black gold, oil deposits starts december 4th. this is why reports tonight of civilians massacred in ethiopia as the conflict in the region intensifies. the fighting in the north of the country has already displaced thousands from their homes. aid organizations are warning of a humanitarian catastrophe. in the making this in a region that had been on the road to peace. also coming hospitals in italy and

other parts of the breaking point, naples, just one of the hot spots reporting a shortage of doctors and hospital beds, amid a surge of new coronavirus infections. and with germany also reporting hospitals approaching their limits. we look at one critical resource that can not be boosted from one day to the next. the number of trained personnel viewers joining us on p.b.s. in the united states and to all of you around the world. welcome. but we begin tonight in ethiopia, where there are reports of dozens of people being killed in what amnesty international is calling a massacre. it's the 1st time widespread civilian casualties have been reported in the weeklong conflict in the country's region. the united nations says some 11000

refugees have fled from ethiopia into sudan. at least half of them are children aid agencies or more of a humanitarian crisis in the making. this is a country sliding into civil war. these ethiopians have come here not to enjoy themselves, but to give blood for their soldiers fighting in te great state. the main aim of the blood donation program is to express our affection our us hate. for our arab. the conflict is not with this. not with a degree of people, not with that degraded. it's rather with who attacked our army in a shameful way. marty, the conflict erupted. 8 days ago, the government launched a military operation after an alleged attack by local forces on

a federal army base integrates capital. the federal government is the right to the proof and our security forces in the use force in order to operate in those implicated in must equal russian and grows human rights violations. relations between the ethiopian prime minister and the people's liberation front have long been tense. for nearly 30 years, the t.p.m. left was dominant in ethiopian politics, but abi curbed the party's influence after coming to power in 2018. its leaders say they have been unfairly targeted. a constitutional dispute raised matters to boiling point. the tea p.l.f. rejected r.b.'s decision to postpone national polls due to the coronavirus. in september, they went ahead with elections in te grey, which they control. not only the stability of ethiopia is at stake,

the country with its population of 100000000 is pivotal to the stability of the horn of africa as a whole. in 2019, abhi one unknowable peace prize for his sweeping political reforms. and his role in brokering peace with eritrea after a bloody border war. but so far he has failed to heed the calls of the united nations and the african union for a cease fire in this dispute. are for more now we want to go davis, and he's a senior european analyst at the international crisis group that is an independent nonprofit organization with the goal of preventing and resolving conflicts. it's good to have you on the program. what is going on here? are we looking at ethnic tensions erupting, or are we looking at one side trying to solidify its power in ethiopia? well, we're looking at some combination of that and also some other elements. yes, you heard in your reports. the federal intervention in ukraine is to remove the

leadership and a specific or immediate reason for that. it would just patients that was the alleged attack by the grand forces on the military or your t. . great taking command of aspects of the elements of the federal military station integrated in west gray, where the fighting is being concentrated and where the refugees have fled from sudan. there is also the prospect of an ethnic or into regional war. those are areas of western great acclaim, but i'm horribly horribly. you know, i'm horrified actions and has been considered war involvement. horror elements in the fighting. and to add to those tensions, reports being confirmed by amnesty that several tens or perhaps hundreds of people about massacred by nights of machetes in a town in that area that's being pinned on, on forces allied to the t.p. left. further information is going to come out,

and that is clearly going to increase the ethnic tensions and am hora aggression towards what's up part of your sources. your people have not been able to convert, confirm the reports of that massacre. have they where you amnesty international has released a statement today. the massacre definitely occurred. people were killed by machete . the exact number of deaths is not clear, the exact nature of the perpetrators is not clear. and the victims have reported to amnesty international that these were elements allied with the ground forces. and that's the details that we know. and i mean, what about the role of prime minister abbie hoffman here? i mean, he is a nobel peace laureate, is he making matters worse, or is he trying to ease the conflict? well, what the prime minister and federal governments are trying to do is to remove the leadership of the region via military intervention. and they say they were given

absolutely no option to do that. after it's a gray of forces took control and attacked elements of the federal military station and take reign in the broader justification is there to take the left has been destabilizing, ethiopia. it is only its latest breach of the constitutional order, and it crossed so-called, crossed a red line. the issue is, how easy is it going to be to achieve this objective of apprehending leadership at the international crisis group. we are very concerned that this could be a great, costly water because of the control that you left leadership have over the regional government and also what seems like a certain amount of support to keep is issues of the regional government from the people at the davidson with the international crisis group, we appreciate your time and your insights tonight with this developing story. thank

you. thank you very much. in the corona virus pandemic, new infections here in europe continue to rise. despite the partial walked allan's imposed in many countries, france's prime minister saying that the number of coronavirus patients in the hospital is now higher than it was last spring with another person admitted every 30 seconds in the country. and france has made the pandemic the focus of this year's virtual paris peace forum. the president stressing today there must be fair access to a coronavirus vaccine and treatments across the globe all across europe. tonight, hospitals are under strain including in italy, europe's ground 0 in the pandemic. this time, it's not just the rich north that's at the for the 2nd wave of this pandemic is also stretching resources in naples and in the poor cell. coronavirus patients wait

for hours outside the emergency ward at the clinic to get treatment. relatives have brought them here in their own cars. we don't, you know, we've looked all over naples for ventilators and haven't found anything at all in the hospital staff, treat them as outpatients. the area around the gulf of naples is seeing a huge 2nd surge in coronavirus cases after a long party company is the 2nd hardest hit region in italy. antonio card hourly hospital is the biggest health center in the south of the country. dr. giuseppe, this only works in the emergency ward a year ago, things were already tense here, even before the onset of the pandemic. after his shift, the doctor emerges. his state reflects that of italy's health system. he's exhausted the system is righted it's limit. we're using all possible resources in order to treat patients,

but now it's coming down to a question of pure math. there are so many patients. the system is unable to accommodate them. on the weekend, these images from naples, the french promenade outraged italians across the country. but the national government still designates the company a region as level yellow. not red. critics say the region's crisis department cooked the figures to avoid a lockdown when they registered i.c.u. occupancy last week. at 27 percent. the president of the italian doctors association is worried. he wants all of italy to be designated a red zone. if i go to the government is trying to serve various interests, namely economic as well as health care. of course, the economy is important. we understand that. but if the curve continues to rise,

italy's health care system will simply not be able to handle it. doctors and nurses are honored in these figures by craftsman janata david j. leo. his store is on the popular shopping street vs son, craig o.d.o. . i'm a know now empty janardan who is worried about the future, both for his health and his business in the city of naples at the foot of the famous folk, you know, mt vesuvius. or here in germany, the country's health minister says that restrictions to slow the spread of the virus will likely be needed well beyond november, possibly all the way into february half of all hospitals here in germany are reporting. they are stretched to capacity and that includes hospital staff. germany was able to boost its number of intensive care beds during the 1st wave of this pandemic. but coming up with more trained nurses is not as easy. we have this report. inshalla is an intensive care nurse. she finished her specialist training

at the end of october. now she's caring for a coronavirus patient in intensive care at dessau of so university hospital having f.m.s. and great. we've moved him around so that he lies in different positions and don't get bedsores. my colleagues will take some blood for a blood gas analysis, which will tell us how to adjust the ventilator. and things that the 30 year old nurse cannot yet do alone. having passed the state exam and completed 3 years of training for 2 years, she assisted on the ward with supervision. then after 2 more training years, she became a specialist nurse for intensive care and anesthesia. that's all about ventilation . what to consider when ventilating which settings are there and also types of surgery in more detail. you also get a deeper insight into anaesthesia the sequence of operations the job is medically technically and personally challenging. that's why nurses cannot simply start

working in i.c.u. after their basic training. louisianans in is $25.00 and just completed her 1st year of specialist training. 8 months of it during the pandemic. together with a colleague, she cares for a seriously ill coronavirus patient. after one more year, she will be able to do this on her own with their patients who should have one on one care. and of course we try to provide it. but sometimes it doesn't work out because we don't have enough staff to do that for me. that even though the job pays well after training german nurses earn an average of $3500.00 euros per month before tax and those doing shift work in i.c.u. receive additional bonuses. but high stress levels, big responsibilities weekend shifts and a lack of recognition are all deterrents, clapp, them, and of god, and passing. sure, raising the wage could be an incentive for staying in the job. and it could

attract others to choose this line of work and death. do you think we could be paid more life considering the work we have to do for the kind and i'm glad that this is currently being discussed more. i demand for this, but i have calmed and so the coronavirus pandemic may even bring about change. but it doesn't same goes up and then we were just taken for granted. the issue wasn't addressed the last few years. many people don't know what nurses have to deal with on a daily basis, especially intensive care nurses. and why not just anyone can do it at louisiana and wants to finish her specialist training despite and because of covert 19, these nurses know the coming weeks will be tough, but saying they will somehow manage in the united states, the counting of ballots continues its winding down 5 days since the election was

called for democrat joe biden, u.s. president, donald trump, he is refusing to concede, he continues to spread unproven allegations of voter fraud. his legal team has filed lawsuits in several closely fought states in an apparent attempt to contest his election defeat and the state of georgia where joe biden narrowly leads. it has begun a recount of all presidential votes by hand after the truck campaign called for that recount as well. sin of minority leader chuck schumer says the republicans refusal to accept the election result is quote, poisoning the well of american democracy. republicans in congress are spreading conspiracy theories, denying reality and poisoning the well of our democracy. congressional republicans don't have the evidence. they don't have the proof. they don't have anything. neither does the president, congress,

congressional republicans are deliberately casting doubt on our elections for no other reason, but fear of donald trump. oh, earlier i spoke to michael link. he is a member of the german parliament and he was the chief election observer for the organization for security and cooperation in europe, which has a team in the us. i started by asking him if chuck schumer is right when he says that there's absolutely no evidence of voter fraud and sexual has rights. there is indeed no evidence for that. and the allegations of the president and it's obvious legal team are up to no basis of call. we are neutral as observers, but we have to consider what is being brought to the court. and until now, no, the allegations have been baseless and we are increasingly worried, since, by the way, what team is the observer team still on the ground, all experts, despite me being that whom we are increasingly it's that transition is being put in

danger by what is happening right now with the latest acts and with the latest comportment of the president. what are you most concerned about? i know that in the reports that the always see has published there was concern that polarized politics in america are damaging democracy. but now that we have the post-election paralysis, what do you see is the biggest danger? well, the biggest danger is, of course, that election results as being counted orderly by the states are not being recognized. let me give you an example. in the usa, we have for this in europe,, few nooner institution of the g.s.a., the general services administration. and as long as the g.s. 8 is not a doubt to a certain the election results, the elected president, the president elect,

will not get the necessary resources or intelligence that he needs in order to prepare for his taking office. so that is indeed a concern. and the 2nd concern is, of course, that the acts of the incumbent president could of course, that motivate his militarised office or some office there in militant partisans to take the streets and not to accept the orderly election result yet. and it's, it's amazing that someone in your position can say these things about the, the american democracy. but that is indeed the situation that the country is in tonight. what is this doing to the perception of the united states as a big can of functioning democracy in the world? you can be sure that of course we don't take that easy. we are neutral observers from the o.e.c.d. will be a bound by the commitments offer what has been passed by consensus, by the way,

with the consent of the usa in the 1990 s. . and that is what we are actually checking. but when we see that somebody, of course is not for doing the rules which have been agreed to both in us legislation and in international standards. you know, we see then we have to speak out. that is not a partisan statement. that is, of course, a signalling off an alarm when we see that somebody does not photo. of course, the rules, the o.e.c.d. commitments clearly say that election results have to be counted to the end and that electoral in ministration and the laws of election and mr. asian have to be respected. the president has no competence whatsoever on the administration of elections, that is the 1st, was it realm of the states in the usa, and they diligently follow the process? yeah, that's true of all of the state election officials have said what you have said

tonight that there were no reports of gross negligence or irregularities in the election. mr. michel make a member of the german parliament and she for action observer with the oas. see him, mr. nic. we appreciate your time and your insights and i thank you. thank you very much. well, here's a look now at some of the other stories that are making headlines around the world, at least 74 migrants have reportedly drowned after their boat heading for europe capsized off the coast of libya. more than 100 people were on board near the port of the libyan coast guard rescued. more than 40 people, police in armenia have arrested leading opposition, figures for protesting against a russian brokered peace deal. it aims to end weeks of fighting with eyes or by john. the deal gives up in large parts of the disputed region of nagorno-karabakh. now that provision has prompted thousands to call for the resignation of armenia's . prime minister. china has condemned the mass resignation of pro-democracy

lawmakers in hong kong as a political farce. and blatant challenge. 15 opposition legislators stepped down after 4 of their colleagues were expelled under new powers, allowing for the removal of members of the territories parliament who are deemed to be disloyal to china. it is a radical change to hong kong's legislature, the seats they usually occupied, my home kong's democratic column and syrians, but now they're empty. as the session got underway a day after the mass walkouts, one of the little mike is resigning in solidarity, protested. he rolled out a banner in the foyer, criticizing city leaders carry lambs decision to disqualify the legislative council as not long afterwards. the lawmakers took part in their last act formally handing in their resignation, letters they cues beijing of trying to remove the city's autonomy and

shrines. in hong kong's basic law, we all know that the federal government, the big government can always say everything is right because they have alternate theories of home. but the point is not that you can comment is that yeah, we've always on the 15 lawmakers informally resigned on wednesday in solidarity with their colleagues who were deemed threats to national security by joining and expelled from the assembly. but pro beijing lawmakers dismissed the opposition's resignations as a political show by, you know, what? i don't knock out. it's basically a farce. it's blackmail, and it violates the voters trust departs from what they call the principle of democracy. and it clearly shows they're against the central government and beijing

denies its restricting hong kong special freedoms and says, what should happen in the territory is for it alone to decide jungle. hong kong's legislative council is china's domestic offish. you know what the country has the right to comment and to fear this moment is walk out of vogue, strong feelings in the city, a mighty t. get. i'm very thrilled and i support the disqualification of the law make is that i've been creating chaos in hong kong. and they are against every policy of china that i've been angry because it isn't all about hong kong people. it's about all the people i live beyond the lawmakers, resignations are a sign of escalating tensions between hong kong's ruling executive and the pro-democracy movement, which is determined to show the fight is not over yet. and that the future of

afghanistan is full of threats. there is the taliban and the increasing attacks claimed by a so-called islamic state. earlier this month, a gunman stormed kabul university, killing 32 people. most of them students. there's little confidence that the government can protect the people in afghanistan, and there is even less open the government negotiating and 2 years of fighting law students at john one jot still finds it hard to go anywhere near the university of kabul. he was taking part in a seminar when the attackers came, he seeing his fellow students for the 1st time since the attack. the only topic of conversation is how they managed to survive. that day when they heard the shots, they knew something terrible was happening. everyone was screaming, but suddenly it was quiet and we heard someone saying a prayer behind the door that was the suicide bomber right before he blew himself

up. it's only thanks to god that we got out alive. not everyone was so lucky. 32 people died in the attack and more than 50 the attackers left a taliban flag behind the islamic state later claimed responsibility by jumping out of his physical wounds are one thing, but his emotional trauma runs deep changed my life completely. all the goals i had before, my life was carefree, but it isn't anymore. i think about my friends at university who i couldn't help the ones who didn't make it across the country. there were similar attacks almost every day. there were more than 50 deaths and hundreds of injured.

the spiral of violence is growing worse, and the islamic state is kind of the attacks. their base of support is growing. and speaking out for a long time, the afghan people supported the taliban. they bought them ammunition and weapons, but that's over. the taliban are negotiating with the invaders from the u.s. . they are traitors. they don't want to kill americans anymore. they act against devout muslims. this man is in a mosque outside of. he preaches the word of the islamic state. he says the group's goal of a caliphate in afghanistan justifies its violence. afghans don't want democracy, that's a western invention. we need extremists and a dictatorship for this country. we are real muslims and that's why we support the

dictatorship and not the liberal elites. feminine democracy. like many of his generation long believed that it was possible to negotiate with the radicals. he doesn't believe that anymore. after all the attacks people here have become very pessimistic. me too. i don't believe that there will be peace anytime soon. to get a sense of what afghanistan was like as a peaceful country, such as it has to ask his grandmother. there's been nothing but war here for 40 years. he'd like to change that. but he has no idea how. after a short break, i'll be back to take you through the day. stay with us. to

go home for more formal form

of the morning. i can't sleep because you're bored. and zuma in this war, swallow for the good news. all the rules, there's no use, no love, no love for the wicked doesn't want kids remember her. canceling her current story. our current with him had to be done and it does because when i and if i had known to be small,

i never would have gone on the train for the beauty of it not to put myself and my parents. and i'm trying to do, but it's a theme that if they were in front of the hut that one with the news of i had a serious problems on a personal level. and i was unable to live there. that's. i'm going to want to know their story. in full migrants, terrified to get reliable information for margaret's, u.s. president truong predicted that the media would stop talking about the coronavirus pandemic a day after the election. well, the election was more than a week ago, and people are getting sick like never before midnight seen hospitalizations. are at an all time high here in europe 2 weeks into their 2nd national lockdowns, germany and france say that the surge in new infections is slowing. the probability

of catching the virus is going down. the likelihood of a no walk down christmas is not.