that's despite their family to become president. he challenges are the credible story starts december on t w. a green canopy. i had one judged by release of shining light and image familiar to anyone who has looked up at the sky through the new crunches. there was

a feeling of relaxation, but also many other infants, carbon dioxide, slowing climate change. and yet in many places, things are disappearing. at an examination tree. this week we'll look closer at the people and projects trying to protect a more welcome to equal india, and some of that i call our 1st stop to be is at the nature reserve, dr. e. in the hay. molly, us, but probably one job to keep nature reserve was neglected and full of weeds just a few years ago. now it's been restored and not just in line with the endemic ecosystem. and these conservation efforts are even creating jobs for locals who are forced to look for them elsewhere. is this a feasible model to look after the, let's find out

tribe, untouched forest is becoming an increasingly rare sight. in such a forest, wide life is allowed to roam free because of green, left undisturbed by human activity. over the past few decades, the strain on forests has reached disastrous proportions. the changes upset delicate ecosystems and diminish wildlife habitats. at the same time, the poorest part of the population, dependent on forests bad, most of the brunt of the changes. a lifelong resident of the java, cape village, near the mystic of a town of land or with that icon province. 40 year old t.v. has always relied on the surrounding forest for had daily needs. it provides 5 wood for cooking and grass for cattle. over the years, however,

uncontrolled tree felling by nearby villages has resulted in a drastic depletion of green. in addition, a majority of the forests here belong to private landowners, most of whom have become more and more protective of their land. as a result, what used to be a fruitful backyard for locals like belmont, is today out of bounds in what seemed like a practical decision. 5 years ago, elma decided to take up a job at the job markets nature reserve, a few kilometers from home. tired if i ever used to think it would be good to have a lot of cows and let them graze in these forests. but we later realised that they would be chased away from everywhere in the poor. animals would roam the streets and would add to their troubles. we didn't want that. we love our animals. we feel extremely disheartened when they are hurt. now we're happy because money comes from

my salary as well as from the milk from my cow. it's a predicament that is not really new for communities that depend on forests for their livelihood as do some 2 thirds of the population of what auckland conservationist dr. sit in voter is no stranger to the problem. a co-founder of the java kids nature reserve. she has been working closely with the local authorities in the area. you get everything, everything that could happen before this was happening at these will be a lot of these are being felled. those illegal logging going on there was hunting,, going on. there were porches, bordeaux's, y.-o., some as we demoed almost on this natives. you know, as, as a source you know, support system. i think forests should be utilized. there's nothing that says that you have to completely close a forest and that would lead to but i think how utilize it, how you manage it, and setting that there's no long term damage to the forest that if and then used to provide a source of that was that and so we have also not actually closed the forest, there's no fence around the forest, it's really a contract that we

a social contract that we have in the communities to say you can continue to use it in a sensible manner. but at the end of the day, a good thing for us with my life is what is going to bring you the economic the job, acute nature reserve is among the country's few privately owned forest projects. the reserves earnings come from guided nature walks conducted by trained local residents as well as a membership program for schools, companies and interested individuals. a maximum of 30 visitors, a loud in per day most arrive from missouri, a hilltop tourist hot spot of the region. all employees from the local area, there's not a single employee who's from outside. so the 1st thing was generating local jobs and supporting the economy. so we're not competing with anybody. so what has happened is that actually the local villages in the local settlement has benefited from getting the home, stays the restaurants of the taxi drivers, you know, so there's this spread of economic benefit around the area. the

restoration of the forest has brought back animals not seen for close to 50 years from the himalayan bear and leopards to go wild boar and barking deer. the reserve has been attracting large groups of breeding populations, acting as a sort of for many calls on for the wildlife of the media to malia's. some of these images were taken by a very, in their scene, who hails from the neighboring village of cruelty view, who joined the reserve right out of school when he was 17 and age. when almost every young man is expected to find a job in the surrounding tourist towns. this is why this is this. and today he is the chief guide in residence at the reserve. he learned on the job and

took additional courses on conservation and the environment. he's also one century issue as young naturalist toward housing. we see i think with another name in the village where i come from, people are not so confident around outsiders. they're mostly shy and don't talk to anyone. i was the same. i never used to say a word to strangers, but i have completely transformed after coming here who are come from whatever field. so i can talk confidently and explain things well. when your knowledge increases, your confidence does to now be what are the biggest goal now for used to be able to hand over the management of a pet project to committed people like that. and that the idea is to enable the

local community to assume ownership of the job market nature reserve and become the real stakeholder. in this venture. trees are also important in the streets in germany's capital berlin, for example, aligned with 400000 trees. they provide shade and clean, but they themselves also citizens there have developed a project to make sure that things are looked after. this next report is a part of our cities on building sustainable cities. 1000000 dollar land, a livable is best achieved with the help of people who live here via of ways using new technology to contribute to a better understanding of traffic. i would like to see the city authorities and the general public taking care of the trees

water at last. berlin has experienced 3 years of below average rainfall and the trees are dying out. 'd the tree needs at least 10. 1 of these watering cans of water a week. this group of volunteers wants to be part of the solution. they've gotten together today to water their city's trees, as hazardous. let's last summer, the tree in our back yard dying because it couldn't withstand the drought. it was just gone. and i thought the ones in front of the building might be next. and i didn't want to see that happen the next weekend before i'm homeless. or, and this mission a project based at berlin's city lab, set up the neighborhood watering initiative online. the platform shows how much water the different trees need. city lab is a nonprofit foundation based in the german capital where innovations are born with the aim of making the city and more sustainable. the data comes from the city

administration, with daily weather updates and information about whether or not the trees have had enough water. this map contains more than $625000.00 tree points. for each tree you can find out what type it is, the age and its water requirements. and that's what we have for now. but there are other features we could include, like the height, the diameter of the crown, the diameter of the trunk. it's really exciting, especially in terms of watering, that almost 2000 berliners have registered so far. some of them just water trees occasionally. others have taken responsibility for a single tree on their street. berlin has 2500 parks there, the green lawns of the city, the trees improve the climate and filter out exhaust emissions,

and more people are becoming aware of their importance. there are now several environmental initiatives in berlin. this neighborhood in quotes back, some regular gardeners. today they're sprucing up the flower beds and my thing bulbs for next year's flowers. we are all in this together regardless of where we come from and it's a global environment. so we planted flowers and different sorts of things to have a healthy environment to be's. and above all, we just like getting all these people together to do something together. they're happy to be together. the watering group has their work cut out. there's been no rain for nearly 3 weeks. the volunteers can easily see only half of which trees need water. they're hoping the initiative will spread beyond berlin's comes often time stating what you could use this platform for other cities because it's open

source. in principle, any city that has a tree register available, and that has weather data, which is most of them, i could implement this amp themselves, and the volunteers will keep up the good work until winter, helping to keep the thirsty trees or berlin alive. residents of mumbai have also recognised the benefits of open forests, only 30 percent off space trapped by has green kabul. but nonprofit organization forest creators are working to change that they are using the media locking method to plant trees in dense groups. let's take a look. it is almost impossible to believe that this for equal land called the lungs of thought up world was once an industrial dumping ground for

its transformation. talk to 3 years yeah, this used to be an extremely unhealthy nick talk to players. there was always a stench from all the garbage dumps here, including plastic of rubber and bags of chemicals. we could not be allowed to be here. were going to, as well as other the 25 feet tall man made harvest is now home to over $30000.00 trees of $38.00 with idees and several species of birds. reptiles and subsoil creatures says just 100 kilometers south of

this young forest, the metropolis of mumbai, it is facing an unprecedented development. its green spaces are slowly but surely dying. today, mumbai's green cover is less than 13 percent. an alarming statistic, which is why a growing number of organizations are using an a for a station technique that has its roots in japan, but could be a perfect fit for space trapped mumbai. it's called the me of archy met her high density plantations are created with different species of need of trees. we need top money to please take us again if you can increase greenery even by

planting non-native trees in mumbai, between 50 and 60 percent of trees are not needed in a conventional grant, asian, one acre of land. we can only have 2000 trees, but it's, but with a mere buggy mattered. we can plant between 12 to 13000 trees. a hunger were bought as a suburb in mumbai has become the unlikely home for the city's pulse me of aki forest. a project by a local and by mental group dream that began in january 2019. you need to be very, very conscious about what kind of environment that we are going to. so so are you the most important part, whether road warrior, so 1st to understand the soil? the 2nd step is scientifically surveying the area's biodiversity and selecting suitable need to tree species to be planted.

all the saplings and raw materials are then brought to the plantation site and on a, as anyone else for the next 2 years, the saplings are regularly monitored and watered costing would mean 1.5 dollars and 3 dollars. poetry, the meal marcie technique could be crucial in the quest to revive urban green spaces and the impact can be seen in a matter of few years. as demonstrated in thought up all over 90 percent of mumbai has been paved and contradicted in the past 4 decades done in the city into an urban heat island. a large built up area that traps heat and drives up temperatures even at night. carbon dense forest created using the me of aki technique could be enormously useful in combating this. despite the many benefits these young forest cannot be

treated as substitutes for naturally growing old forest. but it's certainly a start. trains also provide homes to other creatures that depend on them like fall life. for example, scientists disagree on how many types of fungus potentially could exist. but the german biologists in our next report are focusing on just 11 that has the potential to change the way we construct buildings. at 1st glance, the helmet by a technologist fast and schubert is wearing might look normal. but he is hoping that it could spare had a green revolution. the entire interior of this bike helmet consists of fungus, my silja men, agricultural waste there for it's extremely sustainable and a very good return it if to the plastic interior of conventional helmets. a helmet

made out of might sound bizarre, but for boston, schubert and his 2 colleagues, it makes perfect sense. back at the lab in the technical university in berlin. all they need to do is to take the cells of the tinder fungus and mix them into culture . this is then added to hemp waste, a perfect snack for the fungus. within some 10 days, its roots, the my celia saw the defy the contents of the back. it's a shock absorbing material that can compete with petroleum based materials in many ways. that was our main motivation. there are so many products, materials that end up in the trash can, such as e.p.a.'s foam expanded polystyrene. that's the material that we're replacing in this helmet makes up 30 percent of plastic waste in landfills

worldwide. that's a lot of the first tests have shown that the helmet can even outperform conventional ones in safety terms. the team still needs to come up with a sustainable outer shell and to ensure that the product is long lasting soft those problems they want to go into business. almost one in 4 cyclists in germany wear a helmet that time schmidt, another by a technologist at the technical university of berlin, discovered the novel uses for fun, detouring a citizen science project that he led these fascinating organisms on the, the animal planet. they come in many shapes and sizes. they love rainy days like this one. and they have lived on this planet for millions of years. a

fungus may well be the biggest living organism on earth. with when they stick their heads out, that's not even the tip of the iceberg, but only a very small part. you don't see the main body, it penetrates the entire forest floor. everything here is creating a communication network with other organisms that is constantly in operation. the organisms don't always like each other. there is fierce competition. generally this contest for nutrients and territory completely passes by. except when it's obvious for all to see as on the street trunk that's covered with a tinder fungus. for trees, this means a slow and there are also some of the tufts feeding on the organic material. here. the more my celio piece 2 species meet inside the trunk. it would be interesting to see how they interact with each other, their competitors. after all, both want to decompose would their ability to break down organic material is

what gives them the energy to grow. other materials that will smith tend to steam, discovered that the local tinder fungus works best for their big plans for the fungus compas. it after the initial growth face, it can be broken up into recrown and molds to create different forms and sizes. but also create the money for. i could certainly imagine that you could build whole walls from funky and the supporting frames from other components like wood, or if you wanted to remain recyclable. i can certainly imagine that you could build a large house with it before. although the lightweight funky bricks are not a load bearing, they could replace many of the building materials. once they're dried and the growth of the mycelium is halted, the breaks could replace polystyrene, for example, providing a much greener form of insulation. this compas,

it is also very flexible at times and his colleagues are planning to scale up the work working together with architects and engineers to see where the material can still be optimized. it wasn't by talk license or we want to make a contribution towards solving global problems. where do we get our resources from? how can we switch to a circular economy? and how can we recycle use products? and i think that funny material covers all those bases with which includes muslims, and must be grown in a controlled environment. funky could just be the stuff to help build the houses of the future. from germany. let's head to indonesia, hilda, for sure. on the preorders, working with women and helping them use their traditional skin weaving bigger from

balmier trees, to break away from the shackles, holding them back to see them having the voice to point out what they want and then and knowing that they can buy whatever they want just because the money is from their own effort, not from the husband, that is the highest happiness. i think that doing you tried to figure out what kind of economy scale that be already have that we do not have to introduce this leveraging whatever and there is skill local resources as well. and they found even from paul in the early fall here,

trees are very abundant there. the skill itself is inherited meeting generations of moms women and the demand and national. and i'm global mark of this all so high for a week of crap. what we do is we work with the women to give them training and increase of quality introduced designs as well, functionality and also us that they please. and then we directly give them access towards our business. more for wholesale, 85 to 90 percent of our revenue come from wholesale. so we sell to gear like laptop back laptops and even they have seminar. they have workshop back that they had out are from doing, you know, one of the husband was not really happy when he knew it. and the wife was leaving

for a couple of hours a day. and then he started to track down his wife saying that if i seem we've again and you, you know, you don't do your household course, i will burn all the week of leaves. and then the wife took up all the sheets and then hit me worst house, and then she weave in the neighbor's house. and after a couple of months, we started, after the research was done, we started to prove that there is a way or income started coming in. and now after a couple of years, the husband is doing all the dishwashing, sweeping and all the household course knowing that we can, we even going to actually provide for a family as well. dreams are the lungs of the yard. many cultures consider them or suspicious for all that they provide us with. let me encourage you to do to go out and plant

a tree. you'll be securing the future of generations to come a leave you with that porter dream. i need you to stay safe. the good care of yourselves and the and rugged, good buy every

day becomes a song for us. and for our pleasure, the book. the ideas is on its way to bring you more conservation. the book. how do we make cities scream, or how can we protect our most of their habitats?

what to do with the waste jannie make a difference by choosing reforestation over the forest recycling over most of the or smart new solutions for staying in the 2nd hour of the earth is truly unique and mean elevate. their uniqueness is what allows us to live and survive the ideas, the environmental suit, skin, color, 3000 on g.w. and all the wrong closely carefully since these 2 little pigs actually discovered the in the i

subscribe to a documentary on too much in being bored with this you're allowed to comprehend it, since you want to look for the school you want to be useful. but on allowed to when you're sick, the doctors know when you fall in love, they won't let you don't have children for fear they'll be invisible to have no feeling when you die, there's no chance of the ever exist. every 10 minutes. in like 10000000, people in the world, the stakes have no nationality, i'm told made up along the lines of that everyone has the right everyone has the

right to stay home. this is the only news line from berlin. iran state television reports that one of the country's leading nuclear scientists has been assassinated. they're calling it a targeted attack. western governments have long suspected more sin fuckers out there of playing a leading role in attempts to develop nuclear weapons. also coming up, the human cost of the conflict in ethiopia. thousands of refugees are left without basic tips. sanitation or food, or the country's president says international calls for dialogue are quote,

interference in ethiopian affairs. plus the number of corona virus infections in germany surpasses the $100000000.00 mark. we asked how bad is the situation in a country once seen as the leading example for containing the pandemic? you just saw a my colleague and jarrett there who will join us in just a moment because we begin with breaking news from iran, where the government says, one of the country's leading nuclear scientists has been assassinated. most in fact is that who you see here has long been suspected by the west. and israel of masterminding, a secret nuclear weapons program on his car was reportedly targeted outside tehran

. there so far been no claim of responsibility, but iran's foreign minister job has, sorry for it has claimed there were quote, serious indications of an israeli role in the alleged killing. and you saw, i met there at the beginning of the show when my colleague, jared, read, gerrit, what more can you tell us about the case? so what we do know is, as you say, fuckers that it was killed near the capital tehran, the defense ministry, is describing it as an assassination. what we know from news agencies, they say he's was targeted by a bomb, and then a silence shot him and the roads, apparently around the area way. he was killed or apparently empty because this is part of the iranian weekend friday. and the area where he was killed is said to be an area where the elites like to the elites in iranian society, like to holaday, there had been reports that he was injured and then taken to hospital. but he since has died. and there's, and we have heard from the iranian foreign minister. that's right,

he is mohammad javad zarif. he is calling it an act of state tara he tweeted, in the last few minutes, terrorists murdered an imminent threat iranian scientists today. this cowardice with serious indications of an israeli role, as you mentioned, showing disparate warmongering of perpetrate is. zarif goes on to say that iran calls on the international community, especially the european union, to end what he says, a shameful double standards and condemn the act of state terror. that's from the foreign minister. what do we know about the scientist? he was a leading nuclear and missile scientists, and he was someone that was called the father of the iranian bomb intelligence agents. agencies in the west say that he was someone that my master minded, the secret nuclear weapons program, that agencies believe iran was developing. we have to also say iran has always denied ever trying to create a nuclear bomb. it says its nuclear activities peaceful. but the un's nuclear

watchdog believes that he lives this coordinated nuclear weapons program that was scrapped in the early 202015 when they were doing an analysis of to what extent iran was developing its nuclear weapons program. the i.a.e.a. named him the only iranian scientist in this report, and they basically concluded that he oversaw right to view these that supported a possible military dimension to the nuclear weapons program. he incidentally is not the only or 1st iranian scientist to be assassinated. that's right. it's nearly exactly 10 years, the 10 year anniversary is coming up of the killing of another iranian nuclear scientists, whose name is a hurry, and between 201020124 iranian nuclear scientists were killed. iran of course, is blaming its longtime enemy, israel,

accusing them of complicity. israel hasn't yet commented on this latest case reporting. thank you. and we're going to turn our attention now to the horn of africa, where the conflicts in ethiopia between the central government and forces of the tea group people's liberation front is having a devastating impact on civilians. is european prime minister abi ahmed has been meeting envoys from the african union to discuss the fighting. but so far he has refused dialogue with leaders from the 2 great region. 3 weeks of fighting have driven tens of thousands from the homes, from their homes, rather with many fleeing to sudan where they end up in camps lacking even the most basic of facilities. the u.n. said on friday that the 1st for humanitarian airlift for refugees had landed in the sudanese capital. hard to deal with mariel muller reports. now we are at the u. n. camp called village,

ate up to 12000 refugees live here in the harsh conditions, running water and food to scale as toilet facilities have yet to be built. here there are many refugees who fled from the town of my cousin. i crossed the border in ethiopia, according to a report by rights group, amnesty international, a massive had to replace that early november. 600 people were slaughtered with machetes and knives. it says, according to witnesses, also as loyal to the t.f. were responsible for killing ethnic him. her residence, but reportedly the m. herrick army and its european forces retaliated and also kill civilians. it's very hard to verify it either side of the government doesn't allow any journalists inside to cry. refugees here that horrific stories of a family in mourning 13 days ago. they lost their home. who was husband, father and brother, a brutal killing committed by. i'm herrick. so just the victim's brother believes he didn't have a problem with anybody. he was an old man. he was killed just because he could. i am really said they believe his death was part of a revenge attack by m.

herrick soldiers after 2 graine militias killed over 600 millions. the victim's wife suffers still in shock. i'm afraid i'm afraid of war. i'm afraid of these people who killed us with nice machetes and accidents that i knew both sides the, its european army and the air forces have been accused of committing atrocities against civilians. but both sides have rejected. any responsibility for the my cadre massacre, suffa doesn't understand why the killing started, so suddenly, the m. haro, whether friends and neighbors, she says that right now had a between that the green. yeah. and the, i'm horrid. there was no problem before we are born together living together and marry each other. but suddenly they came and start killing the children and youth and the old people. and none of that. but the youth, she fears for the 2 grain people and the children who are now displaced,

these children have no future. they don't have anything here in my car that i, we had everything we needed water medicine and treatment. but not here in this camp . and what can i do? he does a big problem in my country. and her biggest hope now is that this war will come to an end soon and that she and her family can go back home and rebuild their lives. these are the other stories making headlines this hour. russian opposition leader alexa, evolving has urged new lawmakers to slap sanctions on president vladimir putin's inner circle. on the appeal came during a virtual conference of the european parliament's foreign affairs committee. activists were invited to brief lawmakers on the situation in russia ahead of parliamentary elections next year. thousands of time pro-democracy protesters have turned out in the capital, bangkok to call for changes to the government. the constitution and the monarchy protestors dubbed the rally a rehearsal to oppose

a coup as months of near daily protests fuel. rumors of another military takeover. french president m r m i call has said he is very shocked by footage of police officers beating up a black music producer in paris. all the victims. a lawyer said he was lucky to have c.c.t.v. evidence as a result, concerns are growing now over a new proposed legislation that would restrict the filming of police on duty. want to turn our attention now to the current virus pandemic of germany has hit another grim milestone. the country has again recorded more than 22000, new daily cases, pushing its total to beyond the 1000000 mark. while that's according to figures from the robert costa institute for disease control, germany largely contained the spread of the virus during the 1st wave in the spring, but has been hit hard by the 2nd wave of infections. and like to turn our 2 chief

political correspondent, melinda crane, who is tracking the situation here in germany. melinda jeremy is a struggling with the keeping the virus at a big lay it out for us. what is the situation across this country right now? well, as you said, we do have new cases per day that are sometimes slightly topping $23000.00. and to put that into perspective, that is more than 3 and a half times the highest numbers that we were seeing back during the spring hearing the 1st wave. so definitely significantly higher numbers now, partial lockdown measures were put into place here starting middle of november and we have seen the numbers, plateau and sometimes to crease. since then nonetheless, they are definitely very high in terms of intensive care capacity. we are seeing a reduction in excess capacity this week. there were about 3600 patients with

covert in intensive care. nonetheless, germany is very well equipped with intensive care beds, so we don't yet face a critical shortage. and the other thing to bear in mind is that we do have a lot more people being tested now than we did back last spring. so that daily rate, that i quoted of $6000.00 back then, undoubtedly there were many cases that were not reported at that time. and if we compare mortality rates at the moment, the current mortality rate is not higher than the one during the 1st wave, if anything it is somewhat lower. so it's a serious picture, but it's also a mixed picture at the moment. a mixed picture at the moment. please. linda, stand by. i'm going to come back to you in just a moment because of course, behind all these numbers are real people. we asked the residents of berlin, what they think about the coronavirus measures so far. take us the measurements are

good, they don't seem to be working properly because the numbers aren't really going down . but i think the measure was the right ones. i may be making myself from popular, but i think we shouldn't allow too many people together over christmas here in berlin by divine doesn't make any exceptions for christmas. i think that if we just follow these simple measures, wear masks, keep our distance, don't travel when it's not really necessary, then we'll get the situation under control. and measures should be stricter, because it's observe that 400 people die every day. just for moscow, mark, i think it's good that we have these measures. the incidence rates are worrying. so i think that what we are doing goes in the right direction has refused to

go back to a moment. now we see we saw a sample of opinions there from berlin, largely backing the measures at the start. is that how most people feel across germany? it seems to be, i've been looking at every survey that i could find from the past week and whether it's surveys of the nation as a whole, whether it's surveys of families with children, whether it's surveys on the basis of party political party preferences. there's a vast majority of germans who say they find that the restrictions currently in place, correct. that they think that their restrictions that are likely to be in place at christmas, limiting gatherings of people are absolutely correct. that these are not disrupting that their plans, a vast majority, 75 to 80 percent saying they were planning to restrict the size of the gatherings they would attend to christmas. anyway, there is a slight divergence from that by party preference. if you look at members of the

rightwing a.f.d. party, they are less likely to express agreement with the restrictions and to some degree the same goes for left party members who say that maybe they would have otherwise met with more people during the holidays. but the fact is, the absolute, vast majority of germans find these measures to be appropriate, find them to be necessary and would comply voluntarily. anyway, chief political correspondent on the crane reporting. thank you as ever. now the speed at which pharmaceutical companies are competing to get their vaccines on the market has raised some safety concerns. so would you take a vaccine if one was available right now? to give you news, wants to know what you think and we have a survey. you can be part of, go to our you tube channel and click on the community section to ass or the question. would you take a vaccine when it becomes available?

you can also leave a comment there. once again, go to the community section of our you tube channel, and that's where you'll find the survey. all right, says stick with us vito, your business is out next week, kate ferguson. and i'll have more for you at the top of the al for now. thank you so much for spending this part of the day with rests. we know that this is very time for us. the coronavirus is changing the world, changing our lives. so please take care of yourself. keep your distance, wash your hands. if you can stay at how we do w.b. for here.