search for traces here in the capital to get. in the light of climate change. for cosmic. what's in store for players. for the future. for the major cities to get insight. into. their guy stuck in berlin houses germany's parliament the building is steeped in

history. and 9451 of the last great battles of world war 2 raged here the red army did everything in its power to capture the vice talk building on may 1st 945 the last defenders withdrew shortly afterwards on may 8th germany surrendered. place. that was 75 years ago a long time but even today the city is still full of reminders. and today i'm going to visit some of these places i would like to learn more about the end of the war here in berlin and also more about the people of that time about the victims and the perpetrators about the victors and the defeated well join me in the search for traces here in the capital. i take

a look at the building where the german family signed the surrender. visit the epicenter of the security and terror of her actors off the 3rd reich. and go down into berlin's underworld the ruins of a bunker in one but kind of hard. to see the inside of it i stopped building you have to register online 1st. the best way to learn about the building and its history is to take a tour. i'm meeting the buddhist talks historian if it comes 1st he shows me the library with all the minutes of the poem was talking from 949 to the present day. on these tables the ballots are counted after each vote. this painting is dedicated to german history

and it doesn't gloss over the nazi period. but what significance did this building have in the nazi era. in essence none after the reichstag fire in february $933.00 the building could no longer be used for anything official but even though the fire only damaged the interior of the chamber of deputies the side wings like the one we're in now were still in working order and exhibitions were held in them which. were then in the very last phase of the 2nd world war a maternity ward was set up down here so babies were actually born here as he's in kinda thing. that i stuck building might not have had much significance for the nazis but the soviet union saw it as the most important symbol of nazi germany. was missing for just imagine after the battle of stalingrad josef stalin had

a slogan painted on all his missiles in white paint. for the reichstag. by stark. traces of the war can still be seen today. after the victory of the soviet soldiers immortalized themselves with graffiti on the walls usually with the date the city the soldier came from and their own main. point here and here in this box you see a message it says for lenin god you have paid in full. before shifting disputes on it. the battle of berlin changed the cityscape streets were destroyed and later rebuilt well here's a little insight into the last days of the war and impression of what has changed since then.

by april 9452 and a half 1000000 soviet troops had arrived at the edge of the lead. they advanced street by street building by building in what was a brutal battle. countless soldiers and civilians lost their lives the city too was brought to its knees. the allies had attacked pearl in from the air over $300.00 times dropping a total of $45500.00 tons of bombs. in the post-war years the villain as we built this city they connected mountains of rubble from the ruins into artificial hills such as the bunker back in homo time and the toughest. modern architecture has given the city a new face but many of the original buildings have been restored including the museum either end and the berlin cathedral. the kaiser vilhelm memorial

church in the western part of the city center stands as a reminder of the bombing of birth. it's been preserved in its ruined condition to serve as a memorial against war and destruction. of other important commemorative sites include the soviet war memorial in type to our park. and the military cemetery on health class of which pays tribute to about 3600 members of the royal air force most of them were killed during the raids on berlin airmen from britain australia canada and new zealand. like few other cities within has been powerfully shaped by its history.

in their graffiti the soviet soldiers refer to this ice talk building as hitler's lair but the dictator had sought refuge in a different building located near brandenburg gate on the village tossing an air raid shelter called the fruit had been built underneath the garden of the old device chancellery. this is where hitler committed suicide on april 30th 945 only in the information board stance here to mark the site the bunker was partly demolished after the war the rest was buried. hitler died here and it's really hard to imagine today what happened back there and if you're interested if you want to know more about it you can take a look at the replica of hitler's room in the berlin story bunker. as the battle of rage have ahead i don't hitler killed himself in

a room like this the replicas in the burning story provide an impression of the dictator's final days. the exhibition in a bunker and how to displace the downfall of the 3rd. film documenting. its aims to educate not glorify the past. and equip it with this will never become a place of pilgrimage for the far right we tell the story and expose the myths it shows the far right that there is nothing great here just a dictator who committed suicide people come here because they want to be educated about history one of the it is indeed. hitler lived with his companion a pound in the bunker and chancellery for 2 months. you had no hoof survived the end of the 2nd world war in the field. last nerve center of the high. as a 15 year old member of the league of german girls she was here was

a volunteer caring for the wounded behind the meter thick walls as the red army closed in the start. of the war raged but down below there was dead silence you heard nothing of the bombs down there one casualty after another was carried in most of them seriously wounded many of them died in the field. in the bunker you hannah who for also saw this man in person propaganda minister was if gerbils who deployed pictures and videos of his family to make life in wartime appear harmless under dinnick. goes delivered a big speech to us telling us to hold out until the final victory then he went and killed himself and his family. a minister who poisoned his children and a dictator who shot himself to escape responsibility for his crime that is the

history of the feel. in berlin caused tossed far from the city center the german very marked sign unconditional surrender on may 8th 1945 today the historic site houses the german russian museum exhibition curator funk shows me what's called the surrender room. why is this museum so far off the beaten track. and why did the well the soviet set up their headquarters in this building in april 945. the building hadn't been completely destroyed and it was a distinguished looking space that seemed appropriate for the signing of the surrender which just had what i see here is that all original or has it been recreate it. you know as well as you just guessed the furnishings are not the

originals they were brought to this museum in the 1960 s. . the flooring the lamps and chandelier are the regionals from the 1940 s. . that's right do you have the original surrender documents. you know now i'm going to i look back i know the originals of the surrender agreement are kept in the military archive in 5 books and that's where they'll probably stay. but we have had high quality reproductions made that look quite authentic. these are just simple copies in a glass case as you can see there's an american or english version a russian and a german version of the surrender agreement. and that's unlikely home. so what was it like when the agreement was signed here. because i understood well if we know that overall it was a relatively formal ceremony. but as we have lists of how much hard liquor and

other alcoholic beverages were consumed at the banquet that followed. it was quite a bit one of us bashing on players. the museum covers the nazi regime swore of annihilation against the soviet union which claimed an estimated $25000000.00 lives on the soviet side outside there are more exhibits on the 2nd world war including tanks from the period yet. here in the museum garden we have a number of tanks as well as how it says and it had to show a rocket launcher. the reason we have them is that all of this here has been used as a museum since 967 at 1st by the soviet armed forces in east germany. they were the 1st to set up a museum here and these heavy armaments in the garden were part of it.

today the grounds including the tanks are listed monuments. around 2 months after the surrender the victorious powers met its potsdam to reorganize europe and to decide on germany's future well today the palace is a museum and it commemorates this is a story about. on july 17th 1945 the eyes of the world's run sicilian home of pundits in pakistan the most powerful men of the time had gathered that joseph stalin harry s. truman and winston churchill. said 50 not the post-war order of germany europe and the entire world was decided here you can sense the history as soon as you enter the palace the courtyard and of course the conference hall. and that was to confront and. meticulous care was taken the big

3 felt dysfunction in any way even the specially belts negotiating table reflects this. you see everyone entered the negotiating room through his own entrance care was taken that no one had to wait for anyone else they all entered the hall at the same time to observe the protocol in this. exhibition retraces the events of 75 years ago. i think we have the study as with the original furnishings this was the soviet study the british and american ones have the documents papers and implements on the desks. and this historic site is presented within the broader world context. the viewer gets a sense of what was happening in the summer of 1945 and the impact of the 2nd world war which was still going on in asia for example what.

the conference tracked down to 17 days footage gives an impression of how many among the leaders but behind the scenes the eye in cutter has already begun to take shape the berlin wall which later run only a few meters away from the palace begins it's a vonzell was the differences were so great that they could only be patched up provisionally. and the cold war got its start and cecilia healthy. the 2 superpowers were already facing off against one another. my next stop is the topography of terra with over a 1000000 visitors a year it's one of the best known places of remembrance in berlin the documentation center informs and educates visitors about perpetrators the people behind the nazis regime of power and terror truly and kemet my own shows me around. could

you briefly explain what i see here. this is a model of the german riots government district that's what it was even before the nazi era. is where the most important ministries were located. on the spot where we are now from 1933 on was the main office of the prussian secret state police. stop that was the headquarters of the political police the gestapo the headquarters of the s.s. the should stuff the security service of the s.s. occupied the area where the topography of terror is located now like this it all sounds very similar security service as is should stuff how did they differ. i missed it what's important is that they were part of 2 different areas the word gestapo stood for the secret state police that was a state or government agency

a police agency. the s.s. the should stuff will also existed before 933 but it wasn't part of the state it was part of the nazi party that's a very important point in a democracy a state based on the rule of law keep state institutions and party organizations separate after 933 they were in a woven here with. different organizations but with a single goal to maintain the nazis hold on power. they fought the resistance and organized deportations. so you could say that here at this location the threads all came together of many of the crimes that were committed one or 2000 kilometers away from here all. these here were the perpetrators. yes these were young people radicals who were prepared to give everything they had to ensure the success of their movement and especially germany success in the war they saw themselves as

a young radical elite. indeed. did submission continues outside the cellar walls of the gestapo building were excavated in the 1980 s. right behind them ran the berlin wall of which pieces remain today. on these words the end of the war a lot of people were still fighting including older people or very young ones even though the situation was already hopeless why did they do that. there was anyone who tried to resist who refused to take part face the real risk that they'd be sentenced to death by a special court and then executed. but another very important question is what did they see as the alternative. here in berlin the soviet union the red army they were the liberators but many berliners didn't see them as a realistic option for many berliners the soviets were something they'd been taught

to fear something they'd been taught was the mortal enemy. for had. the nazis persecuted detained tortured and murdered millions of people especially jews many places in berlin to commemorate the jewish victims of the nazi regime. bilin has a long jewish tradition stretching back to the 13th century in the 1920 s. some 170000 jews lived in the city after 933 many were forced to emigrate or fled from the nazis around $55000.00 jews were killed in the shower the holocaust the nazi regime's mass annihilation of european jews. the holocaust memorial only the brandenburg gate commemorates this genocide a field of concrete blocks of varying heights all reminiscent of a wave the abstract installation aims to evoke a sense of contemplation. since the memorials are important for understanding and

for compassion for a time i mean the generation after me i'm 18 now the generation after may need to understand how terrible this was even though they didn't experience it directly so nothing like this will ever happen again. there are more than 1600. stumbling stones small memorial scattered throughout the city in front of the former homes of the victims of genocide who many jews once lived close to the center of berlin near the new synagogue at the time it was one of germany's biggest and most important jewish houses of worship it was heavily damaged in the 2nd world war the front section was rebuilt in the 1990 s. . today against jewish museum houses the largest exhibition on jewish culture in europe the eye catching architect who

features a floor plan meant to evoke a fractured star of david. the building is a labyrinth with concrete shots leading nowhere. this installation is especially disturbing more than 10000 faces lie strewn across the floor visitors are allowed to welcome them a reminder of the many victims of the war. many non jewish berliners also fell victim to the war. they sought shelter from bombing raids in cellars and bunkers in humble time park the ruins of a gigantic flecked tower are still standing it was built to defend the city from air raids and provide shelter to civilians in the area. guided tours are held from april to october in the winter bats live in the ruins of the bunker.

under so under the entrance to the structure was in what's left of this massive door frame. the original doors weighed about a ton to make the entrance bomb proof and above all gas proof. that the 3 flak towers were completed in berlin in the tear gotten and feebly sign parks and here in him by the time park they resemble massive fortresses. you move into all this is the basic design of above the big heavy anti-aircraft guns were mounted on the corners and sides they were smaller caliber guns for shorter range defense on the narrow sides there were the huge doorways where civilians and material deliveries entered the building. the shelter had room for as many as 40000 people but as the last battles reached up to

60000 people are believed to have squeezed in when the air raid sirens wailed berliners had 15 minutes to find a shelter and then the bombs came raining down. on the poles and thousands of people in this bunker what was that like. it's hard to imagine 60000 people in here the water was off the toilets were stopped up off and there were 2 or 3 people sitting on every step on the stairway extending down 6 floors cowering in fear for their lives. together with the civilians many soldiers were also accommodated in the home. the guns were so big it took $22.00 anti-aircraft assistance to operate them since all the adults soldiers were at the front or had already fallen only children were left to fire the cannons. we talked to a lot of them and one really captured it. he said we could fire the biggest can in

the air force had ever made but we couldn't go to the late show at the cinema because we were just kids for film. after the war 3 attempts were made to demolish the flecked tower but only part of it caved in the berliners soon piled the rubble from their own room building surrounded now the area is covered with trees. the top offers a great view of the city. well the flak towers did not stop the allies they won the war and divided berlin into 4 zones of occupation and the american sector was in the southwest of the city and there's the l. ike museum that's my last stop for today. during the post war era the lifes of the american forces stationed to berlin centered on clay i believe this is where the g.i.'s shopped played sports and went to the movies. the outpost

theater is now a listed building and part of the museum. exhibition covers the history of the western allied powers in berlin. and it begins with the arrival of the american british and french occupation forces in 1045 and ends with a ceremonial departure of all the elements in 1904. among the highlights is one of the british transport planes that kept west berlin supplied during the soviet blockade of berlin in 1949. this tunnel was planted built starting in 1953 by the american and british secret services to tap into soviet telecommunication lines in east berlin. the war was

a long time ago and yet there are still many places in the city where you can learn about this dark time and i got to say i've learned a lot and i hope you do too bye bye see you next time you're at check in.

turning trust. children germany 1945. and homeless. below is often the refuge in mark to in does toss monastery. survivors recall their experiences. the children of mine to destroy.

the sistine it on d. w. . recognize that sound. what's all the buzz. d.j. and the beekeeper why only sound records be hot. spots in his sound like how to transform their home it into electronic music insect to the beat the journalists to. the romex. such 90 minutes on d w. beethoven is for me. beethoven is for. beethoven as for helen. beethoven. beethoven

is for the. beethoven is for oz. a tough it is for the one. beethoven 202250th anniversary here long d.w. . like. all of a mug or just some of our food for the russians so. there's still. so many different walks of life. some are. awfully strong but all of them come straight from the heart to look for a c.e.o. even when there is no money delusion the march will in trucks come. from the

blog to their final resting place the russians. documentary. this is d.w. news live from berlin echoes of history as u.s. protesters ring new calls for racial justice 57 years after martin luther king jr i have a dream speech tens of thousands gather on the same spot the rally follows another shooting of a black man by police also coming up picking up the pieces after her.