in the eye of climate change. so. what do you use today to churn. w dot com i guess it. could turn. this is one by the city on the arabian sea that i was born extremely hot summers and aggressive monsoons and the floods that accompany it bring life to a halt on many occasions. but this school still metropolis now has another massive

problem to deal with the rising sea levels climate change is making the old video one notable city more volatile but this is equal india and on some of that today we dig deeper into how coastal cities around the world are getting ready to battle the rising sea. 8 of the 10 world's biggest cities are located on the course but none of them have the natural protective barrier against the rising sea like the city of mumbai it's vast coverage of mangroves occupying less than 0 point one percent of the planet's surface mangroves are one of the most valuable ecosystems but they're threatened. the clock seems to be ticking for india's most populous city mumbai. climate

scientists predict the rising levels of the arabian sea will wipe out the city in just a few 100 usd. first inhabitants but the. traditional fisherman who have lived of the bounty of the sea for generations. today they are on the frontline facing the threat of the under lending arabian sea which surrounds the city on 3 sides. in just don't use some fishing villages in mumbai have lost a monumental 18 meters of land through coastal erosion. but luckily the region is gifted with a robust protective barrier along many parts of this coastline the mangroves. mangrove forests and situated between the ocean and the land which reduce the

intensity of the crushing bit by acting as a buffer. they also act like sponges by soaking up excess water to prevent inland flooding and by releasing tiny droplets into the air to regulate the city's temperature mumbai's monks. are in grave danger. oxen fisherman come look up over is but it about the future of the place he calls home. so i guess mangroves get cut down indiscriminately you see garbage everywhere even industrial plants release the a chemical sea or. one sank and polluted the waka so many fish have died and the ones that remain can't breed fast enough.

is steadily decreasing a clear sign that the mangroves are not doing well the for her. many parts of numbers mangroves have succumbed to indiscriminate pollution about 30 percent have been bribed out over the last few decades but that's not all. illegal constructions which happen people with bad. structures reconstruction. and. one of the biggest threats to mangoes because they have set up the dumping grounds in the creeks of inside the mangroves mangoes and the legit from going into the mangoes and beginning this is. used to be

a place where you could come for fresh air now you can barely stand there because we're just coming out of these dumping grounds into the creek. more than 100 cases of mangrove destruction been reported in mumbai in 2018 both on government and private land the government has now hired additional security personnel. some grip with ballad guns. forest against encroachers and grief. there is no doubt that without its mangroves mumbai stands little chance against the rising sea levels. now nobody in my generation had seen anything like the 2005 floods in mumbai people will be going through neck deep muddy water in many places many were trapped in cars where doors couldn't be opened toilets were spewing soiled water back into homes the next part of our story was show you how a small community of indigenous fisherman is working towards avoiding exactly this

. number of walk through the narrow alleyways of fishing village every day with a sense of gratitude wow you know you don't. know if you know. in 2005 when floods ravaged the city of mumbai killing over the tauzin people his village was largely spared this was an eye opener he realised it was the mangroves that had protected them he started a grassroots movement with the neighborhood fisherman to free even protect more than a 1000 hectares of lush mangrove surrounding his village. on the wall and here we are. working from adelaide washy and. for the wanted to come in to help we help all of. our action on our own we've got any ground up and with men going to mangle give us food over worries us if. you're not

really you don't believe you will you know you're going to be sued all those interested. now a full time activist through the movement to form the sri at this time a community organization its aim is to restore the mangroves to their farm on the. thank you thank you fisherman seaver out and clean the incessant flow of solid beast on a daily basis the organizer of an is thrives in the local community to help families understand the importance of mangroves to their lives. for generations the coolies the indigenous fisherman have caught fish and the large bonds of water filtered by the area's expansive mangroves that line the eastern coastline the fisherman who try to eke out

a living from the measly amount of fish they bring back after a whole day or fishing know that their livelihood isn't geo paddy many fish species of animal in abundance in the past are never seen in these waters today the mangroves in mumbai's northeastern corner have traditionally acted as no cities providing food and shelter for several marines species including crabs prawns mullet snappers and groupers. lives dry and fall into the soil the soil is. there it starts decomposing the crabs they get with the leaves and other stations or start nibbling away at it and create good. that's all that it becomes neutering for the soil to mangroves are the kitchen of the oceans this is where the food is prepared and circulated across the continent across the globe across your shins. these waters used to be

fertile but a process of degeneration is now well underway because of unchecked pollution and illegal land grabbing local fisherman keep constant vigil and allow the organization if they notice illegal encroachment or poaching often members of the village community have been part of the problem like. the. thing. but people are not going to listen to me. who are going to the court i will go on the high court and file affidavit again the illegality that have me you need to stop it immediately and all the structures. with the help of what a department in 2009 and then. you know. the mangroves that none kmov on his community protect up out of the ecosystem that occupies only 0 point one percent of the earth's surface that's. the

state of maharashtra which mumbai is a part off is the only state in india to have a mongrel cell dedicated to their conservation. the sale relies on participatory models like. to save the city's mongrel cover. the contribution of bondo fishing village missy minuscule today especially to many of us who may have been of live use to the role mongrels have played in protecting a vulnerable city like mumbai but it's time to the initiative of fishing communities like this one are the front line of the ocean swell that the rest of the city men now stand a chance of braving rising sea levels in the years to come. now my is not the only city in the world that has to cope with the impact of rising sea levels sea levels are rising more and more across the planet but why is this happening let's take a look at some facts the primary cause of rising sea levels is climate change as

our planet heats up places of huge masses of ice melt faster this means that even more water flows into our oceans massive ice sheets in greenland and antarctica are weakening breaking off in melting steady and water expands as it warms about half of the sea level rise over the boss 25 years is attribute it to warmer oceans simply occupy more space on average the sea level rises 3400000 meters for you but oceans do not function like a top that keeps filling up research has shown that sees actually dries unevenly putting some communities even more trees than others. and this means we have to act to limit to global warming and we must adapt to changing living conditions and develop new ideas for example is it possible to build homes on water the dutch seem to have a solution and architecture firm in amsterdam has built

a neighborhood ship a clean ship floating entirely on water take a look. at living on water in the city center. one day more than 100 people live on this side canal and on to the down. market schmidt and his wife yvonne finds out their among the 1st residents. for the slim to fruition it's a different way of life all this light here the water sparkles and reflects everywhere. and now yes you experience it much much more. and somehow you're closer to nature when the wind blows and you open the door a gust of wind will come rushing into your face so you feel everything very directly. their house is one of 30 buildings that are part of the project and. each building has its own design. but they all have

one thing in common they float on special concrete rafts fastened onto pillows the swimming foundation needs to be able to carry several 100 tons a misstep will be balanced precisely here at home if it is one of the project architects because up front you have to go every thing that you put on the boat how heavy it will be because if you put in too much. weight it will be too low and then the water starts to come in so that's why we make a lot of calculations but front how heavy to both will be. 20 different architects were involved in the project the houses were built on land and then brought to the dock by boat sustainability it's very important to be inhabitants means clean ship . they want to achieve is to show that you can live on water with

very sustainable houses and in a sustainable way in the sense that we as a community so we had very high levels of what we wanted to show to friends that went to the world actually. sustainable and eco friendly materials used for the house is the facade of had a right time is made of cool we had lots of discussions with a whole group and we had help from from different. pfizer's on materials so we ended up with a list of green list orange list and the red list wreckless was a no go orange was ok if you really have to because of course reasons or technical reasons but prefer try to use only materials from the greenest so corcos on the green list and we like this very much so that was our choice to do so the project is to stay noble in many other ways to toilet waste is converted into energy in a nearby by

a refinery the residents produce their own. the city using solar power and very specialist that we have we got permission from the government to have us own small electricity company we all have a vetri in our house and they're all connected with a small smart grid system so we share electricity if we generate too much for a what we need and our neighbors can use it and so that's that's very we only have one connection to the main system. living on water has a long tradition and. houseboats can be seen on almost every canal one of the 1st floating districts was built a couple of years ago in a district of. 50 houses on artificial islands now the trend is spreading to other european cities in london for example where british and if you take stock and are planning floating homes in the royal docks. copenhagen has responded to the lack of affordable student housing with the so-called. 12 floating houses designed by star

. he doesn't shy away from even greater visions of floating city for 10000 people in regions threatened by climate change regions like the netherlands we think we in the future we will need more housing on the water. for several reasons because this the city is very full but also because of sea level rising for instance so we will need this kind of projects and we want to be a showcase in that sense we have some request for all over the world from new yorkers looking to live on the water bill 2 more in the netherlands there are several areas where they are building houses and communities over 520-2200 houses even. for yvonne fund saka marcus schmidt this vision has become reality. $115.00 square metres 2

floors and a roof garden it's almost like a house in the countryside but there's one difference their entire home sways going to be a bit weird. i haven't felt sick yet but i did have a day where i thought i need to set foot on solid ground. but it's a small price to pay for their dream of living on water. not unlike amsterdam in the city of jakarta indonesia which is sinking at the fastest street compared to other cities in the world the problem is much more creative parts of the indonesian capital have already dropped 4 meters but a rise in sea levels is not the only culprit local residents are steadily depleting the ground water supply below the city which basically creates an air pocket into which the above it sinks attempts to curtail this development have proven difficult

because almost half of the jakarta nz rely on groundwater for their day to be needs . it's been a while since anyone prayed in this mosque in north. the sea has long since claimed it. it makes. it every time he sees the building. thinking of this city is increasing. in last few years. because you can. say their prayers here before they cannot. anymore. the indonesian capital of carter is home to over 30000000 people it's one of the most densely populated cities in the world and to test a problem. the strength isn't obvious here in the heart of the city but it's severe

. in the north's home to many fishing communities there's no ignoring the rising sea water this brick wall was built in to sergeant and 2 in the more borrowed district as protection against flooding the seawall is continuously being reinforced and braced but that doesn't help after a spell of heavy rainfall the want to begin sparring over again. sinking. they'll go on what is being extra very much and we lost our. sufferance and the soil is. thinking we have here and then come along in this. doubling.

of the city because it's already our what are. rising sea levels and sinking soil the city needs small long term solutions. put on gun use to be an environmental activist to come paint for the rights of fisherman nowadays see advises the governor of jakarta and this part of a team working to stop the city from disappearing into the ground he's well aware that any sing he plants would have an impact on fishing. there are some 22000 fisherman in jakarta. these people harvest green mussels from the bait a local speciality they're cooked right on the beach.

4 years ago the city or sorties began building a chain of artificial islands off the north and coast to slow down lin subsequence . it's had a serious impact on deck h.s. . how many kilos do you catch a day about 50 kilos. and what about before the islands were built. back then we've got about 200 kilos. now in newport and splined along with a break wall that's actually in the sea 50 metres off shore the fishermen are worried they soon won't be able to catch anything at all. they've learnt to live with regular flooding but the new coastal wall would mean the end of their livelihoods. as they want to know whether the coastal wall will disturb our access to the sea i say that even if it has benefits for the community the

development plan has to be discussed with the affected community as a. pool of gun once the fisherman to be part of the decision making. the covered market where they sell their catch is nearby. here too it's impossible to overlook the city's plight the market was only built 5 years ago but huge cracks are already showing. the buildings in. some parts of jakarta are sinking into the ground at the rate of up to $25.00 centimeters a year. this major fountain in the heart of jakarta belies the fact that clean water isn't desperately short supply half the capital's population draw water

from illegal wells and vast amounts of ground water are used by the new high rises springing up across town that needs more regulation cesspool and gun. waste management. licensing. the city is searching for ways to conserve the precious resource. preventing groundwater levels from further declining is essential otherwise jakarta will sink even faster and flooding will pose an even bigger threat. waste as another problem in the monsoon season especially trash clocks up rivers and canals so waterways can't drain into the sea these days an army of about 12000 trash collectors work

around the clock betting the garbage emergency. a number of components or settlements have already been evacuated and torn down in the name of flood protection. the company of tom cole was slated for demolition in 2015 the hearts were directly on the river and the inhabitants were supposed to be evicted and then they took matters into their own hands they've torn down parts of their homes themselves removing sections on the water satch the result is a striving peaceful community and to residents who take pride in keeping the neighborhood trash free. and there's now a riverside walkway that's a comfortable distance from the water. the community also has the support of a team of architects who developed a sustainable model home for it's made of stone and ward rather than plastic and

sheet metal 7 families live here. this is war house like it and house among them are google more met his wife and their 2 children. then before and i have window this is important well no because in the past i don't have . social responsibility sustainable water management the people often call have shown what's possible the community has become a model of clean and green living now the neighborhood enjoys state support. gun hopes the or sororities are starting to understand that when it comes to ensuring the city's survival the urban poor north and jakarta are part of the solution not the problem. a precarious future does not mean a town down towards doomsday it means an opportunity for course correction i hope

to this episode has helped. the issue of climate change and its impact on the many vulnerable communities who will be at the front line when sea levels continue to rise more and more we'll see next week with yet another part provoking episode until then good bye.

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