join our discussion stuart 1230 to see. i'm not laughing at the well because sometimes i am but mostly i'm laughing with you but i haven't they think into the german culture of. new jersey we take this grandma fail you because it's all about who know i'm rachel join me for me to get on the golf course. i'm up this is lance sky high it's also an inner landscape the launch of the viewer sandwiched between 2 the idea of home. coming up with a home can be something quite wonderful it can be custom dialects idiosyncracies.

what is home and what makes a home home gemini's been reunified for 30 years we might be anniversary by exploring the german concept of hi mom hi. and. no crew has lived in the us for almost 20 years she's an illustrator and russia and a professor at a new york on school. we met in berlin at the plugs and see memorial center for victims of the nazis. to be german has always been to feel a sense of guilt and awareness of things on sit in the future like many germans and i grew up knowing that members of my family had been. soldiers but you weren't

allowed to mourn to acknowledge loss it was only when i read letters written by the brother of my paternal grandfather which were very emotional and i have to say she wasn't a supporter of nazi ideology. that i allowed these feelings to come out for the 1st time ever. belonging a german reckons with history and harm has been translated into numerous languages and won a number of awards in it she unearths a story of her grandfather and an uncle who was only a teenager when he died in the war. isn't interested in concepts of guilt victims and perpetrators but in the masses who didn't rise up against the nazi regime and thereby in able to its crimes the fellow travellers. firstly because they were in the majority and secondly because it's such a vague term there were some fellow travelers who helped jewish people and saved

their lives but then there were others who committed horrendous atrocities and in a way they're the ones who make us most uncomfortable because they're the ones we most identify with. nora kroeber takes over readers on a journey into her family's past starting with her own experience of facing hostility as a german. and the shame she felt the 1st time she met a holocaust survivor in new york she put on an accent to cover up the german news. and the growing urge she felt to investigate her own family's role in the war. whenever she visited germany she would trawl through flea markets on the hunt for clues to the past photographs postcards documents anything that gave her insight into the nazi era and help to understand what it means to be chairman today.

it's been 2 i grew up with german culture i was raised in germany i grew up speaking german and of course that gave me a very deeply rooted understanding of what a home. even though i live in the us and these days i'm more at home there than i am in germany when i visit germany i would never refer to the us as home. even though it's where most of my friends are. because to me home is closely tied to my childhood home a. place that defined you at an early age. to me that's an important part of the concept of tired of homework because. nora talk to her family and collected everything she could find from letters to school exercise book that once belonged to her uncle to her horror one of his essays was titled the jew as a poisonous mushrooms testaments to the nazis racist ideology and how it infiltrated

the classroom. she collected everything she found in a sort of scrap book juxtaposing the stories she heard and the documents she found with her own illustrations inspired by family nor such as the moment her father's family was informed of the death of the firstborn son franz carr was 18 when he was shot in italy describes a conversation with her father's cousin how memories came pouring out of her like ice melting. home and she discovered is not necessarily something positive it's a concept in extra could be tied up with the responsibility that we all have as inheritors of our country's pasts. because. the term. home changes as society changes and in the course of time everybody should be able to decide for themselves what it means. that was the reason why the book was called high. in germany before it's

a loving attempt to reach out to germany but at the same time it's a commitment to keep examining the past and commitments ultrasound of one's. own says nora kroeger means carrying the burden of history but it's also a longing for songs landscapes the bits and pieces of a life it's both terrifying and wonderful. in berlin they're still warner original section of the girl and while remaining i knew it personally from my days as an east german border guard i was 18 at the time and i pledged to oath to defend my communist homeland but after a few months i refused to perform armed service was demoted and experienced the fall of the wall locked up in the barracks i hated to walk yet i also awaited the friends that followed the show from one contrived homeland to another being

essentially the next was something i considered wrong and dangerous and jet even after 30 years of a reunified germany i'm thrilled that a piece of the wall is still standing. a friend of mine urban archaeologist startled concert after to tell terse about it. as for months as the sum able to sense that this is a bit of a special place i think that's true though it has a kind of aura folks come here and feel like they're intruding on something of i am just like now they ask where can i see the wall and i tell them this is the real war and they're like ah ok people are always seeking authenticity and then comes where is a sting where is west because no one can really notice or imagine that anymore and that kind of has a. question. as to what is it about the war that interests you have more of this interest i'm interested in urban history or. and in everything that also has an

impact on society and there's nothing more blatant than a physical barrier that divides a society. these days people no longer talk about reunification healing the scars of the vision it didn't take long for disillusionment to set in former east germans were to take part in the free market but not have a shared that just 5 percent of east germany stayed on property sold off by the tri hand agency went to east germans at the same time east germany was officially branded as an illegitimate state a dictatorship robbing people of the former home and. being robbed of your homeland is such a loaded concept that you know i see it more as an egg ation of your experiences your memories of your past. that deprives you of your existential need to find your place in the world maybe that

something connected with homeland being robbed of your very existence bennie the parents but. then 16 years later germany was awash in flux in the east and west north and south of the world cup truly united the country which was caught up in football fever. yeah that was cool really ok yeah 2006 everyone had germany flags of their cars. and yeah i went to university with the germany flag painted on my face but then i also went there sporting the turkish flag value and my professor from the saddle and came to me says even with anger you can't be for germany one day in turkey the next you have to choose one thing you can't be for one sometimes and then for the other and when i said sure you can he got all huffy and that's what i mean with love for your home. land it's possible

and it's enriching it's not a burden to love more than one homeland and it's not just about nationality it's also about specific. flags have never made me feel patriotic to me homeland has more to do with the landscape in which i find peace the aroma of pumpkin soup cooking and fire pits in the yard the sound of folk songs of the many things i love about my home none are political why germany needs homes ministry remains unclear to me this is how my homeland ministry isn't a nice way of uniting us so i mean and this unity thing german unity i think this word has to go. why do we have to me is a single entity i'd rather we have affection the german affection. perhaps the wall is a good projection screen for that a symbol of the possibility for change the way of encouraging people to define for

themselves what they call home or smacked him or not but i still like the war so much i like the walter mears for me it's a symbol of something positive. yes i knew that nothing stays the way you think it will nothing last forever and fundamental skepticism over everything is always judicious. that's a super statement really. disrespect the wall is a real piece of home to me taught me to doubt things and to overcome them including contrived ideas about my homeland. at the n.s.c. trial in munich in 2018 to be out of shape who was convicted for her involvement in 10 murders for over 5 years the terror group known as the national socialist underground went on a murder spree targeting immigrants all the men children had lived in germany freed leaves. their new home to trade and. man the trial is

a central theme in his life and work. writer and director one who researches germany's dark side for years callus has been studying the n.s.u. and waiting his way through thousands of pages of trial transcripts with terrifying results. we suspect that this and as you know complex did not dissolve but instead of migrated and our security apparatus. was in the lookout for hidden fire rights networks. in 2014 callus wrote a play called deal for the gap about the n.s.c. bomb attack on quote stress in cologne it started actors and local residents of turkish origin for a long time the police suspected them of being behind the bombing the victims were

treated like perpetrators that's a veneman the play cards also shows that the murders exacted yet another victim germany's open and largely tolerant society. as knows that he or his own father could have been targeted by the n.s.u. so he holds up a mirror to his home born in germany callouses the. and of an armenian father and a jewish mother who both immigrated to germany from turkey callous and self is a german citizen and yet. it is often certainly a quest but an exploration of the question i've asked myself what does this word highlight home really mean to me what parts of brought me here. i mean land of the father's but the wrong place for countless. issued of the us from on this father's day. i said in my father's ashes down the hill of this toy when the blows them on to the shrubs and bushes once the ashes settle all around

for they are investing it was of the rocks which surround me my father asked could hold out but i do not believe what you wanted to hear. not in armenia. but in bielefeld this is where he belongs where callus was born worked as a bouncer and almost ended up in the wrong crowd but he wrote about his experience his autobiographical novel was angry and fierce and helped him liberate him self from his family from his roots in the isn't. in the business. and in the engine is enough. for a lot of them were saw it as a burden. a rock solid stroke of the courage as a young person at the right over this album i wanted to rid myself of it.

was actually. a. callous studies writes plays and directs in berlin stuttgart cologne dresden challenging stereotypes and defying expectations in his work he takes a keen critical look at german culture and society and the coach he regularly receives hate mails and death threats sometimes his premieres take place under police protection he keeps fighting for precisely this reason it's. because the craft is no driving forces the fact that what surrounds me as rogue. are still up against strong antagonists. i dressed up working no so i leave room for them. and but since i see myself as a soldier in a battle in that i'm coming from. a battle with the right wing extremist threat

that still growing in germany neuron darva callous for him identity and home are questions with no clear answers. i will return and settle i will mix like a parasite in a society that i didn't see 2 hours ago and i will be a huron if people want to see that as a hero then money a role model if necessary and for a cautionary tale if i must. but as that miles. my feeling of homeland is at its strongest what i'm sitting on a plane or a high speed train when i'm moving. in of course there's an internal story images my own roots there is some beautiful landscapes in the east the skies of

mecklenburg the touring in forest all of that is homeland but it's also tied up with the bitter struggles i experienced in east germany is no 2 ways about it. we had a community that in the scope of us frequently asked to participate in discussions and especially now in celebration of the 30th anniversary of german reunification. and. we've become experts trivializing east germany or interestingly this 3 younger generations do it publicly although they have no experience of dictatorship . that's really intriguing. in the west this 68 generation demanded an open discussion about the holocaust victims and that the victims be rehabilitated. one obvious question for me is why today's young generations have clearly over identified with their parents and don't see east german history as a history of dictatorship that. was born addressed or grew

up again as the daughter of the communist party her father was officially the head of the socialist youth club but worked undercover as a starting agent holding 8 different identities it was also a man who brutally chastised his children. run away at the age of 14 becoming one of the country's top female sprinters like many of her fellow athletes she was secretly subjected to doping only later to find out just how heavily. she studied german and you know flipped the g.d.r. in 1989 and continued her study the west. after receiving teaching assignments she became a professor and writer focusing on the issue of committed terms east german past. i think this idea of german unity a lot with all the happiness and pride that it was

a peaceful revolution it clearly made us a match and in the east and the west that things would be a little easier. for. you and i find it specially right now it would be good for east germans to to recognize what a tough journey it's been on getting rid of the dictatorship also an internal one within our collective social science we underestimated the heavy traumatic toll of such a long dictatorship. that we haven't even got to the stories of the victims yet the opposition to her book which translates as contested zone was published in 2019 interweaves contemporary history with that of her own family analyzing the reasons for xenophobia with anger at the state and originates in east germany on average the right wing populist party has twice as many voters in the east as in the west. the world in the east wanted to get rid of their dictatorship wanted to be free

wanted to be a united country along with other germans. up. now there are many who feel left behind humiliated we could even say colonized but on the contrary we are in another new phase now we in the east have to decal a nice ourselves. what emerges from that can be pretty potent. for. the fall of the berlin wall and $989.00 was a joyous experience that has to do with her own history of course but she hopes that $89.00 will be part of the positive narrative of people driven both west to east we don't have to become artificially homogenous but we need to find our way out of a negative mindset i was saying recently why shouldn't east germans win the nobel peace prize yes they ought to receive this external knowledge under their historic achievement so that they can finally appreciate it internally.

in search of europe in a new exhibition 22 photographers with the courts agency look at the continent from 22 angles exploring questions about identity about past and future the results are highly political and very private. in a borderless europe what exactly does home mean. in a schoenberg went to the river order on the german polish border to find out. after the 1st time i thought about the construct of borders in this way. the landscape there looks no different from that on the brandenburg side felt completely familiar . a landscape steeped in tragic history

melancholy. the people who live here were forcibly. after the 2nd world war and originally came from a completely different part of the country. for decades it was incredibly difficult for them to become attached to the region to feel at home there because they were always afraid of being displaced again. you can see that a bit when you drive through the region some of the villages are a little. portraits of young people from a german polish community project that expresses a deep yearning for roots. of you know porn and i think the idea of home plays an important role in paul and they are much more attached to home. and of course it's true that nationalism is on the rise.

and that it's fueled by fears of a global ization before. and the loss of national identity. and open europe and idealistic project that's lost much of the chain many countries of reinforcing borders and retreating into themselves the rise of nationalism is a topic that has been i who felt also tackles. see this tendency which is very strong in europe right now that it was a very serious threat the 1st very interesting then i begin to wonder if i myself feel any sense of nationalism or at least peterson and i began thinking about where i come from i mean for. one in norway i've heard for explores what connects him to his origins the photographs the life of a fuse great uncle called beyond who will probably die in the same town he was born in a completely different life to i call his own he left the town when he was to. see

this country have always drawn to it time and time again to me it's one of many homes. it's possible to have multiple homes. so it's important can you have multiple homes doesn't that go against the very idea how many roots can take root. which is contained in the idea of home and it's sometimes too much as i think of the. to load out totally overwhelmed before that's why i prefer to talk about being present on. my her 1st pitches depict an ambivalent relationship confined phobic moments set against the vastness of the landscape.

when i am always i realize that for me it is also about saying goodbye maybe even disillusionment. negative but it's not meant to be. stripped away allusions when you see more clearly for me it's kind of a burden that you have to remember the size and idealized place of origin so for me feels very much like a liberation from. home and an idea that's always shifting in our globalised era it's harder than ever to pin it down an idea charged with significance and sometimes. the problem is that the focus so heavily on this idea of home in fact can be something quite wonderful it can be custom dialects idiosyncrasies and unique next. it's great that in europe we have this unity in diversity. i had

a nephew. perhaps essentially home is about belonging and we all want to belong and that since it's an idea that unites us. and. 30 years of unified germany 5 approaches to the concept of higher by and our feet is in from $21.00. i'm going.

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is the day of you news live from berlin president trump draws criticism after leaving the hospital to greet supporters the u.s. president is being treated there for covert his doctors say he's on steroids and could be discharged as early as today monday something else us also coming up. germany's foreign minister has denounced as a violent attack.