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for guy stuck in berlin houses germany's parliament the building is steeped in history. and 9451 of the last great battles the world war 2 raged here the red army did everything in its power to capture the vice talk building on may 1st 945 the last defenders withdrew shortly afterwards on may 8th germany surrendered. that was 75 years ago a long time but even today the city is still full of reminders. and today i'm going to visit some of these places i would like to learn more about the end of the war here in berlin and also more about the people of that time about the victims and the perpetrators about the victors and the defeated well join me in the search for traces here in the capital. take

a look at the building where the german family signed the surrender. visit the epicenter of the security and terror of her actors off the 3rd reich. and go down into berlin's underworld the ruins of a bunker in one but kind of hard. to see the inside of the thai stock building you have to register online 1st. the best way to learn about the building and its history is to take a tour. i'm meeting the buddhist talks historian if it comes 1st he shows me the library with all the minutes of the coolness talks from 949 to the present day. on these tables the

ballots are counted after each vote. this painting is dedicated to german history and it doesn't gloss over the nazi period. but what significance does this building have in the nazi era. in essence none. after the reichstag fire in february 1933 the building could no longer be used for anything official but even though the fire only damaged the interior of the chamber of deputies the side wings like the one we're in now were still in working order and exhibitions were held in them which. were then in the very last phase of the 2nd world war a maternity ward was set up down here so babies were actually born here as using kinda thing. that i start building might not have had much significance for the nazis but the soviet union saw it as the most important symbol of nazi germany. was

missing for just imagine after the battle of stalingrad josef stalin had a slogan painted on all his missiles in white paint. for the reichstag the high stark traces of the war can still be seen today. after the victory of the soviet soldiers immortalized themselves with graffiti on the walls usually with the date the city of the soldier came from and their own main. point here and here in this box you see a message it says for lenin god you have paid in full. he forged in dispute start. the battle of berlin changed the cityscape whole streets were destroyed and later rebuilt well here's a little insight into the last days of the war and impression of what has changed since then.

by april 9452 and a half 1000000 soviet troops had arrived at the edges but. they advanced street by street building by building in what was a brutal battle. countless soldiers and civilians lost their lives the city too was brought to its knees. the allies had attacked berlin from the air over $300.00 times dropping a total of $45500.00 tons of bombs. in the postwar years the villainess rebuilt this city they connected mountains of rubble from the ruins into artificial hills such as the bunker back in homer time and the toughest . modern architecture has given the city a new face but many of the original buildings have been restored including the

museum ident and the berlin cathedral. because of the her memorial church in the western part of the. city center stands as a reminder of the bombing of berlin. it's been preserved in its ruined condition to serve as a memorial against war and to structure and. other important commemorative sites include the soviet war memorial and to top park. on the military cemetery on hash tag which pays tribute to about 3600 members of the royal air force most of them were killed during the raids on berlin airmen from gratian australia canada and new zealand. like feel at this as he's been in has been powerfully shaped by its history.

in their graffiti the soviet soldiers refer to the stock building as hitler slayer but the dictator had sought refuge in a different building located near brandenburg gate on the village toss in an air raid shelter called the fruit had been built underneath the garden of the old device chancellery. this is where hitler committed suicide on april 30th 945 only in the information board stance here to mark the site the bunker was partly demolished after the war the rest was buried. hitler died here and it's really hard to imagine today what happened back there and if you're interested and you want to know more about it you can take a look at the replica of hitler's room in the berlin story bunker.

as the battle of palin rage to have a head i don't hitler killed himself in a room like this the replicas in the burning story bunker provide an impression. of the dictator's final days. the exhibition in a bunker on how to display is the downfall of the 3rd. and film documents. it aims to educate not glorify the past. and equipped with this will never become a place of pilgrimage for the far right we tell the story and expose the myths it shows the far right that there's nothing great here just a dictator who committed suicide people come here because they want to be educated about history just wanted orders in to be. hitler lived with his companion a 5 pound in the bunker under the chancellery for 2 months. you had no hoof survived the end of the 2nd world war in the field. the last nerve center of

the 3rd. as a 15 year old member of the league of german girls she was here was a volunteer caring for the wounded behind the meter think walls as the red army closed in the side. of above the war raged but down below there was dead silence. you heard nothing of the bombs down there one casualty after another was carried in most of them seriously wounded many of them died. in the bunker also saw this man in person propaganda minister as if gerbils who deployed pictures and videos of his family to make life in wartime appear harmless under dimmick. goes delivered a big speech to us telling us to hold out until the final victory then he went and killed himself and his family. a minister who poisoned his children and a dictator who shot himself to escape responsibility for his crime that is the

history of the favorable. in berlin car tossed far from the city center the german van marked sign unconditional surrender on may 8th 1945 today the historic site houses the german russian museum exhibition curator funk shows me what's called the surrender room. why is this museum so far off the beaten track yet here it is and why did the well the soviet set up their headquarters in this building in april 945. the building hadn't been completely destroyed and it was a distinguished looking space that seemed appropriate for the signing of the surrender went and what i see here is that all original or has it been recreated. you know kind of well as you just guessed the furnishings are not the originals. they were

brought to this museum in the 1960 s. . the flooring the lamps and chandelier are the originals from the 1940 s. . that's right do you have the original surrender documents. you know now i'm going to i look back i know the originals of the surrender agreement are kept in the military are carbon fiber book and that's where they'll probably stay. but we have had high quality reproductions made that look quite authentic. these are just simple copies in a glass case as you can see there's an american or english version a russian and a german version of the surrender agreement. and that's unlikely. so what was it like when the agreement was signed here. because i'm just ready for it as we know that overall it was

a relatively formal ceremony. but as we have lists of how much hard liquor and other alcoholic beverages were consumed at the banquet that followed. it was quite a bit of one of us bashing on players. the museum covers the nazi regime swore of annihilation against the soviet union which claimed an estimated $25000000.00 lives on the soviet side outside there are more exhibits on the 2nd world war including tanks from the period yet. here in the museum garden we have a number of tanks as well as how it says and it had to show a rocket launcher. the reason we have them is that all of this here has been used as a museum since 967 at 1st by the soviet forces in east germany. they were the 1st to set up a museum here and these heavy elements in the garden were

a part of it. today the grounds including the tanks are listed monuments. around 2 months after the surrender the victorious powers met at. potsdam to reorganize europe and to decide on germany's future well today the palace is a museum and it commemorates this is a story about. on july 17th 1945 the eyes of the world's run sicilian hole funny since. the most powerful men of the time had gotten. joseph stalin harry s. truman and winston churchill. 50 not the post-war order of germany europe and the entire world was decided here you can sense the history as soon as you enter the palace the courtyard and of course the conference hall. on the tuesday confident.

meticulous care was taken the big 3 felt disadvantaged in any way even the specially built negotiating table reflects this. see everyone entered the negotiating room through his own entrance care was taken that no one had to wait for anyone else they all entered the hall at the same time to observe the protocol in this. exhibition retraces the events of 75 years ago. we have the study as with the original furnishings this was the soviet study the british and american ones have the documents papers and implements on the desks. and this historic site is presented within the broader world context. the viewer gets a sense of what was happening in the summer of 1905 and the impact of the 2nd world war which was still going on in asia for example what.

the conference crack down to 17 days. gives an impression of harmony among the natives but behind the scenes the i encourage it has already begun to take shape the berlin wall which later run only a few meters away from the palace begins it's a vonzell was the differences were so great that they could only be patched up provisionally. the cold war got its start in the ceiling and. the 2 superpowers were already facing off against one another. my next stop is the topography of terra with over a 1000000 visitors a year it's one of the best known places of remembrance in berlin the documentation center informs and educates visitors about perpetrators the people behind the nazis

regime of power and terror truly in kemah my own shows me around. could you briefly explain what i see here. this is the model of the german reich government district that's what it was even before the nazi era . is where the most important ministries were located. on the spot where we are now from 933 on was the main office of the prussians secret state police. stuff that was the headquarters of the political police the gestapo the headquarters of the s.s. the should stuff all the security service of the s.s. occupied the area where the topography of terror is located now. it all sounds very similar security service is should stuff how did they differ. i missed it what's important is that they were part of 2 different areas the word gestapo stood for

the secret state police. that was a state or government agency a police agency. the s.s. the should stuff will also existed before 933 but it wasn't part of the state it was part of the nazi party that's a very important point in a democracy a state based on the rule of law keep state institutions and party organizations separate after 933 they were in a woven here with. different organizations but with a single goal to maintain the nazis hold on power. they fought the resistance and organized deportations. so you could say that here at this location the threads all came together of many of the crimes that were committed one or 2000 kilometers away from here all. these here were the perpetrators. yes these were young people radicals who were prepared to give everything they had to ensure the success of their movement and especially germany success in the war

they saw themselves as a young radical elite. in. the submission continues outside the cellar walls of the gestapo building were excavated in the 1980 s. right behind them ran the berlin wall of which pieces remain today. months into words the end of the war a lot of people were still fighting including older people or very young ones even though the situation was already hopeless why did they do that. there was anyone who tried to resist who refused to take part face the real risk that they'd be sentenced to death by a special court and then executed. but another very important question is what did they see as the alternative. here in berlin the soviet union the red army they were the liberators. but many berliners didn't see them as a realistic option for many berliners the soviets were something they've been

taught to fear something they've been taught was the mortal enemy. the nazis persecuted detained tortured and murdered millions of people especially jews and many places in berlin today commemorate the jewish victims of the nazi regime. has a long jewish tradition stretching back to the 13th century in the 1920 s. some 170000 jews lived in the city after 983 many were forced to emigrate or fled from the nazis around $55000.00 jews were killed in the shoah the holocaust the nazi regime's mass annihilation of european jews. the holocaust memorial only the brandenburg gate commemorates this genocide a field of concrete blocks of varying heights all reminiscent of a wave the abstract installation aims to evoke

a sense of contemplation. since the memorials are important for understanding and for compassion for a time i mean the generation after me i'm 18 now the generation after may need to understand how terrible this was even though they didn't experience it directly so nothing like this will ever happen again. there are more than 1600. stumbling stones small memorial scattered throughout the city in front of the former homes of the victims of genocide. many jews once lived close to the center of berlin near the new synagogue ringback at the time it was one of germany's biggest and most important jewish houses of worship it was heavily damaged in the 2nd world war. the france action was rebuilt in the 990 s. . the against jewish museum houses the largest exhibition on jewish culture in europe the eye catching architect it

features a floor plan meant to evoke a fractured star of david. the building is a labyrinth with concrete shafts leading nowhere. this installation is especially disturbing more than $10000.00 faces lies strewn across the field visitors are allowed to walk on them a reminder of the many victims of the hold. many non jewish berliners also fell victim to the war. they sought shelter from bombing raids and cellars and bunkers in home park the ruins of a gigantic flecked tower are still standing it was built to defend the city from the air raids and provide shelter to civilians in the area. guided tours are held from april to october in the winter baths live in the ruins of the bunker.

under the entrance to the structure was in what's left of this massive door frame. the original doors weighed about a ton to make the entrance bomb proof and above all gas proof. 3 flak towers were completed in berlin in the tear garden and for parks and here in park they resemble massive fortresses. this is the basic design of above the big heavy anti-aircraft guns were mounted on the corners and sides they were smaller caliber guns for shorter. the fence on the narrow sides there were the huge doorways where civilians and material deliveries entered the building. the shelter had room for as many

as 40000 people but as the last battles reached up to 60000 people are believed to have squeezed in when the air raid sirens wailed berliners had 15 minutes to find a shelter and then the bombs came bringing down. the poles and thousands of people in this bunker what was that like. it's hard to imagine 60000 people in here the water was off the toilets were stopped up off and there were 2 or 3 people sitting on every step on the stairway extending down 6 floors cowering in fear for their lives. together with the civilians many soldiers were also accommodated in the home. the guns were so big it took $22.00 anti-aircraft assistance to operate them since all the adults soldiers were at the front or had already fallen only children were left to fire the cannons. we talked to a lot of them and one really captured it. he said we could fire the biggest can in

the air force had ever made but we couldn't go to the late show at the cinema because we were just kids. after the war 3 attempts were made to demolish the flak tower but only part of it caved in the berliners soon piled the rubble from their own room building surrounded now the area is covered with trees. the top offers a great view of the city. well the flak towers did not stop the allies they won the war and the vide of berlin into 4 zones of occupation and the american sector was in the southwest of the city and there's the elop museum that's my last stop for today. during the post war era the lifes of the american forces stationed to berlin centered on clay i believe this is where the g.i.'s shopped played sports and went to the movies. the outpost theater is now

a listed building and part of the l. ike museum. exhibition covers the history of the western allied powers in berlin. and it begins with the arrival of the american british and french occupation forces in 1945 and ends with a ceremonial departure of all the elyse in 1904. among the highlights is want the british transport planes that kept west berlin supplied during the soviet blockade of berlin in 1949. despite this plan to build starting in 1953 by the american and british secret services to tap into soviet telecommunication lines in east berlin. and.

the war was a long time ago and yet there are still many places in the city where you can learn about this dark time and i got to say i've learned a lot and i hope you get to. see an x. time here at check in. see. above. the a. journey

. through the days at the desert i thought about it was rainy and the abuse i didn't want to believe it when i saw it for myself and i almost went crazy. they were exploited and abused and forced into prostitution. for many refugees

the journey to ends with death. 50 d.w. . a duel with words. where i come from the we don't want a way from a confrontation. but i was 5 years old my father took me to his friends and i was told on the spot to. a sport that you love soul enters your soul. the fencing as a language and a good source for it is a conversation it. must leave your opponent to understand the thinking middle of the men to get close otherwise you can score a hit. it's not unlike a tough interview really when interviewing politicians or culprits c.e.o.'s you have to wait for the right moment just to get around that defensiveness then make

your own feel. yes i'm taking risks to get results. i've got alphas and i work at g.w. . life on earth matters are coming to an end. but try to get to a coincidence. that sam previously said earth was just a messy chemistry lab i thought mission the son of. one of the improbable but the truth it also was the creation of our solar system which our planet is a bit like winning the lottery that up there is a little bit of a good. one for earth more unique start september 18th on t.w. . frank

food. international gateway to the best connection self in road and rail. located in the heart of europe you are connected to the whole world. experience on . standing shopping and dining offers triallists services. be our guest at frankfurt airport city managed by for. this is do the view news and these are our top stories huge crowds gathered in washington d.c. to march in support of racial justice on friday the 57th anniversary of martin luther king jr's iconic i have a dream speech given on the same spot the rally comes days after the police shooting of jacob blake and unarmed black man the incident has reignited tensions

over police.