investors made big promises, but here's later, reality looks very different. mr. bush's good drinking water shortage. unemployment up and you're gonna stream of black gold oil as it starts december 4th on d. w a. the fact that this is good news and these are top stories. united nations says more than 40 people have been killed in a brutal massacre in northeast nigeria. motorcyclists are said to have gunned down civilian farm workers, villages, and towns and borno state. no one has admitted carrying out the killings, but the militant group boko haram has attacked the area and recent years thousands of anti-government protesters have marched on the headquarters of an army

regiment controlled by the king of thailand. demonstrators wave the inflatable rubber ducks, which have become a symbol of their long standing demand for constitutional reforms. riot police blocked the gates to the barracks in the capital, bangkok. thousands of people have been evacuated from the slopes of an erupting volcano in the column of ash has risen 4000 meters into the sky. officials have set up an exclusion zone on the island and close the airport. a seismic hotspot in the media has been has more than 100 active volcanoes. this is still the news from berlin. you can follow us on twitter and instagram at news or visit our website. that's v.w. dot com. oh

a green canopy. function and image for many of the anyone who has looked up at the sky through the news and it was the full relaxation, but also many of the many foods common dioxide, snowy climate change. and yet, many this week will people and project i will welcome to india. our 4th stop to is that a nature reserve in the himalayas? a privately one job or keep nature to serve was neglected and full of weeds just

a few years ago. now it's been restored and not rushed in line to the endemic ecosystem. and these conservation efforts are even creating jobs for locals who are forced to look for them elsewhere. is this a feasible model to look after? let's find out untouched forest is becoming an increasingly rare sight. in such a forest wife, life is allowed to roam free, sprawling acres of green cover, left undisturbed by human activity. over the past few decades, the strain on forests has reached disastrous proportions. the changes upset delicate ecosystems and diminish wildlife habitats. at the same time, the poorest part of the population dependent on forests. most of the brunt of the

changes. a lifelong resident of the job market village near the mystic of a town of land. and province 40 year old davy has always relied on the surrounding forest for daily needs. they provide fire wood for cooking and grass for cattle. over the years, however, uncontrolled tree felling by nearby villages has resulted in a drastic depletion of green. in addition, a majority of the forest belong to private landowners, most of whom have become more and more protective of their land. as a result, what used to be a fruitful backyard for locals like elma, is today out of bounds in what seemed like a practical decision. 5 years ago, helma decided to take up a job at the job markets meters or

a few kilometers from her home side. if i ever used to think it would be good to have a lot of cows and let them graze in these forests, but we later realised that they would be chased away from everywhere and the poor animals would roam the streets and would add to their troubles we didn't want that, we love our animals. we feel extremely disheartened when they are hurt. now we're happy because money comes from my salary as well as from the milk from my cow. it's a predicament that is not really new for communities that depend on forest for their livelihood, as do some 2 thirds of the population of a conservationist. dr. sujan voter is no stranger to the problem. a co-founder of the java kids nature reserve. she has been working closely with the local authorities in the area to really get everything. everything that could happen before this was happening at these well being lawfully. having failed, those illegal logging going on. there was hunting, going on. there were ports is borders. why osa, as we demoed on was on this, there was, you know, as, as a source you know,

support system. i think forests should be utilized. there's nothing that says that you have to completely close a forest and everglades it. but i think how utilize it, how you manage it. and so in that there's no long term damage to the forest that if and then used to provide a source of that was. and so we have also not actually closed the forest, there's often sit on the forest, it's really a contract that we're social contract that we have in the communities to say you can continue to use it in a sensible manner. but at the end of the day, a good thing for us with wildlife is what is going to bring you the economic benefits from the room. job acute nature reserve is among the country's few privately owned forest projects. the reserves earnings come from guided nature walks conducted by trained local residents as well as a membership program for schools, companies and interested individuals. a maximum of 30 visitors are allowed in per day. most arrive from missouri, a hilltop tourist hot spot of the region. all employees are from the local area,

there's not a single employee who's from outside. so the 1st thing was generating local jobs and supporting the economy. so they're not competing with anybody. so what has happened is that actually the local villages in the local settlement has benefited from getting the home, stays the restaurants, the pub was the taxi drivers, you know, so there's this spread of economic benefit around the area. the restoration of the forest has brought back animals not seen for close to 50 years from the himalayan bear and leopards to go wild boar and barking deer. the result has been attracting large groups of breeding populations, acting as a sort of for many calls or for the wild like off to meet. some of these images were taken by very in their seeing who hails from the neighboring village of cruelty leader who joined the reserve right out of school when he was 17 and age. when almost every young man is expected to find

a job in the surrounding tourist towns. this is why this is this. and today he is the chief guide in residence at the reserve. he learned on the job and took additional courses on conservation and the environment. he's also one century assures young naturalist award. how can we say? yes, i'm here. ya know. with another name in the village where i come from, people are not so confident around outsiders. they're mostly shy and don't talk to anyone. i was the same. i never used to say a word to strangers, but i have completely transformed after coming here to come from whatever field. so i can talk confidently and explain things well. when your knowledge increases, your confidence does to. now be one of

the biggest goal is to be able to hand over the management of a pet project to committed people like that. and that the idea is to enable the local community to assume ownership of the job market nature reserve and become the real stakeholder. in this venture. trees are also important in the streets in germany's capital berlin, for example, aligned with 400000 trees. they provide shade and clean, but they themselves also need citizens. they have developed a project to make sure that looked after this next report is a part of on building sustainable cities military man,

a livable is best achieved with the hope of people who live here using new technology to contribute to a better understanding of traffic. i would like to see the city authorities and the general public taking care of the trees. water at last. berlin has experienced 3 years of below average rainfall, and the trees are dying out. a tree needs at least 10 of these watering cans of water a week. this group of volunteers wants to be part of the solution. they've gotten together today to water their city's trees and says it has, let's last summer, the tree in our back yard dying because it couldn't withstand the drought. so it was just gone and i thought the ones in front of the building might be next. and i didn't want to see that happen the next weekend before i'm homeless or, and this mediation project based at berlin's city lab,

set up the neighborhood watering initiative online. the platform shows how much water the different trees need. city lab is a nonprofit foundation based in the german capital where innovations are born with the aim of making the city and more sustainable. the data comes from the city administration, with daily weather updates and information about whether or not the trees have had enough water. this map contains more than $625000.00 tree points. for each tree you can find out what type it is, the age and its water requirements. and that's what we have for now. but there are other features we could include, like the height, the diameter of the crown, the diameter of the trunk. it's really exciting, especially in terms of watering. that's what

almost 2000 berliners have registered so far. some of them just water trees occasionally. others have taken responsibility for a single tree on their street. and berlin has 2500 parks there. the green lawns of the city, the trees improve the climate and filter out exhaust emissions, and more people are becoming aware of their importance. there are now several environmental initiatives in berlin. this neighborhood in quotes back as some regular gardeners today there, spruce up the flower beds and planting bombs for next year's flowers. we are all in this together regardless of where we come from and it's a global environment. so we planted flowers and different sorts of things to have a healthy environment to be nice and above all we just like getting all these people together to do something together. they're happy to be together. the

watering group has their work cut out. there's been no rain for nearly 3 weeks. the volunteers can easily see on the app which trees need water. they're hoping the initiative will spread beyond berlin. and one comes off on time study, but you could use this platform for other cities because it's open source in principle. any city that has a tree register available, and that has weather data, which is most of them could implement this amp themselves. and the volunteers will keep up the good work until winter, helping to keep the thirsty trees a berlin alive. if the residents of mumbai also recognised the benefits of open forests, only 13 percent of space trapped by has green. but nonprofit organization forest created as a working to change that they are using the media locking method to plant trees in

dense groups. let's take a look. it is almost impossible to believe that this 4 acre land called the lungs of thought up world was once an industrial dumping ground for its transformation took just 3 years says this used to be an extremely unhygenic toxic players. there was always a stench from all the garbage dump, including plastic of rubber and bags of chemicals. we could not be are to be here.

we're going to the 25 feet tall man, made harvest is now home to over 30000 trees of 38 with idees and several species of birds. reptiles and subsoil creatures see just 100 kilometers south of this young forest, the metropolis of mumbai. it is facing an unprecedented development. it's clean spaces are slowly, but surely dying. today mumbai is clean cover is less than 13 percent. an alarming statistic which is why a growing number of organizations are using an event to station technique that has

its roots in japan. but could be a perfect fit for space trapped mumbai, it's called the me of hakim, at her high density plantations are created with different species of need of trees . we need top money to please take effect and you can increase greenery even by planting non-native trees in mumbai, between 50 and 60 percent of trees are not needed in a conventional plantation. one acre of land, we can only have 2000 trees, but it's more than a mere bucky. mattered. we can plant between 12 to 13000 trees. a hunger were bought as a suburb and mumbai has become the unlikely home for the city's false. we are lucky forest, a project by a local and my mental group that began in january 2019. you need to be very, very conscious about what kind of environment that we are going to. so so are you

the most important part where the water board so 1st to understand the soil? the 2nd step is scientifically surveying the area's biodiversity and selecting suitable need to tree species to be planted. all the saplings and raw materials are then brought to the plantation site dollar as anyone else. for the next 2 years, the saplings are regularly monitored and watered costing would mean 1.5 dollars and $3.00 poetry. to me, aki technique could be crucial in the quest to revive urban green spaces. and the impact can be seen in a matter of few years. as demonstrated in thought up all over 90 percent of mumbai has been paved and contra ties in the past 4 decades done

in the city into an urban heat island. a large built up area that traps heat and drives up temperatures even at night. carbon dense forest created using the me of aki technique could be enormously useful in combating this, despite their many benefits. these young voters cannot be treated as substitutes for naturally growing old forest. but it's certainly a start. dreams also provide homes to other creatures that depend on them like follow life. for example, scientists disagree on how many types of fun guy that are potentially could exist. but the german biologists in our next report are focusing on just 11 that has the potential to change the way we construct buildings. at 1st glance, the helmet by a technologist fast and schubert is wearing might look normal. but he is hoping

that it could spare had a green revolution. the entire interior of this bike helmet consists of fungus, my silja men, agricultural waste there for it's extremely sustainable and a very good return it. if to the plastic interior of conventional helmets, they have made out of might sound bizarre. but for schubert and his 2 colleagues, it makes perfect sense. back at the lab in the technical university in berlin, all they need to do is to take the cells of the tinder fungus and mix them into culture. this is then added to hemp waste, a perfect snack for the fungus. within some 10 days, its roots, the my senior summer to find the contents of the back.

it's a shock absorbing material that can compete with petroleum based materials in many ways. that was our main motivation. there are so many products, materials that end up in the trash can, such as p.s. foam expanded polystyrene. that's the material that we're replacing in this helmet makes up 30 percent of plastic waste in landfills worldwide. that's a lot of first tests have shown that the helmet can even outperform conventional ones in safety terms. the team still needs to come up with a sustainable outer shell and to ensure that the product is long lasting. once they've sought those problems, they want to go into business. almost one in 4 cyclists in germany wear a helmet that time schmidt, another by a technologist at the technical university of berlin, discovered the novel uses for fun. be cheering,

a citizen science project that he led. the fascinating organisms are neither animal nor plant. they come in many shapes and sizes. they love rainy days like this one. and they have lived on this planet for millions of years. a fungus may well be the biggest living organism on earth. with when they stick their heads out, that's not even the tip of the iceberg, but only a very small part. you don't see the main body. it penetrates the entire forest floor. everything here is creating a communication network with other organisms that is constantly in operation. the organisms don't always like each other. there is fierce competition. and generally this contest for nutrients and territory completely passes by. except when it's obvious for all to see as on the street trunk that's covered with

a tinder fungus. for trees, this means a slow and there are also some of the tufts feeding on the material. here. the more my celio piece 2 species meet inside the trunk. it would be interesting to see how they interact with each other, their competitors. after all, both want to decompose would their ability to break down organic material is what gives them the energy to grow. other materials that will smith tend to steam, discovered that the local tinder fungus works best for their big plans for the fungus compas. it after the initial growth phase, it can be broken up into really grown in molds to create different forms and sizes, but also put them up before i could certainly imagine that you could build whole walls from funky and the supporting frames from other components like wood if you wanted to remain recyclable, i can certainly imagine that you could build

a large house with it. for although the lightweight funky bricks are not a load bearing, they could replace many of the building materials. once they're dried and the growth of the mycelium is halted, the brakes could replace polystyrene, for example, providing a much greener form of insulation. this compas, it was also very flexible that tom and his colleagues are planning to scale up the work, working together with architects and engineers to see where the material can still be optimized. it wasn't by talk license. we are, we want to make a contribution towards solving global problems. where do we get our resources from? how can we switch to a circular economy? and how can we recycle use products? and i think that from the material covers all those bases with which includes much of arms and burst, are grown in

a controlled environment. funky could just be the stuff to help build the houses of the future. from germany, let's head to indonesia. he had a social entrepreneur working with women and helping them use their traditional skills, leaving big from balmy doctrines to break away from the shackles, holding them back to see them having a voice to point out what they want. and then what the and knowing that they can buy whatever they want, just because the money is from their own effort, not from the one that is the highest happiness and things that are doing.

we tried to figure out what kind of economy of scale that be already have that we do not have to introduce this leveraging whatever. and there is still local resources as well for all of the realtor. and we found reading from paul, the relief of your trees are a very abundant there. the skill itself has inherited between generations along these women. and this we work with the women to give them training and increase of quality and introduce designs as well, functionality. and also aesthetically, and then we directly give them access towards our business more for wholesale, 85 to 90 percent of our revenue come from wholesale. so we sell to a court for corporate gifts, like laptop back laptops and even they have seminar there for truck back that they

hand out are from, you know, one of the husband was not really happy when he knew the wife was leaving for a couple of hours a day and then he started to track them his wife saying that if i see what we've again and you, you know, you don't do your household course. i will burn all the recovery. and then the wife took all the sheets and hip and knee, worst house, and then she weave in the neighbor's house. and after a couple of months, we started after new research was done, we started to prove that there is a buyer income started coming in. and now after a couple of years, the husband is doing all the dishwashing, sweeping and all the household course knowing that we can even going to actually provide for the family as well. dreams are the lungs

of the many cultures. consider them or suspicious for all that the provide us with let me in college, you today need to plan to treat. you'd be secure in the future of generations to come. a leader without porter drew mind, you see if the good care of yourselves and the

hamas is playing a crucial role throughout our lives. and the most important of chemical messengers in our bodies are all hormones playing into how they influence our emotions. just someone who wrong in a room, they have moods or harm. a good showing next block d.w. they are defining the climate change in bangladesh have stuck to their necks.

they're growing in haiti with it's been a regional tradition, but is touted as a model for the entire country. lissie idea, 3000 and 60 minutes. why did this person there on the result that can be to make up your own

double hello and welcome to you. in good shape is someone wrong to you in a really bad mood? this can be almost always somebody totally love sick. and in the grip of that all modes, or do you have an adolescent son who is flaking out and getting weird? this is puberty and it's all about hormones. hormones have a bad ship, messing everything up, but is the only choose the automatons?

let's find out all monks, messenger substances that control a lot of metabolic pathways. and there are plenty of calm on. so let's focus on a tiny sample. and what they can do for you. and you're on the brink of life and death. but we can often count on adrenaline. the hormone is released the adrenal gland in response to stressful situations. it spreads rapidly through the body stream for a few short moments that still is a veritable superpowers. but soon after, the effect wears off. other hormones have a much longer impact in so much trouble than it helps to grow estrogen and testosterone influenced sexual development, as well as our physique in effect,

our sleep cycles. apart from the adrenal gland hormones are released from the pancreas and the kidneys. the testicles are ovaries, that imus the guy, right, and the gland. the pituitary gland is found at the base of the brain and is responsible for hormonal regulation. hormones are an important means of communication between me and mine. just think about what happens to us when we fall in love. just thinking about our beloved can give us butterflies cause us to lose our appetite, or set our pulse racing, and give us sleepless nights. hormones such as dopamine and fennel at a limine are responsible for such feelings. a solid relationship makes us calm and relaxed thanks to higher levels of serotonin. physical contact releases, oxytocin, which fosters a sense of trust between partners. suffering

a broken heart has the opposite effect. oxytocin levels drop as just don't come in as we gradually lose heart and become of our chick hormones play a central role in our lives. and they help us to attain our goals and reward us with positive feelings. even if it's not always clear whether we control our hormones or if they're in charge of us all moments decide nearly everything in our life. if we're cheerful, if we're tired, if we're hungry, if our hair falls out, or if we feel like having sex, our hormones are constantly on the move. they're going up, they're going down. they're going up again. not only in the cause of the day, but in the cause of a lifetime. this is especially evident in puberty when boys and girls are having

difficulties coming out of bed in the morning. but for us adults, instead of getting annoyed by this, we should watch the next report. it's 8 o'clock in the morning for germany's high school as that's when the day gets started. least it used to be i was constantly still at home. yes, i don't go in until a bit later when i'm more awake, then i can actually take part. if i went in for 1st period, i'd be useless. so it's not a new approach at this school, allowing students to work by themselves in the 1st 4 periods means he only needs to go in when he's in a fit state to learn. there's a teacher on duty to help and to supervise, but the students decide the schedule themselves and can stay home for the 1st few hours if they want to

have an impact is a chronic biologist, and believes the system can be a huge help to teenagers. begin, now, we know that from puberty, young people start going to bed and waking up later until they're 20 or 22, when they sleep pattern changes again. in the course of our life time, we go back to a pattern of going to bed and waking up earlier that young people usually have to get up early, even though they're going to bed late and state and absent. so they end up with a serious sleep deficiency. and when they're in math class at school, it's basically their biological night time. and the teenage cicadas, the rhythm means that even if they try getting to bed earlier, they can't fall asleep. that body clock keeps them up when the alarm goes off in the morning, it interrupts their rapid eye movement sleep. the rem ses plays an important

role in processing information and emotions. we know that sleep deprivation is closely linked to alcohol dependency extreme fatigue and concentration difficulties . it's also a factor in high risk behavior. teenagers are more vulnerable to traffic accidents . they have more difficulty learning and their depression rates are high and the school grades suffer. the cost and has avoided this fate. his high school doesn't want teenagers, acadia rhythms to impede that performance. and has taken the pioneering step of only scheduling tests and exams later in the day. for new freshmen studion, a number of studies have shown that people who are late krajina types, in other words, people whose internal clock tells them to go to bed late. i had a disadvantage in school and especially when it comes to exams, it makes

a difference. what time the exams take place if the exams are early it's bad for late chrono types in that teenage bodies release hormones that affect that biological clocks, pushing them to stay on my work best if i go to sleep around 10 or half past 10 and then don't go to school until 2nd period and something makes the whole day much easier. and that's what matters. it's about how the day starts. it's really great that we decide for ourselves when we start. it puts you in a better mood. it's been fun, i'm finished. it's like i'm off young. my grades have really improved i was actually surprised by how much of a difference it makes, just as i don't want to eat, definitely prefer this system on a student's

ability to absorb information and concentrate depends on the time of day. if they want teenagers to learn efficiently, schools need to factor in their rhythms of the community and we're not talking about elementary school children or 10 or 11 year olds. this is a problem affecting teenagers. they should only have to go to school later in the day. scientists have been saying that for decades, but so far, few schools here in germany have taken note, is there such a thing as hormonal, self-determination, this is the topic of onyx talk and i will send our medical report out to frank, a paragon of high medical peter here my questions are meeting dr. frank, our partner on the new scientist and wrote a book about hormones. hello, how are you feeling fine? i mean, that's fine if anyone can feel these days, but it's a beautiful day. and that humor is to search for you or your audience. while they

are certainly influential. when you look at the sun, for example, that will raise my serotonin levels, which will help me, for example, to suppress a desire the because sort of tone is really good at suppression. so of course, hormones play an important role in how we feel. for instance, i like to think about them like music problems, have a very bad reputation beltrami america. bricks were thrown up our life difficult for us. are you right when things no it. luckily, not the idea that halmos somehow like a disturbance in our system comes from this very. we have the idea that we are these rational beings who make rational decisions all the time. and i'll wrestle decisions are great decisions. even though, i mean have you seen people also, other systems aren't that great, even the most rational ones. we can lie to ourselves. we can over excedrin chances

we can get the wrong idea or just not think far enough. so basically, already our idea of all brain is slightly overrated. let's start with the rich or where's the proof that we really come to slog and what we do luckily not in the end, you can say that they are a necessity halmos on the sets of the but they're not enough to make the decision. so basically they will push you in a certain direction. for example, if you think about sex, they will make you feel last or maybe feel your impulses strong and weak of it. the path that tells you not to dance too much or to take back and keep back. but in the end, if you act on your impulses, that's your own decision. that's your brain making these decisions. and so we can't

hide behind our homes. same as the tip of the iceberg can hide off the rest of the iceberg. we all want business, all part of us. there are thousands of homes, but 2 of them everybody knows a surgeon and toaster store and a sort of room in thrones with the woman and 1st a throne room when it is sort, sir, or easy. no, of course not. and it's shocking, frankly, how often we still find that, and you tube videos telling man how to suppress a estrogen, how to use it to still strong and so on and so on. so 1st of all sex hormones and as binary, as we think, and neither sex is, frankly, basically testosterone and estrogen asked was tributed across all that and doesn't sex us. we can't even say that if we meet a woman, she necessarily has a high estrogen levels on everett's. yes. but the same goes for disaster and levels . these change was all lifestyle and they change also from the morning to the even

ing. so there is not this one being influenced by just all stone and another one by a strip in another interesting home of sorts. who told the crowd to go home. it is so we have so run recorder with someone and make a speech for and cozy. on the other hand, it makes us how does it fit together? yeah, that's another thiis example of where we have an idea of how the world should feel and that we should i go stuff the homeowner into that very narrow idea. our idea of love us and the spot. ok, this must be cuddly and romantic at the same time. even though if you look at love on the homeowner level, is very different thing than these very exciting times that are more stress hormones and also serotonin. and there is this cozy pot to which oxytocin also belongs the part where we feel restful without patna. and while we enjoy being

together, i'm just letting go of regenerating. but as everyone knows who, for example has a dog. when dogs have puppies, you don't go so close by because you're going to get bitten probably. and that's an important part of love that we're protecting the ones we love. so i'm not sure why we are so surprised that a homo that's involved in love would also be involved sometimes in aggression and sensitivity to threats. you wrote a very interesting book about hormones, about mysterious ruocco, through substances and or brain to blot what should we know about or i think the most important take home message for the book was for me to be less varied. of all the things that are home still with us and think more of all the things that we do call home loans without schedule was all pills was all the stuff we doing. it never really thinking about the question shouldn't be. how

do we eliminate these home will effect? how do we eliminate all homes? the question should be, where is this point and when does it harm us? and how do we find this point? and then we can also help people or help ourselves reach ship. but for that, we really need to drop the idea that homeowners in general are bad. i see a lot to do for scientists like your thank you for this. interesting. thanks. as long as everything is working properly, the whole moves. we don't even notice them. but if they fall out of balance, life can be a living, hell, exhaustion, mood swings, headaches, hot flashes, concentration and sleep disorders, weight, gain, weight loss. so watch out. there can always be a dysfunctional, hormonal system behind those symptoms. if it ever seen you feel like you're missing something, part of what it means to be a woman. for a long time, kate wondered what was wrong with her period only came every 3 to 6 months.

and your thoughts can spiral when you wonder why you haven't had your period for so long. at the age of 21, she went to see her gynecologist. she did an ultrasound and noticed that there were changes in my ovary and she then made a diagnosis based on that kate was diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome. a hormonal imbalance associated with an excessive level of male hormones . the doctor didn't break the news with much sensitivity.