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was the palace of justice in nuremberg. after the 2nd world war, nearly $200.00 defendants were brought here to be held accountable for 12 years of dictatorship, military aggression, tera and mass murder. at the heart of proceedings was the international military tribunals which trying to keep a war criminals from germany. the 4 victorious powers responded to the nazis once in a millennium crimes. with a once in a millennium trial, on nov 20th, 1945 some 20 high ranking non-si leaders were brought by elevator to the court in room $600.00. the former rights mashal hermann goering willingly took on the role of most senior nazi. he was followed by grand admiral col dunnett's, whom hitler had appointed as president of the reich in his will. and rudolf hess,

hitler's former deputy defendants never showed the slightest remorse. it was part of their stults, their pride to insist that they were right all the time and would do it again. as they stood accused of conspiracy to carry out wars of aggression, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. the defendants were ruthless ministers and fanatical ideologues, merciless military commanders and barbaric in forces of hitler's maniacal will. they come into the dark as if this was not a fair proceeding, as if they knew they were going to hang already. why go through this thing that the allies were being pushed unfair about that person for the 1st time in history, an entire states leadership in the dark to the high ranking nazi officials and

military leaders. it was a case of the winners putting the losers on trial. it's got to be at the time. i couldn't imagine that there were any reasonable grounds on which to accuse these nail. later. of course, i understood it better. this official, no movie torrijos, nation or alliance, had ever attempted anything as bold or complex as what the allies were now doing with the surviving representatives of the 3rd reich. the prosecutor's goal was nothing less than a global realignment brought about through the little. this was not a trial of germans all. this was a trial for humanity. this was a trial has to prove that. tell me, fell, raising its head again and the only place in the world. of the

nuremberg 945 the old imperial city of the middle ages lay in ruins. after nearly 6 years of war, nazi germany had capitulated unconditionally 60000000. people were dead. the cost of that off hitler's murderous quest for world domination. germans who once zealously followed their few are now wanted to forget the main concern for most people was overcoming hunger and hardship. they weren't interested in the fate of the nazi leadership. in may when rice marshall, hermann goering was taken prisoner in austria. it became clear that this war was not going to end the way those in the history books had. gurning had been certain, the americans would accept him as negotiator. but then he had to surrender his pistol and was arrested even then,

during still believe the victorious allies couldn't govern germany without him being charged with a crime, seemed completely out of the question. american reporters were allowed to interview goering. he used his skill in chan to set himself apart from the realities of the war. he claimed to have fallen out with hitler some time earlier. if he'd known what was happening in the concentration camps, he said he would have taken vigorous action. he wanted to be now after him is there a number of the net which of course is interesting because i have selected donet that i've done it to be it successful. never really accepted that and you could sense sort of a feeling of upstaging. he was still

a man who had perhaps chosen to be the number 2 man, and he should have been the right foot successor to i don't think like he thought he was going into exile or go to as a sense ishtar like napoleon, but not even his own people would accept the vein going as their new fuehrer in flensburg, in may. 945 grand admiral calderon, it's as hitler's successor, appointed high profile. nazis like armaments minister, albert spear, and high ranking military commanders like alfred your dil, to his cabinet. they acted as if they govern germany holding daily meetings. but they had no power. the most important perpetrators were already dead. both adult, hitler and propaganda minister yourself gerbils had taken their own lives. in

berlin, the russians displayed gerbils charred body. with the help of a cyanide capsule, s.s. leader heinrich himmler also evaded prosecution. he had tried in vain to join doenitz. his government disguised as a regular soldier. himmler was picked up by a british patrol before committing suicide. at the end of the war, the nazis monstrous crimes had come to light. when the americans liberated order of concentration camp into riga, they found few survivors. the conditions were indescribable. along with the u.s. troops, specialists came to the liberated camps to secure evidence and to arrest potential war criminals. my mind just refused to grasp what my eyes saw. i was coming in there to prove the crimes. and these people who are lying in the jury,

mostly you couldn't tell if they were dead or alive if they stirred. it was unusual . these were objects and you cannot look upon them as human beings. they didn't look like human beings, many of them as flagrant as the nazis inhuman policies were. it was still an incredibly complicated task for investigators to bring those responsible to justice. the crime of genocide didn't exist and there was no legal mechanism to prosecute the internal affairs of a terrorist state. but the majority of germany's victims came from the occupied countries of europe. that gave the allies the opportunity to criminally, prosecute the 3rd reich. it was to bring to trial those whom we had captured because he had committed crimes against allied soldiers in war time,

clear violation of the rules of war or had been captured in concentration camps liberated by the allies. you had a perfect case. there was nothing more to be said to prove that these were enormous crimes which were being systematically committed by everyone connected with that camp. and that's what we did and it didn't take very long. the idea for the nuremberg trials dates back to the summer of 1944. when u.s. president franklin delano roosevelt told officials in washington to devise strategies for bringing war criminals to justice. for a long time, the allies were divided over the best way to punish those responsible. british prime minister, winston churchill thought hitler's in a circle show would be shot without trial. at the tehran conference, the allies didn't rule out executing 52100000,

german war criminals. soviet leader joseph stalin raised the idea of an international criminal trial. finally, the us department of war developed the plan for the nuremberg trials. nazi leaders would have to be charged as criminal conspirators who had together planned wars of aggression, then carried out countless crimes and atrocities. that was a concept that we were charged days. they didn't defend us with conspiring getting together. and plotting to see is control of the german government and subject in the german people to which dictatorial control making the german people themselves victims and eliminating freedom in germany, eliminated the moccasin, establishing a ruthless dictatorship. and then having done that,

that's the conspiracy. then committing the crimes that they did in the name of the german people there was skepticism in the halls of the us supreme court. it was feared the trials could become something of an internationally sanctioned lynch mob. initially, federal judge, robert jackson wasn't a supporter of the trials. but when asked by president harold truman, he willingly took on the task of organizing them. he saw it as a unique opportunity to develop new international laws that would outlaw war once and for all. jackson hears from all of his peers and friends and contacts in the government in the bar, even colleagues on the supreme court. and he encounters a lot of skepticism from all of those people, skepticism about the precedent and the law on which this task can occur. skepticism about the time and difficulty of accomplishing this skepticism about the

benefits at the end of the process. in terms of justice, in terms of deterrents. for jackson, the focus wasn't on the crime of the holocaust, but on the military, aggression of hitler and his accomplices. in his view, the attacks on poland and the soviet union made a mockery of the principle that so from states have the right to wage war. the war making was not illegal justified in making. and jackson felt that this was a woman that the time had come for the law to take a step forward. this was the right time and the right place for people to express the idea which was fundamental to jackson. that war making itself is the supreme international crime and aggression. aggressive war should be condemned as a crime. and the convention that we have an opportunity to bring to it just

judgment. those who have thought it safe to wage a restive on may 23rd, 1945, the puppet government of grand, admiral dune, it's in flensburg was dissolved and its members arrested. the allies were compiling lists of wanted nazi figure is gradually the net was closing around the 3rd reich. slade is non-si, germany's most prominent you. leo strike pretended to be a painter in bavaria. but he was recognised by chance by a us officer. robert lined the head of the german labor front, had grown a beard to avoid detection, but that didn't get him very far. the arrested nazi leaders were taken to the bad mundo of internment camp in luxembourg. the americans compared the

detainees in the former palace hotel to garbage. calling it camp ash can care. mongering was among 86, 3rd reich dignitaries, held prisoner and interrogated in bad monday off. he reportedly said that this might have been an appropriate way to treat what he called historical personages, but only he was really big enough to face judgment. it was a sentiment that hitler's other ministers, military and party leaders probably wouldn't have objected to. on june 22nd, investigators processed him and gearing just like any other suspected criminal in bug off the drug addicted rights, mashal was made to stop using morphine and soon regained his old strength. those from the former reich, government of khaldoon. it didn't recognize his claim to leadership. american lead prosecutor, robert jackson completed his preparations in washington and then flew to london.

jackson wanted to convince the allies of his vision of an international court while avoiding any appearance that the victors were abusing their power. meanwhile, his team was sifting through evidence. he finds out that there's no case ready to go. and if there's really not very much evidence connected to individuals, it's one thing to have a general sense of atrocities and misconduct at the governmental level. but a prosecutor needs individual specific items of evidence, witnesses, documents, etc, to go forward into court. investigators in berlin were making progress on that front. they discovered that the germans had documented many details of their crimes . it seems they hadn't been able to destroy everything in the final stages of the war. searching for.