this is moved by the city of the arabian sea where i was born extremely hot summers and aggressive monsoons and the floods that accompany it bring life to a halt on many occasions. but this school still metropolis now has another massive problem to deal with rising sea levels climate change is making the world really one notable city more vulnerable this is equal india and i'm some of that to really dig deeper into how corps still cities around the world are getting ready to battle the rising sea. 8 of the 10 world's biggest cities are located on the coast but none of them have the natural protective barrier against the rising sea like the

city of mumbai it's vast. occupying less than 0 point one percent of the planet's surface mangroves are one of the most valuable ecosystems but they're threatened. the clock seems to be ticking for india's most populous city mumbai. climate scientists predict the rising levels of the arabian sea will wipe out the city in just a few 100 usd. members 1st inhabitants but the. traditional fishermen who have lived of the bounty of the sea for generations. today they are on the front lines facing the threat of the under lending arabian sea which surrounds the city on 3 sides.

in just 10 use some fishing villages in mumbai have lost a monumental 18 meters of land through coastal erosion. but luckily the region is gifted with a robust protective barrier along many parts of this coastline the mangroves. mangrove forests and situated between the ocean and the land which are abused the intensity of the crushing big by acting as a buffer. they also act like sponges by soaking up excess water that to prevent inland flooding and by releasing tiny droplets into the air to regulate the city's temperature mumbai's monks. are in green. danger.

absent fisherman come look up over her is what it about the future of the place he calls home. so good mangroves get cut down indiscriminately you see garbage everywhere even industrial plants release the economical seer. one sank and polluted the waka so many fish have died and the ones that remain can't breed fast enough. this catch is steadily decreasing a clear sign that the mangroves are not doing well the fold. in many parts of number is mangroves have succumbed to indiscriminate pollution about 30 percent have been bribed out over the last few decades but that's not all

. illegal constructions which happen people with bad. structures the reconstruction. thing is that this is one of the biggest threats to mangoes because they are set up. in the creeks of inside the mangoes inside dense mangoes and the legit from going into them and degrading this is. to be a place where you could come for fresh air now you can barely stand there because of the limited which is coming out of these dumping grounds into the creek. then 100 cases of mangrove destruction reported in mumbai in 2018 both on government and private land the government has now hired additional security. some grip the ballad guns crawl these ghostly forest against encroachers and greet hikers there is no

doubt that without its mangroves mumbai stands littlejohn's against the rising sea levels. now nobody in my generation had seen anything like the 2005 floods and mumbai people will be needing to make deep muddy water in many places many were trapped in cars where doors school can be opened toilets were spewing soiled water back into homes the next part of our story will show you how a small community of indigenous fisherman is working towards avoiding exactly this . none of our walk through the narrow alleyways of fishing village every day with a sense of gratitude after your young. local hero. in 2005 when floods ravaged the city of mumbai killing over the tauzin people his village was largely spared this was an eye opener to realize it was the mangroves

that had protected them he started a grassroots movement with the neighborhood fisherman to save and protect more than a 1000 hectares of lush mangrove sounding his village. on the one in 2 years we are . working from adelaide washy and. for the wanted to come in to help we help all of. our action on our own we've got any ground up and workman to get it up mangles give us you know in over movies a super bowl journey all of the you don't believe you will go to the community he says although he was there. now a full time activist through the movement to form the sri equally at this time a community organization its aim is to restore the mangroves to their. thank you thank you

fisherman seaver out and clean the incessant flow of solid beast on a daily basis the organizer then is tries in the local community to help families understand the importance of mangroves to their lives. for generations the coolies the indigenous fisherman have caught fish and the large bones of water filtered by the area's expansive mangroves that lined the eastern coastline the fisherman who try to eke out a living from the means lee amount of fish they bring back after the hold your fishing know that their livelihood isn't geo paddy many fish species of animal in abundance in the past are never seen in these waters today the mangroves in mumbai's northeastern corner have traditionally afterward as no cities providing food and shelter for several marines species including crabs prawns mullet snappers and groupers. forest where the leaves dry and fall into the soil the soil is

basically silt and clean soil there it starts decomposing the crabs they go with the leaves and other questions or the start me being a very good and create good to make it better. for us so that it becomes neutering for the soil are the kitchen of the oceans this is where the food is prepared and sort of related across the continent across the globe across your shins. these waters used to be fertile but the process of degeneration is now well underway because of unchecked pollution and illegal land grabbing local fisherman keep constant vigil and allow the organization if they notice illegal entry which meant or poaching often members of the village community have been part of the problem. they've been. what i'm thing i really. don't do this don't do this but people are not going to listen to me. or finally

i'm going to go court i will go on the high court and file affidavit again the illegality that have me you need to stop immediately and all these structures. with the help of what a department in 2009 and the area no one the mangroves that none kmov on his community protect our part of the ecosystem that occupies only 0 point one percent of the earth's surface that's. the state of maharashtra which mumbai is a part off is the only state in india to have a mongrel cell dedicated to their conservation. the sale relies on participatory models like. to save the city's mongrel father. the contribution of bondo fishing village missy minuscule today especially to many of us who may have been of bolivia's to the role mongrels have played in protecting

a vulnerable city like mumbai but it's time to the initiative of fishing communities like this one are the frontline of the ocean swell that the rest of the city may now stand a chance of braving rising sea levels in the years to come. now my is not the only city in the world that has to cope with the impact of rising sea levels sea levels are rising more and more across the planet but why is this happening let's take a look at some facts the primary cause of rising sea levels is climate change as our planet heats up places of huge masses of ice melt faster this means that even more water flows into our oceans massive ice sheets in greenland and antarctica are weakening breaking off and melting steadily and water expands as it warms about half of the sea level. but the boss 25 years is attribute that to warmer oceans simply occupy more space on average the sea level rises 3400000 meters per year but

oceans do not function like a top that keeps filling up research has shown that seas actually dries unevenly putting some communities even more trees than others. and this means we have to act to limit to global warming and we must adapt to changing living conditions and develop new ideas for example is it possible to build homes on water the dutch seem to have a solution and architect a farm in amsterdam has built a neighborhood ship a clean ship floating entirely on water take a look. living on water in the city center one day more than 100 people live on this side canal in down. markets schmidt and his wife yvonne shannon sound are among the 1st residents. to the slums can prove it's

a different way of life all this light here the water sparkles and reflects everywhere. and now yes you experience it much much more. and somehow you're closer to nature when the wind blows and you open the door but gust of wind will come rushing into your face so you feel everything very directly . their house is one of 30 buildings that are part of the project. each building has its own design. but they all have one thing in common they float on special concrete rafts fastened onto pillars the swimming foundation needs to be able to carry several 100 tons a misstep will be balanced precisely here at home if it is one of the project architects because up front you have to calculate every thing that you put on the boat how heavy it will be because if you put in too much. weight it will be

too low and then the water starts to come in so that's why we make a lot of calculations but front how heavy the boat will be. 20 different architects were involved in the project the houses were built on land and then brought to the dock by boat sustainability it's very important to be inhabitants skin skate means clean ship. they wanted to achieve is to show that you can live on water with very sustainable houses and in a sustainable way in the sense that we as a community so we had very high levels of what we wanted to show to the island to the world actually. sustainable and eco friendly materials we used for the house this the façade of peda reich's time is made of cool we had lots of discussions with a whole group and we had help from from different. pfizer's on materials so we

ended up with a list of green orange less than a red list wreckless was a no go orange was ok if you really have to because of cost reasons or technical reasons but prefer try to use only materials from the greenest so corcos on the green list and we liked it very much so that was our choice to do so the project is to stay in the bill in many other ways to toilet waste is converted into energy in a nearby by a refinery the residents produce their own. tricity using solar power and very specialist that we got permission from the government to have us own small electricity company we all have a vetri in our house and they're all connected with a small smart grid system so we share electricity if we generate too much for what we need and our neighbors can use it and so that's that's very sad we only have one connection to the main system. living on water has

a long tradition in our. house boats can be seen on almost every canal one of the 1st floating districts was built a couple of years ago in the district of. 50 houses on artificial islands now the trend is spreading to other european cities. in london for example where british and if you take stock in floating homes in the royal docks. copenhagen has responded to the lack of affordable student housing with the so-called. 12 floating houses designed by stop attacks. he doesn't shy away from even greater visions of floating city for 10000 people in regions threatened by climate change regions like the netherlands we think we in the future we will need more housing on the water. for several reasons because this the city is very full but also because of sea level rising for instance so we will need this kind of projects and we want to

be a showcase in that sense we have some requests from all over the world from new yorkers looking to live on the water bill 2 more in the netherlands there are several areas where they are building houses and communities over 520-2200 houses even. for yvonne van saka marcus schmidt this vision has become reality. $115.00 square metres 2 floors on a roof garden it's almost like a house in the countryside but there's one difference their entire home sways religion it was a bit weird. i haven't felt sick here but i did have a day where i thought i need to set foot on solid ground. but it's a small price to pay for their dream of living on water.

not unlike amsterdam in the city of jakarta indonesia which is sinking at the fastest street compared to other cities in the world the problem is much more creative parts of the indonesian capital have already dropped 4 metres but a rise in sea levels is not the only culprit local residents are steadily depleting the ground water supply below the city which basically clear it's an air pocket into which the above it sinks attempts to curtail this development have proven difficult because almost half of the jakarta nz rely on groundwater for their day to be needs. it's been a while since anyone prayed in this mosque in north cut the c.e.o.'s nonsense claim to it. it makes. it every time he sees the building. thinking of this city is

increasing. in last few years. because you can. say their prayers here before. we have. anymore. the indonesian capital of church carter it's home to over 30000000 people it's one of the most densely populated cities in the world and to test a problem. the strategy isn't obvious here in the heart of the city but it's severe . in the north's home to many fishing communities there's no ignoring the rising sea water this brick wall was built into silence and then 2 in the more borrowed district as protection against flooding the seawall is continuously being reinforced and braced but that doesn't help after a spell of heavy rainfall the want to begin sparring over again carter sinking.

they'll go on what is being. very much and we lost our. sufferance and the soil it's become thinking we have what axe back here and then come along in the. doubling. of the city because it's already below are what are. rising sea levels and sinking soil the city needs more long term solutions. put on gun used to be an environmental activist to campaign for the rights of fishermen now would they see advises the governor of to carter and this part of a team working to stop the city from disappearing into the ground he's well aware that any singing plans would have an impact on fishing. there are

some 22000 fisherman in jakarta. but these people harvest green mussels from the bait a local speciality they're cooked right on the beach. 4 years ago the city or sorry to use began building a chain of artificial islands off the north and cost to slow down lend subsidy and . it set a serious impact on deck access. how many kilos do you catch a day about 50 kilos. and what about before the islands were built. back then we've got about 200 kilos. now

a new part is planned along with a break wall that's actually in the sea 50 meters off shore the fishermen are worried they soon won't be able to catch anything at all. they've learned to live with regular flooding but the new coastal wall would mean the end of their livelihoods. as they want to know whether the coastal wall will disturb our access to the sea i say that even if it has benefits for the community the development plan has to be discussed with the affected community as a. pool of gun once the fishermen to be part of the decision making. the covered market where they sell their catch is nearby. here too it's impossible to overlook the city's plight the market was only built 5 years ago

but huge cracks are already showing. the buildings in some parts of jakarta are sinking into the ground at the rate of up to $25.00 centimeters a year. this major fountain in the heart of jakarta belies the fact that clean water isn't desperately short supply half the capital's population draws its water from illegal wells and vast amounts of groundwater are used by the new high rises springing up across town that needs more regulation cesspool and gun. waste management and also lies where.

the city is searching for ways to conserve the precious resource. preventing groundwater levels from further declining is essential otherwise jakarta will sink even faster and. flooding will pose an even bigger threat. waste as another problem in the monsoon season especially trash clocks and canals so waterways can't drain into the sea these days an army of about 12000 trash collectors work around the clock betting the garbage emergency. a number of components or settlements have already been evacuated and torn down in the name of flood protection. the company of tom cole was slated for demolition in 2015 the hearts were directly on the river and the inhabitants were supposed to be evicted and then they took matters into their own hands they've torn down parts of their homes themselves removing sections

on the water satch the result is a striving peaceful community and to residents who take pride in keeping the neighborhood trash free. and there's now a riverside walkway that's a comfortable distance from the water. the community also has the support of a team of architects who developed a sustainable model home for it's made of stone and ward rather than plastic and sheet metal 7 families live here this is war house like the generals among them are google more met his wife and their 2 children. then before and i have window this is important because in the past i don't have. social responsibility sustainable water management the people often call have shown what's possible the community has become

a model of clean and green living now the neighborhood enjoys state support. evil and pull on gun hopes the or sororities are starting to understand that when it comes to ensuring the city's survival the urban poor in north jakarta are part of the solution not the problem. a precarious future does not mean a gone down towards doomsday it means an opportunity for course correction i hope to be as episode has helped who can fix july's the issue of climate change and its impact on the many vulnerable communities who will be at the frontline when sea levels continue to rise more and more we see next week with yet another part provoking episode until then good bye.

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