tv Doc Film Deutsche Welle July 30, 2020 3:15am-4:00am CEST
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might be left carrying the load alone this season concludes in october it might not be a fairy tale season given that he will cause by covert 19 but the n.b.a. hopes its disney adventure can finish in style. as live from berlin i'm told me a lot of well thanks for your company. a meal time did not complete the 2nd season on the front of the planet on the brink of disaster we did long in-depth interviews with experts about one question how do we change the only reason.
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is already the most consumed meat in the world and fueled by the global demand for inexpensive meat the industry continues to grow in the united states the waste produced by industrial pig farms is a major problem so we do we always want to open the doors you know degree with the president all who china is the world's biggest producer as chinese consumers become more affluent and demand continues to grow there's just not any end to french here is any mark on the planet if the chinese try to like americans what will happen so the amazon rain forest. to feed the pigs as cheaply as possible is being grown on a massive scale especially in brazil. we make the food that goes on the global population's table for us on the. so i
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conservation is helping to drive the deforestation of the amazon grown as a monoculture saw is impacting the whole world. china's population has now topped 1400000000 rising affluence has led to changes in people's diets in the past rice of vegetables and noodles dominated while meat was rare but today pork has become increasingly popular. china consumes more than $50000000.00 tons of pork per year that's more than half of the wilds production. there on this is the beginning of the slaughterhouse chain we saw her about $600.00
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pix per hour the equipment is imported from a dutch company. what this factory was built in the 1950 s. and in 1998 i mean shifted to large scale production. the impact of china's pork boom is being felt around the world chinese companies are snapping up huge industrial pig farms like one in the u.s. state of north carolina. were owned by a traditional family farmers ration about 2000000 pigs there were 22000 of them they all got replaced by this factory system and initially she may feel foods in murphy were the owners of that there were american corporations but now they've been bought out by a group called the dubby age group the old shumway corporation out of china it's a multinational corporation headquartered in china. you know very well so you know
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they made i understand their profits for the 1st quarter of this year just their net profit 1st quarter this year was $200000000.00 and you look at all those ships pulls in you say to yourself they got the money to fix this what's what's all new everything up. about what's holding everything up and the fact that they don't want to spend that money to fix the problem they'd rather externalized the cost of the way treatment on people north carolina. we're going to do this will fill my rule truth. as we go through one country they don't pick up everything we see all on the wire. and then a few spots on illegal discharges that will do some special filming on that. one i'm going to be. going. anyway.
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and. playing a. massive fungus with huge manila goons extending as far as the eye can see. as a result of these industrial scale farms many local residents feel under siege. we're not anti farmer her entire business in north carolina we're just. about doing it correctly and not polluting this. it's ins of north carolina's waterways
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concentrating on the farms are in. rural communities where the community does not have a voice to put up a fight to restrict these facilities are coming in here. and when they come in here they preach about having jobs in. the community but even then jobs are. what a community better would want they're working in a slaughterhouse or working on. a farm and it's not easy work and it's. very rarely see the owners of these facilities living outside. l.c. herring lives near one of these farms called k. fellows concentrated animal feeding operations. this playfield right here so we'll open up the windows only sat this is a bathroom window room next door was my brother's being home and it went to this
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amazing it is a kitchen window so we don't. want to set things in this way for you if you fold them back here. to have to suffer my little house way back here straight back but you can see them from here. if you see them from the mail route which. is prescreening and musician so that means we were shelling the stuff when everything is in la if you know how to a studio and the antibiotics the ammonia everything is in. you know in in the in the cold is being released into our atmosphere so we can open a way as we don't open the doors you know we pretty much a prisoner i won't hold it when you do try to go to his friend you have to tell you grass because he's going to congratulate dimmick and stuart watering you make you stop coughing get the finicky ones own up in makeshift angry you know you get.
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chris because you lose bush millions just doesn't seem. to me how saloon could believe they do have a right to build an animal which don't nobody leave smithfield foods the largest pulled producer in the u.s. is now owned by a chinese company. during the ninety's we saw 90 percent of all our hog farms disappear in the united states the cash market dwindled from 100 percent of the market to less than 5 percent of the market the majority of the animals now are raised under contract and so you saw this traditional profitable industry for raising hogs get wiped out and replace with this new way of raising animals that was industrialize and centrally controlled it was really a corporate takeover and it happened in a very short period of time. in most hog production
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today in the united states is produced in this industrial model it's called vertical integration. it's the way it works is that a company will own the nursery where the hollands are born it will own the feed mill that produces the feed for the hawgs it owns the trucking lines the transport the hogs and even on to the slaughterhouse where the pigs are killed and turned into a variety of product. this was a business that used to be a pillar of rural america and then it got taken over by smithfield and you know this is a company that had spent decades devouring independent firms in the united states and acquiring a kind of market share that never should have been allowed to fall under the umbrella of one firm it is not a good idea to allow one firm to control 30 percent of the entire market in. the
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pork industry or food industry once that happened though it became a very attractive target for any kind of overseas company that could afford to buy it just a huge sector of productive capacity in rural america i mean we're talking about thousands of large scale farms and there's a lot of money being made raising pigs in the united states. the chicago mercantile exchange is one of the biggest in the world agricultural commodities are also traded here on. down here this is this is now the financial room here we're standing in so over here we have a bond option trading we have the bonds here are a cultural factors been diminished over here which we still do the options on soybeans we did in corn we also do livestock china for years and years has been trying to eat like a westerner which we consume about $3400.00 calories per day china is now approaching 20 $900.00 calories so they've really caught up with where we are in
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couric intake china has the largest hog courtenay in the world accounting for about 47 percent of all pork productions but again when we look at me consumption or caloric consumption going forward it's got to happen in countries like bangladesh nigeria pakistan india these are the going to be the big drivers of calories over the next 10 to 20 years heretofore they don't have the g.d.p. rates to expand their meat consumption much like china didn't become a big meat consumer until the 20012002 period when its g.d.p. levels started to rally dramatically. china's hunger for pulque is driving chinese companies to scour the world in search of new production facilities and expertise 'd. 'd i think having us in care quark market is very important and that's another reason why. now it's not. why they left.
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america's largest part producer one i think they wanted access to supply but too from what i've heard from smithfield executives is that they wanted to learn how the american pork operations work how we were able to produce so much pork on so very little land and that means that this american industrialized style of producing pork is being exported to china. when it comes to industrial meat production china has caught up with the west. it's mechanized and operates on a mass scale. here $2.00 in 1961 this was a small slaughter house for chickens and other animals beginning in 1902 the
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government encouraged facilities like this to become more efficient. they allowed us to grow and acquire new machinery order to adopt a more industrial approach from 2003 to 2006 we experienced and your growth rate of around 30 percent so really to me is i. when you are reading so many animals in such a small space animals how is compromised antibiotics become used routinely. both for illness prevention and to increase weight gain in animals. in general if you have a few pigs on a farm. their waste is an asset it's something you can spread on your fields it's a fantastic fertilizer you have a complete new translight go. but when you have 10000 or 20000 hogs
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in a small facility their waste is a huge liability. $960.00 there was less than $10000000000.00 animals killed per year. today there's over 70000000000 and if the trajectory of meter fixation continues there will be 120000000000 killed for food by 2050. industrialized our corporations effectively command about a 3rd of the world's arable. includes the majority of the world's course grain production the biggest course grain maize and huge source of oil so it's principally sort of the world you know and so there are these huge flows of grain and oil seed monocultures through what i call islands of concentrated. solely cultivation is having a massive impact on industrial farming. china's hunger for meat is causing more and
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more sawing to be planted for use as animal feed. china as a country consumes twice as much me as the united states but each person is only consuming half as much as americans so more the chinese able to fully emulate the american diet it's hard to say where that meat would come from already china is increasing its imports of pork it's increasing its imports of soybeans that are fed to the livestock whether it's the pork the chicken before that or the farm fish their corporate a lot more soybean in their diet so the chinese government well aware of the. the dangers of famine having lived through that chinese famine where official records so some 36000000 people died they wanted to make sure that they could secure their
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food supply at home and the chinese try to eat like americans what will happen so the amazon rain forest. where where will we find the land to grow that much soil to grow that much pain there's just not any and the french years i mean are on the planet. the situation in brazil is a case in point in 21000 deforestation saward. president. who took office early that year is keen to promote the country's agricultural industry and saw is a linchpin saw in monocultures have come to dominate places like santorum in the brazilian state of pa but ria ruda lives next to us so i plantation i yes right there behind our homes this is soybean plantation. class from. us. they watch your head.
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so that this is all plantation was surrounded by soybean it's all around us. oh right in the middle of all this land used to be a family farm and yet now it's been turned into a sort of monoculture and because it's only grown to export none of it remains in brazil or. a truck full of sawing has tipped over on a road in the state of mato grosso workers a gathering up a valuable soybeans by hand. this used to be rain forest now it's only fields stretching right out to the
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horizon. a local farmer shows us around. our kids is near the border that's this before we started cultivating this was all forest it was cheap land. that was the only thing here was forest and treat. it look the way it does on the other side of the road. something we used to clear the land simply as a way to survive. this region's economy is almost entirely based on soft economy and the hero. this is our vocation . it's all we know how to do. those things you need a mantra we grow the food that ends up on the global populations table. for them for those who soybean is an imported crop that we have adapted to
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conditions here. with us and we realized that it grows very well here and that we have the right conditions for it. sort of since the movie a bank you know with the help of gene technology we slowly improve the soybeans. but today we have varieties specifically developed for our region. there's also you know. we pay a visit to an agricultural trade in look us the real betty in the state of much across so. soybeans have made a number of farmers rich here including a tough ya know piece that. had a pick in the you can. i had a small farm in rio grande into so. i had 15 hector's.
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i drove here with a small truck to help my uncle who was moving here. i was young and very enthusiastic. and i thought i could make a good future for myself here. i was lucky and many different things came together i was in the right place in the right time for you exactly when the world began asking for more protein and food i had a dream an unusual dream almost a fantasy. really unfortunately reality has proved even better than my dreams. it's even pretty and my company has 270000 hectares under cultivation. i. have publicly listed the company and sold 70 percent of its stock and now i am a shareholder and advisor. once a year. they're going to seal in told him he said he's. in brazil and in the entire southern hemisphere so i
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used to spearhead of a new model of capital production called agribusiness soyuz a standardized green which has become a commodity it's the same all over the world it's easy to grow in a very large scale. here in brazil some of our soil farms cover 240000 hectares. yallop think mirror kind of the global market is controlled by only 5 companies bungler monsanto a.d.m. cargill and dreyfus. they speculate with the prices speculate with stocks and manipulate the market. pave managed to transform soy into the main ingredient in animal feed. pig feed cow feed then chicken feed that means that soil is now a very important raw material in human nutrition. the world has become one
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giant pig stye corporations use soya as if it were the only food we have a. world. we have the same seats the same microclimate both the same trading companies the same price setting mechanisms the same players or it's a very homogeneous production system even though it's very very 1st and it's information in 3 radically different systems than the social service it's a production system that generates its own homogeny in order to be able to attend this global market. and in this region that produces mainly come from other countries. but some of
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them come from russia grosso and patton our. local people have also started planting us. yeah maybe they've realised that it's good business. but most of the people who plant so i come from abroad. they also use a lot of machinery and those machines take our jobs that were maggie may like she did our hardly any people work in those fields. business so more work for local people and why you changing that was not the plantations hire a few to drive tractors jack up are now back. here but apart from that they do all the work themselves you and your family you should be a she was coming up to get you fired up about. this building houses the sumter am farm workers union.
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local people are benefiting very little from the soil. smallholder farmers can't compete with the industrial farming operations which can produce more efficiently. but. what have you got there soybeans no there's no so here. you know you hear some of them. our products aren't worth anything. only the big farms can make money. on the small ones can you not think. you can try to plant corn and then where are you going to sell it you know. in the end there's no profit to be had in. the markets only for big growers if you want to
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plant soil you need big machine tractors we can't afford that kind of equipment. soit is not made for small holders it's that simple. that. i'm going to just brothers about that we have a lot of different ways to fight past and down all those pasts end up in our fields so when we plant beans now we end up with nothing. they use pesticides and the insects and up in our fields. we can't do anything about it. but. we used to plant beans and would fill 2 entire sacks of them it's true. now we've stopped planting. the pests from the land that belongs to the rich people come here and destroy our seeds. get it back. in the united
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states in china can't they just destroy their own forests to plant soybeans. why do they have to come to brazil and exploit our resources offered africa like africa has plenty of forest one of they go there maybe they don't work hard enough or they have more nurse my mother. whom has in fact reached africa mozambique is nearly 10000 kilometers from brazil but brazilian companies are moving in trying to secure vast tracts of land for soybean farming. the agribusiness project is being promoted by the pro savanna program for the brazilian farmers are going to africa because most beaks government is leasing land at a very cheap price to create new plantations. mozambique is giving brazilian farmers
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a $6000000.00 hector area 3 times bigger than $38.00 and almost for free it's going to be a lease that will allow for the cultivation of soy cotton and corn mainly for the chinese market. but we have seen it. we are company human rights activist jeremy as well join us on a visit to the not carla region a lot of land here is slated to go to the brazilians. are you doing good and you. fine my friend thank you and. yeah very good point time. just ran. yes it rained a lot we might have a good harvest this year and the next one. but i think that's maybe the community thought ok.
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we don't have enough land here and. we already have conflicts among ourselves. if investors calm the conflict will become worse. most of the land belongs to the people of mozambique. we're not against development. but we believe that the community should be consulted despite what our government says we don't eat soy beans we eat our local crops and. we gave the government some advice before implementing the project i mean that they need to involve local farmers. and what happened instead is that meetings were not public and not at the district or at the national level. we've been threatened and intimidated. many farmers are facing criminal charges but i mean what i look at what i'm.
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saying so you believe the process of anna is not helping farmers and we. know it is not good for us. is a joint program involving mozambique japan and brazil it's official goal is to promote development in the region one. point in civic organizations investigated the situation and we realised that it was an umbrella project designed to pave the way for big investors and agribusiness giants and. anyone who was interested in taking control of water land and natural resources and they call it a corridor or mozambique. local farmers were displaced.
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just yesterday and 5000000 people in the region have been affected. but. you've even then this others you don't consider going to see you know what. this says is this your land because of this land you want to occupy because this is just a declaration you do not have a certificate for land use this is only a statement about where you live. yet specifies where your community lives and operates but the certificate does not have human rights to use the land that's why you have to be careful someone else could have laid claim to a land use certificate. the community needs to fight to get the proper documentation up and if we don't deal with the situation it might soon be too late but that's about. 2016 opponents of the president a program organized a major protest they succeeded in convincing the government to suspend it.
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and one thing wanted to import for a long time mozambique's government implemented its policies without any outside input and now they finally been challenged by an opposition movement. by a farm workers who said that this is not the way to promote agricultural development you know if you move it you know they showed that it is possible to resist to protest and to say no you. know with theirs are supposed to was you are the ones who are sustaining this country. 90 percent of the food that we eat in mozambique is produced by small farmers not by big companies or by projects from brazil or who knows where. we have to be very careful with these big projects they come here and promise all kinds of things but when
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these projects end what do they do they leave. they move somewhere else to pursue other goals whatever the market demands. despite some small successes in places like mozambique around the world meat consumption continues to soar and with it the saw industry. in brazil new plantations are concentrated in the amazon region. president both scenarios policies are posing an additional threat to this fragile ecosystem. well it's been through. this is a map of the amazon region where the side of everything in red is land that's been deforested it makes up 19 percent of the rain forest. this area which begins in radon year is known as the ark of deforestation. 62 percent of this area is soybean monoculture. another 6 percent are mixed crops but even that
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includes a lot of soybean. was coming. taking rain forests and plowing that into so i mean monoculture turns up an awful lot of carbon that has been stored in the soil stored in in the forests so that that those vast monocultures and met a lot of greenhouse gases just in turning it over the 1st time but then every time we're plowing you have the emissions from the ira cultural machinery itself and then you have the emissions of crushing the soybeans processing it and shipping them back to china it's an enormously energy intensive. process. in the context of climate change how do we reduce our drug cultural footprint in landscapes and then have carbon sequestration clearance and tropical rain forests
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for either pasture or. large scale monocultures has has an enormous climate implication in terms of release of carbon from those in co systems and in the case of industrial monocultures to make them i could make those nutrient core soils productive for farming require earth very considerable fertilizer you know but as you look what's happening here in brazil is a crime an agricultural crime to plant soya in this tropical humid region you have to bring fertilizer here from china. and nitrogen and phosphate from who knows where. not you but i am a produce it was think that as the odai of us the soil here does not have enough of those elements. think that as you force far too little say on this is a mistake it's throwing nature out of balance. and it's destroying biodiversity in this area. by goes here in the southern amazon in model grow so you can drive
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200 kilometers without seeing any other crop plants all you see is soil and there are no people either because so it displaces people to. you know then my see empty . will the rich biodiversity of the region be replaced by so i monoculture. we're importing $20000000.00 tonnes of additives each year nitrogen fertilizers pesticides. brazil has become the world's largest consumer of pesticide in brazil consumes 20 percent of the world's past aside production. it's absurd we consume an average of 5 liters of pesticide per person in rural areas it's an average of 15 liters per hectare. there's no university department of agriculture
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anywhere in the world that says you need 15 leaders of pesticides to grow one hectare of soybeans. easy leave the given to. today so i plantations in brazil already cover an area the size of germany. yields a high in part thanks to heavy use of pesticides. these are the beans we've just harvested. do you eat them. they eat you no no i prefer not to we sprayed them with the various products. we have to wait a while before eating them. it's very bitter we are do you want to try one.
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animal feed destined for china's pork chicken and beef industry the trade war with the u.s. has also encouraged china to buy its soil from brazil. it makes no sense to take these soybeans for a model grocer or put them on a truck and drive 3000 kilometers to a port and travel another 20000 kilometers on board a ship to reach another port in china and then travel another 2000 kilometers pry train until they reach a factory farm where the soil is used to feed chickens. saw is rich in protein and cheap the ideal animal feed for industrial livestock farming around the world. as a result of globalization brazil is destroying its rain forest to grow soybeans.
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this saw ends up on the other side of the world in chinese pig farms and european ones. china has announced plans to consummate consumption in huff by 2030. not long ago a swine fever outbreak killed vast numbers of pigs in china. but in the long term production is likely to rise again. china's rising middle class is unlikely to lose its taste for meat. i do laugh they have a microchip in their ears called an ear tag yet but. now i know i mean you know we monitor them are constantly using a computer or an i pad. industrial
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slumming is growing ever more efficient things to soybean feed and the use of high tech. industrialised meat production leads to rock bottom prices. narrative the world must double its food production by 2050 as we move from 7000000000 people today to 9 to 10000000000 people central to that is rising stock production and consumption that is this inevitable force in world agriculture and that is something that i think needs to be fundamental be stabilized. it's not inevitable that human beings will continue consuming more and more animal flesh per person we don't need to be doubling food production we need to be producing food in very different ways and thinking about as a very fundamental part of reconfiguring agricultural setting and there are.
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some people are hoping to reverse this trend back in the u.s. we meet judy back to an organic farm in iowa he puts a premium on quality over quantity. for me it's obvious that we need to eat less meat and people criticize me because this is iowa and we have a lot of meat production here though so jude you can't say that you can say to me less meat but why why why who is being hurt by this if it's healthy to eat less meat than wouldn't the farmers and i would be better to produce a special kind of high quality meat than to have less animals but get paid more and i think that everybody. would be better off financially had better off health
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health wise at the end of the day but. people are afraid because of large integrated companies would lose money so. you can't save these things public. in north carolina some pick farmers are also trying to make the switch to organic but they can't match the rock bottom prices of the major produces price is the top criterion for most consumers says organic farmer calvin not trouble we want to run into the grocery store you know the super wal-mart and we want to grab something we look down on it says you know certified organic. you know and that's maybe 50 to 60 percent more than something that was grown over here. i don't want that i can afford it but you know what you still got the almighty dollar stuff in your pocket because you just saved yourself 50 percent because you bought something that who knows what they were doing to it or who knows how they were growing. saw
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a monoculture and industrialized livestock farming how long can this system of cheap meat production be sustained. let me say it this way. as our population begins to grow and grow and. one day there will be no may human beings will have a grain like they did many years ago 100 amps in which make i go wow he's going to college is i really you can pay more people with so we being corning you came with me if you want to faintest i'm just starving worrell cut out but you know. and feed the people what they can get the field of belize. somebody work for make money when they talk about we won't be the world if you want to feed the world you can be more world where grinding you care with me.
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how will i pay my randy more money. ever more people are facing this reality around the world the coded 19 pandemic is shattering millions of lines are really scared. in germany the government is reducing the amount but how are things in the places where people are struggling to survive me in germany. in 30 minutes on d w enter the conflict zone in these extraordinary times we decided to take the
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opportunity to focus on the impact that the coronavirus can to make is having on human rights around the world there are reports of invasive surveillance of authoritarian power grabs my guest is the head of human rights watch kind of thought how many limitations are people willing to accept in order to fight a threat like coronavirus conflict. in 90 minutes for d w. are they friends say wanted to be with us should steer go forward which it was the earlier belief but i'm not going to listen is the us or are they. and i mean these were really just the feelings of youth you interpreted if you wish you would go with me but he's usually what he's going to give me and i never work for roger
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almost trump him flooding your puton no where to park complementary analyzes the difficult relationship between russia and the west and between their presidents how does their rivalry and the dangers of mutual admiration affect the rest of the world to some bullies trump and putin starts august 3rd on d w. this is news and these are our top stories the united states is pulling almost $12000.00 troops out of germany more than half will be sent back to the u.s. with the rest redeployed elsewhere in europe that's under a shake up ordered by president trump. before all of the tech was.
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