a search will update to brad to go up moving up the top of the hour. business updates with robots is next. a good in the height of climate change conference for the city. what's in store? on tuesday, for the future must come from to major cities to get insight into how does a virus spread? why do we parent? and when will all this produce 3 of the topics covered and

a weekly radio show is called spectrum. if you would like any information on the krona virus or any other science topic, you should really check out our podcast. you can get it wherever you get your podcast. you can also find us and science., the 737 max can fly again in the u.s., at least after 2 fatal crashes. boeing's allied has been grounded for over 18 months, but the federal aviation administration says it's now 100 percent confident in its safety. also coming up south africa's investment conference, the country is hoping the best this can help reignite an economy that was struggling even before the coronavirus pandemic drove unemployment to record levels

and female plantation workers speak out about the high price that they are having to pay in the production of palm oil. do we have business? i robots in berlin. welcome to the program. boeing is getting the green light for its 737 max. the us federal aviation administration has announced that the plane can take to the skies again after it was grounded in march of last year, following 2 crashes. at the time he was the company's top selling model, but the announcement still doesn't reverse boeing's massive financial problems. the company has been incurring huge losses and has said it will cut more than 30000 jobs. the grounding of the 737 max is estimated to have cost boeing as much as $20000000000.00 through compensating airlines and having aircraft recertified buyers have canceled more than a 1000 orders for the $737.00. max is in recent months, a $410.00 aircraft, a still on hold waiting to be delivered. each one needs to pass flight safety tests

before it'll be allowed to takeoff. boeing is unlikely to post profits for years now. well, as discussed, there's a bit more with alison stewart, alan, she's chief executive of international market partners and joins us from london is great to have you on the program. just explain to us how much damage this whole saga has done to boeing's refutation. well, the reputational risk arose at the very start with the grounding of this 73737 max jet. and what should have happened was that the leaders of the business at that time, of course, the c.e.o. has since been replaced. perhaps they're linked events, but we didn't hear very much from mr. mullen bergan. at that point. he wasn't on t.v. . he wasn't communicating with passengers with the airlines about what it all means

and what they should do with this very expensive asset. so it all started really with silence. and if you're in a crisis, being silent is not the answer. yes' custom $20000000000.00 to see. how would you rate that crisis management? well, it's a case study in what not to do very much like, you know, british petroleum or b.p. when it had its macondo well to sastre some years ago. this is a very similar situation in some ways because we, you know, the stakeholders who include all of these bodies, staff passengers, airlines airports. i could go on with the number of them all need to have a clear message about what exactly boeing is going to do. what's their action plan, and when is it going to come into effect? and how do you reassure the flying public that they don't get on a 737 max jet?

this is likely to crash. all of those messages need to be communicated by the top leadership of the business, the c.e.o. and the leadership team. and we just didn't see them. i give them probably a 4 out of 10. that's not so great. yeah, of course, reinstalling public confidence in this plane is a huge question. but for the airlines, many of them placed these orders long before the coronavirus came and made a mess of the airline industry. will a lot of those airlines of change their strategy completely since that they have and the thing that happens in all businesses is that markets evolve and technology helps those markets evolve. consumer preferences, hope, those markets of all of them. the thing that is going to be even more problematic for bradley is that once the flying public, very slowly, incrementally return to the skies,

other aircraft will come on to the market eventually, maybe sooner than later, with alternative greener credentials, hydrogen solar, all of these, you know, greener approaches to air travel are being developed as we speak. so you've got a legacy asset in the form of this 737 max. it's not going to be significantly upgraded. and yet, you know, it's sort of like buying an old car who wants to find all carwyn new ones may well be available. so that's the biggest challenge for boeing. plus, as you say, the business model will change. carriers are going to change the way that they promote and the way they price their seats and the aircraft that they use. alison stewart allen from international marketing plan as thanks for bringing as your expertise. and now south africa's annual investment conference is taking place with a renewed urgency as the country struggles to revive its economic fortunes. amid

the coronavirus pandemic, the government has called on investors to help reignite economic growth and boost confidence in the country's post. pandemic recovery 2. previous editions of the conference helped generate some 35000000000 euro as an investment south africa is desperate to create jobs after unemployment, across the 30 percent mark last week. but our correspondent in south africa, adrienne krishna is at the investment conference for us. he's been speaking to economic advisor to president sarah, pose a true moody's possibly this week again, downgrade south africa. and survey actually said that by 2022, the debt to g.d.p. ratio might surprise 100 percent the country is quite broke, isn't that? i wouldn't think quite group. we're under fiscal strain, like most countries, i think we went in to close it with limited fiscal space. so that is one thing that

might come to an away from one has to admit that. but if you look at our debt to g.d.p. ratio, i mean, you know, we have the g. 20 summit coming up over the weekend. if you compare us to the g 20 countries in terms of how much we increased debt to deal with that. and we're irish, it's, we're comparable, we're not an outlier. it is a shock to us that given where we're coming from, where there was a time when the government had really been constrained contained coming from where we were like the center. so to where we're going, it is quite a shock, but we've had to admit that in an emerging economy that's developing with not a pandemic added to the mix. we have to consolidate fiscal stance, but it has to be gentle. it can be that we in the middle of a crisis, south africa has massive social challenges. very high crime rate, incredible high murder rate, for example, from the feedback you get from potential investors. are they rather scared at that point of time? are they saying ok,

let's give it some time and wait and see where the country goes. i assume. doesn't that we've seen before when the president came into office and no, it's still there. i think the enthusiasm is still there. you know, you'd appreciate, you know, if you look at investors, german investors, for instance, many of them have been here for decades. and so they're able to navigate in the environment and we tried to work with that. we don't abuse the fact that they're familiar with the environment. of course we don't take it for granted. but we have longstanding relationships with business, so they understand the bottom and they understand that relative to other emerging markets, we know we're not all that exceptional. and they also understand that if they want to base themselves on the african continent, is that country that has the sophistication, the financial, the telecom, the international connectivity that's required for them to be effective. so, you know, we do find that investors would obviously prefer for things to be much better, but they willing to work with us to get this little optimism. now,

some of the other global business stories making the news. 2 thirds of german companies are convinced, working from home will play a bigger role in daily life. even after the pandemic. as according to a survey by consulting firm deloitte, it found a majority of companies are ready to invest in home office infrastructure, hoping it will cut workspace, rental costs. stock exchange has suspended trading in shares of the crisis hit airline norwegian. despite an earlier rescue package, the government has denied more aid to the airline which has warned it could run out of cash in the 1st quarter of next year. now, palm oil is almost everywhere. it's inhofe the goods that we buy from the supermarket. 85 percent of the world's supply is produced by indonesia and malaysia . but for female plantation workers, the relentless demand for palm oil comes at a high price. and a.p. investigation has uncovered dangerous working conditions and even sexual abuse. vast swathes of borneo are holding to the most vast the tile and so tough to oil in

the world through an army of invisible women. 3 king their backs harvesting palm oil plants for just $2.00 per day and a lifetime of devastating health problems for it. and that we can feel pain in our stomach and hips as we have to carry 20 kilos. chemical tanks. it's also cost for many of the women borderless, colorless, long lasting. the oil inside the palm fruit is in high demand, often finding its way into so, deodorant, and cosmetics that make up the $500000000000.00 global beauty industry. to satisfy soaring demand for oil producers rely on intensive toxic pesticide use with little protective equipment thought to get them. and i think any month on our findings in column one ton should female workers got pneumonia or were blinded by the past to

say that the toll so happened in sumatra where one was contaminated by habit sites. and the company wouldn't take any responsibility. but women are also vulnerable to sexual abuse. one described going to talk from her boss that went unpunished by police. first of all, he harassed me. then when we were at the plantation, he began to threaten me by saying, if you don't give me your body, i will chop your neck with this axe. and then he started to open my shirt and write to me. when he finished, he spat on me. she now lives with the consequences, another victim of the world, unrelenting consumption of palm oil. now the swiss skiing industry has launched a campaign to save its winter season from the coronavirus downturn. the ski lift

associations are urging locals to hit the slopes after giving up hope that international visitors will be able to travel. the authorities introduced tighter measures at resorts, including mandatory masks on open and closed cable cars. in recent years, the sector has been struggling as the overall number of scares has gone downhill. so from in the business team here in berlin, check out our website business. we're also on facebook and twitter. thanks for joining us and until next time, take up the

conflicts from doing the powerful rooms of the special edition of comfort zone on the crisis in hong kong. over the last, we've interviewed several probate pro-democracy figures. reach out to justify what they've done and say, some of their arguments for food for the rest of conflicts. 60 minutes to dublin. crime fighters are back with the

africa's most successful radio drama series continues. all of us are available online. of course you can share on disco song, w, africa's face for other social media platforms to tune in. now this is africa on the program today. the conflicts in though mad sad part is sario heart. a bolt that separates territory controlled by each party is at the center of the dispute. irrigation technology is replacing the field irrigation pumps in one.