start rebels against come off drugs violence despite coming from a poor family wants to become president and the challenges are going to be incredible story of bobby walking. the dog starts december 10th on g.w. . thank you. news spreads rapidly in times of crisis on verified articles. get millions of shares on social media. thank you. news often gives rise to conspiracy theories and drives people out onto the streets in protest all over the world. do some countries have bigger problems with fake news than others? and if so, why? more or less on this week's edition of tomorrow today, the science program on t.w.

. welcome to the show where do you get your information? can you separate fact from fiction? this disinfectant was manufactured in 26 states and somehow pull ready protected against coronavirus true or false. truth coronaviruses were discovered decades ago that 19 is just a new one. this was also shared thousands of times if you know of dolphins in venice, except there in sardinia. fake news is so prevalent, it's now become the focus of scientific research. from the claim that the corona virus originated in a lab in china and the chinese want to get trump's reckless recommendation to

inject disinfectant and the conspiracy theory that bill gates intends to take over the world with a mind control vaccine is full of bizarre and baseless notions about the virus from the university of zurich was involved in an international study on the spread of just information during the pandemic. wanted to see why there were differences between countries. it seems to be that some countries provide a more fertile breeding ground for the spread of this information. on the research has prepared a social media post, presenting the false claim that the virus is a biological weapon. study participants were then asked whether they would share or comment on the very very interesting observation is how the

willingness to share. such posts varies between different countries. in switzerland, for example, 11 percent of those asked said they would share the post. that was a huge difference from the u.s. where 27 percent said they cherish tying them on from one to 25 percent saying they would like to comment on the post. or the other question we asked was whether those surveyed believe their government is capable of getting the crisis under control. and here, more than 75 percent of participants in switzerland said yes, we have a lot of confidence in our government. but then we have, i think, are of under 30 percent for france as we can see here, under 40 percent in the u.s. . so that's a considerable, just piracy to another finding is that fake news tends to flourish in countries with

a strong populist slant. one reason is the populist style of communication. this information is a stylistic device that you often find in populous communication. that certain information is a method while some is distorted to fit the narrative. the european union has its own fact checking websites to counter the growing flood of fake news versus disinfo combating this information is now a major policy priority. both governments and international organizations have taken to the internet. just spell out the facts. vienna based mimi comma is one of the biggest fact checkers in the german speaking world. the coronavirus has posed serious challenges for its experts. they were already dealing with around 150 fake notifications every day. that number is more

than tripled. since the pandemic struck communications expert on today, it was says, fake news has seriously escalated at the start of the crisis. there were a lot of largely harmless hoaxes chain mails and what's up messages where people were evidently afraid and insecure. about the new situation. there was a lot of trolling and initially satirical posts among these people. but then in march we saw things reach a 2nd level with videos imposed by contrarians scientists that contradicted the scientific consensus. that's where things got more difficult. and then in april, we noticed a really big shift with a load of conspiracy theories suddenly popping up that made is especially difficult for every kind of fact checking because there are no facts to check const. on the contrary, these myths 1st, assume legitimacy. and then challenge you to disprove them. and actually that's the

wrong way to go about it as you notified it of the sheer number of all the little myths and bogus reports suddenly lead to a lot of responses in the real world. people started going out and setting fire to 5 g. masts because they believed that 5 g. was responsible for the spread of the corona, virus. mindless violence, triggered by made up claims about the virus. another example of the danger of fake news and the importance of facts with bugs isn't always easy because facts require data and number of them is no piece of cake. take conservation, for example. if you want to know how many species there are in an area and how population numbers are changing, you need to study that area over a long period of time to get

a reliable night is falling in this study region in southern germany. ok, let's go to the plot. 52 committed and his colleagues from south korea are setting off to work. they often come to the boards at night to capture insects. they're not assessing up a light truck in the hope of catching more so as to work out how many species are at home here. this one says a thing is really labor intensive. the organisms are really tiny for one, many or only a few millimeters long. i can't do much with them out here, so i need to take them with me. another thing is that the species differ depending on the time of year and the weather. so i have to keep on coming back. i need to use different methods as well. so i'm pretty much never done and can really only do

it in a certain number of selected areas. researching biodiversity and its changing patterns requires a lot of practical know how often there's a shortage of personnel, money, and time. for that reason, data is often only collected from one place, rather than on a large scale and over a long period has come to germany to hone a new map that designed to make the process easier and more representative. it really gave me all the time, good insight and then also germany is very advanced. it call it occurs study then south korea. so we are quite late for this area. so i'm launching a lot of things from my colleague here. so they are very nice to work with and they are very advanced in many techniques,

and then she'll need to see the samples in the truck before she can show you or her new method. the next morning they returned to the forest to collect the muffins. they've captured but there is a problem. where exactly did they hang up the truck? unfortunately, we lost the plot yesterday. so sometimes it before that, i think finally, they managed to locate field research is rarely simple. 1st, at least the weather is good and the area is easily accessible, which isn't always the case. so let's see what the

so hold looks like. look at this. you see this big a cockroach, a fair beetle. 2 or 3 dozen moths and butterflies are my uses. the forest is a fantastic catch for me. it was a little warmer last night that explains the activity and the cock, a version typical roundabout merits. but this represents just one location and 1. 2 kilometers away. they've set up another trop, really good fortune jungle there. yeah. the dead trees may look bad, but they're actually good for biodiversity, even if they do make it harder to reach the traps. the insects are placed in a liquid to preserve them. some time that's not easy,

so we should be careful. but normally i think i'm going for i just find that there's some koreans or i states more hard so it lasts, tests will help identify the insects. the researchers want to see how climate change is affecting local biodiversity, reducing trees die. and the question is, is this bad for biodiversity? our data currently suggests not knowing. this is for the way it's terrible economically for the far stronger. it's beyond down to that global warming is growing. impact on nature also has huge economic repercussions. but how will it affect biodiversity? we'll have to wait and see uses for the it's hard to establish exactly quasi impacts climate change and human activity has on

species. it also depends on the kind of forest, coniferous, or deciduous, dense or sparsely populated, as well as the age of the tree limb. let's go on their way back. they encounter another problem that researchers have to contend with. look at this tree. you see this painting caterpillar it will one day turn into a gypsy moth. the insects are spreading in many forests in germany. damaging trees . forest owners want to use poison spray to kill the caterpillar's. but the extent of the ad break isn't clear. for researchers, monitoring the activity of past is also part of the job a lot of information has yet to be gained by the number of species of insects,

ground welling organisms, and even birds. it's also unclear how they're all doing in order to be able to monitor them more effectively and comprehensively. the researchers are turning to new ideas on technical solutions and one of those new ideas can be found in low earth orbit or neo, for short, 700 kilometers about the end of the satellite sentinel one keeps a watchful eye like its radar images are available within one hour in the event of natural disasters, for example, they can help rescue workers get an overview. but the technology is also useful for conservationists. for more on that, let's return to our scientists in germany. here at the ecological field

station of the university of that book sawyer on pay and your camilla are inspecting their latest catch. a single light truck picked up a good 2 dozen different moths and beetles in just one ice. even in a single sample like this. identifying the animals can be a challenge and then comes the hard part identifying with some species that's very easy, like some which is large and distinctive looking. but a lot of species are small and gray and all the same. their genitalia will have to be examined and compared with reference samples, which is a lot of work. we're not talking about 1020 or a 100, but between 10500000 specimens to be determined in the long term. sawyer on payday is showing her colleagues how they can monetize forest fire diversity in a far easier, faster,

more comprehensive fashion. i've brought in because the media will tell you, you can see it is from there. it's the place that you're on pace all the great potential of using radar images from satellites in the quest to monitor species diversity. the center now one satellite has been orbiting the earth for the past 6 years, using radar discounted surface, an 80 kilometer wide swathe with a spatial resolution of 5.5 meters. the radio waves penetrate cloud cover and even forest canopy revealing the structure of the vegetation below. this is the part that i was so impressed that the dark, green news conference last and all these lights green is very forest. and

the radar data indeed shows the tree species growing here. this enables the researchers to quickly investigate large amounts of terrain, all b.s. in fairly low resolution. they can improve the image quality by also conducting flyovers across represents the woodland areas. the aircraft scans the forest with an onboard laser. the resolution here is far higher than with radar $10.00 to $1.00 centimeter per pixel. the researchers use a combination of both technologies radar for scanning larger air on laser for greater detail and metrics for the structure of the resulting data provides information about species. the height of the trees, the density of vegetation a lot about the animals in each type of forest. from the specimens taken from trunks which species tend to live,

where if we kept the structure of we can just structure and for a structure effect a lot in there. so that's why we can detect well there and how the findings can be marked on mops. you find a couple cases in the region always will. and here you find a few do not part of our little flycatcher. and it's striking because nobody is able to really work for you though you're in this rough road with a lot of, they're just going to want what takes an hour or so, and you cannot go there everywhere. and this is really no all that we can go into

the whole landscape. using traps to take samples on the ground will of course, remain a vital part of the researchers work. but the hope now is that the radar data will enable them to project their findings on large scale areas that will give them the bigger picture of whether and how starkly diversity is twin playing. and maybe what action can be taken to stop us satellite data is not only important for research. over 2500 active satellites are currently orbiting the earth, providing information for all kinds of applications, like g.p.s. navigation systems. that could replace t.v. towers. smartphones also use satellite data. and speaking of smart phones, how often have you looked at yours today? and how are your eyes doing?

staring at a phone or computer display puts a lot of strain on the eyes. the constant focus on the same object looking in the same direction and from the same distance takes its toll on i'm muscles and it can damage our eyesight. professor chris low man at the hospital of the technical university munich says it raises the risk of developing short sightedness. the mile over. normally we blink every 10 seconds, but when we're staring at a display, it's only every 30 or 40 seconds. it's cool, it's good to redo blink reflex tires the eyes. the tear film ruptures and the eyes begin to burn an itch and lose focus when to use it. but it's a simple trick. it is designed to give our eyes a bit of relief in the dark mode setting found almost apple and android devices with updated operating systems. when it's activated, the background becomes darker and the text brighter. it's easier on the i specially

if the room you're in is dark, but is the dark mode setting really healthier? this is and i've tried it out too and it does feel better. but it doesn't address the problem that people who stare at displays blink less and get dry. i'm tired eyes so it's not necessarily healthier for your eyes. does it at least improve your battery? life spans time is from german, computer magazine connect conducted a test for us brand new devices from the same manufacturer who are subjected to a stress test with standard settings. and then with the dark option, analyze the smartphone with the display in both dark mode. and in normal mode mode, the phone had a 20 percent longer battery life. but that's because phones with displays only

light up the areas of the screen where something is happening. dark mode on cheaper phones with l.c.d. displays has 0 effect on battery life. so, can at least extend your battery life, but only with more expensive models. in addition to darkness, there's also a night all night shift. you're supposed to use it in the evening so that the light doesn't disrupt your sleep, but doesn't work. it's been another restless night for tatiana. for the past 2 years, the student has been suffering from chronic sleep deprivation. desperate to find a remedy. she has an appointment at the center for sleep medicine at marburg university hospital. psychologist bennett castle has an immediate suspect late night internet surfing it's quite possible that the light emitted by the screen can compromise your ability to fall asleep after dark. this entry often for

christie, the bright blue white light slows the production of the sleep hormone melatonin, which normally tells the body it's time to go to sleep. so even though the natural light fades over the course of the evening, tatiana has difficulty turning off the sleep. researchers suggest setting her phone to night mode, which reduces the blue tones and for watching movies he recommends donning a pair of amber tinted glasses with a built in blue filter. even if they're not to everyone's taste. kristi's of unction to no filter. the orange toned filters out the colder blue and green light . so the light you are exposed to in the evening has little or no impact on your body, clock guns, beenish money in wood, and even better the night shift or spacey dipping. specks, of course, is to put you off. oh no way featuring

countless scientific studies have looked at the function of city and how it can be improved. one international study showed that over 60 percent of people feel that don't sleep well. and yes, we spent nearly one 3rd of our lives sleeping and often dream of maria consuelo artie's from columbia, sent us a fascinating question about that. can 2 people share the same dream? me hollywood thinks they can. in the movie inception, so-called extractors use experimental military technology to infiltrate their target subconscious and extract information through a shared dream world. but can this really work in the real world without any technology? can we really share dreams? and studies have shown that people can dream similar things in the same day. time

experiences are preoccupying them. a brand new study shows that in finland, the cove in 1000 locked down earlier this year led to a number of people having similar nightmares. of 800 people, questioned over half of them reported having nightmares. related to the pandemic. dreaming, for example, that they became infected with the virus. but there are also reports of shared or mutual dreams that seem completely random. one woman dreamt that she was at a fashion party and went into an elevator with 2 gay friends. and we got into the elevator and they were dancing very captain funny. and the elevator swooshed out really quickly. another woman who slept in the same room had an almost identical tree. so in her dream, she was in inly, at a fashion party for

a fashion designer. it was a very popular hotel and she was going to gain friends of hers. and as it is, they went into the elevator, it shot out really fast, like it was a rocket. so this is an example of a mutual shared theory, a coincidence? or were the women just subtly in tune with each other? so far, there's no widely accepted explanation for it, but some psychologists say view spurious or mutual dreaming is most often reported by friends, relatives, and couples. and that it could express an attempt to enhance emotional attachment in relationships. well, what is right, why are behind the move a few females? do you have a science question you'd like us to answer? say that is if we featured on this show, you'll get a little surprise as

a thank you. come on, just ask you'll find us on the web at v.w. dot com slash science, or check us out on twitter. that's all for today. put it back next week with more fascinating stories from the world of science. until then stay healthy and curious

to me and you hear me? no. yes, yes. read on you and how last year's german chancellor, i want to bring you an angle, a man called and you've never, i'd have a full surprise to self with what this possible. who is medical really what moves and what also, he talks to people who followed her along the way,

admirers and critics alike, and how as the world's most powerful woman shaking her legacy, join us from eccles last stop. the fight against the corona virus pandemic. how has the rate of infection been developing measures are being taken? what does the latest research say? information and context. the coronavirus of data, the coded special monday to friday on w o. f. and before that, any of that, the move that the

u.s.'s first but i have i am going to go up a little i'm out of the can you have family and manner and am i the case where i will say or what the metaphor there might have that well women gag on the galil over at them. and when i am, oh, our names shall eat

this. is it every news line from berlin? more promising news in the fight against covert 19 drug maker astra zeneca says the vaccine it has developed with oxford university is up to 90 percent of affective. and unlike other vaccines doesn't need to be stored at ultra low temperatures. also coming up, facing prison for protests. 3 prominent tancharoen, dissidents are in custody. after pleading guilty to charges related to last year's pro-democracy demonstrations to place would likely jail sentences. they say,

the military very warm a welcome. when we begin this broadcast with some encouraging news, drugmaker astra zeneca and the university of oxford in the u.k. say their corona virus vaccine could be up to 90 percent effective. in preventing covert 90 researchers say the vaccine was most effective when 1st given a half dose followed by a full dose one month later. crucially, the new shot can be kept at refrigerator temperatures, and does not require extreme cold storage, like other recently announced vaccine. as atika says, it will have 200000000 doses available, i think, and i think you're encouraging development there. let's get you more on mohamed were here joins me now. he's of our ologist and vaccine expert at lancaster

university in the u.k. . very encouraging. and here's their doctor, or near what distinguishes this vaccine from rival vaccines. well, thank you very much for having me on the show. this is certainly very encouraging and more vaccines. we would have acted would if you could, then we would have a choices. but particularly speaking about the cost as any cost for the vaccine. it does certainly who want to do is as you've been saying before, as the story of transportation. and this is really a big challenge for the vaccine, particularly going into the lower and middle income countries going into the tropical countries where the temperature meant would be a nightmare. and on the top of it, this vaccine is very cheap compared to us. compared to modern and $500.00, it cost only $20.00 pounds for the whole building. the gene beach is incredibly cheap or compared to the size of government or not. and then the part of the issue with any other vaccine at the moment is the skill ability. but this also shows any guy has over to plenty different partners in different countries, those that are in the position to manufacture them,

scale it up. so scale ability isn't an issue. and they have already promised that $2000000000.00 is what for exactly a $1000000000.00 will be available by the end of one to 21 years. weili the total of the pfizer and might have not come by. so all in all, this is certainly encouraging, and we really, really something that was made into the backs of all of you. right? so you've outlined very neatly in terms of the advantages of this vaccine, but this vaccine still needs some fine tuning. yes, absolutely. i think one of the concerns that we are having now i'm going to being debated is about the efficacy. because the efficacy of about the me, if you've been calculated is that one building the team has 60 percent and other has 90 percent. and then they took the average of 70, but basically you can't really say 70 because only person can get one regina, you can't have to leave genes, you can have 2, those is but not to be genes. so this means that the efficacy is either 60 percent

or 90 percent depending which does it take, but whatever the build they will choose, need to be fine tuned and we tested before to fall into the market. now obviously we've heard this is the 3rd promising vaccine that has been announced in the fight against a covert. 90 we've heard of course from the vaccine, from biotech and pfizer. modern a rush says sputnik, obviously also supposedly very effective on so many vaccines in the pipeline. you know, is there a rivalry there? is there a competition there? is this good bad? is there room for all of them? well, this is really important question. and to be honest, if this is a business for pharmaceutical being very clear, and this is certainly a market,, for example, if you remember to birds of flies or a c.e.o., it clearly stated that they are not going to subsidize any vaccine just because that's not in favor of the company, but on contrast, clearly stated that this is a nonprofit vaccine and therefore that the cost is you know,

it's going to go. so there is certainly a rivalry, there is a race. but as a researcher, my concern is more about the safety. i think ac and the transparency of the data. so we will be bringing all of that information to make clear that whatever vaccine that is, that although going to the market is safe and effective and the possible proper checks. so i think if i understand correctly, i mean there's room for all of them that could you see in the near future vaccine being kind of tailored to specific areas in the world. our specific demographics it . yes, absolutely. again, very important too. to discuss this one. i mean we, we have to actually hear the whole war at our own 60 or 70 percent of the word population. this means that we need at least $11000000000.00 is to minimize that doc scale. you know, one of x. would be sufficient enough to scale up and to human life. so this means we need more vaccines and having more vaccines. mean, we will be able to categorize major wellner ability would be more suitable for particular vaccine or reach demographic areas are pretty much suitable for the

vaccine. as i said before, last was any case perfect for when you could lower and middle income countries and going into the tropical countries, a hawk areas of europe, the definition would be a problem. the lies that are murdered are not, are based on and on and of based vaccine probably mostly given what immunocompromised people people are already. 'd on the street art therapy on a cancer treatment. so definitive vaccine would have a different suitability for this very poorest. so therefore, i'm old bits and encouraging more vaccine. we would have it back to what it could be because i believe every vaccine would have a whole community are going to spend having dr. mohamed merah of religious stand. vaccine expert at lancaster university in the u.k. . thank you. and here are the other stories making headlines this hour. ethiopia has accused rebel forces of destroying the airport in the ancient town of axim as the 2 sides battle for control of the more than tikrit region. the o.p.'s when

state deadline for the tikrit forces to lay down their arms or face an assault on the regional capital mckayla. the question trial of former french president nicolas sarkozy has been for spot on the 1st day or so concerns over the health of one of his co-defendants is the 1st time a french president has appeared in court on such serious charges. if found guilty, some cuisia could face up to 10 years in prison. a co-founder of the massively popular ice bucket challenge fund raising campaign has died at the age of $37.00. patrick quinn passed away after a 7 year battle with the rare neurological disease, a less social media campaign he has popularized. it raised some $220000000.00 for research into 3 prominent hong kong activists have been detained after pleading guilty to their involvement in

last year's pro-democracy. protests joshua won, i have a lamb and agnes show are due to be sentenced next week and could face up to 3 years in prison. they arrived knowing it could be their last moments of freedom. it would not raise surprising their own center with it haitian today and that proved correct. this prison vehicle, transported to hong kong democracy activists, joshua long agnes child, and ivan lam, into custody after they face trial of a very role in massive pro-democracy protests in 2019. perhaps the op, wrote this, wish me this day in prison, but i'm persuaded that neither person boss the election by as not any other arbitrary power, will stop us from activists on the 3 were charged with organizing and taking part in an authorized assembly, which carries a maximum sentence of 5 years,

they decided to plead guilty after consulting with their lawyers, knowingly accepting jail time, hoping to draw global attention to what they say is a justice system manipulated by beijing. china denies this insinuation, but says it supports the hong kong justice system. is not a diplomatic issue. we support the relevant departments of the hong kong government to perform its duties and accordance with the law. omaha after pleading guilty to the charges along told supporters he would not have to. beijing will surrender, saying he wanted to demonstrate the value of freedom to the world. i'd like to welcome now hakan, pro-democracy, activist, glacier chua, who is in germany where she studies in hamburg a very good evening miss. i just want to ask you 1st, of all the defendants,

including a joshua long have pleaded guilty earlier. he had said that he would fight the charges. why do you think mr. wong and other activists have changed their mind? this is mainly due to the fact that they have consulted and lawyers, and it is the best in their interests. and i believe in this team of lawyers that are trying to protect their clients and make sure that they are getting their best treatment they can. and i do not see it as very surprising that he is being sent to does change in egypt. because judging by what happened in the last 3 weeks, over 23 activists, journalists and counselors are being under arrest. i think every day we have activist ending in trials, participants being sent to jail, it's a tactic to rule by fear. and i believe whatever tactics as lawyers team have used, it is for their own interests. now, i mean, as you referenced, the leaders of the movement are either in detention or in prison. and it just seems

that the pro-democracy movement in hong kong is, is ending almost everybody is behind bars. no, i do not think that democratic movement is and, and kong it is true that after national security law and under the cold at 19 endemic it, just difficult to have like huge projects on the streets. but that doesn't mean the process of the movement in general is dying down. there are always activists who will abroad that working for the course of hong kong who to me, nation on sunday, john. and they are always activism happening in the local level. for example, people are still trying to support shops that are inside the so-called, yellow konami circle. people are still trying way to talk about the ideas that belief in. so i do not think a protest is dying down. the movement itself is not dying down. yes, still trying to find ways to continue the work that we have been doing that and your allies, some of the ways that you plan to keep up the pressure because beijing is really

cracking down on the movement. how do you see this going forward? i think we have to our knowledge, the fact that hong kong is, and i a stress we are facing situations that have been the worst in decades. and i cannot lie and say we are very optimistic. but the fact is that the things that we are doing their rights and the freedom we are fighting for are, are guaranteed under the basic law and in human rights charges. and that's why we are not yielding. this is the things that we are we to serve of. we will keep on going for the fight and i think we will be under a lot of crackdowns in the future. but that doesn't mean that we have to yield to acknowledge the fact that we are in diaspora, s. and to fight it is not me. of course, there will wouldn't be afraid of like metaphors cracking down, but out of this fear we are still going to continue to fight for democracy and freedom class here kwang, hong kong, pro-democracy activist. thank you for joining us.

thank you. they're going to sleep on sunday minds picked up their 1st win of the season with a 31 victory over fellow strugglers. burke french striker takes out was the hero for the site scoring all 3 of their goals. yeah, moritz least is struggling mines. arrived in freiburg looking for a change in fortunes. much would depend on the form of join felipe back tater. the strikers 4 goals in 7 games, the only bright spot in a terrible start to the campaign, and metate to show his worth with less than 2 minutes on the clock. the frenchman charging clear before slotting hunk only one nil to the visitors. potato was on hand again to make it 2 nil in a 34 minutes drive book keeper. florian muller, making it far too easy for the frenchman, but takes it completed. a stunning 1st,

half hat trick. 5 minutes later, the titanfall causing no problems for the red hots, 23 year old frankel got one back in the 2nd half through veteran strike and nails pieces and the 4th and final goal scored at the busy end of the pitch $31.00 extended 3 goals from a tater and a valuable 3 points for minds. meanwhile, cologne are still looking for their 1st wonderfully to win this season, they lost 21 at home to earn your own berlin on sunday. on macs their concerns secured all 3 points for the visitors. the german international was grateful to score after his penalty was saved or had taken an early read on for cologne to draw a level before half time results lose when you run up to the place. you're

watching it every day as the line a firm rule is stick around kate ferguson will be here in just a few moments with all your business news, including more on that promising aspers anika vaccine and layla rock on. we have all of us, do you for spending as part of the company? are you know that 77 percent off because you are younger than the pot. that's me and me and you know what takes time all voices. one heart the 77 percent. talk about the stock market up front

polity to flash from hours a week to top. this is where welcome to the 77 percent. this week comes on the d.w.p. another promising development in the search for a covert 19 vaccine. astra zeneca found the university of oxford say they're jointly developed jobs is 70 percent effective. it's also said to be affordable and easy to store. we'll bring you the market reaction. also coming up, g. 20 leaders offer poor countries. the champ has focused bank debt repayment, but is a long term solution for that old economy. small retailers in france are

struggling sure unlock time is now online giants, including thomas von, are offering to show some solidarity. on the protests, over for thousands of people in taiwan demonstrate against the government's decision to allow the import of what they think could be cunts. how many shitty west me business on cape? very different. welcome along a covert 19 vaccine developed by astra zeneca. the university of oxford has shown to be 70 percent effective in a large scale clinical trial. the vaccine was most effective at a rate of up to 90 percent when patients were 1st given a hot dose, then a full dose a month later. astra zeneca said it could begin distribution by the end of the year if it gets regulatory approval. unlike the buy on tag pfizer vaccine, this one can be stored in a fridge instead of needing an ultra cold freezer. here's how our financial

correspondent, pandi described market reaction to the news. the market. this announcement from the oxford university. that's because this vaccine is being seen as the big court for any normalcy due to turn around the would. this vaccine is cheaper, it is easier to distribute and store. and also this is a vaccine that has actually seen the maximum interest so far. scored the maximum number all for advance, including one from the vaccine alliance, which is looking to distribute the vaccines in africa and other poorer countries. pandey in frankfurt for us now over the weekend leaders of the world's richest nations, convened online for this year's g. 20 summit hosted by saudi arabia. among the big items on the agenda was the vaccine access. but also the question of debt suspension for poor countries. the meeting

concluded with g 20 countries agreeing to extend an existing debt freeze to the middle of next year. the virtual g. 20 summit, organized by saudi arabia, ended without concrete decisions. yet poor nations desperately need a. the international monetary fund estimates that the pandemic will cause up to 10 trillion dollars of damage won't white. economically weak states have few means to counteract a debt crisis. always if you countries that have the cooperation of their central banks and they have national currencies that are people that have substantial value globally. and so they can use their central banks as lenders of last resort for poor countries. this is not possible sort of crisis. i don't see financial crisis coming in, developed countries is rather a problem of emerging and of these developing countries. many african nations already have a manageable levels of debt. just take mozambique angola and zambia,

where debt is 120 percent of their gross domestic product. even economically stronger countries such as south africa and kenya also have high debt ratios. some form of debt deferral has been open to the poorest nations since june. this could be extended by half a year according to one summit resolution debt cancellation is also regularly brought up, but the enormous challenge of getting both governments and private creditors to agree means it's the least likely option. let's talk about this with joy to rein in nairobi. hi julie. can you hear me a i die. hi there. this is debt suspension, if not debt forgiveness. is this any kind of long term solution? do you think? i believe it's a short term solution to africa's problems knowing that many african countries fall

in the category of reminding markets. and also what re seeing is that at least 40 countries heard of distress and 9 countries including zambia, being in debt distress of the homeland. so, suspension on date is just a short term solution, but not really a long term solution. we are seeing some experts suggesting cancellation for some of the african countries enjoy. some countries including kenya have been quite ambivalent about taking up this offer. why it's so countries like kenya have put out the agama and that you know them taking out this leaves as being offered by the g. 20 countries means that the amount that they're receiving might be limited or the amount that is eligible to them might be limited but also there is the issue of the private creditors that are causing quite a number of disagreements as well. he's not just kenya,

but also other african governments. and then also the lowering of their credit ratings as some of the issues that have been put out there and some of the reasons as to why they are not very optimistic about this g. 20 lead. and then also in addition, the private creditors have had conversations we've had in government, some of the african governments, and they don't seem to agree on how exactly they should go about it. because cancellation is out of the question. you talked about private lenders there just, how important are they for a struggling african economies? private creditors are, i think, to some extent, engine that's keeping africa's development going. because if you look at some of the huge couplets projects in the african continent, most of them are from private creditors to give an example of the infrastructure projects in kenya, most of them are being financed by china. it's in the bank or china development

bank and these go up to the billions of u.s. dollars. 'd given example, the rules china rule and bell project is also partly funded by private creditors and saw and other countries as well. not just kenya. so the are highly dependent on private creditors to an extent in addition to super bowl names and euro bonds as well. now it is the nation's joy during vera. thank you so much. amazon says it will join other major online retailers in france in denying its black friday sales event until smaller shops can reopen the following. the current lockdown. it's a welcome move, but probably not enough to endear the online giant to small traders who believe they're being pushed at this christmas is on its way with all the spending that comes with it. and small businesses like this toy shop in paris are reminding shoppers to support their local retailers pointing out. amazon isn't the only place

to shop online, marjorie column, bonnie can't open her physical shop. coronavirus restrictions don't allow it. but trying to compete with global retailers online is a near impossible task that often youth bar or new party will end up thinking of us as seniors because we're trying to sell products that normal prices of what we bought them at a certain cost. and in addition, there are fees and taxes for all of us. sometimes we find the same product online, cheaper than the price the supplier gave us. something's wrong with that. the on happy times for france, a small shop owners pushing some french shoppers to boycott. the big online sellers, tens of thousands of people are signed a petition calling for an amazon free christmas. others are using click can collect to support smaller businesses, things hidden by deliberately avoid amazon, especially now it would be irresponsible in it are rejecting amazon. amazon has

responded to the criticism which has come from as high as the mayor of paris by promising to delay its black friday specials. it says it wants to give small businesses time to reopen, before the shopping bonanza begins led to some of the other global business stories making news. general motors says they will recall nearly 7000000 pickup trucks and s.u.v.s equipped with to cut the air back in place. years in response to a u.s. record 3 order, 27 people have already been killed worldwide by the company's exploding inflation. the decision will cost the old to make around $1200000000.00, that's around a 3rd of its national income. so far this year. the international air transport association says airlines need another $70.00 to $80000000000.00 to survive. they perceived an estimated $160000000000.00 in aid so far,

both sides. the crisis continues, the risk of bankruptcy remains serious. the i 88 will hold its annual general meeting tomorrow. german coalition leaders are expected to sign off on a tie versity quota for company board. the new rule against friday would require list of companies with more than 3 board members to give at least one spot to a woman. critics argue the rule won't do much to boost diversity. on a larger boards, tens of thousands of people marched through the taiwanese capital, taipei on sunday to voice their anger over the government's decision to allow the imports of u.s. pork which contains feed out of other bonds elsewhere. oh, the slogan on the side of the inflatable pig reads, i'm a rock tober mean pig rocktober mean as a few others have used by american farmers to promote in large stock. but in taiwan,, and in most countries around the world, including in the e.u.,

rocktober mean is banned. these demonstrators want to keep the ban in taiwan. or to the i have a child and when we need things to the rocktober mean it's not good for our bodies . i actually hope that the government can see that we citizens oppose this kind of cheated on those who think that i'm a mom from thai chong, i'm here in taipei for the next generation, protesting against the import of poor containing rocktober me because it's very poisonous. the u.s. is taiwan 2nd biggest trading partner. it says taiwan's restrictions on imports of beef and pork are a major barrier to greater trade ties between the 2 sides. taiwan hopes, to deepen cooperation with the u.s. . because china, taiwan's biggest trading partner, is stepping up military, diplomatic and economic pressure on the self ruled. and and

finally, a norwegian, flying enthusiastic is missing his hobby so much. he's turned his kitchen into an airplane. scar installed several rows of old plane seats and has even bought a real trolley to serve food and drinks. the grounded frequent flyer has even arranged, pretend flights for his friends and family. but just like the real airlines, he's having trouble filling those seats to cope it, restrictions but a high flyer. that's all for me for more check out our website. you tell me dot com slash if you can find us on facebook and it is probably a good guy. my

1st vice, like moses sewing machine. where i come from, women are almost by the social tools. even something as simple as learning how to write them by psychos isn't. since i was a little girl, i wanted to have a bicycle off my home, but it took me as them. and finally, they gave up and went to buy me on bicycles and returned with the sewing machine. sewing, i suppose was more apt procreates for those than writing advice and knowledge. i

want to meet those women back home put downs by their duties and social norms. and inform them of old dead basic rights. my name is dave, out of the home, and i work at speeds of this is the dr. newsday show coming up today and admission of guilt. all the death of hong kong's democratic movement. pro-democracy activists, joshua warned, and 2 others are detained after admitting guilt over involvement with the protest. but in the face of an increasing your search of beijing. where does that leave hong kong fortress most much.