this is the news live from berlin a new u.s. fro good cease fire between armenia and azerbaijan was set to take effect a few hours ago there was fighting the disputed nuclear know region sunday ahead of the monday morning ceasefire deadline we'll have the very latest from our correspondents in the region. also on the show chile celebrates after voting to replace that country's constitution in a referendum that removes the last traces of the pinochet regime also coming up.

after a day of mass protests on sunday the valorous opposition prepares for a nationwide strike to force some battle leader alexander them to step down. i'm brian thomas good to have you with us to start the week today armenia and azerbaijan are accusing each other of violating a new cease fire to halt fighting over the disputed and going to car box region the u.s. brokered truce was due to take effect a few hours ago now fighting continued on sunday ahead of truce hostilities broke out in the mountainous enclave about 4 weeks ago today's attempted cease fire was the 3rd effort to end the fighting. our correspondent you leon has this report from

the town of barga in azerbaijan about 20 kilometers from the frontline. if you go far as the live shows us where he used to live until very recently. to see a rocket hit his house in early october he says we're out so. far the gulf coast off base sure that. his home for 35 years burnt down to the walls i have worked over the whole family was sitting here watching t.v. and suddenly there was an explosion in the backyard everything started burning we ran outside and called the firefighters but when they arrived it was already too late or should we have. burned memories.

have to go far as early as is convinced that our 1000000 is responsible for the attack the neighboring country deliberately bombed many civilian targets in the area he says. we can't independently verify this we are not allowed to move freely near the front line we are only allowed to film with the as of a john eales or a tease let us film thank you thank you this school and barbell for example even if it looks like it the children here are not students. they are refugees this has been an emergency shelters since the fighting started a month ago. thanks. i right at the end friends a memorial for a fallen azerbaijanis soldier everyone here is convinced that their army is

fighting for a just cause the school vice principal doesn't believe that their votes have been attacks on arm. surveillance. and then laughed at us and then. i don't know much about what's happening on the armenian side i only know what i see on t.v. here but i can say that the armenians are losing and must retreat so they don't have any other options we are not trying to take armenian territory we are fighting for what belongs to us tentacle crowd. has been at the school for a few weeks now with his wife and 3 granddaughters they are from toronto are right on the border with no go nuclear about lately the clashes there have intensified. that are going to war i am worried about the girls they are just kids they were so

scared of the fighting how are they supposed to know what explosions are they should go to school and study but they shouldn't have to learn what bombs and missiles sounds like a lot to do that women that are. at the moment the children seem safe. is about 20 kilometers from the frontline but nobody knows when they will be able to return home or whether it will soon become too dangerous here tonight. let's get the perspective now from the armenian capital yarra von and did abuse our until joining us from there good day to you aaron what are you hearing where you are on the latest this 3rd attempt at a cease fire for the. well so far we've been hearing un conformed reports and i want to repeat the fact these are unconfirmed reports of continued fighting in the karabakh region basically the army or the other by johnny ministry

of defense has said armenian forces attacked azerbaijani troops with grenades and mortars in clear violation of the cease fire now this is. thing that the armenian ministry of defense and the government has repeatedly denied they have reaffirmed their commitment to upholding the ceasefire in the recent hours and they're actually saying that they're accusing the azerbaijani government of running what amounts to a distance from ation campaign saying that these are reports of of the ceasefire violations were actually prepared well in advance and actually point to the fact that they were posted to social media within seconds of the cease fire taking effect basically just adding to the confusion of what is already a very confused conflict where both sides refuse even to reach the the basic facts on the ground can you tell us something out about the u.s. push to bring a halt to the fighting in that region what's behind washington's efforts in this area. well they're basically joining what is really a broader push by the international community to end the conflict which has been raging since the end of september and while it is not necessarily surprising that

the cease fire if it is in fact falling apart has fallen apart i mean we've seen 2 other attempts fall apart in recent weeks that were arranged by russia and while at the end of the day i was speaking to one on the meeting observer yesterday and he said it's nice that the united states is attempting to work as a mediator in the region and while they may be a great nation they are very very far away and it's not entirely surprising given in the distance of the international parties in the entrance nature of this regional conflict that the ceasefire is already starting. to fall apart a little bit you have to remember this is a conflict with roots that go back at least decades if not centuries and is really an embittered conflict on both sides yet talking about this entrenched people were you saying. about the fighting is there a lot of support for the military effort to retake parts of the. well

here and yet of on there definitely is a lot of support for the military actually i'm here in one of the central squares and around me you see lots of patriotic ads and posters. encouraging people to support the troops i mean throughout the city we've seen humanitarian aid stations being set up where the of the population is donating books and medicine and clothing which is being taken to the region and there does seem to be at least a large support on their meaning inside for the what they view as a defensive action in. aaron thanks very much for that from your of on. thank you. it's to chile now where an overwhelming majority have voted to replace the country's constitution more than 78 percent of voters rejected the legal code it was created during the country's dictatorship in the 1980 s. . streets familiar with an arrest and now overcome by celebration. the supporters are jubilant soaking up

a result that will lead to the scrapping of chile's dictatorship era constitution. it has been said that it's amazing to be part of this historical moment to be able to vote to feel such pride of being part of this great change and of the results that have been had. there that the truth is i'm delighted i'm very proud of the results this is showing that this is what the people want and there's a very large majority. president sebastian pinera who agreed to hold a vote after months of social unrest says it's an opportunity to forge a new future for the nation. until now the constitution has divided us we must all work together so that the new constitution is the great framework of unity and stability. long lines and strict pandemic controls were

a feature of voting day people are even urged to bring their own pens. today has its roots in street protests that erupted late last year but if it increases to public transport fares. it soon turned into a much bigger movement frustrated by inequality in shalane society. the current constitution was implemented during the dictatorship of pinochet and many see it as something that prevents attempts to address poverty and inequality. it symbolizes the injustice that this country's. suffered and how the people rebelled against the constitution this puts an end to the dictatorship of pinochet and his chile's transformation to democracy. the plebiscite not only asked if the constitution should be scrapped but who should rewrite it. charlaine strongly supported having it rewritten by a group of elected citizens rather than

a mixture of politicians and citizens once the members are chosen they will begin drafting a new constitution putting it to voters in mid 2022. ok let's get some perspective on this now with benjamin gruber with us in the studio good morning to you benyamin good morning this is being called the end of an era for chile what kind of new beginning good signal it was an historic day there were tens of thousands of chileans that gathered that flocked to the streets to celebrate it that chileans overwhelmingly approved this new constitution the results exceeded all polls more than 77 percent voted for this new constitution to initiate the process of drafting a new construction in that similar number 79 percent already decided which by you will be entitled to do this it will be made up entirely of elected citizens and it won't include any lawmakers that was very important and it shows also that the

population rejects this discredited political class and that's why they've also been protesting since october of last year you have the protests have been very violent at times a lot of activity in the urban centers what's been driving that is the elite in chile that discredited it's discredited and it shows a lot when you look at the results of the big inequality big 3 richest communes in the country rejected this new constitution and that's where the political power and the economical power of the country lives and a country that is that inequal that one percent of the population concentrates more than 22 percent of the total wealth off the country this would draw a line definitely aligned to a wish beginning this framework of a more diverse and a more justice and equal society it's no coincidence. that people have been protesting and that they celebrated yesterday for this totally historic results to

ok don't looking at the violence of the past year can chile now put that behind itself put it into the past and truly draw a line on what's happened over the last year and move into the future totally that's why this democratic solution and where people flocked to the streets yesterday and voted despite the pandemic to see not only what happened in chile but what happened in the embassies all around the world it's important to notice that this is not the only important elections there will be 2 important elections coming up in april of next year when the delegates of this new body will be elected under $55.00 delegates of whom there must be gender parity so that's also 1st in the wall and then there will be a 2nd one so they have one year to draft this new constitution and then there will be another vote to decide if this will be told leave the next constitution but of course as you mentioned we've seen a lot of filings often on the streets but this is also the political will off the chill in society to move forward also as the society completely restructures itself

legally what's your assessment will it lead to an end to the protests will we see chile basically peacefully moving into the future now i see it as a peaceful move towards and you can see. that the violence that we've seen on the streets will also reduce significantly but it's important to note is that the constitution alone will not solve all the problems of the chin in society it's important to note that to not create false expectations there are several reforms that need to be done to including all of the security forces that we've seen also massively violating human rights off the protest since they started of caloric last year but there's a lot of hope a lot of hope and a lot of work ahead for jolie benjamin gruber thanks very much for coming in for us today. let's get you up to date i was on the other stories making the news this hour turkish president reggie tired early on as renewed his calls for his french

counterpart of money home a call to undergo a mental evaluation relations between the 2 countries are strained over regional tensions as well as the french president's defense of caricature of the islamic prophet mohammed. the vice president of the german parliament has died thomas open man was taken to hospital sunday evening after collapsing during a television broadcast and died shortly afterwards he represented the social democrats in the in the stock. women's rights activists angered by a tightening of poland's already restrictive abortion law have demonstrated at churches across the country. some scuffling with parishioners on the far right nationalists the constitutional court ruled last week that almost all border abortions are now illegal. voters in lithuania have delivered a blow to the ruling government casting the most votes to the center right

opposition party in parliament elections former finance minister into the you. is expected to become prime minister in a coalition with 2 liberal parties both of which are also led by women. it's the belo roast now where opposition figures are calling for a nationwide strike to go ahead on monday as they seek to increase pressure on hardline reader alexander lukashenko to step down this comes after security forces fired stun grenades at demonstrators sunday as tens of thousands took to the streets in the capital minsk and other cities protestors accuse shango of rigging his reelection. the call was for a strike from tens of thousands of protesters in minsk sunday's are protest days not just here but around the country one group said it was actually over 200000

people also chanting new election and go away to president bush ankara but as things quieted down and some crowds dissipated there was this. police firing stun grenades. chaos and confusion reigned forces detained well over $200.00 people bringing the total according to human rights advocates to over $15000.00 since the election that lucas shank us claims he won in a landslide. but he lives in his own world and thinks that many people support him and that were all wrong that were drug addicts prostitutes and vandals that were just peaceful delarue since he can't understand it yet we're afraid what will happen but we will go on strike. this was the last day of an ultimatum set by the opposition for lucas shankar to resign so there will be

a strike. that protesters though want security forces to know that they're doing it for their country. now as countries grapple with rising corona virus cases world leaders and experts are gathering virtually for the annual world health summit germany france the european commission and the world health organization are co-hosting the online event it's meant to shine a light on various topics but one will overshadow the all the rest this year covert 19 it has wreaked havoc on health systems of course globally but especially in 4 geographic hotspots there are well over 8000000 cases now in the u.s. 9000000 across latin america 4000000 in europe and more than 7000000 in india while other health challenges like tuberculosis and hiv malaria as well are all

taking a backseat right now as global health resources or poured into battling the coronavirus . hiv positive and lost her job during the lockdown in south africa. she can no longer afford her own medication luckily a charity organization has stepped in almost 8000000 people in south africa live with the hiv virus. many are now struggling to get any medicine at all. because of the covert 1000 pandemic global supply chains have collapsed and are only getting back on track very slowly. issues of. people not being able to get air. we are anticipating and we're very concerned that we're going to. stick infections in south africa we worry particularly around

me as we have. in our country coronavirus has also worsened worldwide tuberculosis control with 1400000 victims to bring this was the deadliest infectious disease in 21000 topping even hiv aids here we see some tuberculosis bacteria under the microscope. the w.h.o. fears that up 240-0000 more people could die of to per kilo says this year worst affected are india followed by indonesia china the philippines pakistan nigeria then and south africa 2 thirds of all tuberculosis patients worldwide live in these countries here the number of tuberculosis reports fell by up to 30 percent and it means that the people. at home and. infection we are working closely with the biggest. bilateral.

to provide all the necessary technical support but broccoli. months of essential medicines for all high tb burden countries back in south africa h.i.v. infected patients who are afraid of going to hospital because they believe they might become infected with corona virus come to this outpatient mini clinic in the god wanna. know this hiv patients immune system must be kept as stable as possible this also helps protect her against tuberculosis and of course covert 19. let's talk more about these health challenges now with swaminathan chief scientist for the world health organization joining us now from geneva thanks so much for your time dr as we've just seen in that report along with 19 related does covert 1000 diseases rather diseases like

tb and hiv are still taking a very real toll for many thousands of people around the world is the w.h.o. right now neglecting these hells threats as it contends with covert. often pointed out persisting to the testimonies of people this is a real problem and has been getting beat up for many countries we're seeing that the excess. i think with that also due to a large number of what it is. that we do know but also months ago and we found a majority of countries that severe disruptions and essentially had surpluses the countries that have done well couples that invested in this primary health care and in public health and indeed just systems and in supply so health system resilience

is a real issue when you're faced with a shock like this bang demick very few hand systems and being in it for the pandemic and what it needs you know what most health counselors and we never did and provide essential health services to be njt malaria so we've been actually. reminding the countries about the necessity to continue to focus on these big diseases these killers that haven't gone away basically right at the same time getting up to respond to that goal with 1000 prices you know what i think is i think if i could if i could jump in there dr when we look at the covert crisis and and the health resources that are stretched so thin right now for old all these other threats as well where are we are we better prepared than we were 9 months ago for any new waves of the corona virus where are we globally as the pandemic continues. again there's

a lot of variability you know some countries they're not going to be to why it's not exactly to the back you know set up their destiny capacity that you need all the countries that clicks and that agnostic capacity is setting up their testing and tracing systems quarantining facilities so if you look at countries in east asia for example majority of them have done when it they've just done to basically cut measureless and yet they've been able to guy that contain it completely or keep it at very low levels but as we see lunchboxes one of the could not have been able to really get out that systems to respond to you know what's been called the 2nd wave so i still think we're not fully prevent is what ok you mentioned masks and quarantine is being effective methods to contain the corona virus you're also looking at a i artificial intelligence to to to somehow harness our resources and what are you

thinking in this area in terms of the best ways to fight the pandemic. they're digital tools and technologies that really i think accelerated in many countries where that option was relatively snow and again we've seen that in the law in middle income country the who's a down in medicine for example for we were actually concentrations using contact tracing apps using not to question indonesians. what we're eating up its trees and c.t. scans but also to detect the type of cost and to be able to differentiate $1.00 diagram from another now these are tools that are relatively new and they need to be used. together with the human effort so we have to remember that digital tools alone not going to solve a problem that can help us prevent less we have the human resources the trained madhav the facilities and very importantly i think the final ash is not enough to

diagnose a case and detectives have to follow up what for the patient that for the contacts that's what is actually missing in most countries you need the boots on the ground get away with that and used to have knowledge that our thanks so much for coming in on this today dr sonja song author of you a chose chief scientist thanks very much for joining us. let's get you a minder now of our top stories at this hour armenia and azerbaijan are accusing each other of violating the cease fire to halt fighting over the disputed nagorno-karabakh region the u.s. brokered truce was due to take effect a few hours ago. and people in chile are celebrating after that country voted overwhelmingly in favor of rewriting the nation's constitution a step that would move the last traces of the pinochet more sorry to. this is the interview news live from berlin don't forget there's always more to

a website and let our social media feeds what for now though for me brian thomas the entire team thankfully.

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