i am in the southwest of germany in spite of. the city of 50000 inhabitants located on the rhine and especially known for this building. spire cathedral the city's main landmark 1000 years old and in this cool world heritage site. christianity has sent great monuments in the city but judaism has also left its mark here in the middle ages was one of the most important jewish

settlements in central europe along with mines and warms the 3 cities were even called jerusalem on the rhine. the. spire warms and minds are considered the cradle of european judaism jewish life has shaped these 3 cities for more than 900 years and i want to know what remains of it so today's show is not just the city trip but also a journey through jewish history. in our email we also jet over the ski slopes in austria. we take a tour of the port city of haifa in israel. and take a closer look at minus. the old. in these 2 streets in you can guess and plan the plot from gaza

a jewish reserve venture area was created 1000 years ago because jews were only allowed to settle here the houses were built particularly narrow and high in order to offer as much space as possible. the speed of museum is also located here in the you wouldn't have the jewish courtyard. in the middle ages buyout was called in hebrew which is how the museum got its name. warms was called. mines. for this reason these 3 cities are called shoot communities. stands for speech for what minds are and for him against. the term is like a low ball it is familiar to jews all over the world. the importance of

becomes clear when you go outside the museum here you can see the remains of the mediæval synagogue it dates back to 110 for. next to it was the so-called phone sure the synagogue for the women. in general women and men set apart in synagogues well and this bench here used to be for the women they were able to follow the service by these listening slots. this is particularly noteworthy a ritual death from the 12th century. the water basin is 10 meters below the surface.

let's take a look into the past the middle ages that's where the. pretty things. some say history begins in mines one of the oldest cities in germany the ancient romans lived here and it's likely that jews lived among them. later in the middle ages minds became a center of jewish learning and religious life. in the 10 century merchant and scholar moses clone amisse left his home city of lucca in italy and came to mines. he helped to usher in a new era here this is german routers help the jews would help to modernize minds since the jewish merchants were well connected well educated and business savvy. little one of his family produced many famous rabbis and mines developed into a center of jewish scholarship but above all it was rabbi i guess from ben yehuda

who really put mines on the map. he drew students from across europe. during his tenure gash them introduced modern laws forbidding bigamy and making it a sin to open and read other people's mail. he also decreed that a woman had to agree before her husband could divorce her. after mines vons became another center of jewish learning on the rhine. vom synagogue this study will and share serve as reminders of the famous rabbi rushdie as does this modern sculpture in the in a courtyard rushy studied here in the 11th century. in the city of speier bishop boudicca settled trees near the city's famous cathedral around the year 1048 he said he did it to increase the place a standing a 1000 fold. along with mine. and forms spieth became the 3rd important center of

jewish culture on the rhine but the jews peaceful existence here was short lived time and again there's a pub grahams i'm doing the nazi era as the jewish community was completely obliterated him. you can spice of these atrocities jewish mind has returned to spying vaughn's and minds. in acknowledgment of their important jewish past the 3 shown cities are now seeking to be listed as a unesco world heritage site they spend years preparing their application which was to visit in january 2020. by left and i'm on my way towards the only drive 40 minutes north along the right. the symbol of the city is like inspire unfolds on minds the huge inferior cathedral

. it was built in the 12 century. forms it's not only known for its cathedral at its jewish past but also as the setting for the famous novel in legend. in one's numerous buildings are innocent of the german heroic saga which deals with hate love power and murder a dragon is also there. and this statue shows the villain haagen from tron you said to the throne the new balloon treasure into the rock. well we'll leave worms for a moment because we've received another viewers video as you know you can send us your impressions of your travels if we show here on check this time the video is from luis. and he were instilling in the eye. so that's our weekly be male.

let's. go let's. play you told. colin.

you. know you. see this special out spots in her. travel. back in the morning at the highly guys and always sand symmetry. is the managing director of the show. which looks after the preservation and communication of the jewish history of bio warms and minds men must wear headgear in the cemetary.

how old is the cemetery told most a 1000 years old it dates from around 1030 or 1040 the same time as the jewish community settled here so it's a really old jewish cemetery so you can also see that from looking at the stones it's a sea of stones. to hear or of course particularly eye catching disney there not only right at the entrance of the cemetery but also covered with notes and with stones so that you can see this is a living memorial. the reason. tells me is that a famous read by from is buried here. once the tradition of placing stones on tombstones. if you look around you can see stones lying everywhere on individual graves and tombstones and the important thing is simply that you honor the memory of that person you don't have to know them this is a concert this whole area contains about 2500 visible gravestones from many many centuries if we briefly stop here and look at this small green island you will see

the 2 oldest gravestones we know of. a 1000 years old 1000 there a 1000 years old one is an unknown young man and the other on the left is the yard called probably atonement student we don't know for sure in all the international visitors here. they are 40 to 80000 visitors a year and very many people visit the cemetery for them this is an important place for stablish in the sense of location finding their own family history consulting scholars it is just an incredible amount happening here for jews. on our way to the synagogue we passed many stumbling blocks. so if you still have seen storms like this year and many other cities what is this all about. this is the largest essential ised holocaust memorial in existence there are tens of thousands of stones on. all over europe this was inspired by an artist from cologne

who in the 1980 s. ninety's asked how can you actually best memorialize someone and the best thing is actually to stop as you did and ask what is this disturbance in the ground that's something different and there are names on it and numbers and places and suddenly you realize that there are stories behind the stones. they tell of the victims of the nazi regime and are embedded in the ground in front of the former homes during this time the jews from here were harassed deported and murdered as many parts of europe. we also find stumbling blocks in the you wouldn't guess the course of history today is the same as it was in the 12th century and in the center that she sure the warm synagogue. now the school board is the building may not be large but it has an incredible history it dates back to the 11th century it was burned down several times in the wars the chris say it's attacked again and again and the jews

in forms always said we will rebuild it we belong here and we want to stay here this is testimony to an extraordinary resilience and a desire to be respected and. the building was also destroyed during the nazi era and later rebuilt in 1981 services are held here again today. we continue with our immediate local slot where locals show us around their hometowns and this time we were invited to the port city of haifa is located in israel the only country in the world where the majority of the inhabitants are jews . hi welcome to high 5 my name is through a star and i'm very happy to show you my hometown one of the most beautiful theaters in israel let's see if. i face very charming because in one hand you have a modern cd writer the. the mediterranean sea big buildings in the street but in

the other hand is a. place where you find people relaxing enjoying the atmosphere like me. welcome to the german colony this place was stylish in 860 night by german templars the german temples was a group of religious people they came from sort of germany and you could still find a lot of historical places of the german heritage here in haifa. this is one of the german houses there just and i bought splurge i don't know what it says' but i know that it became a post office. david a call me i think it means the kingdom of the lorries called me.

this is the most important religious interest place here in haifa it's called the baha'i gardens behind gardens are the center of the behind me and it was recognised of the heritage place for the unit school. look at this is not the best view has far from the high gardens you can see all the ports of the fall you can see the ships if you look over there the accuracy in my opinion is the best beautiful. this is the shrine of the bob and bob was the founder of the behind faith. my next stop in my tour through haifa 9 using what he needs in us what he needs us it's a neighborhood very colorful where jews most. and christians live together to prove

the existence exists in israel that's visited. this is a very typical r.-o. place and we have here in the book the book club is based on the stash cashel and also notes that's right good. for our lots thought i would like to take you for a beautiful weekend how to come up.

with this nice refreshment i want you to say goodbye it was a very nice day. and i had north again 40 minutes to minds. there are hardly any remains of the jewish past left but there is a new synagogue in architecturally exceptional building. the jewish journalist on the back volunteers to guide visitors through the synagogue which was inaugurated in 2010 the board of building has an unusual shape why is that because the this whole thing as a word sculpture and the word is kept in shock i brought the architects draft with me timespan holiness it's the name of an important crab servant you say 3 times a day and the letters of the can to shock inspired the outer. there's not

a folded like that. around like that right around the corner. and here's another special thing. the remains of the pillars of the old synagogue stood here until 938 it was one of 3 inner city synagogues this one here was the liberal main synagogue which had close to a 1000 members it's an exciting testament to the old switch shows that mines once had a great jewish tradition. of course. yes the ceramic tiles are also quite interesting they change color when exposed to lots of light to date unfortunately dollar amount and then all of these tiles a light green now in winter they're more dark green nights they turn black i was very important to the architect as he wanted to use it to express the liveliness of judaism. now we go into the synagogue.

these are the keepers or camps the people always go tom and they go into the synagogue while praying in everyday life. why do we where one. it is a mark of humility towards the north. one simply cannot go bareheaded. as a mark of reverence towards the lord it. this place of worship is impressive the gold colored walls are decorated all over with hebrew characters they reach up to the top of the tower. even the benches form a letter. the hebrew out. in front are the torah scrolls with the 5 books of moses. you read the torah with the ritual pointer. the yacht which is hebrew for hand

that's very important because he's vegetable based so in summer if you run out of sweaty finger over the torah scroll that would smudge the writing and it's also a sign of respect to god not to point a finger directly at me and instead you use the original pointer to travel along that line. and that. of course there is more to discover here in the new synagogue so here's a brief overview of what you should see in minds. minds is the capital of the state of rhineland. some 220000 people live here. the best place to start your tour is minds cathedral also known as st martin's cathedral it's over 1000 years old but the area around it is still buzzing with

life. 80 percent of the inner city was completely destroyed during world war 2 however many of the town houses built for mines his wealthy merchants were later rebuilt. mines is one of the german cities that celebrates carnival in a big way. a colorful festival is a tradition that dates back to the 16th century there's even an entire museum devoted to it large paper mush a heads or a fixture of mine says carnival during the rose monday parade there want to provide some comic relief. mines his most famous son is your highness good and bad the inventor of the movable type printing press. it sparked a media revolution in the 15th century. mind says gutenberg museum also owns 2 of the $49.00 original gutenberg bibles still in existence. in the demonstration workshop visitor. can witness firsthand how gutenberg sped up the printing process

through the use of movable type printing presses. so let's pull this out. if it turned out wonderfully. to better understand the mind's way of life you need to get to know it's a wine culture which dates back to roman times. in the old town from the region have revived the minds tradition the wine tavern. along with the wine tasting the bit there can also teach you some idioms. like. should also be served good wine. back in the new synagogue.

there are many jewish traces in this room cities are the tourist attractions or are the places that are filled with jewish life. very important for the world heritage application as well it's a very important and decisive factor the jewish life has returned to these places and luckily jewish life is evident inch by a warm sun mines thanks to immigration from the former soviet union. why do synagogues in germany actually have police protection is good for this applies to all synagogues in germany just 800000 jews in germany are registered in jewish communities dangerous have increased due to the radicalization in the islamist scene and in secular society think about the terror attack in berlin once in paris and. then there's also the right wing extremists could see by the attack in harlem. the assassination of a christian politician in has who was murdered by

a right wing radical political. martyr toward if you will extend our hostilities part of your everyday life luckily i have had a few negative experiences but i know of community members and school i have children who have had some not so nice ones. of course the desecration of jewish cemeteries there's also a reality for the jewish community as are the terrible threatening emails that many communities receive but. it's a reality that people are no longer so free to openly practice their judaism. many rabbis and the central council are jews in germany advise people not to wear capers in public. because of the bad experiences many jews have had. thus that is what you hope for the future also for the shu cities. i would hope that jewish life

simply becomes a given becomes normal and for the cities i wish that they'd regain the significance they once had for judaism here and around the world as well as the religious and spiritual importance. of simply that they receive recognition and people see that they can be proud of this piece of german jewish history book. yes definitely these are unique 3 wonderful places with a jewish history that goes back hundreds of years and that is still visible today and see you next time.

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