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chocolate we can't seem to get enough of it each year we consume $7000000.00 tonnes of it worldwide. if. it comes in countless varieties and price ranges made by anything from small artists and all chocolate makers to the international giants that dominate the market. and the whole spectrum can be seen at confectionery trade fairs like these but the exhibitors are also here to teach children about where chocolate comes from. this is a good half you heard of ivory cruise is the biggest good producing country in the world through the cocoa through to the cocoa tree is called couples because the biggest is. we take good care of these plants. surprisingly there are a critical voices at the exhibition as well environmental organization mighty earth

is here to talk about the darker side of chocolate see them out if you've consumed kolker in the past 20 years you've publicly supported child labor and slavery so it's work in the worst condition as a dangerous chemical has shut machetes don't have to carry very heavy loan for trade. this has long been known in the chocolate industry but men. company still insists they are doing what they can to protect children and the environment. is understood and the industry acknowledges the problems like the forestation and child labor of plantations us officials i assure you it's they are working hard to improve the situation is that. over the last 10 years more and more cocoa producers have pledged to save the forests and send children to school instead of work. but are they.

the harbor of abidjan the economic capital of ivory coast the west african country produces 40 percent of the world's entire cocoa supply. the trees that it comes from grow on small remote funs. there are around 6000000 of these farms worldwide and they're mostly left to their own devices. their harvest then goes through a long supply chain of traders and manufacturers before it ends up on our shelves. i'm paul mora a french television journalist and i'm interested in the very 1st link of this change. much of the remaining rain forest in ivory coast lies in the south west about an 8 hour drive from the capital the region is known as the

country's cocoa belt. even as we approach on the main road children run away when they see our camera it's a sign we're getting close to the plantations. good why did you tell him to. run away is he working for you. know so why send him away . child labor is forbidden in ivory coast punishable by up to 6 months in prison but it's rarely prosecuted as it's shown too hard to prove. in the far west of the country the roads turn into wet muddy dirt tracks. militias patrol the area they say they're here to protect the people.

they collect money from everyone who passes through especially the cocoa trucks. it costs 100 francs to sometimes 500 if you've got a truck it's 1000 francs. this is the protected juan de forest reserve about 10 kilometers from the liberian border it used to be part of the species rich west guinea and lowland rain forest. but there's not much left of the forest or the protected animals. the land was cleared to make way for thousands of illegal cocoa plantations.

the green plants count trees the primary forest is dead. officially no one is even allowed to enter the say area without permission from the forrestal thorazine but no one is here to enforce the rules. these hidden camps a little or signs. the farmers are working illegally on land that doesn't belong to them journalists on welcome here so we don't tell them what we do. we're accompanied by a member of the name g.o.c. human rights. to go. around 40 people live in these camps in huts men and children only to play drink water from the river and eat bananas and money that they grow in the forest themselves.

if they people could count poles and cut them open with machetes all day. that it takes a lot of care and precision the shells the hard and their blades shop. the good it's the only way to extract the precious beans that is still coated in a white fleshy pulp. kind. of the tongue. the beans are left out to dry before they have bagged up and sold to a co-operative. the workers a very young about a 3rd of them

a children. 'd they're extremely poor immigrants from neighboring the keno faso. their homeland is a country plagued by drought hunger. and violence the cocoa business in ivory coast is often their only hope for survival. drum on is 13 years old he could point and she go to school if you do good why don't i go to school then well . yes you know my document dropped out. by those parents couldn't afford it anymore to. how did you end up here. ok with my older brother a lot of good that i still don't get. is the youngest in this camp who are 5 what

about you you're no school. no. no no no i don't like school. you know i need to earn money for. this forest should in theory be monitored by ivory coast's ministry of water and forests. that were using me you ever see ranges here she yeah but they leave us alone with them and. the government does have an official plan to save the rainforest they want to redistribute the land reforest some of the areas that have been destroyed and use legal farms more efficiently more than 200000 cocoa farmers are meant to receive training. but next to nothing has actually happened so far meanwhile immigrants from bikini afonso continue to arrive

to work on ivory coast illegal plantations. they come as children and stay for many years the forest becomes their prison when it sees is just one of its prisoners your parents stayed. with you so yeah and burkina faso you don't see them to develop a. i haven't seen them for 6 years but. i reckon you were 15 when you arrived here of a needed a ride rector's on one record there yes now i'm 21 a long time without your parents yet it's very painful you were born here and even back you know not one thing. we know was if you think you knew that this is the 1st year i've actually started earning money and if you does it is different as it is. it's one of the darkest secrets of these clandestine plantations people like us ceased toil for years without compensation

only later to they receive a small piece of land in return to grow their own harvest and keep any returns it yields. he can finally make some money from selling cocoa this is how the camps in guam did they operate 1st the boys work for food then for payment in kind. of. poly has also started working on his 1st small plot of land with their devoted daughter you and your boss doesn't pay you this is no no i didn't get any money at all that's not a decided i'd work you know get my own. for the clover you work for free for 6 years exactly that's slave labor. yes but that's just the way it is. this year i harvested i going to have.

a bag and a heart that's 180 kilograms which sells for $210.00 euros that's ali's new annual income. has just arrived from bikini afonso this is the start of his new life here. and then i. think someone's under your skin big can you tell me how much money he makes. for the. night that i didn't. know you all were and it developed into a period of how much. the question is making really sharp uncomfortable. i mean if i didn't think. it that way if he

works in here literacy of his own plot. ok thank you for tamara it right now he's working for free with you know he's working towards getting his own point of going imposed on it but it's all that how old are you saying good thing do you know how old you are. one of us and he doesn't know. where is your part of this thing. he was here but he was it's a decision. the city of geek love is 40 kilometers east of the forest children from bikini afonso who've been sold by their parents arrive at this bus station to be bought by plantation owners. to observe one of these transactions our n.g.o.s pretends to be a farmer he's wearing a hidden camera. he finds 2

traffic is at the station waiting for the children to arrive from bikini afonso. they target the most vulnerable ones who'd be willing to work just for food. they tell us who's in charge of this business. the next day we meet the old man as he's known here but trust me i'll find kids for you no problem where you. live i'm going to pay purposes. i'll be very happy to find children for you i'll pay you for that. i'll be happy and so you. disregard your profit i'll be a parent get 200000 francs on this i'm. just on the $200000.00 to the parents or dollar part of the church while they're below average for one of the long can they work for 34 years. to stay for 3 maybe 2. i can't pay more than 200000 don't worry they're not all the same price. or humans have

different prices. like sheep they're not on birth to say. finish your coffee and get the children. just right now of course it is ok. 200000 west african c.f.a. francs a worth roughly 300 euro. rose that's the cost of $1.00 slave for 3 years. while our guide has a coffee the old man gets a tip off that there are journalists investigating the illegal plantations because off the deal. the young workers have no idea of the dangers they face of the cocoa plantations one of the worst is invisible toxic herbicides because i know that you work in the fields. we come across a lot of children wearing big weed sprays on their backs often working without

a mask we want to find out what they're spraying. isn't that harmful for you. you know. you won't get sick no. what you pour in there. so that good that the loser doesn't have a red lead yes that was the red live meaning the boys unless. the bottles with the red lead contain weed killer it sold everywhere but what's it made off. so surprised no idea what it is it's chinese sure. to find out more about these weed killer we venture further into the forest to another illegal plantation the deeper we push the more we begin to realize why the forest is dying out and the one thing i would agree with. the ones that call.

it kills we. don't everything then you plant cocoa. yes we spray the stuff everywhere it's good to the children who work here use this product as wells even sitting member yes. it's gone for saying do you know what that is yes. we know the name but we don't know what it does we just feel we'd sent. glad to say it is a broad spectrum herbicide that kills almost full plant species and the world health organization has identified it as a probable cause an agent especially when applied without appropriate protective gear. sunbury says no one told you it might be dangerous because i know we didn't know it was wrong or possibly even as a goddess of the cold when you see the protective clothing on the packaging doesn't that make you wonder lois said we know we know protection to use this product but we don't have any. so we just make do without it if. that's how you make room to

plunk our brains while that's right so basically if you use it once the vegetation has been destroyed the cocoa can grow quickly. become of a faithful could result to you due to the trees there will want for we set them on fire. was sick. to do do we use dry wood to burn them down. to feel like you've. been you have most rights because political exactly. count trees rely on the 1st of all souls of the forest but they're also leeching them drawing. the environmental organization might documents the destruction. and there. is a way to look at how i. once kick our rice it takes over the entire forest as

a full sun monoculture masses of chemicals are sprayed all over 20 years later the ground is completely hertha list so they push deeper into the forest into the same thing again and again they just keep moving further in that's why i say the cow plant is a cannibal can't even. between 992015 over 90 percent of ivory coast's primary forests were cleared. they've mostly been replaced with could count trees. these continual deforestation is having an impact on the local and global climate less forest means less rain and without rain nothing will be able to grow here even

cocoa. as the soil dries up so does a vital source of income in the region within a week in the guan deb a forest we witnessed all the crimes the industry pledged to eradicate including slave labor child labor and the destruction of the environment. however each and every day tons of these illegal cocoa beans into the regular supply chain the people who buy them up like to keep a low profile but we find a trading post at the edge of the forest that buys both legal and illegal produce these bags stored here come from at least 40 different farmers. and there's no marking on the bags to say where they came from their opened in the beans are all mixed together completely impossible to track.

one of the biggest cooperatives in the region cooper webb used to work under the fair trade label. displaying this logo means taking a stand against child labor and deforestation. in 2017 cooper we have had it certification suspended was there cocoa being grown in the protected rain forest. that that's ok micio. we have hardly any business partners in the classified rain forest and the number is marginal. is it safe to go to said it when these trucks arrive with dozens of bags like these are you sure none of them come from the areas where child labor all deforestation and taking place let's be honest we saw child labor everywhere within

the classified zone outside the zone everywhere you did as the old order as the buffer to. the table that's a suitable mostly is a bucket depends what you call child labor a man who takes his kids to the field on sundays is that child labor. oh no that's not child labor just assume that's because. you know what i'm going from bikini afonso who's been here 5 years of all that's child labor raiola i mean normal. normal so far i haven't heard of any such cases of children working for one of our partners. to callao can you be sure and we inspect our producers every year. to the supply chain for chocolate is anything but transparent what exactly happens between the forest and now supermarkets. that's at the cocoa you process where does it go how does it work

who's buying this next quarter's. exporters. like mislay. so it's export us from ivory coast. to. the cooper web manager won't tell us who he sells to we come back in the evening and to drive us spills the beans. yes. they both yes. it's kick our beans to congo a giant us conglomerate. trades agricultural commodities among other things. it's an intermediary that silk cocoa on to the chocolate makers whose products we see in our supermarkets many people haven't even heard the name before.

surprisingly we managed to get an interview with congo they usually prefer to stay under the radar. i keep vulgarly still the cocoa 2 that you get from my very cost to many big companies i'm not exactly sure nestle mars' legal action and some others and i do it. without knowing it most of his the reason cocoa products supplied by congo the company promises that it's appliance clean cocoa but we have our doubts we confront the manager and his p.r. officer with our images. only has 2 kids and we only stayed for a few days and we saw children on the roadside working with machetes and weeding with dangerous herbicides. that's terrible you should already know about the ideas on false he says c c c when it's a child labor is something we do our best to prevent within the certified co-operative organisations that are at the heart of our sustainable development is

the network. for sustainable hoka we offer a 50 percent premium cycle compared to the price of conventional green does it get us into it so 50 percent goes to the cooperative who you know you have the cash to visit local physics the boss are you sure the money is being redistributed. even the cooperative is run by a well trained people it's all for me. our system works so please just imagine. we're committed to quality. the promise commits is to make a difference to them in return for the 50 percent premium. these cooperatives a supposed to actively improve the daily lines of farmers by building schools for instance this is a promise that cooper webb has also committed to. it is it hard to verify when children are being forced into labor so we have to build

a school this year and one of our sections in the 6 year. oh you do for cooper went for cooper web. site when. you had i think well the location has already been chosen but we'd rather keep it confidential and next year if you come here i'll show you where you know i was already here i hope it'll be there you know it will be there and she. was wise in the location secret nothing's been built. because he's lying that he didn't tell the truth seems so that was the. feel me i can't promise that things are running better in our industry than elsewhere to sebastopol and. also pledged to no longer destroy the rain forest to grow cocoa they promised that by the year 2030 there would be 0 d. forestation in a supply chain. for a station is

a key issue for us as without the forest there's no rain and without rain we have no. chocolate one of the. things that sounds wonderful that you do business in one of the most of the forested places in west africa yes it's very difficult. for a station in ivory coast between 116 and 2010 was 90 percent and when we arrived in 2010 that figure was already 80 percent did tweet this things need to change the force. sure. how can you be sure that the cocoa superwomen selling it doesn't come from the classified forest. which is basically a lawless zone where unspeakable things are happening. or was ever since then we've implemented our reliable system that enables us to identify the producers we're working with i think you would have a young officer politically or g.p.s.

tags with a barcode on. it. we collect all this and a database which allows us to link the product to the producer and he as it applies to. this system is mentioned on candles web site bar codes on cocoa bags a scanner with satellite connection that offers state of the art g.p.s. traceability the problem is this footage is from ghana not ivory coast. i'm sorry but i spent a week in this area i didn't see a single bag with a barcode cooper where they didn't have a single one but the so that information doesn't match what i have here at all because. we asked the cooper web manager about the possibility of using technology to identify the farmers and track the bags. they pull up a wall so how can we know whether it actually comes from the classified or we need

a g.p.s. position is good but who can help us with that the state has to do that he said. you know how they do it in ghana you can ghana they're facing the same issues each bank has a barcode with a g.p.s. identification that links it to the producer you can work like that could you make it happen simply mushy we've got so full of if they can do it in ghana we should be able to do it here on the ground but. i didn't get a confirmation about these parker maybe it's the old system but it's definitely certified. we're talking about the worst practices here no doubt we're not perfect i'm not saying that we've found the perfect solution but we are trying. after the interview we receive an angry message from cargo they checked and have to admit we were right there are no bar codes on the bags from the go on debbie forest but they

assure us that 99 percent of farmers are registered and everything should be straightened out within a year. because the problem with this was that still does all these disciplines deforestation slave labor child labor it all comes down to one thing traceability without traceability law it's almost or it's all in the shadows we don't know the root of it accountable everyone is hiding as soon as we know who sells the flight tomorrow night when where and how then all of a sudden we have something that works we can people accountable for this child and particularly for this case displayed wherever they are just before a station and so we can fix the problem traceability is the key to everything. we also want to explore be areas of ivory coast where cocoa is being grown illegally rather than on secret plantations in the classified rain forest. in 2012 ivory coast's government launched its 1st national action plan to crack

down on child labor its 3rd and latest plan has expanded to include issues such as supply chain traceability and illegal plantations in the classified forests and its allocated a little over 100000000 euros for the daunting task. may assume works for one of the ngos that implement the program at the local level in new york dora said. to go ahead of a role is to help children who are in trouble featured a program for the sort of the future children who are being abused who are sent. slaven wear your cocoa plantations. those are the ones we're here to help and also for the full. for me for my work with the ministry of family to raise awareness in these villages about the child exploitation that takes place within cocoa farms and to move this. to.

children in ivory coast often help their parents out in the fields on the weekends that's not illegal kwame is targeting the families who don't even send their children to school. he works for a small in geo funded by international donors he himself used to work as a buyer for the cocoa cooperatives so he understands why the farmers rely on their children's help. because they help you to pick up the parts that fall right. yes they pick up the pods that's a good example you need to understand these children shouldn't be doing this work actually take it up off. the floor and i just feel that if cocoa farming paid well everybody who could afford to send their kids to school that isn't it usually when i explain to them that children need to go to school they tell me they love that but they simply can't afford it isn't it by the way because if it were farmers with

4 or 5 children and no money to put them through school they don't know what else to do. the only way to put children through school on a cocoa farmers salary is to make sacrifices elsewhere. mr song who has been working in the cocoa business for 30 years he's very proud of his son who will soon go to college he helps his dad during the school vacations. so you're studying that's right what's something to do for. i'm going to start history this year i just graduated from high school and i'll continue my studies at college. say that jewish in fees is very difficult that's why it's wonderful that they can manage the 1st installment of the cocoa earnings will only last for 2 months. there is nothing left.

next to get lewis his little brother he doesn't go to school or school anymore he's dad had to make a choice it was either good or his brother. i don't have enough money like last year we need 700 francs a day. $0.75 a month that's not enough to sawston and to poor. well you know. we work our fingers to the bone we have nothing left to give there's no money my children help me out where they can. go to school. not anymore. if your dad could afford it would you rather go to school work or. the chocolate industry turns over more than $100000000000.00 euros

a year meanwhile it's estimated that an average cocoa farmer earns less than one euro a day. would raising the price of cocoa beans put an end to child labor. could the solution really be that simple that's a question we wanted to put to the representatives of the chocolate industry. we travel to devils a small town in switzerland that's known for hosting large international business events every 2 years swiss chocolate manufacturer barry kobo invites the cocoa industries leaders to the conference shock of his young since 2012 they've declared

it they goal to end the abject poverty in cocoa producing countries. bury kobo notified us by email that we were not welcome at the event we go along anyway in the hope of meeting some people we can talk to after all they claim to promote transparency. but the hotel security has strict orders oh. yeah no fear. out of the hotel let's us work please no. no. if you don't. find. a color that is searching for the police. we stay on the side of. the minister a question please. since it's a former minister from ghana almost talks to us but is quickly led away we starting

to become a nuisance so they send us someone to interview as long as we promise to leave afterwards it's cameras the problem no it is i mean camera is the problem that doubles the fact that you bridgeable we're not allowing any additional journalists on the one step here already. is going to listen let's agree you're going to send me your questions and i'm going to reply to issue in this question. the burning question is why is nothing changing back in 2001 the big chocolate makers committed to in child labor that was almost 20 years ago. trade isn't manufacture is set up the long be group world cocoa foundation that was supposed to improve conditions but social and environmental simple solutions. are very hard to find for something as complicated as the child labor thing we all agree that the solution of paying more to the growers has been implemented yet. we

are looking at ways to scale up approaches to how farmers can improve their income 18 years of. years to lucan what you going to do in the future and nothing is done nowadays efficiently to stop poverty. i would i wouldn't say that nothing is being done now as i mentioned before we have companies that are committed to paying premiums to farmers. to help them increase their income levels the cocoa business altogether every year is a $100000000000.00 worth and that growers get 6 percent of it i think it's enough what if what i can say is that this is not unusual for commodities if you think of cotton i mean how much does a cotton farmer get compared to how much we pay for a pair of jeans or another article of clothing that is made from cotton so it's this is not something that's specific to cocoa ok so we're meeting in 20 years and

see what's going on ok every 20 years and. only sooner than that police sooner than that. the power doesn't rest soley in the hands of the chocolate makers what about the law makers chocolate is a widely consumed product in europe. so we pay a visit to the european parliament in brussels astoundingly there is no sanction for illegal practices within the cocoa supply chain. heidi how to an m.e.p. from finland has regular meetings with manufacturers. having your. internal 3rd of the workers there are children oh yes it's a tragedy. but we are busy preparing an action plan on what to do with cocoa so that would not anymore cause the forestation and child labor and what is really very remarkable is that more and

more companies are saying that we need this mandatory due diligence of negation we need low informant times you would have said that companies are masochistic that they are asking for a lot yes but they have what they want what they call a level playing field because they don't want to be irresponsible and then they see that the irresponsible companies are reaping the profits you know for a cheap price so that's the question because to be responsible may cost. a little more. than i dealt well if i may i would just like to show you an example that of course there is this kind of fancy side of the industry but there's not a word about these huge human rights issues and environmental issues that are hidden in the supply chain chocolate so i was invited to this reception but i just couldn't go because this is not honest simple question. more i don't have

a good answer to that everybody who works on the problems of cocoa say that yes you can you can maybe. you can coming to terms with. the forestation and there is a deep deep question of living wage is i think it's a terrible thing that we can taste these fancy chocolates here in brussels but then a simple worker in it called people are probably did not even taste of it because it's too expensive it's a luxury product out of their rates so leaving ways he said. so simple if they had just a little more money then more of their children could go to school back in ivory coast in the village of troy or to cocoa farmers or investing the little money they make in their children's future they've all chipped in to hire a teacher 200 children attend this class who.

are there are. right and we see children going to the fields with other parents to send them to school instead we take kids between the ages of 6 to 9 how do you get paid. i get paid each month. by the parents group by the parents fail to chip in yes the state doesn't contribute you know. because the state can't afford to hire teachers in poor remote areas like this. that's right. in 2019 ghana and ivory coast joined forces and decided to set the price of cocoa themselves the way opec countries do for oil. exporting countries have

demanded the industry pay 30 percent more to the farmers that only translates into $0.30 per family per day but it's hopefully one small step towards a bigger change. kick off. ghost town atmosphere means listless clay shaw from the. likes of guns and elemental is fighting the senseless. non-stop excitement of the final match to. the seagull highlands should go. down to minutes on d. w. . here on the road in the usa meeting people across the country listening to their

hopes and their worries looking with them towards elections. native americans are one of the most under-represented groups in the country and low voter turnout is one of the reasons why we'll move up with members of those cota truck for trying to choose to watch our report on g.w. news. parasailing the saudi consulate. that will never be. connected to the highest levels of government. why do journalists. have to die. lists red cards for. the reasons are still unclear the big. player starts september 30th on t.w. .

the be played. this is due to be a news live from berlin remembering the victims of a global pandemic the corona virus is now officially claimed more than a 1000000 lives it is a tragedy spreading across nearly 200 countries. with the family left leaving. also coming up donald trump prepares for the 1st presidential t.v. .