by using the edge of a towel wrapping around his neck and hanging over standpipe with a flush button. he ripped his underwear under the covers of his bed even though a guard was watching him out of town and they were so it would make a noise. when gag, then they literally strangled him so he was short enough that he could do this. you have been tall or where been very difficult and never the end of robert lines committed service. after that incident, a guard was permanently posted in front of each cell door. cell lights were left on day and night. the accused were only allowed to sleep on their backs, with their hands over the covers. guards were able to enter cells within seconds. it was hoped these measures would prevent further suicides. the strict security measures were also imposed in the courthouse. on nov 20th,

$945.00, the international military tribunals at nuremberg began its proceedings against $22.00 representatives of the 3rd reich. the accused had to answer for 12 years of dictatorship. in the eyes of prosecutors, they were conspirators against civilization. as one newspaper put it, the last judgment was in session. and the procedure for bringing the accused to the courtroom was precise and elevator, carried them directly from the prison to room 600, always. 3 is the time initially, only journalists from the victorious side were allowed in the courtroom. the appearance of the nazi leaders had a big impression on legendary newsman walter cronkite. then a young reporter they come into the dock as if this was not

a fair proceed, as if they knew they were going to hang already. why go through with this thing that the allies were being most unfair about this occurs during clearly the number one seed in the front row sat there. as the walsh who had no del, he felt that he ran the show cronkite would later write. i wanted to speak on them. i thought them lower than the deuce on the street. the stage was since many germans believed that the trial was nearly allied propaganda. it only remains for me to direct in accordance with the provisions of the charter.

that the indictment should not be writ, summarized over 85 pages. it was a new, endless list of german crimes. here in the respect here and i have to set up crimes against crime. i'm crimes against humanity and iconic landmark comes to commit crimes all as. 3 defined in the charter of the tribe and a card of my name as a defendant and as indicted on the counts. yet i have to set out. i'm on the have a group. i would have to walk him from ribbentrop villa have asked not

armstrong you years right? erich ritter for the 1st time in history interpreters, similar taney asli translated court proceedings. he took one and a half days to read the indictment. then the accused were told to respond to the charges. jackson son william was assisting his father. he was in the courtroom that day. at the very opening of the trial was

read and each defendant was called upon to plead to it. plead guilty. not guilty or guilty with an explanation, tried to call the 1st and he stood up with a piece of paper in his hand and said, before i respond, i wish to say the following. for the scottish law to me, surely you can try be able to cut him short. you were here to plead guilty not guilty or guilty with an explanation that remonstrance became if you did, i think that was an indication of

his ability to try to find an opening to present what he wanted to say. rather than what he was being asked rudolf he'd lose form a deputy was briefed. i'm going to repeat this because to me then it was get an understanding commission spot, but what i could shift it heedless. vice chancellor friends. fun pop. i'm going to be kind of tired shorty.

we're not guilty. well, it's a criminal trial if they pleaded guilty, they're like so i would have the sense. they have a they wanted to defend themselves as betsy, and many of them said not guilty in the sense of the end. dykeman, not healed. in the sense of the end. there was a way that they were charged as they were not. they knew they were killed to some extent, but that was another way they responded. but jackson was satisfied. in his view, the very presence of going into his co-defendants was a triumph the 1st step towards a more just world with jackson himself. the orchestrator of this global justice, he later said the proceedings were invested with a melancholy grand jury. that must have been the mood when jackson addressed the

court laying out the prosecution's case. it was extremely important for jackson to be the person who delivered the opening speech. that was the jobs pinnacle moment, as he understood it. when he took it to be, the prosecutor meant to stand up for the allied nations and bring this case international lore is based on custom, jackson argued. it exists because it is followed the world over. and anyone wanting to reshape international law must convince the whole world the privilege of opening the 1st trial in history. for crimes against the peace of the world, imposes a grave responsibility. the wrongs which we seek to condemn and

punish have been so calculated. some malignant, i'm so devastating that civilization cannot tolerate their being ignored because it cannot survive there being repeated. but that set the tone not only for the speech which follow but for the entire trial. this was not a trial of germans of all. this was a trial for humanity. this was a trial. it is to prevent terror in the racing, its head again, and any place in the world that far great nations. flushed with victory and stung with injury, stay the hand of vengeance and voluntarily submit their captive enemies. to the judgment of the law. is one of the most significant tributes. that's how our

house ever paid for stories. american journalist, william shire, i would write my spine thrall, does jackson used the power of language to build up his masterly case against the nazi barbarism? the eloquence of it, the power of it was immediate and enormous. the defendants were, you know, sort of knocked back in the box and word of very depressed lot as they returned to their lunch room in the middle of it and to their cells at the end of the day. because this was really their 1st experience of jackson in action in the courtroom . and they, in a new way, understood that they were up against a civilization. jackson said, asks where the law is so legged as to be utterly helpless to deal with crimes of this magnitude by criminals, of this order of importance. all

documents presented to the court had to be in 4 languages, available to all prosecutors and defense attorneys. the evidence came in a steady stream of sharia would note in his diary that no other tribunals in history came close to this one. the nazi defendants, he wrote a going to be convicted by their own words, their own records, their own foul deeds. the idiots wrote everything down, shire added that in the chaos of the war's end, they weren't able to destroy the evidence. father knew the dangers of using witnesses, particularly witnesses from the other side. and he felt the

bedrock of the case had to be documentary because we had so many documents. there were all over the signatures of these defendants. and my father said, you know, you can't cross-examine a document, it's there. and he felt that there was incontrovertibly evidence as true responsibility of most if not all of these defendants in the documents that came from their offices and over their own strangers. the sensational documents soon led to a dispute between prosecution and defense. robert jackson wanted to speed up the proceedings by using certified summaries, but the defense lawyers insisted on complete readings in court. during the agonizingly long readings, the accused were left to their thoughts. one of them hans frank described division

. we sit opposite the court, he wrote, and the train of the dead goes endlessly by without ever being interrupted. pale and one without sound. in the dim yellow, gray, light of eternity, the stream of misery flows on actually, rivers just shows. it shows that those who wait for years

it's what keeps us in shape. what makes us sick and how my name is dr. i talk to medical waste and watch them at work. and i discuss what you can do to improve your health. stay tuned and let's all try to stay in 60 w. i'm sure that it was in support of what was said before the debris about

this is david lee, news live from building thousands of donald trump. supporters gathered in washington to rally against the results of the u.s. presidential election. and he makes of surprise appearance himself in his motorcade . protesters with unfounded claims of the traffic free was stolen. voting for also coming up. fears of a civil war rise in ethiopia has thousands of displaced. government accuses the rebel force in the northern pink drive region of farming rockets into other parts

of the country, even beyond. and oculus just wrapped a new find that more than $100.00 to gyptian mummies found in an ancient symmetries need clive's. and i think howard welcome supporters of u.s. president donald trump filled the streets of washington on saturday to back his unsubstantiated claims of election fraud. the outgoing president made a surprise appearance at the rally, greeting supporters from the window of his motorcade, as he was on his way to play golf. the demonstrators say vote rigging deny drunk victory last week, but election officials say that's not the case. and they aren't ready to say goodbye to u.s. president, donald trump. thousands of protesters march in the nation's capital in defiance of

the election results for them. president elect joe biden stick turi is fake news. like if you look behind me right now, and you tell me that biden won this election, you're absolutely insane. the deep sea is all against john, doesn't matter. everyone's against him. don't believe a 2nd. there's tons of voter fraud out there. so much evidence that he was there is no evidence or times of evidence deny. and the result of the vote count. turning a deaf ear to state election leaders from both parties and ignoring court rulings and judges and very swing states. they march, they insist the election was rigged, and that this fight isn't over. it's still ongoing. trump is the one for us. it's like fake news is complete all of it. it's like file real news and you'll be able to find out the truth. president donald trump and his lawyer, hers have not presented evidence of voter fraud in their numerous lawsuits. still,

his supporters take him at his word. they believe he was victorious, and his win snatched away by the democrats. will be the top. i think that's why we're going to stop the city president elect, joe biden, and vice president elect. kamel harris won a 2020 presidential election by taking back the traditional democratic strongholds of michigan, wisconsin, and pennsylvania. and by winning 3 states, they usually vote for republicans me but trump isn't admitting defeat. in fact, on his way to another round of coffee. he jokes by protesters smiling and waving, thanking them for their blind loyalty. and they say they won't believe the results until they hear trump himself concede. now as day turned to not in washington d.c. count, a protest has hit the streets. they doubled the stephens in once, did too, and spoke as he was mitt being moved by police back away from their protective ring

around trump. supporters. what was we were going to war? ok now let's work we're working with don't stop, let us work. thank you. so what was, what was a peaceful, peaceful protest day here in washington, d.c. with tens of thousands of from supporters descending on washington d.c. . the mood has changed here with nice police, a little bit nervous from supporters. are you a bit nervous? sizable crowd, that crowds that are protesters. so, very nervous changes are why we are actually going to see more right here a little bit. saw the police live here on the race to separate those 2 from each other. the white house is just down the street here. your use was a protest and they still a protest force is going to try to bring the people here today to tell

you will not believe that doldrums lost their president was over the election. you may be afraid you may have been, this was my go to america grave again event, but also for you for sure. and from stephens a month on the streets of washington d.c. . let's take a look now at some of the other stories making headlines around the world. thousands of anti-government protesters in thailand have gathered at bangkok's democracy monument. they dropped it with a giant cloth expressing their wishes for reforms. protests began in july, initially seeking the removal of the prime minister, a former jauntily in romania, a fire at a hospital treating coronavirus. patients was killed 10 people and critically injured 7 others local authorities on them in the northern city of p.r. . it's confirmed that the blaze spread through the hospital's intensive care ward

health minister, who said the fire was most likely triggered by a short circuit, is ready police forcefully removed. protesters from outside prime minister benjamin netanyahu is official residence where several 1000 people had gathered to call for his resignation. demonstrations have been taking place for around 5 months with protesters are doing. netanyahu is unfit to lead while he is on trial on corruption charges. in the east africa fear is growing about the conflict in no than dr. region spilling over the border into neighboring iraq trip . diplomatic sources said rockets from tikrit, i hit the capital trail on saturday. those strikes if you're a true the same day, the central government forces in a foreign rockets into the night bring region. well, thousands of civilians have fled the fighting,

many with harrowing stories. i know this woman is crying for her last. he died on saturday in fighting inside to cry. this mother is one of thousands of ethiopian refugees. crossing the border into sudan. they're fleeing the fear and chaos of the latest fighting in northern ethiopia. forces entered and burned our homes and killed people. left us with nothing. so we fled here to see done. got our enemies and there is no food. there is looting. we lost our belongings. i lost my siblings. we came to sit down on fruit and my children are not eating. so

the exodus comes as amnesty international reports, evidence of a civilian massacre in the tion of my could draw in the northern to cry. region. witnesses say the victims were hacked or stabbed to death. most are believed to be ethnic amar as a people with a long history of tensions with to cry. it's still unclear who is responsible for the mass killings follow days of clashes between the ethiopian army and to cry in forces which are still ongoing. thousands of ammara militia, men have headed towards to gripe to fight alongside federal troops. the un human rights commission is voicing alarm. the high commissioner is calling for a full inquiry, if confirmed as having been deliberately carried out by a party to the current fighting. these killings of civilians would, of course, amount to war crimes, but to cry region is the latest crisis in ethiopia is complex ethnic politics to cry in is controlled ethiopia central government for 30 years. but their power has

waned under prime minister. at the aftermath. he came to power in 2018. increasing resentment and tensions became open. defiance in september, went to cry, rejected the central government's authority and held its own elections. the government is vying to crush what it calls a rebellion. let's just move. it is told and fugitive and brought to justice as civilians. fears are amounting that if you could be at the beginning of a protracted and bloody civil war to go into a strict 3 week lockdown to stand a shop risin, run a virus infections on tuesday. the country hit a record $9600.00 infections on friday and made it one of the steepest spots in

europe. austria hopes its lead. this measures will ease the stress on its health care system school's out. but the mood is far from jubilant. these children and their parents in austria had been hoping that lessons would continue. despite the climbing coronavirus figures. the school should stay open. that is, i also hope that as course they open, it will be easier for the children. they have their daily schedule there, and the teachers are better trained than the parents. on saturday, chancellor sebastian cordes was forced to disappoint them, as well as closing schools and shuttering non-essential shops. he had this drastic appeal. if this you need me to anyone. every social contact is one too many. you spend your free time exclusively with the people in your household. and if you live alone, identify one person that you will stay in personal contact with. on this

lockdowns, you have certainly can contact in poland to surging figures. more temporary hospitals are being created in of these to cope with. the increase in the country reported a wreck or daily high of coronavirus related deaths on saturday. this pushes the toll to over 10000 on the streets, the dawning realisation that this christmas could be very different from the last one to have. it's a little bit depressing. the atmosphere is sad such a sad time despite the fact that the holidays are coming. when it's definitely a bit scared, that if you have to go out, you have to do it. but normally you choose to stay at home. across the border in germany, the mood is somber to 2 weeks into a limited lockdown. the number of new infections remains high. in her weekly online

video, the chancellor urged people to prepare for hard months to come. the winter ahead will be very demanding for all of us. the virus will govern our lives for quite some time yet. on monday, the german government will decide whether the partial lockdown rules currently in place are working or whether new measures will be needed. international football now in germany have begun ukraine $31.00 in the nation's lake after falling behind by one goal early on 1st by minix labor, oisin a. net of the equaliser, and then chelsea's team of valor hit the target twice to secure the win. germany will now face spying on tuesday with the 1st place in the group on the line, the nation's league leaned into next summer's european championships in formula one and canadian lance trouble starts sunday's turkish grand prey on pole position ending mercedes season long monopoly on that place. resting point driver stuns the

competition to take his 1st in a career poll in slickly with conditions that is temple park. 22 year old stroll is the 1st canadian to start on pole since $9297.00 championship leader of the us. hamilton hamilton rather 6 on the grid. now gyptian officials have announced the discovery of more than 100 well preserved guy. some 2700 years old. not far from the capital karo that were found in a massive cemetery for the rich and powerful of ancient egypt. today they opened one of the stone coffins and examined the mummy inside in front of a crowd of onlookers. this is a 1st for egypt. never before has a mummy been x. rayed and public. the technique can shed light on past practices using the images of the skull. for example,

archeologists can tell how the brain was removed from the corpse. industries in that city through the one that knows is that so close to this a car of paramedics, archaeologists have discovered more than 100 ancient sarcophagus. i occasionally is not just reserved for a royalty for the pharaohs. it was a status symbol. and you could go into a shop and buy yourself a stone coffin, if you had the money. so the guys image of mine despite there being a discovered city, i like to have this one who watches this one so used to live and didn't offer him for the moment that all body longs for the archaeologists expect to find more mummies at this massive burial site of the gyptian capital cairo.

watching news all have more headlines for you at the top of the hour. if you can't white, you can always step to that on our web site. that's the death of the dot com in the time of the day. for now though, i'm anthony howard from 8 and the entire team here in berlin. thanks for watching. w.'s crime fighters are back to africa's most successful radio drama series continues from olympus odes are available online discourse. you can share and discuss on w. africa's facebook page and other social media platforms to crime fighters. tune in . now the missionary and a pragmatist, a diplomat who always gets straight to the point of the.