when you into the tropical countries where the temperature meant would be a nightmare. and on the top of it, this vaccine is very cheap compared to us. compared to madonna and $500.00. it cost only $20.00 pounds. for the whole of those in the gene beach is incredibly cheaper compared to the size of an medina. and then the part of the issue with any other vaccine at the moment is the skill ability. but this also shows any guy has over to plenty of different partners in different countries, those that are in the position to manufacture them, scale it up. so it's going to be really isn't an issue. and they have already promised that 2 $1000000000.00 is too white for exactly $8000000000.00 as will be available by the end of 2021, which is really the total of the pfizer and might have not come by. so all in all of this is certainly encouraging, and we really, really something that was meant to enter the vaccine ology. right? so you've outlined very neatly in terms of the advantages of this vaccine, but this vaccine still needs some fine shipping. yes,

absolutely. i think one of the concerns that we are having now and kind of here being debated is a vote. the efficacy. because the efficacy of that to me of being calculated is that one of those in the team has 60 percent and other has 90 percent. and then they took the average of 70, but basically you can't really say 70 because only person can get one regina, you point have to be genes. you can have 2 doses, but not to have genes. so this means that the efficacy is either 60 percent or 90 percent depending which of those it takes, but whatever the build they will choose, need to be fine tuned and we tested 40 people into the market. now obviously we've heard this is the 3rd promising vaccine that has been announced in the fight against a covert. 90 we've heard of course, from the vaccine, from biotech and fice or modern are russia's sputnik obviously, also supposedly very effective on so many vaccines in the pipeline. you know, is there a rivalry there? is there a competition, there is this good bad? is there room for all of them?

well, this is really important question and to be honest, if this is a business for pharmaceutical being very clear, and this is certainly a market,, for example, if you remember the birds of pfizer c.e.o., it clearly stated that they are not going to subsidize any vaccine. just because that's not in favor of the company, but on contrast, australia clearly stated that this is a nonprofit vaccine and therefore that the cost is you know, scandal. so there is certainly a rivalry, there's a race. but as a researcher, my concern is more to go to safety. i think casey and the transparency of the data . so we will be bringing all of that information to make clear that whatever to vaccine that is ordered into the market is safe and effective. and the possible proper checks. so if i understand correctly when there's room for all of them, it could you see in the near future in that scene being kind of tailored to specific areas in the world, our specific demographics. yes, absolutely. again,

very important too, to discuss this one. i mean we, we have to actually hear the whole war at our own 60 or 70 percent of the word population. this means that we need actually, 11000000000 dollars is to be immunized at that scale. you know, one of x. would be sufficient and of the scale of and to human eyes of this mean we need more vaccines and having more vaccines. mean we will be able to categorize major wellner ability would be more suitable for particular vaccine or reach demographic areas. are pretty much a given for the vaccine. as i said before, last was any, because perfect for when you could lower and middle income countries and going into the tropical countries or hot areas of europe, the death of each patient would be a problem. the size of government or not are based on m.r.i. and it based vaccine probably mostly given for him, you know, compromised people. people are already on the street art therapy on a cancer treatment. so definitive vaccine would have a different suitability for this very poorest. so therefore,

i'm old and encouraging more vaccine, we would have it better. would it be because i believe every vaccine would have a whole community are doing this. pandemic, dr. mohamed merah of rolla. just a vaccine expert at lancaster university in the u.k. . thank you. well, despite the promising news about vaccines, an end to the crisis is still a long way off. on here in europe, the pandemic is stretching some health care systems to breaking point. here's a closer look now at how ukraine's underfunded hospitals are struggling to keep up with a surge in patient numbers. president, i knew that i'd get sick eventually. here when i got the news that i was infected, it was such a blow. i cried. i done all i could to stay safe. this place is my baby. no one ever saw me here without a mask. when i was rather critical, my name is only know. i'm a senior doctor here at the hospital in the u. bar. garden, christmas family. most of the doctors and nurses here have gone through kobe,

had we had a big outbreak here in the town, which is many as 58 new patients in just one day. many of them were very ill. and i'm a neuro pathologist by training, but i had to learn how to operate a ventilator. there was no choice, a patient was dying and i didn't know what to do. i did some reading and called my husband who is an anesthetist. he was telling me what to do over the phone on the loudspeaker. and it worked. it's hard to explain just how happy i was that i was visiting my, one of my father's friends is in our intensive care unit right now. you're always aware that your own parents could soon be patients here and then i got infected myself. it was scary,

really scary. i had seen what covert can do, but i was lucky, i didn't get pneumonia and was back at work 2 weeks later. will not get a few months when that was our main problem is that people come into late. many with gary serious pneumonia. some tell you they don't have money. others don't believe covert even exists. they say it's just the flu. this most definitely isn't the flu. my growth is the most precious thing right now is oxygen. you can see the patient's hand stretching out for the masks. you can see how desperately they need it. you see how they come to life once they get it. even trying to turn the dial up on their own. i go to bed, imagining what would happen if we run out of oxygen supplies or i'm sure it will happen eventually. so will we have to slam the door shut in patients or faces and tell them we've run out of money and then why you are situations or health care

workers there in ukraine? want to tell you no, but some of the other stories making headlines this hour. germany's health minister says the country could start vaccinating people against covert $900.00 within weeks by the start of next year. and the latest is that the country was ready to begin mass inoculations as soon as a vaccine is approved. x. nations will be rolled out in 2 stages, starting with the most vulnerable groups a co-founder of the massively popular ice bucket challenge fund raising campaign has died at the age of $37.00. patrick quinn passed away after a 7 year long battle with the rare neurological disease. the social media campaign he helped popularize raise some $220000000.00 for research into the us. the corruption trial of former french president nicolas sarkozy has been for

stoned on the 1st day due to concerns over the house of one of his coke defendants . it's the 1st time a french president has appeared in court on such serious charges. if found guilty. mr. sarkozy could face up to 10 years in prison. the foreign ministers of germany, france, and britain have met and berlin to discuss the future of the iran nuclear deal. the 3 countries have spearheaded efforts to keep the 2015 agreement alive after u.s. president donald trump abandoned it. germany has expressed hope that the new u.s. administration might revive the accord. turkey has accused germany of breaking international law after german soldiers boarded a turkish cargo ship without requesting official permission. the soldiers intercepted the ship overnight on suspicion. it was carrying weapons to libya. they

abandoned their search after turkey protested to the e.u. commission. want to turn our attention now to east africa, where ethiopia has accused rebels forces of destroying the airports in the ancient town of a u.n. world heritage site as the 2 sides battle for control of the northern t. great region. if you set a wednesday deadline for the tikrit forces to lay down their arms or face an assault on the regional capital, mikhail 8 the people's the liberation front has vowed to keep on fighting the u.n. . now fears 200000 people could flee to neighboring, soon done because of the escalating conflict. i want to turn now to he is the u.n. h. c r's spokesperson and joins us now from geneva. a good day, sir. the ethiopian government warning civilians in the region that there will be,

quote, no mercy if they don't save themselves before a final offensive. how concerned is the u.n. h.c.r. by these ominous warning? u.n. refugee agency on the sudan, east side, receiving thousands of refugees who are leaving and the latest count now is some 40000. so we're talking about desperate men, women and children who have been fleeing ongoing fighting. and the fear is, with the rate of more than $3000.00 alive in every day, the number can go up and the worry is for civilian safety inside the region. because the fear is for many to be caught up in this fighting. now, meanwhile, a regional humanitarian crisis is unfolding aerial attacks have sent to thousands

of refugees, as you alluded to into neighboring sudan. what can you tell us about the humanitarian situation? and is a country like sudan equipped to deal with an influx of refugees? sudan has been only refugee forced, nearly a 1000000 refugees are there. and this is just a new chapter for the country. it is under under strain in terms of the latest arrivals which are in thousands every day. it has been a challenge for the nonexempt, an existing infrastructure in those remote location of sudan's, the as unicef, the u.n. refugee agency have rushed with other he militate against to support the local authorities and communities. but the sheer number of arrivals is really putting all of us and under,

under pressure because effort now is to get the basic supplies to these human beings or refugees from land at a refugee camp. look asian. but they're arriving. and the numbers are just stressing in straining the community in the sponsor part of russia from the u.n. h.c.r. . and i think you 3 prominent hong kong activists have been detained after pleading guilty to their involvement in last year's pro-democracy protests. joshua wan, i the lamb and agnes cho are due to be census next week and could face up to 5 years in prison. and they arrived knowing it could be their last moments of freedom. it would not raise surprising if i'm sent to me. they made haitian today and that proved correct. this prison vehicle, transported to hong kong democracy activist joshua long agnes child, and ivan lam,

into custody after they faced trial of a very role in massive pro-democracy protests in 2019. perhaps the op, wrote this, wish me this day in prison, but i'm perswade that neither person boss the election by as not any other arbitrary power, will stop us from activists on the 3 were charged with organizing and taking part in an authorized assembly, which carries a maximum sentence of 5 years, they decided to plead guilty after consulting with their lawyers, knowingly accepting jail time, hoping to draw global attention to what they say is a justice system manipulated by beijing. china denies this insinuation, but says it supports the hong kong justice system. and you wonder who the bush is not a diplomatic issue. we support the relevant departments of the hong kong government

to perform its duties. and accordance with the law i made after pleading guilty to the charges along told supporters he would not have touted beijing or surrender. saying he wanted to demonstrate the value of freedom to the world. correspondent mathias, a building. there has been tracking this story for you. are from beijing, he says the trial of the 3 activists is part of a wider campaign against hong kong's pro-democracy movement. we've seen quite a number of arrests and processes in these past few weeks. it looks very much like you can pay him to intimidate the participants. and the activists of last year's protests, joshua long and the 2 others are most likely going to jail. next week we will have the result, the final verdict of this process. they have, however, been tried under the old colonial laws under the hong kong laws by

a more or less independent hong kong court and not on the draconian new nation national security law. that introduces the arbitrariness of china's legal system into the city. this would have been much worse for them, that is their reporting from beijing and we go back to the corona virus. the a pandemic is forcing countless people to work remotely, and europe's lawmakers are no exception. the crisis has put the brakes on their normally busy travel schedule. it's also leading some legislators to question whether the european parliament even needs a physical at quarter. lot of water sees at least one big advantage to working from home. the coffee is better than the parliament, so maybe that's an upside waters' urge to see the european parliament for the dutch labor party in 2019. but for months now,

her political seat has been here at the kitchen table due to the corona virus pandemic. she's voting online, it doesn't always run smoothly, but by now she's used to doing democracy, digitally at home. we are now collectively realising that there's no need to always physically be somewhere that to take a plane for a meeting of one hour is silly. so i think that the positives will be that we've now all learnt to work online. and i think the barrier for physical meetings will be higher and that can have positive impact on our time, on our energy, of course, and on the environment. walter suitcase has been out of action for months. that's a major chains. usually any piece are constantly on the road. they travel from their home country to brussels at once a month to strasburg and france, the parliaments official have quarters. but since march the pandemic has put this

monthly move on pause, that's ruffling feathers in france. president eman women crowd wants to keep this important institution in his country. as e.u. law stipulates. i'm fighting for the idea that the european parliament should convene in strasburg. because if we accept that it only gathers in brussels, where done for strasburg stands to lose a lot economically without the parliament's regular visits. that's one of the reasons why french politicians tend to agree with mark wrong. but pm pharma. strasburg may or fabienne. keller says, the city close to the franco german border has a bigger, more symbolic meaning. strasburg is the natural setting for the beating heart of democracy and hijos should the horrors of war that we help never to see. again. it was the e.u. founding father's dream. they wanted us to look towards the future together, or who's also got loud voices shares the few of many any peace that this thrust

book had. quarters should be a thing of the past, not least used to the annual bryce tag of 140000000 euros. that comes with it for very important debates. she still goes to the parliament building in brussels. she can only have one staff member around the have to wear masks and keep their distance high. she rules a strictly followed. this is the new normal soviet people are coming in to clean. because of course, when you're sleeping speaking the plenary, you know, you're speaking, it's like a phone through the headsets. so they're sanitizing everything. so that we can be in here safely. and we're here with much more space between us. now. walters says the parliament building feels like a ghost town. she's dreaming of the days that politics can fully return. should the streams about her fair play here in brussels. not an strasburg mystical look now at some other developments in the pandemic. global virus cases

are approaching 60000000, that's according to a tally by johns hopkins university. the global death toll stands at almost 1400000 . meanwhile, india's planning to put off the winter session of parliament due to the rising number of virus cases in the capital delhi. and china is testing millions of people and imposing local lock downs after multiple new cases were discovered in 3 cities across the country last week. thank you and i'm going to sleep on sunday. minds' picked up their 1st win of the season with a 31 victory over fellow strugglers, freiburg french, a striker was the hero for the away side, scoring all 3 of their goals. yeah, and maurits least is struggling mines, arrived in freiburg looking for a change in fortunes. much would depend on the form of join felipe. the strikers 4 goals in 7 games, the only bright spot in a terrible start to the campaign,

and metate to show his worth with less than 2 minutes on the clock. the frenchman charging clear before slotting home, cooley, one nil to the visitors. but taitz was on hand again to make it 2 nil in a 34 minutes. rival keeper, florian muller, making it far too easy for the frenchman. imitative completed a stunning 1st half hat trick. 5 minutes later, the titanfall causing no problems for the red hots, 23 year old tribal got one back in the 2nd half through veteran strike and neil's pieces on the 4th and final goal scored at the busy end of the pitch $31.00 extended 3 goals from a tater and a valuable 3 points for minds and cologne are still looking for

their 1st win this league or win this season. they lost $21.00 at home to new in berlin. on sunday, mack said, security all 3 points for the visitors. the germany international is grateful to score after his penalty was saved. when yahoo took an early lead, only for cologne to draw level. before half time the results moves, we are up to the place. there you go. well, for boss governing body fifa has banned the head of the game in africa from all football duties for 5 years because of corruption, ahmed ahmed from madagascar has been hoping to win a 2nd term as african confederation president in march. the 1st ethics committee found him guilty on a host of charges including offering and accepting gifts. and the misappropriation of funds was supported by fee for president johnnie infantino during his 2017

election campaign. he could appeal the damage to the court of arbitration for sport and tennis. danio medvedev has won the a.t.p. finals in london after coming from behind to win a gripping match against u.s. . open champion, dominic team on the russian, followed up his victory earlier this month at the paris masters to take the biggest title of his career. dominic teams been here before and beaten finalist at this tournament last year. the deal medvedev though, didn't even get that far failing to win a single match and going out in the group stage was a difference a year makes for him. team started this year's final strongly taking the 1st set in a somewhat fortunately fashion that made for that because half see the funny side. he got his revenge in the 2nd set reeling off 7 straight points to win the tide

break team now struggling to keep up. the russian is a tricky opponent. adapting and mixing up his game to suit the occasion. a barrier at the nets and a formidable he held on to win the deciding set out of the title. this is probably my best week to reel my life. not even talking about the title itself. i mean, to win the masters being on this year that, i mean, honestly, i would even, i know i can play good, but i would not believe it. if you tell me this before the tournament. it's the new generation of stars in men's tennis battle for supremacy. it's a be major day of heading into next season. and the pretend to this for a new star is warren. thank you so much for keeping us company at this hour. we'll be back at the top of the hour with the world headlines for now. the right

smartphone in the dark, dark mode is meant to protect our eyes, preserve our batteries, and help us sleep better. but researchers aren't convinced much in-door can really do to morrow to do it next on d. w. how does a virus spread? why do we panic? and when we'll all miss them, just through the topic from cover. and the weekly radio show is called spectrum. if

you would like and the information on the crawl on my wrist or any other science topic, you should really check out our podcast. you can get it wherever you get your podcast . you can also find us at d.f.w. dot com or slash science from the get go to parliament to come to bobbie molly. start rebels against corruption. let's get to god. despite coming from a poor family loves to become president. he challenges america, doesn't it be incredible. story of bobby wind starts december 10th on g.w. . thank

you. news spreads rapidly in times of crisis. unverified articles get millions of sadness on social media. thank you. news often gives rise to conspiracy theories and drives people onto the streets in protest all over the world. do some countries have bigger problems with fake news than others? and if so, why? more or less.