowed to live as long as you're a politician paying us but if you're anybody else we're going to put a on to you and make sure that we track you down if you're a fake account in russia we're going to hunt you down and make sure you're not spreading any misinformation and how believable did you find in the overall and particularly i mean generally been in the particular case of him calling for more government regulation is that just window dressing i think one has to try to get ahead of the game because regulations coming one way or another and he wants to of course be the one who determines what it looks like and but in terms of his believability as well as you know we were saying that there's a huge amount of money going into political advertising in facebook which has become the battleground for a lot of campaigns so when he died he didn't address that at all really and i find that a bit odd because that's really the main question here at the moment we're seeing the political. candidates in the u.s. is spending huge amounts on facebook advertising last year donald trump spent $20000000.00 on ads and that wasn't even an election year that was

a proceeding an election year he made over around 200000 individual ads targeting different people with different messages some of them containing really xenophobic fear mongering material some of the more monday as well but you know there's a huge spending. going on in and at the moment trump is really winning and this is a statement directly from facebook's own vice president last year andrew bose was said that he believes that the platform was actually responsible for getting donald trump elected because he ran the single biggest digital ad campaign of ever seen from any advertiser no because of dirty tricks or because of cambridge analytical you might have heard about that because he basically was the big spender so this is the kind of democracy that facebook wants to see it want to see democracy where politicians spend more money on advertising and where campaigns are determined by who has the biggest budget and of course he doesn't want that to be regulated he

wants he wants that to be kept kept separate i want to ask you a question here about regulation and the sort of trans-atlantic split which you know has been there for at least 2 decades when it comes to technology companies europe regulates harder broke up for instance the bundling of microsoft's operating system with its browser when the american regulatory authorities were unable to. will you see europe forcing facebook to adopt rules on elections that the americans won't in the name of the 1st amendment and that sacredness of free speech and so on is that a possibility is more likely to come from europe than it would be from from the u.s. that's true but we also see that europe has a difficult time creating a unified voice for instance on issues of state taxation we big tech companies are still not taxed in any kind of unified way and europe's been trying for a long way a long time to come up with a common way of doing that now more recently there are moves to try and tax companies to feel like facebook for the profits they are and within europe rather

than sending all their profits off to internal attacks in companies so there is some kind of movement there and perhaps why we are seeing. it comes to the munich security conference is because he wants to get ahead of that conversation and make sure that his companies use a ok so there is a financial. motiv a lot of talk of saving democracy in the world i suppose thanks for that joel delroy for the analysis of mark zuckerberg statements in newness of security conference and a reminder of the top story we're following for him. at the munich security conference facebook c.e.o. mark zuckerberg has told delegates that his company takes down more than a 1000000 fake accounts each day he also said that he was proud of the progress facebook was making on election security but he is still worried about domestic information operations targeting november's elections earlier u.s. secretary of state might come théo rejecting claims made by germany's president that the u.s. is backing away from its global leadership. and this is

news i'll be back at the top of the hour don't forget you can get all the latest news around the clock on our web site at state of the doc top story we're following for you. at the munich security conference facebook c.e.o. mark zuckerberg has told delegates that his company takes down more than a 1000000 fake accounts each day he also said that he was proud of the progress facebook was making on election security but is still worried about domestic information operations targeting november's elections earlier u.s. secretary of state might come théo rejecting claims made by germany's president that the u.s. is backing away from its global leadership. and this is the news i'll be back at the top of the hour don't forget you can get all the latest news around the clock on our website at studio b. dot com the next crisis is for watch.

this week on little stories. we get a taste of politics you know on kong. and you hear about a controversial ban in lagos but you begin in germany 75 years ago allied planes carried out devastating air raids on dresden the historic city center was reduced to rubble and dash tens of thousands were killed we speak to a survivor. when aaron's tears comes to the new marked public square and sees the restored fallen keurig he is reminded of the dresden bombings 75 years ago . here. and everything was destroyed and this was

where most of the people were killed in the firestorm then on the next day the taste and fallen kisha collapsed yes the square was reduced to rubble. on the evening of february 13th 1945 over the span of just 15 minutes the allied forces dropped bombs containing 900 tons of explosives on dresden during the next 2 days 3 more attack waves followed after that the baroque old town lay in ruins at the time aaron's tears was 9 years old when the bombs were dropped on dresden he and his parents he had in a bomb shelter in the cellar of their house seen here in the former johann björk an alley. and. after the 1st attack we left the apartment while everything was burning i can still see it before my eyes the flames creeping over the rooftops of neighboring houses.

and that's what it looked like afterwards that was my parents' apartment was on the top of the. aunt's tears and his parents were lucky they were able to flee the city as many as 25000 people died during the air raids many of them suffocated during the firestorms. and can question in my eyes this was a war crime many things happened on all sides but this was an act of destruction directed at the civilian population. and tears started working as a camera man in the 1950 s. his nickname was the eye of dresden he documented the reconstruction of the destroyed city and he's been collecting photos and videos of dresden since the 19th century for his film archives. documentary film can be brutally honest with if you do not read it or change the footage and i never did this then for me it is the

most impressive historical witness and who calls. today the rebuilt cityscape of dresden betrays few signs of the destruction that took place here 75 years ago. long kong is divided between those for and those against the pro-democracy movement . even eating places are being boycotted horse supported because of their political loyalties. this pastry into 3rd shop is well known for its refined dishes we should not go it listed as one of the best in hong kong but for kim one 1st time customer this is not the reason why he came here for a scoop of ice cream in the afternoon. on me recently it's not. like a. business with

a. role or something that. the post hits with messages of solidarity show this shop is yellow because of the pro-democracy movement kim has found a place by an app that lists businesses which support the protests. coco chan and chairs co have found it their business after dropping out of jobs in the financial sector they have been supporting the pro-democracy movement since its beginning oh my god i was going to have customers came in one day and when they finished they gave us a yellow sticker and said you can put this up it's only send i realized they were from a verification team the yellow shop's alliance i want. cocoa and shasta have found that that pastry shop in 2015 but the protest movement started they suffered losses as most small businesses but since then have been labeled yellow the turnover is even higher than before the protests started i don't know i don't

see it when protesters go to ace and other places they need to be careful about people over herring their conversations but they don't have to worry about that head that's why we have more customers recently sometimes they even queue up outside our shop and take us is really just around the corner. but those who do not support the protests trouble really warms each real traditional hong kong snacks has been labeled blue the color of the pro-government camp since she posted a photo in support of the police force on facebook her business is down more than 50 percent. i'm using my savings and i borrow money from friends. the shop is my baby i can't just close it but right now i don't have any income. just how young protesters are boycotting a business and they have repeatedly reported church with your thirty's for a leech violations lately has been to eatery after husband passed away several

years ago to support herself and the 2 kids now she has to take small extra jobs in the evening to make ends meet. it's either blue or yellow in today's hong kong the social divide runs through the whole city. in france one woman and her daughter are doing what they can to put an end to a barbaric practice female genital mutilation is illegal in the european union but thousands of women and girls are still savagely disfigured. fatty mandia and her daughter salamanca and so i preparing food for the whole family some cason sleep with them family and friends often stop by cooking as one of the traditions fashion mad yeah holds dear from her country of origin mauritania

but there are other so-called traditions which she strongly rejects. may. i was cut so are my 3 oldest daughters. i know that my 2nd daughter had complications when she gave birth. but i had my daughter's cut because i was afraid of my mother's influence. you can see her picture there she said if you don't have a done to your daughters their prayers won't be heard thank you nic. simply. it was working as a midwife in mauritania in the 1980 s. that turned her against the practice. i've met many women who've suffered from fistula or incontinent they couldn't hold back their urine anymore they have to change their clothes all the time there are even some who have become completely isolated. when fatty majak came to france as

a political refugee in 1990 she started her fight against after. she founded an association that campaigns for women's rights in communities where the practice is still accepted she's also part of a european network which lobbies members of the european parliament to take a more active stance against f g m. has also joined the fight as you know i was lucky not to be affected by f g m i grew up in france and i think the question never came up for me but people around me people i know are affected by it in my community even in my family that's why i feel it's important to fight against it. and her cousin how are are about to launch a series a future big splendors to inform young girls about. all the little simple hello to all and welcome to the you tube channel purple chair my name is howard. f.c.

am is illegal in france and the rest of the e.u. still there are 225000 survivors of f g m in france alone fast and salamat confident their 5 helps bring down those numbers. this is an act of violence done to small girls who've done nothing wrong maybe it'll follow them until their death that's not good whatever happens i know this is a fight i will continue. and i won't give up before i see concrete results and. it isn't. our last trip takes us to lagos in nigeria road accidents and traffic chaos are the order of the day here now the nigerian government has said enough is enough and moved to ban motorcycle taxis but many nigerians depend on them to get from to be. an

attempt to keep law and order out this policeman is trying to keep try sickles off the street it's only the beginning of the morning rush hour but traffic is already jammed try sickles and motorbikes known as okada are by far the cheapest and fastest mode of transport many depend on them for their livelihoods plenty of small commercial companies have popped up in recent years that's on top of thousands of drivers who operate on their own for all of them the ban is a huge blow. it if they built it. before you. will do. so i'm so proud. the government come out with thoughts. if i. want. to do this because your heart know all about things to do. 5 law good schools is by

profession by now. as the public transport not broken lagos is far from sufficient many customers depend on us to get around. a bit stop making quite mark. if you don't buy the let me get. my. daddy to take all that you provide and means of transportation of all people but the lagos state government is adamant. people get into this must be good to be broken to go make joe's. you know obviously not we've got mostly because you don't often know time is right dr right now i'm doubts this bloody cmos bookkeeping. and he suggests the ocado band might also free up young drivers to take up their profession so you go up paint as you do ibut does you go up to laws you don't know how to sounds are very scots know that it was not the situation of the fall guy that. it's not the

1st time that lagos has imposed a ban on motorbikes so far it never really worked the commissioner sads government will introduce more bosses and better roads this time but as traffic in lagos keeps getting busier it's hard to see how people here will manage the delta okada.

enter the conflict zone with team sebastian. my guest this week here in rome is the jesuit priest father hunters sola who is a needed and close searcher of use of a mobile kludgy is the boss of go serious about wheelchair for would continue to provide opportunity has come

a full priests who commit these awful awful close conflicts. in 30 minutes on d. w. . his new world becoming less western and not does it mean for the more the west to leave the stage to others the key question at this year's munich security conference and join us for all coverage of the security conference 2020 today on d w. this

is deja vu news live from berlin the united states tells its allies at the munich security conference that the west is winning bidder report that the death of the forensic ought to go audience is grossly over exaggerated but this is while u.s. secretary of state mike pompei or tries to reassure the rest of nato french president emmanuel macklin tells the audience the west is weaker and europe must rely on itself. and market to zucker burke says he's proud of the progress facebook is making in an election so.