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tv   Made in Germany  Deutsche Welle  October 22, 2020 3:30am-4:01am CEST

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workouts is going to put the spacecraft to certain altitude but then the satellites need to reach much higher out that you and the way we're going to do that is by use a sister so it's a. system normally it's useful for your fights as it is designed by a company that didn't really know how to do space and it's much cheaper than more traditional tests. once superset is done with all the assembly again and we really want to avoid human errors so the way we're going to do that we're going to take a picture with cameras here and the pictures of it being take it will be compared to a reference picture and based on the do differences will be able to save save ourselves on a good job or know. with human error essentially ruled out high volume production is possible with short turnaround times. when you're doing some place of a kind it's easier to get cheaper and they work on price. terms of testing we are
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doing less testing so we need fewer people so it's cheaper and saw from our order of magnitude it's maybe a bit more than $100.00 but if you want to buy the satellite it will be a roughly a 1000000 and if you want to bury yourself right it will be way more than. one web and also google space x. and amazon plan to offer their internet services everywhere on earth in the process getting 4000000000 people on line. london based one web has an official license from the country's airspace or storage and sees itself on a mission to bridge the digital divide. the company's current and potential future play on tile includes banks and lines shipping companies industry disaster relief agencies and the military.
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and consumers will initially be able to book the service fire local telecom providers and as already seen in the mobile phone sector the price will be lower in africa than in germany for example. mike lin's a previously worked in systems engineering for nasa and is part of the design team for the one web satellite constellation the company was the 1st among the competing consorts here to receive approval from the international telecommunications union a united nations agency. and that license is absolutely mandatory for providing the service the one word system uses radio frequency spectrum in order to send information. to customers to provide this broadband internet connectivity you need spectrum that's a span of radio wave flags in order to transmit
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information at high to reduce the. spectrum what you have the more data that you can provide and because you are used to these these broadband speeds of being able to stream video and send information very quickly back and forth we need a lot of spectrum in order to provide that service to so many people. designing a constellation of satellites in constant contact with each other and the earth is a complex undertaking. it involves a number of technical process is to function at the same time processes that have no precedence. the brain of the constellation the ground network operations center is in london it's headed by alan here it. moves possible for looking after a crown that work so we're going to call functions 1st of all we provide
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situational awareness so we look for anomalies in the ground that work out where they occur we work to resolve them scripts. and secondly we do what we call a resource part and resource plan is really the crane's of how the system works which brings together the ground that work on turner's spacecraft and the pay out of natural user you chase the ground stations run automatically and the fitted with 30 antennae each maintaining contact with 30 satellites. direct current lead just to fully functional stations one in spits bag norway and the other on sicily to complete global coverage distributed across the planet you would need just $45.00 ground stations. to connect. very quickly as you say we're going to be scaling up come q to next year we're going to be out in 3 ground stations every month since
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a huge ramp october. doing today today is all about testing and integration next year is all going to be about drinking you know which cross station since. the ground stations always seek the best possible connection to the satellite that's closest to the user and can provide the best possible bandwidth. the relevant signal shifts from one satellite to another with the user remaining placed fully unaware. the one web consortium is currently ahead of rivals google space x. and amazon and by the end of 2021 it hopes to have a constellation numbering $650.00 satellites going to either way the earth's orbit is set to get a lot of traffic in the near future how will the engineers ensure that there are no collisions so something we're doing at one where is is actually enhancing our safety by separating each plane in the consolation so there are multiple planes of
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multiple satellites each and if they're all at the same altitude you have the sort of crossing point where salaries are zipping past each other a very high velocities so what we do is we separate those crossing points so the salaries are actually not zipping past one another when that means us we're actually in some regards we only have to manage a single plane at a time and you can apply that same principle to other cost solutions so we are maintaining. many kilometers of separation between space x. space x. is separate from. the amazon constellation and that's a very important safety detail to make sure that operators are not trying to launch an operate hundreds of thousands of satellites within the same amount of space. satellite constellations are not the only inhabitants of. the serious traffic in
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immediate now into space in addition to count. disused satellites there is spent. fragments of exploded space craft and other space debris circling the planet the result is a growing. now comprising 20000 objects with a diameter of 10 centimeters more joined 570-0000 smaller objects at least one centimeter in some ways and the speed at which they move makes them extremely dangerous. so if there is a question space it can be catastrophic objects in earth's orbit are typically traveling around 25000 kilometers per hour and even a small object say 10 centimeters can carry enough energy to fragment a large satellite into thousands of pieces and so if such an event occurs. now you go from one cell in one piece of debris to thousands of pieces of debris
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and uses those pieces of debris might carry enough energy to again fragment a different satellite and so you know there's a sphere of a sort of chain reaction or one collision creates debris that debris strikes another satellite creating even more debris. and there is still no rules on the behavior of satellite constellations whether traffic related or on safety or ethics the only stipulation is a ban on stationing weapons in earth's orbit and that the satellites have to be safely d. orbited after 25 years. one webb has decided to let its satellites expire in the atmosphere after an operational life of just 5 years. the major space going nations are working on sophisticated nearest radar systems to prevent satellite collisions gemini's aerospace center the d.l.r.
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is using a missile defense system from the german military in conjunction with the famous found wolf shaft research group. radar facility outside bone in western germany is the only one in europe that could track and depict of jets in 4 bit up to 2 centimeters in diameter minor well met since his colleagues have been conducting precise measurements on space debris in order to prevent the need for a vase of action by active satellites. the man i'm kicked out if you have an object that you want especially interested in because it is threatening to combine it with your own satellites then you can use the system to remember its orbit. and obtain more precise data as you can this
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physical berserks that gives you a better risk assessment of whether a collision is actually imminent on whether such a collision can be ruled out that. there are several collisions every day is a sieve maneuvers there are only needed 2 or 3 times a year. but the scientists models project a collision in orbits triggered by space debris every 5 to 10 years just how crucial this surveillance is became clear in early september 2900 when a satellite in the space x. starling constellation was approaching a weather satellites belonging to the europeans base agency. yes a tried and failed to persuade space x. to take evasive action but with no response from the american company the agency had to force its 400000000 euro weather satellite into a collision avoidance maneuver where the space x.
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was unwilling to take action or incapable due to a lack of control over the satellites remains unclear so long for value of the systems work really well and have a very high level of reliability operating the satellite constellations there's no problem but once we get into an area right in the range of 10 to 20 percent things start to get really critical then these constellations can become a problem within themselves and between each other and that can lead to a cascade effect where more and more space debris is created. the cutback radar facility near bowen is among the leading lights in space surveillance . material radar has a limited range of sight it has to be told approximately where an object is in the sky in order to conduct precise measurements. of the ts our facility is immense compared to the german experimental. space available and
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tracking radar. a new elektra nicky controlled radar system that observes the near zone of space within milliseconds based on semiconductor technology the radar will be the 1st in germany to track active satellites and space debris 247 also creating an orbit state to catalog that helps to prevent collisions. down is in charge of gemini space situational awareness and which will work together with data collection he's seriously concerned about the satellite constellations currently being assembled. there could be the problem of the electric drive systems and the one website alerts do not allow hard delta vees or speed increases. the. plan is to deploy the fleets in an orbit of around 500 kilometers and then slowly
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push them to 1200 kilometers through the most contaminated belt and then bring them back down at the end of their lifetime. when. it's a problem similar to sending a family of snails across a major road during rush hour. for reading from. there's a major risk of collision not least because the electric propulsion systems do not give the satellites much scope for evasive action. mr freeze. the data from the t.v. system and from guests. germany's space situational awareness and. the dutch border. and the german aerospace center worked together at the nato communications and information agency units their radar systems can only track the near earth so. and nots geostationary orbit so the center also uses telescopes to
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surveil satellites the to hire around and there are already concerns on the ground over the 1st satellites launched by space x.'s starlink constellation. was huge so i took by the what i saw from the launch of the past 60 standing subtle minds is that the brightness is relatively high. and back can lead to interference or to observations in near. normal doses the problem feared by astronomers growing population of tens of thousands or many satellites in the low and medium. well reflects the sun's rays on to. go under and in those areas of observation telescope coverage will be compromised. not surprisingly some of the traffic in the low earth orbit is for military still
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says the relatively close range of 502800 kilometers is a convenient one thing gathering meteorological and geological data and the spying no where else in gemini did the armed forces and the civilian german air space center work so closely together to represent a region see the one where constellation with 6 satellites launched today all on one orbit. this is the stunning constellation with 10 times the number of satellites spread across different over time planes of this constellation is likewise set to grow significantly in the future. they are totally sure. anymore if you were told of a large number of electrically powered satellites being introduced into critical orbit hearts will definitely post questions. in the final phase of the satellites deployment this will also present a bigger challenges for global surveillance systems than is the case with the
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current population and all that. so we have to prepare accordingly and continue to expand our capabilities of a cloud what else for. the importance of protecting critical infrastructure such as whether g.p.s. and observation satellites was highlighted in march 29th teen the indian military shut down one of the country's weather satellites in order to demonstrate its strategic space capabilities the satellite broke up into 6 and a half 1000 pieces of debris which then spread around the globe but a speed of 35000 kilometers per hour. the interesting thing us area is not so much the massive data breach that stay on the rich. grant is the pounds moved by kinetic energy. of course i was in france.
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china has also demonstrated its ability to destroy critical infrastructure in low earth orbit. dung ton in south korea is just a 2 hour car drive from the border to north korea everyone here is aware of the threat from the north's missile system and it's here that one webb is working with intel and south korean specialists in maritime satellites communications intel and is making the satellite antennae for the ground stations and use the terminals that can pick up and relay the signals from the satellite constellation at any point on earth. the koreans were chosen due to their experience in maritime communications where the transmitter and receiver of signals
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a both moving the idea is to adapt that technology for internet access in self driving cars permanent connectivity will become increasingly important. steve charland kevin other visionary minds behind intelli and from every country or is still challenge but we have all the solution now so cio is fixed so far i think a vessel is moving so that means i'm can or should move and also maintain tractor salwa. we are developing using now but leave your base or visually seller is moving so that means all we have to. go by ship or by satellite there means for either also the accuracy so even though the worst cases we have to bury. accurate tracker video and we can maintain the connection so that could be
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our challenger for your future so we'll try to over call. rotating parabolic antennae at the cutting edge of current technology but a few years from now there might well be a new antennae available based on semiconductor technology this is a company with a couple of. years of your future intel but this one is normally chemical body is right that we can put here where there is a some electronic circuit inside electronic circuit to reel. yourself so this kind of a mechanical. motion and then a very accurate track and also very small. whether by sea the idea is to ensure easy connectivity for people using all means of transportation in addition to those who were stationary.
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this facility near seoul tests radio communications with objects in the bit. a group of engineers headed by physicists now things spent several months focusing on one specific task proving beyond doubt that an internet connection can be established on 90 days in a row via satellite constellation that test results would determine whether one website writes to transmitted the frequency spectrum approved by the international telecommunications union would be confirmed it's a milestone in the team eventually reached in 2019 satellites were launched in february of this year and we want to show proof of concept that it works so we want to be able to send signals up to the satellite but down again and prove that we can send traffic at very high speed. and therefore realize some of these services you
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know high speed broadband services that we want to offer the world so this is a perfect testing ground we've got regulatory clearance here to do transmissions and receptions. could a system initially comprising just 6 satellites in orbit streamed internet video content from germany now bain's and his team were also eager to see how the experiment pans out. what we'll be doing is where we're going to present the earth channel rise up and getting content from there over to our modems fanta the terminals themselves up to the satellites but down again i know all the acknowledgments coming back to across the internet so we can keep on stream here we just got 3 more minutes and then a satellite will be coming out over its satellite flies it takes about 3 minutes m m x for next. 1010 seconds.
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they. say we're now live streaming video from deserted you have to. travel. the work briefly of the quality of the signal wasn't good enough so it lost lost connection but. we try and we're still in testing we're testing the circuit so optimizing the system to get better and better performance better latency. improved quality of video all the stuff was ok well thanks everybody for joe. thank. you providing sufficient bandwidth for streaming videos in full h.d. will require the launch and deployment of far more satellites and more ground stations. over in the
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united states one webb has a 2nd ground station not far from washington d.c. . the constellation satellites can be controlled from here and from headquarters in london. daria corinne is responsible for coordinating the constellations flight maneuvers she and colleague ny ritchie control individual satellites. here the 2 experts are conducting extensive tests connected to automatic control routines. it's a system that i want to trust but at the same time as a human i want to make sure i'm checking all of my checks and balances making sure that everything is ok with the tally before we proceed to the next step because again this isn't a simulation we have to take our time and we have to be as humanly perfect as
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possible how many controllers will be required to pilot a mega constellation of several 100 satellites this is well artificial intelligence will come in to assist the human operators i believe we're going to be having one controller for about 20. 30 so it's maybe even more we're trying to automate our system so that one person can handle as many satellites that is needed within our crews because i mean like you said we're not going to have a one to one ratio and we need to learn to automate our system so that when we see issues on board if our pilots can't do it manually then bottom medically our system should be able to handle it it's kind of a walk before you run type of i guess philosophy so instead of having so many satellites up at 1st we deployed you know 6 and then we could spend a significant amount of time kind of getting to know mike and like a new friend basically just deciding you know this satellite is capable of this and
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it's not capable of this and ball i kind of adapt to the constellation as it grows to because of our ability to understand the vehicles for months we've you know since launch for about 6 months now and we have gotten a good idea of the types of tools that will need in order to you know sustain a mega consolation and in addition to the technical challenges there are also no end of regulation to reopen stickles to overcome it's all right. kelly into a team of trying to convince more than 200 different countries and territories to grant one web commission to provide services. every person in the world wants access to information and entertainment and they may define that differently and their country may be concerned about what access they have but even a country like north korea wants their people to have access to certain kinds of
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information right and so every country in the world wants their people connected they may want to control the way they're connected they may have concerns about data protection or security but they want their people connected and so even north korea even cuba. even india china russia they're all interested in conic to the conic to that is the key to the future. internet access in north korea china and russia is regulated differently than in germany what surprised the company was how more democratic nations also tend to demand an emergency off switch before giving approval to internet access via satellite constellation you know what even the united states ask for an off switch. every country wants a little control over the traffic and it's country and one of the things they say basically is if you cause interference usually you know you'll need to be turned off and you say of course the ideas i'm never going to cause interference we're
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going back to the coordination with the other satellite systems i don't want to have to turn off so i'm going to make darn sure that i'm not interfering at anything. one web and it's rival google space x. a commonly neck and neck in this new space race with amazon lagging some distance behind with a high speed internet from low earth orbit will actually be commercially available by the end of 2021 is still hard to say. south korea has the fastest mobile internet on the planet and practically everyone here has high speed connectivity via to rest real all mobile networks. and it's here that now things into his colleagues are working towards a few chill where every person on earth could have fast internet via satellite provided that governments allow it.
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from the leather from my shoes the living come as you. me to me by how mean just. the beginning of the end to animal based products. which will turn it is work and which ones pay off the. new ideas from the global market made in germany. 30 d.w. . enter the conflict zone come on to the powerful more than 2 years ago the
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government in armenia came to power in the so-called elvis revolution with the hope of fundamental democratic reform my guest this week from your lawn is armenian foreign ministers are up meant nothing coming on how much responsibility does armenia back for the conflict escalation conflict. 90 minutes on w. . each their obsession for spectacular pictures. gets their passion for nature. it's their complete devotion that makes them the best wildlife for toddlers in the world. this amazing and very
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confrontational and stirring. 5 adventures. one goal. the preservation of our planet. for life starts nov 6th on t.w. . the i am. this is news and these are our top stories pope francis has said homosexuals have a right to a family and should be protected by civil union laws it's a mock shift for the roman catholic church the pontiff made the comments in a new documentary about his approach to bust all caps. spain has become the 1st western european country to reach more than 1000000 confirmed coronavirus cases the country recorded nearly.

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