oh, someone 10000000 people in the world this think they have no nationality, i'm told they don't belong there. but everyone has the right to everyone has the right to say this is d.w. news and these are our top stories. u.s. drug giant pfizer and its german partner by own take say they've asked the u.s. food and drug administration for emergency approval of their covert 19 vaccine. the firm say the vaccine was 95 percent effective in a large scale trial. and they believe they could begin distribution by mid or late december. police in south africa have clashed with anti racism. protests is in cape town. hundreds of members of the left wing economic

freedom fighters group were demonstrating near a school said to have held an all whites dance party in october. south africa's president has called for an investigation, just scribing the clashes as deeply regrettable german president has taken part in commemorations marking 75 years since the start of the nuremberg trials. 24 high ranking representatives of germany's nazi regime were brought to justice for war crimes, paving the way for the creation of the international criminal court in the hague. this is news from berlin. follow us on twitter and instagram it d w news or visit d w dot com.

hello, welcome loss of significant anniversaries on this edition of arts and culture. november the 20th is world children's day, and this year is also the 100th anniversary of save the children international. also coming up, this year's booker prize is awarded to 1st time author douglas, for his novel shuggie bang. and it is 75 years since the nuremberg trials start and look at the city day and what's happening to the building still standing there, constructed by the nazis every year since $959.00 of the 20th has been world children's day, it was created by the united nations in conjunction with the declaration of children's rights 1st, introduced all matt day in 159, the global charity save the children itself. celebrating 100 years since it was

founded as published, a book featuring stories of children who grew up in war zones and were helped by save the children. the book tells 11 stories of 11 children in conflict, 100 years of save the children. for the projects i'm alive and i took photos of 11 people killed in all of whom were children in school is a free offense tells its own story. god, it doesn't matter if you're in germany or cambodia or wanda, being a child in conflict, it's always the same. the survivors represent the key conflicts of the past century around the world. the project started with a mom, a syrian refugees living in lebanon. a model is somalia is very important for us because she was the 1st one we photographed of another place. it was exciting to

see her transformation as me and she became more and more alive. the more photos i took of her bending the mold, the survivor was a child of the other. surely it was wonderful to work with heavy heart 106 year old ashton. he just stood there and he's changed looking like a young man being human. i was given the d.n.a. reality is everywhere at some point has 9 war before i wanted to bring back that reality bring. the book shows the scars left i was a decades past from cambodia story is often forgotten. guess who to come to shoot or knows how to tell this story. the 53 year old escaped the cambodian genocide and is now a human rights lawyer put in this what links the protagonists is that they all had

a connection to save the children. and so we can show the world the biggest story of war and children when talking about it was interesting taking photos of the different generations. not i need to tell their stories, but at least it was he who was there survived a few 100 years, 10 people plus a baby born this year. at one point, baby regina wrote in chicago, born in a refugee camp in bangladesh, is the 11th child in the book and a symbol of hope for a future without children in warsaw. and joining me is my colleague school rock from scott. you actually had personal involvement in this book project. yes, i was brought a much later, the very good end of it. i did some translation english translation of the book. and yesterday there was the book launch here in berlin. and i moderated sort of the press conference, which was quite amazing because we were able to have many of the survivors

connected via xoom from around the world. so jose from colombia was, was on the line. and also we saw on the piece of a tree the leaks from, from cambodia who survived the marriage and is now a human rights lawyer in cambodia was pretty sick. and the images are striking but walked sense this project apart from resigning. i think it's the idea behind it, which is that they want to show the survivors of conflict and survivors of war differently. i mean, if you look at how most, almost n.g.o.s, most people, the media, when we talk about children in war zones, we show suffering victims. so we show the devastation and then the horrors of war. and critics would say that if you only show those images of children like that in those horrible situations, that you sort of the humanize them, that they're only defined by the suffering that they've, they've gone through. and the idea of this book was to show them in

a different way. so if you take the images on the cover of the book amal, she's a, a refugee from syria. she lives in a refugee camp in lebanon. but look at this image. i mean, she should always be a fashion model. she looks like a beautiful confident, strong young girl, and this is how she wanted to be depicted. so the idea behind this book is to give the power back to the survivors of how they want to be depicted. so they don't be only defined by their suffering, but also by their hopes and dreams of their basically like like all of us. but why show victims or survivors i should say from across a century of conflict, why not concentrate on children today who have suffered from will yet again, the idea behind it is to have the connections. so, i mean, there's no place on the earth that hasn't seen war at some time in its history. and basically the experience of war as a child is, is universal. it's the same everywhere. so whether it's amal's do trial do. so went through war in syria today or the oldest survivor in the book,

which is eric carle who's now a 107 years old german man. he survived the 1st world war as a child, then the nazi era, the 2nd world war. and he, i think really says it best in the book where he says that one of the reasons he's so supportive of syrian refugees in germany now is because he remembers being that starved a child to war when he was a child. and someone helped him. so he wants to, he wants to help the people that i can see you. so you're very emotional about it. it's a very emotional summer is a phenomenal book. stay with us, scott, because we want to talk about another book. it's a booker prize time, and the winner this time, it's going to a 1st time author, my very astute coach, judges, and i have chosen, and that standing with and that is so keeping it 20 book of price story. i'm absolutely stunned.

i didn't expect that whole i'd like to 1st of all just thank my mother. i think i've been clear that my mother is in every page of this book and without her, i wouldn't be here and my work wouldn't be here. you see. and so thank you. now don't go getting very excited. of course, very happy. you're with scott just by chance. this is purely by times. i promise you scott is in the middle of rejig book. so tell us more about yeah, i bought it when it was shortlisted a number of weeks ago, but i didn't get around to read it until starting into it just last week. so i'm right in the beginning of it now. but a really amazing, amazing book. i mean, it's basically about childhood growing up in poverty, in glasgow, in the early eighty's. so sort of the, the factual years. and it's about a young boy who is coming of age in glasgow wall. his mother is basically coming

apart, suffering severe alcoholism and douglas too has set himself. this is very autobiographical . it really is his childhood story. his mother died of alcoholism when he was 16. and what i find interesting about the book is that it's a 1st time novel, but i mean, it's phenomenal. he east such a complete author, his voice is so so clear. and so present. i mean, it's both very gritty and harsh as you'd expect. very raw in the language, but also at times just incredibly beautiful, very, very poetic. i was really struck by it. i mean, it tells quite emotionally powerful moments, but it doesn't help being sort of mock issue or sentimental. i think it's really phenomenal book. i'm really excited to see what, what they'll come up with next. ok. just briefly, the lot of booker prize winners books 1st of all, it makes them really internationally famous. and secondly, sounds a lot of books. and thirdly, sometimes they go to the movies. will this flung transfer to the silver screen?

yeah, it might, might. well do. i mean, you had great, you know, list was originally a booker prize winner and various others, the english patient, booker prize winner, being great films. this film would be more difficult. it's very raw, very, very powerful, but i think will bake into make the maison film if someone could pull off that combination of grit and poets. poetry that he does in the book skull. i was always thank you very much. this week marks the 75th anniversary of the beginning of the nuremberg trials when the nazi leadership were tried for war crimes. at the end of world war 2, the city of nuremberg home to some of the largest buildings built by the nazis will for have a be associated with the darkest pages of german history. so what is happening to these buildings in modern day? nuremberg, which holds such painful memories. 'd 'd the sweeping zeppelin grandstand in nuremberg. 'd it was here in these purpose built grounds that hundreds of thousands of people gathered for nazi rallies led by adolphine. in the

1930 s. each year, some 300000 visitors come to see what remains of the nazi era constructions of these buildings, which is still here today. in a way, a document of the national socialist easier. but a leaked this means that as architectural relics, they represent a visual ideal for their own that the nazi regime. a sad state of the ruins, testified to a dark chapter of germany's story. efforts have been made to demystify them as their plan field has even been opened up to leisure time activities. 'd the delicate balance between remembering the past and opening the space up for a new story. i don't know how much the stadium, the tribune, and the sports facilities around us need, renovating the pitch. works very well as a sports facility without the grandstand. and i'm also concerned that if it's not

renovated now, it will become a kind of memorial place of pilgrimage, finian nazis. and if it's renovated, then perhaps it can be better used to civilian sports purposes. that's why my opinions divided on the part of the nazi party rallies complex. ringback is the unfinished congress hall. the structure is reminiscent of rome's coliseum and would have hosted $50000.00 people. it's one of the largest preserve national socialist buildings. today is house is the documentation center which office visit is insight into the history of the complex ones is deceased. if it's important for us to make the stones tall, supporting, and that's how this means explaining the history behind these buildings. so self being transparent and always insisting on never again as our lesson from this history and on guiding people through the story with all the information we have

for not so many 75 years after the end of the war. nazi party rally grounds stand as a somber reminder of germany's past. its stones will continue to serve as a warning for future generations. finally, an exhibition opening despite corunna of the magnificent guggenheim in bilbao, where 60 works by the russian abstract painter, vasily convinced they are on display. the exhibition is extended until next may, because of a pandemic, as right now, only build ballons can visit museums. so let's view it from afar. i leave you with a taste of candids. get the guggenheim.

what secrets lie behind? discover new adventures in 360 degree and explore the world heritage sites. world heritage 360. get me out now. can you hear me now? oh yes, we don't need you. and i last 2 years german chancellor will bring you an angle, a man called and you've never had to have a surprise yourself with what is possible. who is medical really what moves and want to talk to people who follow along the way. maurice and critics alike join us for metals last august.

finding out how to use this clue to forget what has happened. the nice, i mean they believed all those big. they say you don't feel like you're so when you're high, i'm not, you got me. i don't want that. i got the stuff. you know, i don't remember much of what is happening out in the jails for children. they're like maybe evil dungeons. they're small cells with steel bars on the gates and on the windows being knocked inside. so my, me over crowding in a small space a ruthless war against drugs is being waged in the philippines and a countless number of children are among its casualties. thousands of children live on the streets because their parents are either in prison or dead. a large number of children living on the streets have parents that are too poor to

take care of them. the street is the home for thousands of children whose wellbeing doesn't really interest anyone. christian 17 is the leader of a gang that lives inside a bridge. in manila, the children chose this place to make it harder for adults to reach them, especially the police who often harass children on the streets. i don't know about some of those who live here have parents resembled them and so are my but i knew that that was me now staying here because we all the fact that i'm just on the lamb is a sound that's out. you know, i did

a lot of time in people might end up like this is where we come time. even though it's dangerous here, you know what i'm going to get out, but not me being here is not good for us. and especially when i think about what could happen that morning. i don't, i don't, i'm not enough and i missed every senator minutes and judged me, you know, and i got but there was no use in taking him to the hospital that night when he called for help. no one came up and i see again a lot of money from him to the sitting room enough for me and committed to coming up with the room lead these children would rather risk life on the streets than to be taken into care. which in the philippines works like

a prison. the youngest members of christians gang are only 8 years old. somebody examples? i'm an odd time i got on him a lot and i were hoping to spot the conditions. i knew, i mean, the last of us that although we have problems that go out there, left wondering and you allowed to pull them up. were doing anything other than i mean you not, i'm. 'd not going to go on up omagh, really proud of ourselves right now, given that we can't come to school and that we're not a type that's i mean, i mean without we live a difficult life. i don't know how do you feel lives in the streets? it's the film set up by according to the estimates, manila has 30000 street children. they beg or steal to get food.

their main aid comes from organizations that help children in the bloody war against drugs in the philippines. these children are left even more exposed to the hard hand of the law. the children in care for many of them have very little contact with their families. so they really living in a period were mostly supporting each other. they have very, very high rates of contact with the law. and most of the time it's very, very negative contact, very high rates of experiencing police violence and torture. they frequently arrests is obvious. hurling is there's some substance abuse amongst them and amongst the people that should be caring for them to come in and parents as high rates of incarceration of their family members. so it's a very difficult group of children to work with.

christians gang lives in chiappe, a poor suburb of manila, the capital of the philippines. the front of it's famous catholic church is the home of the poor. many of the members of christians, gangs still have parents. christian only has a father somewhere far away. he has a new family, his gang of street children where he takes care of the smaller ones that building and we regard each innocent nice as equals about quasars the events and yeah, i got one, i mean, you just, i'll bet boston given that what we're doing this pedestrian bridge and we're selling rosaries, so that we can buy, filmed by so break down incomes to earn your living functions. i got off and on a boy it's

a hard life for the families of the children of key aapl caught in the midst of the war on drugs instigated by president do terror tape where the poor accused of being drug dealers are killed or locked away. raids are part of everyday life, at least in these places, where the parents of christians, young friends, live, the street children of key apo, are often arrested. the leaders of the philippines want to lower the age of criminal liability from the current 15 to 9 or 12. this means that even younger children could see themselves behind bars with the ancient bones from well that have already been put inside the detention facilities to be you would count how many children from 15 from 12 to 15 that big put to jail and then

used to hog this war on drugs that also poor people in jail instead of doing rehabilitation on community based intervention. this is really problematic and the justice system is not yet ready for that. a lot of children are not afraid specially those on the streets. those children wish to have a permanent home. they have also interviewed children in situations which are now who are not afraid because they felt they feel like any time they can be transferred once they are kind of the children who are involved in even

the height solution helps the children on the streets. the children of chiappe will alert louise when they're in trouble. i'm going to hurt her more than we're here this morning because they're here and we're not resting in time to be we're going to be low for temporary. and if you believe that having their friends come here right now and this year there were no charges pressed against them and their personal interest down incident i do not do, but i think christian has gone missing. one of the children saw the police take him, but now no one knows where he is. i sometimes street children are arrested without

a reason. many tell of torture and interrogation in the institutions. so the, we sue him and has called the representatives of the commission on human rights, did not use it on me and i thought he was no christian was arrested because the police were looking for a pickpocket. but now he's free again. you know, not for me to know. it was my 1st time in jail that i love all been calling the police for months and run into was accused of stealing our revenue. what i got. but we didn't steal enough. we were just comes to its numbers because the police songs hanging around us that have been a lot of it. they make me a scapegoat. you know, all i do know is i was going to a poet not by me speech me. and so my panel stopped kind of boy going about, even while i was in hospital, i still felt afraid the whole, it's not me. the doctor knew i was in pain and us talking to, you know,

would always, you know, a lot of it i don't think so. but you know, by now it's just that my heart is pounding because i'm afraid i would yell and know that i'd be arrested for no good reason. i did that worst of solvents to forget about some of the work i wish i had to get a while. i remind myself that i really haven't done anything like that. but i don't think the war against drugs has hardened the attitudes towards crime. and this also goes for children, thousands of adults and dozens of children have been killed in police operations in recent years. and thousands of children have lost their parents because of this war . i do think the police and bus haasan are planning a raid moue. very interesting. they are searching for drug dealers,

children who sniff glue and minors on the streets after the curfew. 10 pm. but during the past 2 years, the police have arrested over 1300 children for drug related crimes. even tonight the group is targeting 2 under-aged methamphetamine dealers if you will called in the number of letters every month, the minimum $100.00 arrests where my soul. but still that compared to what the should be. because you decide to read it through. you know,

since we are on drugs or potential, where are the substances, where's the meth? and so to me, if i'm somebody so close that i know that there is some other there. i'm here personal money in it. my best money to send up stand up, stand up. oh, i don't. i don't have a way enough about what went on to people who need to be in the pool in the 6th, in school to say this only 16 years old. how about you go

and it's all going to get to me if i don't, isn't the one up out there in this house a 100 business, a month of trouble soul. when we positively but the ship came back to our big and showed us that they really bought the ship. so low, admittedly, really good that i noticed this was rather sorry for yourself to do that. that's. but when their bus is that after this, we would be turning them over to the social workers who were there during this

drug dealing is a major risk even for miners. according to the statistics, over 100 children have been killed over 3 years in the war against drugs. you know, those drugs weren't ours. we were playing mobile legends when the raid started with a bang, i mean it happened. do you go to school? going to wouldn't have stopped we no longer have money for it. we don't know mom salary only covers food. i mean this is everyday life for those who live in extreme poverty. the boys other brothers already in prison for different reasons. the 16 year old knows that he will go to a correctional facility maybe for a long time. lieutenant kapur also understands that many crimes stem from extreme poverty. but he believes that there is no alternative to

arresting them. for me. being in the service for, for almost 3 years, i have encountered that the miners when it's a minority that the, those are 14 years old, 13 years old. they are evolving and all they do, even though in the image for me, is this myth, or if we will only lessen the penalty, but we still have to arrest them because they're taking advantage of that shit to asia and that i am only a child. so i wouldn't be putting, told us that they live by, that you know, these things every night. the station is filled with children who have broken curfew. they get to go home if their parents are to be found. otherwise they will be taken into a shelter in the summer camp,

who is one of the areas with the most street children stitching the damned essential work? is it taking you away little time with us. it's ok. this is how manila solves that. social issues. the streets are forcibly emptied in the morning of those who have no time to run. according to unicef, the philippines have

a couple 1000000 abandoned or discarded children. they run from the social services rescue operation. i love to see mother and child who was listening to sophie to play oh, come on, let's go. she doesn't just take it easy. come of concepts about how to do anything about it. look at the when she comes from our house, we're just selling. we're selling it, what it is, what you have in your hands. give it up. i was gonna let go of my love back to where selling a lot of my family is there. that was it was the

amana actually i was a bit of a actually children don't want to be in institutions. they have a gun assisted scene and they feel it's easier on the street because i was then asked to band in the can do what they play and the running man will stand there. so i hear long in the his uncle, the problem is that the children go back to the streets even though that has been returned to the families agree they're not insane. and those that have enough space . we have here a 15 year old mother with a year old child wouldn't find them a big boost. sometimes we have babies who's been taken within has been the rescue of the street. children is like a never ending circle where children are taken,

released back to the streets and taken again inside the same gate is a shelter for the homeless and a correctional facility for children who have committed crimes. the human rights commission consider both places as prison. that would have to be some of the facility looks at prison that need to say they have a rule. 5 which we have buyers, the wires. 5 have metal to be his us lawyers very few sleeping space that's not enough for all children to be inside a building full day doing nothing. children who wind up here often come from alleys like these extreme poverty. in the center of manila, raymond's mother has asked and then geo to help her. the police arrested her son

and took him to an institution because the boy threw a stone broke a windshield from a passing bus. in a back in the windscreen, back in the go was a screw, hit the clubs this is the 3rd time raymond has been arrested for the 1st time. he ended up in a youth correctional facility because he is over 15 years old. you leave late morning, raymond cried a lot. he was held down. the police threatened to send him back if he wouldn't stop . and he was really crowing up, having our own obama thing to get a blind nephew said, tried to hit a small boy, you can totes him babysat by now. but the owner of the bus demanded that the mother pay over $80.00 euros. but those who live in these alleys can't afford it. i am lucky that that was

one thing i said to them myself, i was on the street. he said to me that the situation is this old woman. that if you will play on one side, that take the boy into an institution, unhealthy, the 2 highest in them. i said no, this company, he said the miner and he hasn't killed anyone. raymond and raine old live with their mother and 2 siblings in terrible conditions . they've hardly ever gone to school. they've encountered the police a lot more than that. i knew miners honeymooning

going to do now, and i hope raymond, want to experience what i've made it through and through. i want to know definitely wouldn't like it. i might want to commit suicide in the institution. i don't wish to no one. i'm going to do my and many take their lives because it's so bad there. and then that was it. the food is terrible. the up and even the rice isn't cold, you know, playing them. and to land on you remember that something like the mother goes to the city hall to ask the prosecutor. if charges have been filed against the boy. it turns out that charges haven't been filed yet. but the

child has been taken into an institution for a small crime in his brain and now in jail. yes he is. he had broken the windshield. it wasn't intentional. i bought hi to lujan has grown accustomed to saving children who have been in prison for small crimes or for no reason at all. they help mothers navigate a complicated web of bureaucracy to find their children at the gates of the center open. and you can hear children crying from the passing cars. i there moved from the city to another center. boy's town i. 7 found out that raymond's case might be over on wednesday,

because it was a small crime, just small benton's my heart. i'm worried, he's a minor only 16 hours after the authorities clean up 2 children are released from the shelter according to the law . children under 15 can't be jailed. first, a social worker takes the boys' information in order to find their family, and so many street children do have a family. and i apologise for my money says to them digital now has been wandering around like mad. yes, i don't. social workers cotton again. just because you think that the moment of the american on the street children almost always come from broken homes, that the parents are often too exhausted to take care of children. mari cell has 6

children. they live in a small room and mari sell sells used clothing with her sister. that normally isn't even enough for a day's meal. i didn't sign a single parent in order to get food daily. i go around selling secondhand clothes with my older sister, and i know i mean, by that way you either. i also work in booking and or not, i do anything that is available and i'll take things to a pawn shop because of my work. i can't always take care of my children all the time. some look out for. 'd me, i didn't know that moment ago. you raymond's mother returns to the correctional facility. after 3 months. the boys

should be released today. the boy leaves the building with short hair. and they are not to even find them in the battle on the money side. on a boat, we slept on plastic mats on cement floor. amendable. i mean, i this is a correctional facility that takes 15 to 18 year olds, priest shay cullen has arrived to his regular rescue missions to the mara nneka youth home. he has seen many children under 15 years old in these places. the children are practically locked up and vulnerable to violence from the older ones. shay collins foundation friend, is one of the registered ones to which authorities give children to be taken care

off from overcrowded children's homes. today, 2 youths go with him. john paul and rolando have been locked up several times now and the reason often being breaking the curfew for long though is only 14 and according to the law too young to be there. in manila, minors can't be on the streets alone after 10 pm. shay cullen searches for the children's parents to tell them that the boys are taken to a predecessor outside of manila in a long, uphill battle. oh,

you know john paul's father is a single parent. his wife left when the child was 5 years old. i will show you what it was like many poor filipinos. this father works for weeks on end, on construction sites. far away from home on the top of the pay is poor. so the children are used to being home alone from a young age. ok, i am a little from last night. you know, when i tell him sometimes i'm so tired from work, but when i come home i go to bed that that's because i have to leave for work early in the morning. always on the ground i would and that includes a lot of we won't have food unless i work at it. i don't care about losing my wife

that about that, but i don't want to lose my children. and i'm going to buy my level without moment that made a plan and i'm old and i hope that one day the children will take care of me. and when i got back, one parents would have them out of you. but they understand that i didn't abandon from there. you have to fill in the area. you can fill up the mia, even though i couldn't stand of the school and they didn't starve. and it was in the middle of.