it is free to any of us to try as it. all out. to do some sit in the footsteps of the right. in your. town to please. for a time you want to but still very much alive. good guy to specialise in germany . where exactly. i am learning a lot our culture history of. travel extremely worth a visit to. germany

where reigns supreme there are 47000000 cars on its roads in a cities a choking on dangerously high levels of particulate matter nitrogen oxide and enormous c o 2 emissions the government has to proposals for driving bans in speed limits now it's decided electric cars will fix the problem. in this and then we need to rid transportation of it c o 2 footprint and electron mobility is a key part of that and it's way to go time. going green on germany's roads electric mobility is promoted as the ticket to a clean future and one of the fastest growing sectors in the global market. seem to be some yeah that's france germany and the e.u. aim to supply 30 percent of the global battery demand by 2030. j. . and can make us also have ambitious plans. for the big shots in the same yard by

20251 in 5 models and the b.m.w. group will be electric but our electric cars are really the solution. for the boy look up and you can talk about clean energy for countries like germany if you're destroying people's livelihoods elsewhere more than the one you know. how clean it is electric my bill is really. and his electric car rolling sheeran is on his way to his bakery in the town of hilton in north rhine-westphalia every saturday a group of electric current meets apia for breakfast. u.s. manufacturer tesla is still all the rage. to slot the space for test was

a bit like a religion for me it's like the sunshine it's a real solution that offers a way out of the dilemma is on top certainly also the mind that not. all of the electric car owners here are convinced that they're helping the environment. until it was told it's great not to pollute we have solar panels at home in our utility supplies energy from renewable so you know my conscience is green. i drive an electric car because environmentally friendly economical and that was key. there most by roland sure and also drives an electric car to help protect the environment he feels up his electric car outside the bakery and his own charging station. i think for this electorate mobility is immensely important for saving the environment because at the moment there's no cheaper more environmentally friendly c o 2 friendly mode of private transport and there will be feared. the breakfast club

drive as electric cars are the only way to marry personal car ownership with environmental protection is written evolution us up before buying new cars should stop using combustion engines and refuse to be talked into buying a new diesel because it will soon be banned anyway. by a letter now with our government should promote electric cars and develop renewable energy sources in parallel. and agree and then the problem would be solved. i just removed. because compared to gasoline and diesel the electric car has one advantage its engine does not emit any exhaust fumes electric cars powered by an electric motor the energy for this comes from a battery built into the car floor the battery is the central and largest element of an electric car depending on the model it weighs several 100 kilos very small materials and need it for the battery the most important things is lithium so where

does it come from. 'd we set off for south america to argentina and the province of hopefully more than 60 percent of the world's lithium reserves are located here in the endian highlands in the so-called lithium triangle that straddles argentina bolivia and chile. it's an inhospitable extremely dry region with sparse vegetation that only sees rain once a young river let's trickle for just a few kilometers before running dry water is a precious commodity the indigenous squalor have lived in the region for centuries today their people number more than 100000 carlos man breeds animals that his farm up here in the mountains. equality were parts of the gaelic well i represent the aperture to collective and we oppose lithium mining because there's very little water here. large amounts of water are withdrawn from mining it compounds the arid

conditions. we're all very concerned about the threat posed to our natural environment. and both if. we are a month looked up a. near guzman's farm the salt lake salata overawes lots of now to choose a 4000 meters above sea level. beneath its salt surface crossed is a deep basin of brine it contains high concentrations of the cover to deposit lithium. workers from the mining company celeste a wholly pumped the bribe to the surface this was the 1st major lithium mine here a 2nd company exxon is expanding another plant and testing is underway in other salt lakes in the region. lithium is just booming right now we extract it from deep below the salt lake this well is 450 meters deep it's currently pumping 55 liters per 2nd we plan to install 30 such wells in the coming months.

the company pumps the brine into huge basins workers are constructing a new basin several 100 meters long and wide immense quantities of brine of removed for the production of lithium every year 10000000000 liters of processed this salt lake alone to extract lithium the brine is left to evaporate under the hot sun. after 6 months lithium makes up 6 percent of the concentration brine. it's fed into the plant which processes it for industrial use. at the was we had chemicals to separate the other minerals in the brine so that in the end all that remains as the highly concentrated lithium would you think of as the sun would up more goals and that in the field. it's a protracted procedure. but it's become highly lucrative fueled by the demand for

batteries to power electric cars exploratory systems are being installed across the salt flats of chile bolivia and argentina not least because of the price for lithium has seen a 7 fold increase in recent years investors call it white petroleum or white gold there's a thought that one i believe this is the lithium carbonate or end product. well it's a powder what's it worth. her the. one time costs around $14000.00. what's a kilo worth i can't convert that i'll apply. a white gold rush. with devastating impact on the unique salt flats of the andes at an existential threat to do when dealing water resources in this era great. for

their production mining companies need millions of late is of precious fresh water in addition pumping brine from the depths of salt lakes pushes scarce groundwater from the edges into the middle of the lakes where nix's with the salt water and is rendered unusable. water that accumulated other tens of thousands of years and keeps the ecosystem in balance is wasted within the space of a few years. every later counts now entire reserves are drying up in the near future farming will no longer be possible near the lithium pools and it's not only water scarcity that's a problem some of the chemicals used during the lithium extraction process turn into toxic dust that's transported by the wind. but in the wild if there is a natural we suffer from air pollution. a lot of things are carried on the wind

like lime caustic soda and part ash. one of the 3 chemicals together are more aggressive than one alone you're right impacts agriculture on the fuel plants that grow here but also the animals. we've seen llamas go blind because of the dust in some places the. farmers from other villain. as have also chronicled the effects of toxic dust on the eyes of the animals whose wool and meat a key to the livelihoods of the indigenous people. the color settled in this area even before the incas but now little is threatening their way of life. in mark alter has a spiritual connection with the salt lake and you know it since time immemorial we have appreciated the richness of nature the many birds and also our llamas graze

there and that's why we say no to lithium mining. but mining across the region can no longer be stopped who needs all this lithium. and this man is part of the answer. a man mask take billionaire and electric car pioneer. there on with his company tesla ilan must show the world that electric mobility could be sexy in 2016 he introduced model 3 the 1st electric car for the mass market. in terms of production. the thing that's going to be a major challenge for us over the next 6 to 9 months is how do you. parse. batches of the key ingredient construction on tesla's gigafactory one in the nevada desert near reno has been underway since 24 chain we wanted to visit the factory

ourselves but were not given permission to film the plant 35 gigawatt hours capacity could produce batteries for about $500000.00 electric vehicles a year. then i thought that we have a factory that's actually now the largest battery factory in the world and when it's done juice more like in my factories than the rest of production by from one building. but tesla isn't just building backtrace in nevada it's also got plants in new york and china with a 4th in the pipeline for europe. and the demand for batteries to power electric cars is not only growing at tesla at the paris motor show in 2018 german car makers

showcase their latest top of the range models like diamonds e.q. c. audi premier to its brand new. and b.m.w. unveiled its concept car the i x 31 of 25 models planned in the next few years according to management board member klaus froehlich for us it's clear that by 2025 our entire portfolio ranging from the b.m.w. one series to the 7 series or the x 5 will be fully electric does this fall apart for you. when it comes to shifting to electric cars german manufacturers have put the pedal to the metal. apart from b.m.w. folks are going for c's 80 new electric models by 2025 porsche wants half of its fleet to be electric by then and diana is investing 10000000000 euros in the development of electric vehicles all told in the government's line for germany's automotive industry. many of the government's measures have gained traction and i

expect we will see a huge increase in the next few years and that's already evident from the plans the manufacturers have announced. to stimulate demand the government is offering incentives like a purchase rent tax breaks free parking and funding for research and development all part of a strategy set out a decade ago in the national electro mobility development plan it was drafted by a panel of experts from the fields of politics industry science and environmental groups pinning kargman heads the national platform future of mobility and has direct access to the chancellor his brief is to get as many electric cars onto german roads as possible to achieve germany's climate goals for the transport sector by 2030. in the truly yours investment of course we have to see what's feasible initially the government set

a target of 6000000 cars currently the model puts the figure in the range of 6 to 7 and a half 1000000 by the by the for there are also demands that goes high as 10000000 people will have to see how many cars the manufacturers can produce us the book home. but those cars will need customers carmakers have identified range as the sticking point dima says its q.c. will cover 450 kilometers. out easy tron 417 kilometers b. and w.'s i extremely well have a range of 400 kilometers. and b.m.w. i next unveiled in december trumps them all with a purported range of 650 kilometers what is striking is that all these models are s.u.v.s because you can only travel far and electric cars with large and heavy batteries and they need a lot of space in large bodies. which don't get us i'm told frequently it's

a step towards customer acceptance in which we're trying to explain to customers that electra mobility is actually nothing revolutionary so it's not it's just another way to drive a vehicle so now you're accustomed to. driving a certain range with your internal combustion engine vehicle it's logical to expect the same range from an electric car into bottom but. b.m.w. sees its future here in the very end countryside the group has established its electro mobility competent center in tingle thing it's i next to sit to roll of the assembly line here in 2 years' time will co-host my heads the plant. those are some of your favorites here it's a doing all things site the i next is a real opportunity it's the 1st fully electric model will produce to that end the plant is currently being expanded to encompass 80000 square meters. to b.m.w. the mobility is the number one growth market. as befits in the same year we estimate

that by $22051.00 in 5 b.m.w. models will be electric that means electric power trains will account for 20 percent sales across the group. on the road to an electrically powered future. big enough for now we expect worldwide demand for battery cells to increase more than 10 fold in the next 11 years. a demand fueling the need for lithium. back in the engine highlands of argentina. we are in rim khana d.s. here on the edge of the salt lake the disastrous effects of lithium mining are already apparent. the village is one of $33.00 communities in the region that have joined forces to fight the corporations. and an imbecilic economy.

when i started mining lithium here the water in the village became increasingly scarce young man them and any amount how they're used to be enough water to irrigate our gardens but today there isn't enough. but mining companies have only just begun to drill here the locals are not prepared to sit back and accept the destruction of their ancestral lands the arid region has been their home for centuries. we've begun building up rural tourism here in this community and also in neighboring villages around the lagoon and when alone. if they start drilling it will jeopardize everything we've achieved i mean a but you know the 3rd because they'll leave their toxic waste behind here with us there and that's one. protest action by the villagers has made waves across

the country. they've set up roadblocks and staged demonstrations at home and taken a case to court in the capital point to serious as a result some applications for drilling have been temporarily denied. but the government continues to carve the land up among the multinationals violating their human and civil rights. the leader of the resistance clemente flores is himself a llama breeder and pharma. he's also had 1st hand experience of the threat of lithium mining poses. the water he needs to sustain his small farm is getting scarcer and scarcer. you know they will both of them this well is 12 meters deep down there the water

used to be about one of the happen either stayed in august we took a new measurement there were only 50 centimeters or the water table has dropped drastically. there is a miracle of nature here freshwater springs in the middle of a white salt crossed the springs form small makes in this hostile desert environment but this unique ecosystem is under threat experts from the german n.g.o.s bread for the world have studied the impact of lithium mining. tonally a tonne of lithium requires burning off 2000000 liters of water the problem is this is such an extremely arid region that in the long run will be pumped dry. your own fuel and that. for the back of a single electric car up to 80000 liters of precious water disappear from here forever. and it's not just the land of farmers and their animals that's under

threat. of an argentinian and when we were in argentina we also travelled to the quieter oakleigh goon and we saw this incredible sight i mean hundreds of flamingoes the whole lagoon is full of flamingoes it's get us a logan is as good as sold to mining companies so in the next few years it'll be covered with concrete pools and it's very clear the farming goes will disappear on his guns madison flamingos freshman. the government recently auctioned off mining concessions for the extraction of lithium in the massive salt flats salinas glanders the indigenous population feels transported back to the time when colonial powers robbed the land beneath their feet today it's their own government that's in the past they have no formal land rights it's land that they have cultivated for centuries. but it belongs to the government and whoever owns the land controls the

water. and it was in the it's a matter of life and death if they pump so much water out of here in such a short space of time and we know what a huge amount it is then in the next 5 or 6 years we will lose so much water that the land here will turn into a real desert. then it won't just be impossible to farm or herd animals we won't be able to live here at all. in the near future lithium mining could spell the end of a centuries old culture and a unique ecosystem scientists like harold lish and we're almost here to hold on to we used to get oil from somewhere and accepted in inverted commas the environmental damage there we didn't care i doubt lithiums if you ask industry where do the raw materials actually come from it answers oh they're just delivered

it's just business as usual this is basically we don't want to hear anything at all about the environmental damage we're causing with our transport modes in europe or north america and many other countries. being just a visual version of it unleashed. germany's economy is the world's 5th largest consumer of medical resources it's automotive industry acquires them through a network of supply as it's virtually impossible to control the side as it were to fog it's a very good question whether the sources are sustainable and above all whether the mining methods are in line with roughly german standards the industry will have to make sure that it imposes appropriate requirements and ensures transparency in the countries where its source is the raw materials it has in fact made that commitment that shot's is hell for finished it. how do german carmakers ensure their suppliers are maintaining environmental standards now d n said. 'd 'd since we do not do business directly with raw material producers we

have integrated sustainability requirements into our contracts with direct suppliers we take all indications of infringements very seriously and investigate them directly and consistently. diana responded to control supply chains must say dispense cost conducts risk based supply chain in other words supplier inspections it starts with a direct supplier and proceeds along critical points in the supply chain if necessary all the way to the mine. folks wagon says. 'd our suppliers are also obliged to pass on the requirements to this sub suppliers such as rule material produces. all of the car manufacturers rely on a jointly develop standardized questionnaire for their suppliers with multiple choice questions b.m.w. says it prevents exploitation and practices that waste resources which is not always an emergency rule that out because years ago we voluntarily committed

ourselves to checking from the outset that the raw materials we use actually meet our sustainability requirements to the highest degree. however b.m.w. has no idea how the lithium in its batteries is produced or where it comes from they tell us. this is not always possible especially when companies in the supply chain cannot guarantee full transparency for reasons of competition. community leaders of the villages we visited in the argentinean andes says no company has consulted them on the environmental impact of their operations. currently we get a lot of new representatives from the mining companies telling us what they're up to but actually the government has to consult us 1st before it grant. concessions to the companies that's what the law actually says they're supposed to ask for permission 1st before any drilling begins they're also required to conduct an

environmental impact assessment but it doesn't do that either and. in fact the regional government of her hoyo has a stake in the largest mining company not the best prerequisite for the enforcement of environmental protection standards the german and geo power shift says its research shows comic is a too passive grown of eggs the author of a study on the effects of resource extraction 1st electric mobility. let's end this most of those argument lee you need more than questionnaires car manufacturers can't be allowed to simply hand over their responsibility to suppliers for their driven business they need to go to the mines themselves and evaluate the situation it's not enough to simply took a few boxes because the question is who checks what goes on as their contributors and political economic policy lies at the heart of german politics and it turns a blind eye to the human tragedies environmental disasters and deprivations occurring elsewhere toward. collateral damage abroad so to speak for better in

germany. and as if to offer cars with combustion engines have an enormous ecological footprint in normal use up look it's true that the production of electric cars does too but on the road and above all the longer electric cars are on the road the further they arrange the longer their use the better the ratio gets . but the numbers don't add up quite so nicely because almost all battery cells for german electric cars are produced in china and south korea and their electricity used in battery production comes largely from coal fired power plants and that is bad for the climate actually so production is highly energy intensive sweden's i.v. l. institute says the production of lithium ion batteries for electric vehicles releases between $150.20 kilos of carbon dioxide per kilowatt hour battery so for one electric car with a battery of around 100 kilowatt hours which is what german manufacturers are

aiming for 17 tons of c o 2 are released into the atmosphere before the car even hits the road by comparison a mid range combustion engine car consuming an average of 6 liters will have already travelled 100000 kilometers before reaching that value. it's certainly true that the battery is not particularly climate friendly during production and the larger the battery the smaller the advantage can be that is correct for us. but the 2nd point is the more renewable energy we have the more environmentally friendly it becomes for those. but it's not just electricity that determines how environmentally friendly a car is to produce and operate the institute for climate research factors resource extraction into the life cycle assessment of electric cars after all it's not only lithium mining that's causing environmental degradation. in bion china's border

with mongolia large swathes of land have been destroyed for the mining of rare earth metals for electric cars toxic chemicals and radioactive substances pollute the environment in contaminate the water it takes a lot of copper cobalt and other hard to extract raw materials to build electric cars and that he has tools for if we look at the production phase the cumulative material costs for battery powered electric vehicles are about twice as high this is mainly due to the battery the production of which is more material intensive too much we often use. it's twice as damaging to the environment to produce an electric car than a combustion engine car gasoline and diesel powered cars a largely built with steel steel production has a comparatively low environmental impact but the extraction of the many raw materials needed to make batteries is a major factor in environmental degradation and the bigger the battery the greater the damage to the environment ecologically speaking the push to increase the range

of electric cars is nonsense for the environment and the climate simply replacing the fuel tank with a battery is not enough. to know for most of all there needs to be honest and proper information about what risks are actually associated with these technologies there must be a clear discussion not only about the opportunities but also about the problems they present. in germany needs new strategies. to meet its climate targets by 2030 electric vehicles can pull their weight in mass transit buses or taxis clock up high kilometer or passenger numbers the disadvantages associated with their production are outweighed by their contribution towards cutting emissions and it's too early to write off the personal car. but to minimize their environmental impact electric cars need to be small in size in the western city of our home the start up

ego believes the solution lies in short distance traffic last year it began rolling out its life model a compact car designed for the in a city. going to shoot is the company's founder and c.e.o. he's also a professor in arkansas technical university and a member of its board of directors for mission in the in traffic in our cities needs to be as a mission free as possible as soon as possible for the time being electric vehicles are the only way to achieve that one of the required range in urban settings is limited so we only need relatively small batteries if i'm. going to shoot knows what he's talking about before starting a go he spent decades researching for the automotive industry and helped develop an electric delivery vehicle the street scooter. the sale of that company to the german postal service provided the capital to start his new company.

ego smallest model life has a range of only 100 kilometers and a small 15 kilowatt hour battery an ecological balance sheet the compact car overtakes a conventional car after just 25000 kilometers. a recent study by the german ministry of transport confirmed that 100 kilometer range suffices for most drivers on average germans do not travel more than 39 kilometers a day perper. still the life is not climate neutral. either of us are currently neither the production chain nor the charging power are particularly environmentally friendly we need to be clear about that the mining of raw materials has a high environmental impact. but we're fully aware of this and it must be honestly figured into the ecological balance sheet of the illusion forged in this moment i'm version of. recycling is one way to improve those balance sheet numbers and

belgium the firm to me call recovers room materials from spent batteries on an industrial scale christian hog is the company's recycling extended. start focuses on functional metals namely cobalt nickel copper and lithium in the 1st 3 we achieve recycling rates are yields of 95 percent so virtually nothing is lost for the case of lithium where we're trading more than 50 percent panic spec to significantly improve that rate as. the technology to recycle lithium is new in the plant an adverb is the 1st of its kind retrieving metals for the production of new rechargeable batteries the plant process in cell phone batteries but in future it will turn to electric car batteries a shift that could significantly relieve the burden on the environment. if you look

at modern recycling plants the energy and water consumption as well as the spatial requirements are a fraction of what they are in mining so the life cycle assessment of a raw material improves considerably through recycling and this is a key reason why recycling is so important especially for electric mobility what germany lacks a clear laws on battery recycling the e.u. spectra directive is 14 years old and outdated lithium ion batteries currently the most prevalent battery technology and not even listed. that's because in 2006 they were hardly in use. today the requirement says that 50 percent of a battery has to be recycled but that's not enough you can achieve that 50 percent today by recycling the casing and certainly tiriel without having to recycle the cobalt or lithium it contains a cycle of what would it sort of call what police resources are. out of sight out of mind much of germany's electronic waste ends up in garbage dumps in ghana and

nigeria with devastating consequences for the people and the environment there just 10 percent of all the trees in europe are currently recycled without appropriate additional regulations electric cars will compound the problem but to date there's been no government action. i haven't missed this this last half what we need 1st is the possibility to even recycle batteries as soon as that's possible we can think about legal requirements and regulations which to an extent do exist today for garment legal you but 1st we have to create the possibilities for this and we'll only be able to make it economically viable and continue research when there are more electric cars on our roads for sure and it's so 1st we have to get more electric cars onto the market which could then undoubtedly they'll be a raft of other questions to address the done that months ahead. as long as it's their share in view of the damage to nature wildlife and the populations in the affected regions it's presumptuous to believe that we can save the climate with

electric mobility and one has to ask oneself why politicians and german politicians in particular are still so committed to this model and are jubilantly pushing us all to go electric guns are tight your boot you're missing. why is the german government promoting technology that with its trend toward large backtrace has been proven to be more damaging to the environment than conventional cars. if you thought a moment i well we're currently promoting the introduction of electric mobility and i think that's important of that we have vehicles the meet customer's needs and not vehicles that some studies may say are great but which nobody buys as and yet what kind of culture or many customers want cars to have a range that they can rely on for the commute to work we need to acknowledge that concern and take it seriously but also looked at all of these and that's why we need to have organized systems of electric mobility in place and at the same time

develop alternatives trains local public transport and alternatives like car sharing cycling and so on for the short distances. and so vital for the nanda and in the stands there's one thing all the experts agree on only a total overhaul of transport policies can make traffic climate friendly ismail's from fortune from our kids well past the 11th hour when it comes to devising mobility concepts for german cities if you look at transportation it's the only sector in germany in which greenhouse gas emissions having creased over the last 25 years so there's an urgent need to catch up after. other countries have managed to win the urban population of cars in copenhagen amsterdam for example bicycles have the right of way vilnius took a different approach in 2017 the little whiny in capital introduced one of the most advanced mobility apps on the market. just patrollers from the platform traffic

shows us how it works. if we want to go where let's say. try here i want to find all available options that could take me there so i just use route search and then we can see that there are a myriad of different transferred options. the app uses real time data from buses trains taxis and car sharing vehicles to generate routes suggestion. that combined the various options. for his planned route patrolling his will 1st take the bus and then a car sharing vehicle to get to his final destination is soaring the bus stop. near gayla streets. and actually it says that troy bus number 2 is due any minute now yes actually coming. to train us waited less than 2 minutes for the bus it works so well because the city's administration supplies the mobility platform

with all real time public transport data. the most radical open data set in europe difficult to measure but now with dared to challenge me so far so we have better at the top and the policy and of course the words but the most use of the most important. is of course transportation in return the city has access to platform uses movement profiles for traffic management to regulate traffic lights adapt bus intervals to passenger demand and to avoid congestion the city says it's not encroaching on data protection rights. of the data we share it's a very generic god so it's not personal data i mean it's not a new thing going to more but but in the data of actual online real time data of all the mobility of all the traffic a live chat is of riots of the car sharing station by taking

a bus he was able to avoid a traffic jam ok. i'm locking the entire route was booked and paid for via the app inside the car the app also takes 7 navigation it's all very convenient one in 5 people in vilnius already uses the app which means that increasingly personal cost of being left behind. when you give people the best options around them via routing or nearby so. lucian's then you empower people and that's a great feeling when you feel like a sort of a superhero traveling within a city i don't have the small device in your hand that's that is your magic super bowl. trophy now provide services to 10 cities worldwide. the app went live in berlin in cooperation with the city's public transport

provider the big teaching as manager of the platforms mobility lab the train is involved in the development of the user interface well this is a working progress this is the prototype for this whole application we're working on currently. when we start to see talking about this project internally we've noticed that naturally berlin has a myriad of transport options and you can definitely see that in comparison for example if i would just open up our traffic up now right you have only a couple of options right within the city does vary but in berlin of course you have trams buses ferries to bounce bond and so forth so we try to explore a solution where you would be able to fit everything and it would still make sense well the end goal is to create a city where or to have a city basically were. transferred to integrate holistic. you

wouldn't need to have your own private vehicle because there would be one readily available. and the 2nd thing of course a natural follow up to and goal is to reduce carbon emissions because we are dealing with global climate change. one way or another that can only be done with fewer cars and resorted to quick short sighted just to change the propulsion system electric mobility only makes sense of the energy used to power it isn't. are mentally friendly less material intensive and just one part of a new concept for mobility which we so urgently need in germany and washington. it's high time to rethink the mobility we take for granted a comprehensive strategy is needed with smaller cars less traffic and a high recycling right only then will electric cars be on a course that can help save the planet.

thank you. do you believe experience range anxiety of these 2 electric cars should ease your concerns. on the web challenge the curious case so no i wouldn't be drawn to the compact a metro s.u.v. against a heavy cruiser. is the comparison unfair or just david versus goliath read. 30 minutes of w. . in good shape. are drugs the right way to manage pain. doctor comes to make the time as to what is the

medication indicated not to get. what are the risks of side effects. and are there alternative treatments. in good shape. in 60 minutes on t w. a there i'm david and this is a climate change. happiness increase book. this is the book for you. you'll get smarter for free books are new to. cut. a.

mock. this is live from berlin european governments are tasty taking drastic measures to stop the spread of the coronavirus france and spain follow italy and ordering a nationwide shutdown of public life while many other european countries are starting to close their borders also coming up u.s. president coronavirus test results are in and they are negative but what about the tests for the rest of the country. and germany's. piece of the file.