he's been in the job since 2006, won the world cup in 2014, and then survived in the top despite crushing out at the group stages of the walls cup and russia. 2 and a half years ago. news coming up shortly. our current affairs documentary close up, and don't forget, you can get all the latest news and information around the clock on our website. that's dot com. you can also follow us on twitter or instagram, at least. i mean, if it's a watched the fight against the coronavirus pandemic has the rate of infection been developing. what does the latest research say? the information and context, the coronavirus update code 19 spent on t w.

how does a virus spread? why do we have it? and when will all of this just through the tech and weekly radio show is called spectrum. if you would like any information on the coronavirus or any other science topic, you should really check out our podcast. you can get it wherever you get your podcast. you can also find us at science homeless during a palm demick in the french capital, paris, health care workers deliver a mosque, family ties or, and food to rough sleepers. in rome, volunteers conduct temperature checks to test for a fever. it seems like these are playing at all over the world,

whether living on the streets or in close knit communal shelters. homeless people are especially vulnerable to code 90 it's called weather bites. in some parts of the world, they face a double threat. many homeless people are older and have underlying medical conditions which leave them out of increased risk for severe illness, homelessness, organizations say social distancing, and hygiene measures are often all but impossible to maintain. this is the job use covert 900 special. i'm kate ferguson. thanks for joining me. an estimated 150000000 people around the world don't have a home, lack of affordable accommodation unemployment, a family breakdown and addiction are some of the major causes. now during the pandemic, homeless people have been pushed into

a more precarious situation than ever. and our next report will meet lukey, a homeless man in the german city of cologne. business used to be better every day. it's here and hopes for the goodwill of the passers by. but since the start of the pandemic, the tourist crowds have dissipated, and most of the people keep their distance. there are fewer people around and fewer people who approach me because they're scared of corona, i guess because i'm homeless, live on the street. on good days, used to make up to 33 hours enough to feed himself and his dogs. but in recent months has had to sit here for an entire day. look, he spends his nights on the bridge. he's 35 and came to germany from slovakia to find work. he's been homeless on and off for the past 5 years. he lost his last

home in august because his landlord didn't allow dogs. if i'm going there myself, i always have the dogs with me. when i look for work, employers want to see where i'm registered, but without a home i have no registered address without an address, i can't get a job without a job. i can't get a flat and money. a vicious circle at least twice a day. look, he makes a stop at the cafe for homeless people learn central station. he comes here to eat, shower, and charges phone. but even here, things have changed. only 8 people are nowadays allowed to sit in the cafe before corona, the close to $30.00 to $40.00 people at once. for many, here this place is a lifeline. and despite the new lockdown measures it's allowed to stay open. that's one of the main problems for homeless people,

which will probably get even worse during the winter months, is that there are fewer day shelters and indoor spaces for them to spend time in. and we're not the only institution which is have to restrict its numbers. others have also been affected. sleeping rough through the winter will definitely be challenging for the key. and he's also worried about corona, especially because he can do so little to protect himself. because i want to stay healthy and are trying to be careful. going to take all the necessary precautions when i live on the street. i'm always in town with my dogs. i meet other homeless people. i can always get infected, and i'm always at more risk than other people. i roof over his head. that's a new keys. biggest wish during the current crisis, then he can look for a job again and no longer has to rely on help from others. for more and if they she, let's talk to fake shane event, director of the european federation of a national organization of working with the homeless. mr. speight event. welcome.

what do we know about how the homeless community is experiencing this pandemic? well, i think it's important to note that most homeless people are homeless, people in general are more vulnerable to 19, then the general population, basically for one reason is because they're all from beat existing health conditions that make them more vulnerable. and also because of their situation, the situation they leaf in make the move and the like most homeless people live in shelters. i don't have to explain to you without following the guidelines imposed by the government, such as staying at home. playing social distancing is extremely difficult when you're in a shelter. so i think the homeless population is really movable, or the groups of society for the 1000 problem. and with all those factors in mind,

what can you tell us about covert 1000 rights among the homeless? are they getting access to testing and treatment? well, in the rates, it's difficult to see because it is very if you come to take, they thought the infections amongst the homeless people. but what we know is that, that he's a bit of a difference between the 1st wave in the 2nd wave that we're currently experiencing . in the 1st wave, the echoes we get from the homeless shelters is that the half be able to be dissipated of the disease in the homeless shut the system. now in the 2nd, we've got seems to be different. be here from countries like france, for instance, where a study was, get it out of the shelter system, but is in the but it's a lesion. and they found that in all the shelters that they investigated, the over 50 percent of the book relation who actually infected by $1000.00. so we

think it took a little bit of fine for the vitus to end that into the shelter system into shelters. but that is currently the case in quite a few countries and when the fight is these circulating in the shelter system, it's but it's very creepy because so many people live together. there many shelters are overcrowded and said what our government's doing to protect the home of either any best practices that you know off. well, governments are many governments are doing things, certainly emergency measures. it has been quite remarkable how quickly many governments have been able to get people, street homeless people, you could say off the streets as, but they can't measure. they were new shut, the banks were created. that's where used to accommodate homeless people. then put a leaf even some countries used a b. and b. flats to find accommodation for homeless people on the sea. so as,

as emergency response, many countries did actually quite well. if i can give you one example of a concealed a seat on the well, it is doubly in the reader house managed to keep the infection rates in anybody, anybody who was so that's one thing in terms of the long term solutions. it's only a few countries that actually use the $1000.00 bomb. they make to change the way they dress. fulness is because it's obvious the shell that it is not a solution to homelessness. homeless people meet housing, often with supports. housing is important, but it is some countries not use the 1000 pound they make as a lever to actually change the way they address homelessness. and the netherlands would be a good example. the government there has just decided to invest 15000000 euro in housing solutions for homeless people in order to get as groups the seem to use the

abundant make to say what, ok, we can not. we have to go beyond the emergencies, bones and actually providing sustainable housing solutions with support if necessary, for whom it's people. and you think if anything we can learn from the fund and make that might actually help tackle home if in the future. well, what we learned is that it is over, but it is important. it is, the housing is the best protection against good 19 and gives any damage and actually against orders or vision for the health problem. so putting people into shelters as an emergency measure is fine. it's probably progress, but it's not a safe place for homeless people to be. so you actually need housing. housing is the best pull that shit against the pond they make. and i hope that that will sink in with, with the governments with the decision makers stop in the future. they will put more emphasis on the people homeless people as quickly as possible to housing and provide the support necessary housing is probably one of the most stark,

a social determinants of health. and i think that has now become quite of this friction event from the european federation of national organizations working with the whole mess. thank you so much. thank you. robert time nightgowns or one of your questions over to our science correspondent, derrick williams. how long does it typically take in europe to approve a vaccine after phase 3, trial results are published under ordinary circumstances, not in the midst of a public health emergency. the scientific evaluation carried out after phase 3 trials by the e. m. a. the european medicines agency, it takes time developers 1st, have to submit testing data, and what's called a marketing authorization application that governs general approvals for medicinal products. throughout the e.u.

. a board at the agency called the committee for medicinal products for human use is required to submit a scientific verdict on the application within $210.00 days. it then passes that opinion on to the european commission, which makes a decision on whether or not to grant an approval within $67.00 more days. so all in all the process can take between 9 and 10 months. but that's under ordinary circumstances. in the midst of this pandemic, the e m a has set up a special task force to help fast track covert 19 treatments and therapies. it allows for accelerated action in a number of ways for vaccines. a key change is that developers don't have to wait until all of their data is final. before submitting it for approval, but have been able to submit it instead in batches while the trials are still ongoing. a process called a rolling review. so in the end,

the formal assessment will take much less time for covert $1000.00 back scenes that have proven safe and effective in trials because the e m a has cleared the way for what's called conditional marketing authorisation. you can submit your questions for derek via our egypt channel for all the nations on the pandemic go to g.w. dot com slash covert 19 until next time for me in the team and take the gold in 1000 pandemic has been linked to the destruction of habitats and wildlife, and now the virus threatens to return to the wild by a human transmission. osing a danger to all. how can this vicious circle be stopped? projects in africa give cause for optimism, but also show what problems exist from cold to climate. can africa's forests help

save the world, close up on t.w. green lungs that let nature and human submarines easily. in the mega city of mumbai, nope. only 13 percent of the city is covered by green space. a japanese method of reforestation aims to change that. it can create a way season, biodiversity interest 3 years eco can do in 60 minutes on, d. w. we know this is very time for the coronavirus is changing world changing.

so please take care of yourself. good distance, wash your hands. if you can stay at how we deal with humans for here for you, we are working tirelessly to keep you informed on all over platforms. we're all in this together. run together, making sure it stays safe. everybody stays, stay safe, stay safe. please stay safe. this is the but when the rain forest in uganda it's part of a national park that was declared a unesco world heritage site. in 1994, the forest is home to an estimated $1000.00 out gorillas, but their habitat is now threatened because humans are moving ever closer and could

even spread the call that 1000 buyers to the gorilla population. can we stop the spread of such though not of diseases? what part to humans play in this process? and is there a connection between colvin climate change and the destruction of wildlife habitats? some african countries plan to reforest 100000000 hectares of land over the next 10 years. how do they plan to do this? today we're going to visit a mountain gorilla habitat. our guide is dr. gladys colorimetry, who soca, a veterinarian. first, some anti virus measures dr. kelly might see kusaka co-founded, an organization that aims to protect wildlife from disease spread by humans. but it

funded the organization in 2003. and at that time, people do not think it was a priority. they recognized that it was an issue, but they didn't think it was such a deep problem. but the could be tension, continue to show that it's really a big problem. and if you want to put in the next pandemic, you have to be able to seriously couldn't control. it isn't serves more of the situation also affects local residents who make their living from tourism. business of selling out recently. that's bad news for park ranger course must to move to media and also for gladys's organization because they need the cooperation of the local community. so you've been coming back with friends or now that i just started work one day when i saw some tourists that there was a white person with them. we hadn't seen one for a long time. the gorillas live really close by. so i know right away if something is wrong, like people trying to sneak into their habitat,

but you get on the one supporting him. then you go on with everything going photos caught us? yeah, i noticed they were there with us and he's the neighbor of us, or sometimes they go to that neighborhood as a brown. ok, they're not going to come in for the day of the rangers. will ensure the guerrillas away from the settlements back into the forest to the park needs the income that the tourist trade provides. but at the same time, the rangers have to protect the gorillas from potentially dangerous contact with humans. especially these days of our next life or through those for me it is one of the leading aid, but it does close us to this effect and it indicates one of us can lead the way this is so that when we are 15,

you hear that if the president is that although the number of mountain gorillas is increasing, they are still considered an endangered species. there are 2 separate gorilla populations. one here in the windy and the other in the verandah mountains, about 80 kilometers away, finish it over 90 percent genetic material with the mud in the mountain gorillas, and can easily make them sick. and so if you to quote from them, sneeze on them, you can very easily spread, could be $911.00 repeatedly disease to them, fits like india for us to go to the top of and for them. and there's so few in number compared to us. so we have to do whatever we can. for example, we have to meet 10 meters away from them. everybody is wearing a mask and we have to 100 times disinfect feet when we're getting close to the green. have to look at what they pick to artists to be very. they are friends and i use it to people given us. so they kind of come to us

when you see them climb the flight deck, some steps behind. i don't practice on the good folks of the battle front of us. it's called public order feeling good going on, you know, back in the school, the only civil back up to me, the same about becoming a mess that's hanging about to get to you and the direction of travel for granted. don't realize that there's a pandemic flooding, they don't know that they should look at this. and the park rangers have basically been trying to be had between them so that they don't get too close. get a prescription up diseases from us like infectious diseases and think that to a very special connection. whenever i see them is just amazing. it's magical, every single time over a few of them. so many times it's tonight equipped play

play, play, play. the real is built on this every single night and in the morning when they're getting up to start the day, they defecate in it normally on the site. but it's a very good way for us to be able to monitor the health of the gorillas. what we do is we pretty much we measure the size of the dung, i think will tell us whether it's an adult male silverback or with every adult female. this is like 8 centimeters. so this must be an adult male. this may well be the silverback training you can get from the new crop. so we take samples from each, have been treated gorilla group once

a month. and then if it's of normal. so if we're following them on the train, and one of them is passing down to collect samples so that we're able to monitor their health the whole year. so a species that's related to humans is now threatened by through poaching warfare, the destruction of forests. and most recently, the covert pandemic for which we are unique because the way that could be has come is through human kind actions going into forests like this trapping wild animals, putting them in cages next, other animals, you know, this is about the corner of my wrists. which mutated in which to jump the other species from there, it's pretty simply none just as easy as the space between money. you can jump back to the land. chimpanzees of the supposed to be native elite ugandans the windy forest to travel east to neighboring. kenya,

we want to find out more about bats. the animals that are widely believed to be the source of the corona virus. lloyd, our destination is mt. albert nash park. my local resident augustine, but i will show us the caves where the bats live. i used to for the birds that when i was too old, if it were worth it, these men from the village are headed for the case to hunt for bats. the meat is considered a delicacy by many in this part of kenya. despite the objections of conservationists who we've been eating bat, meat for generations if we can find any vegetable as we go up to the caves just like our ancestors did that meat pretty often. it's easier to find the chicken soup, that first,

the hunters cut branches like these to catch the bats. then they cut off the long thorns near the bottom of the branch so they can hold on to it. the forms on top will be used to trap the bats. the vegetation becomes more dense as we approach the caves of which i did this and is still there, but it's to see if it's from good to id. i think if the case where you'd like to get out of it, some of the men dive into a pool in the cave to scare the bats. and the animals fly outside the hunters are waiting there to catch them. if you go, we use the branches to chase the bats around and then their wings get caught in the thorn as you know, it works great and no one gets hurt or no it's

you saw it, it is because it's who wouldn't like my give me anything i should keep, i don't have a problem with catching bats. seeing it in my head about that disease, we just have to be ready to go. all that, it doesn't turn up here. and in fact, if someone finds a cure for it, that he, i'm starting to think like, i do need to ask that more update. maybe it's the way they put they can take something. well, even if it's moved somewhat interesting, it's really something to know that it's the hunters returned home with their catch . meanwhile, it's just bernardo to ski on quando is getting ready to visit the caves just right

dr. and wanda is studying diseases that bats could transmit to humans. but when human beings, the numbers increased from say, whole deal to now 8 and 10. do you remember this piece on artemis? the same. surreal complaint was beside the mantra, last place to have attacked. the protest demis indicates that the facts mentioned it because then they would scatter. so the control to have it checked when they do so is pretty good because it was done to enable the best template class dr. or go under and his colleagues wear masks and protective suits. they're well aware of the health risks posed by bats. now go deep into the caves to find the animals in the last 2 decades, 60 percent of the mizen diseases,

i found in bats are there because her teeth have bats. that means bats. how good the highest number of classes have, how potentially to jump human being has to come close to creating public health for they're going to be robots. which america says is even better if you think they're what you call cookies. they have specific programs, they love to still remember what you are, the fact these make their habitat so this is because they fear they have a type that they like to see to round out a better system in the last one and a change in our view it concludes, increasingly seeing poaching that it is moving toward that they are pushing

small amounts now putting him into either collection for you to use it in the bush meat on sale. they allegedly don't understand that the pets that pads pulls in towns whole spiel says successful people such as the 50 s. a group, if you couple which it is open to. and so if there will be a spillover, a small village will be affected. and if it'll cause it to be localized now, because we move from point a to point b. within an hour, and then from one human being in the beat to yolanda communion to 3 hours and then cruising over to new york. in one day, you can see how we are giving back such a scheme at munich,

the people who live in this village don't seem to worry about the health risks posed by bats can go when they feel a fair fight. and i know if there was a disease here, we would have caught it a long time ago. but the old people have been eating this meat for years. just as our ancestors did. you can eat it and live to be 100 you know, then they then if they like a book, these are the internal organs. they're safe to eat because the bats eat a lot of salt in the caves. each bag has about a quarter kilo of meat and it's disease free. give them is that, you know, even if it affected about that, of course the kids don't listen when their parents try to warn them,

but they want to find out more that my youngest son would eat. that means that when he grows up like my oldest son, he won't be 4 . people eventually learn to stay away from the bats and stop cutting down primeval forest. that is the earth's climate is changing and new diseases are turning up all the time. these are manmade problems. in kenya, the authorities are trying to reverse these trends. this effort includes a reforestation program, but the situation is complicated because people are now living in the areas where the new trees are to be planted. this is the mouth forest in western kenya. the region is home to an important ecosystem, including a major reservoir. the government has now ordered new settlers by catherine to leave the area when

they told us that this was forest land and ordered us to move. and they said that we were destroying the trees and ruining the reservoir. so they said this was causing water shortages in neighboring countries. and thinking of the nation, he snorted, i was happy to just work on my land. i could grow food for my children and earn some money to pay for their education in a theoretical question. but one young lady in the government has caused us a lot of grief. i had to tear down my 1st 2 houses. soldiers burnt down our 3rd house where my children used to study. they destroyed the granary too. i lost

everything. i couldn't even harvest my corn and millet props. when i saw the settlers will have to leave their land to make room for nutrients. the government plans to increase the amount of forest land to 10 percent by 2022, but the $10000000.00 trees are to be planted in the mouth forest along this effort is aimed at stabilizing the regional climate and getting the rivers flowing again. but what will happen to the settlers? some of them say they own the property and happy documents to prove it. they claim that the government has cheated them. but kenya's environmental minister says that the settlers had no right to move into the area. oh my god, i know you're not forced out there and i've gone back to where they had good. they can. i think they came from everybody each one of them knows that they should not

have been here to begin with. most of the settlers had nothing more than a simple heart and a bit of land for the crops. but they have no idea what they're going to do. now. they don't know any powerful politicians who could plead their case to the government. so katherine will be left on her own to provide food and shelter for herself and her children. for now, they're staying with a relative rigidly dad and my uncle took us in for a while. there are lots of kids in the house and sometimes they fight with each other again. so i can't do anything about it. i'm just a visitor there. i tell my kids to stay calm and don't provoke the others. but where else can they go when they want to play? some of the settlers have built small houses on land that was donated by a private individual. there's no room for crops here. not even a garden. katherine has no idea how long she'll be able to stay. she uses wood from

one of her old houses to build a new home. i'm not getting help from anyone. so i can't provide for my children like i could when we had farm land. of my kids ask me, what are we going home? and i don't know what to tell them. i hope that we can find some metal sheeting for the roof. as soon as we get the roof built, we can move. the settlers don't understand why they are being blamed for the region's environmental problems, nor do they understand why the rivers in the must high moral and serengeti plains are drying up. they simply want to place to live and work

only god gave people land so that they could live on it. and that's all we're doing . living on the land that was provided to us by god. and in katherine is heading to a meeting of displaced persons. the african union has demanded a temporary halt to the expulsion of the settlers and human rights groups, including one led by american attorney logan hambrick. promised to help with we have started to tell your story. that is, if you take politics and they require basic human rights, tell you things that you deserve for your dignity, housing items, things for your kid to look for your children to he told us that if we can't go back to our homes, will be given

a new piece of land where they knew what they were, then if that happens we would be very happy and he would be a new guy. at this point, no one knows what will happen. in any case africa's population is growing rapidly. how will the continent feed its people and deal with the effects of climate change and the spread of disease? one answer may be found here in the rift valley. home to the hominid ancestors of modern humans. teddy cañon julius, looking for new sites where he can, plant seeds, falls to grow large numbers of new trees are focused with all of the seed of all work that we're doing now is specifically on restoring, degraded areas that are degraded because of human activity. if no one else is going

into a store and replant, where some of those trees have been cut down, their urgency that we're seeing from all of these by products of deforestation dietician, the flood the drought, you know, we wait 50 years for it to solve its own problem that might be too long. today, teddy has been dropping bagfuls of seed balls. the seed is tucked inside a pellet composed of compressed charcoal dust, and some nutrients are often distributed in areas where trees have been cut down, illegally. teddy and his colleagues house entire stock founded the company that makes the seed balls history says, or call their case, your idea, this is the other flavor. are you so parts of amarillo starnes off? the child starts having dolls that yes, this is a stream of sailor fever on the stuff and all over. sadly for it there's a very, very produce very, very excellent quality charcoal. so lots of areas, these are the 1st ones to be removed because it's such

a good fire. but it grows and reaches long distances horizontally before it actually has a mature is then it starts going up there and it did put down this 1st tough spot. january 28th in this is in july 28, seem better than this is it, this is not today. i mean, almost fully grown. the seeds come from kenya's forestry research institute, which buys them from farmers. teddy is proud of the seed balls, unique design. big thing that seed balls kenya is how do you stop those seeds being eaten prematurely by, by birds, by insights? not really our concepts. i think i'd say, how do you got the right type of seeds that i don't have them being eaten by the things you don't want to eat? what's more the pellet prevents? the wind from blowing the seeds around. the balls are made from charcoal, dust,

teddy and else and by the material from people who make charcoal. so they've taken what would seem to be a useless byproduct and turned it into a valuable resource. it's not waste anymore because we buy it. so we have these vendors that fund us up and say ok, we have a lorry load, we go in, we take it for a tonne load, we pay them for it. and then it's made into briquettes. we had binders of water. we have rolling machines that create pillars below big cats, and this is called vendors waste charcoal. it's cheaper to use seed balls to plant new trees than it is to use seedlings. we hope to be able to do that $8000000.00 seed balls plus that we've made so far in the last couple years. i would hope that we would get soon to a point. we were doing that in 2 months. to 20 tries

a new way to plant a seed ball. we returned to the between the forest in uganda, home of the mountain gorillas. this region must not only preserve a safe haven for the gorilla population, should also provide jobs for the people who live there. that's especially true during the pandemic of dr. gladys has found a way to help local coffee farmers earn more for their crops every farm and that we can support. and then it is when this person is so desperate that they have to, into the park to pull it off and disrupt the gorillas and the

people very hungry. and then we started the film to develop a screen seedings for the local community in the us, that they can plant their land into disses. they need to be a community leader brings gladdest to the place where local residents gather to boil water to make it safer. drinking she's going to talk to them about problems such as poverty poaching . so not it diseases, health care and family planning. to get her message across, she uses illustrations that become a beautiful issue of life. they're funny when they have the children, they can manage you know, you're going to look, you know, no one of all of the local families are better off life will improve for the girls we had can do this outbreak in the mountain gorillas and you just link to people living around the park very, to help the gorillas get this cave is when they went outside the park to get

people's banana plants. and they found that you clothing on a scale. and that's how they got it. the baby gorilla got sick and died. and the rest, when he recovered, when he treated them with ivermectin. and this made me realise that we can't protect the gorillas without improving the health of the community living next to them. gladys also explains why the children need a proper education that will help improve their chances for a better life. for them, a couple of them are staying at home so that these on so stayed at home. their job is to chase away gorillas and other wildlife instead of going to school, so they don't have a future. in this laboratory, gladys and one of her colleagues are examining karela, stool samples. this will help to determine the presence of any pathogens and their potential source right now with the presence of the to be picking up from people like stroke, especially when they're in just as a puck,

which they will often do it in the scoop. truth we saw was very close to the age of the boundary, but we also preserving the symbols just for the 90 the pandemic has made more people aware of the potential risks of interaction between animals and humans. here gladys is discussing the situation in a video conference. she says, we all have to do a better job of dealing with these problems. we have to respect nature. we have to spend less time cutting down trees. the more that we are closer and closer to wildlife in ways that we shouldn't deny a chance of getting sooty diseases. and then we also sit a very strong health systems, one health systems that prevents diseases spreading. once they're in one species, going from one species to another. people even called me said in emails, and now we understand what you've been talking about. since the disease is very important, if we are to have a secure future green

lungs that let nature and humans breathe easily in the mega city of mumbai. and now only 13 percent of the city is covered by green space. a japanese method of reforestation ends to change that it can create a way season, biodiversity in just 3 years. and 30 minutes on d. w. is a lonely city, is determined to find her dream. both are in china, the positive critic and none who lived with iran, the only lives they found each other and marriage market for

indian child the patients 75 am what secrets lie behind discover new adventures in 360 degree at explore. more of her to start with, if you don't want to turn to just 360. now this is day to every news and these are our top stories here. struck firm with journalist to apply for emergency authorization off its covert 19 vaccine in both europe and the united states. the company says trial results show the drug is 94 percent effective with no serious safety concerns. it's a 2nd vaccine likely to get the go ahead in the u.s.

this year. officials have upheld joe biden's election victory in the u.s. states of arizona.