for the ages reducing beethoven's 9th symphony for the world starts to simmer, going on, t.w. global economies are bending toward recovery, but not everyone will benefit the same. that's the conclusion of a new report by the o.e.c.d. . we'll hear from the group's chief economist. also on the show, the most innovative car maker in the world meets germany's highly regulated labor system. we'll look at tesla and berlin. hello, and welcome to the show. i'm stephen beardsley in berlin. the global economy is moving toward recovery from the pandemic, but an uneven one. and that's the conclusion of a new report from the organization for economic cooperation and developments. a

number of factors are making the difference, and they include vaccine development, better treatments for covert patients. and an unprecedented level of government and central bank actions to stabilize markets, of course, challenges remain among them a better labor market and difficult bottom lines for corporations and businesses around the world. still, the o.e.c.d. believes that the worst has been avoided and that economies will revive with growing pace. economists, they're predicting global output will reach prepared to make levels by the end of 2021, which rising by over 4 percent of the u.s. and europe will likely see a similar expansion in china. and india, meanwhile, are likely to grow even faster pace in the next 2 years. meanwhile, south africa is likely to see a slower expansion, but with signs still pointing to recovery. now, earlier i spoke to laurence boone,, she's chief economist at the o.e.c.d.,

and i asked her if the worst was over for the world's economies. so we're still in the meat of depending which, as, as many office hours to finish it. but with vaccines inside. as here, we're highlighting this hope far better future. now what police humane is, have to do what we have to do is really to breach the gap between now and the time to as the end of 2021 where the vaccines will have been widely deployed. and there's hope that life can return to something that is small normal you write in this report that within individual economies, not all groups will recover equally. who is at risk of being left behind so that's absolutely right. as, as you know, when there's, you explain it, it's very important. any economic performance of each country depends on the how, how efficient health felicie has been,

and how efficient as well if you kiss the efficacy of the public support the public supposed to be in superglued for helping pheromones for helping. where cares. but there's obviously people who are left behind, such as in the law, qualified people own because they're mostly into the sectors which require contact . there are young people arriving on the labor market. it's super difficult to enter the labor market in the wake of the crises. we saw that in 2010 with the financial crisis. and those who are the children am from deprived neighborhoods we have seen how much of them did not manage to, to keep on with the education system doing confinements a day. we'd be out of work to do to help all those people the where it is in the key needs to get a bit of start once, depending on the wednesday when the week is over. but also throughout this buriat,

you mentioned public support. there that varies between economies, and i'm thinking especially of the u.s. and europe. what's been the biggest difference between those 2 regions during this pandemic? so there's been a number of differences and as you rightly noted, it's mostly in 2021st year up was affected affairs by the virus where we knew very little. and so there was a huge,, a very strict confinement in europe compared with what had been in the u.s., and i think that's the main difference for 2020. some specific states in the u.s. would be different. so that, that's one thing. there is obviously the extent of the do support that i think it has been very large on both sides of the atlantic. that is really helping in the equal fashion. i would say what's happening in europe. however,

the job retentions keven to try the shelf, which comes from germany and the courts by it that has really protected people who, have a job in the u.s., it has been more and sit in. there was huge to pour in the 1st half of this year. the government would checks to people. but nowadays d.c. is very uncertain with a change of government and that is putting some strain on people. so i would say, you know, roughly the economy performance we expect for 21 is about do same, but the way people life exceed is quite different. for lawrence born chief, economist for the o.e.c.d. thank you very much. germany's buy on tech and its u.s. partner, pfizer say that they have filed for european approval of their covert $1000.00 vaccine. and that follows similar steps in the u.s. and britain. companies hope to make their vaccine available by the end of the year

filing came shortly after rival u.s. drug maker. moderna also requested approval of its vaccine. both drugs are said to be around 95 percent effective. we will be in berlin on tuesday to accept a business prize for innovation. his gigafactory is under construction nearby and while highly anticipated it raises questions for germany, including how america's most forward looking car company will get along with the country's highly regulated labor system. a year ago this was all forest. now a huge factory is taking shape and assembly home paint shop and drive unit. tesla intends to start producing electric cars here as early as next summer. tesla boss. musk is now looking for employees. he's been on site himself to hold interviews, going straight from the airport to the construction site. around $8000.00 jobs will need to be filled on tesla's website advertisements look tempting, but musk is not

a fan of germany's powerful unions and rigid labor laws. what do you want? surely gets, and he's been very clear that he does not want, does not want a union. like here in america, my hope is that the laws in germany are better or stronger and will allow for a better relationship between the unions and to keep tesla in check. but this is exactly what metal workers union eeg, a metallic, is insisting on cooperation between company management and employees has a long tradition in germany. union official, bergen is skeptical about tesla's attitude. and you know how gating he and the only law workers in germany have a say in how the company is run. works councils are mandatory here. we have strong laws, protecting workers' rights and health. and we expect that american companies here in germany will respect and dear to these rules that costume crist is

a businessman himself. and he's hoping tesla will become a customer of his. he's also the president of the local chamber of commerce. chris says the wages tesla is offering are about average for the car industry, but there's still a lot for the region likely use these wages to poach workers from existing companies. probably seem tempting to people, but they should be aware. the factory will be running at all hours 7 days a week. and that's not the case at other companies. up to $500000.00 cars could be rolling off the assembly line here every year. that's a demanding pace of production for the factory and unions warn for its employees. and for more, let's bring in conrad who isn't in frankfort, colorado. hello, how much of a shift is this going to be for tesla to adjust the german labor laws? you know, stephen, when tesla opens a new factory in, for example,

the united states or in china, it also has to learn about domestic regulation and laws and it has to apply them. i think there's nothing that cannot be solved. what's probably much more important for tesla is the assets of this investment. one of them is location at this location near berlin. it's very central in europe. and at the same time, all the, you know, infrastructure needed is not far away. like, for example, the large berlin airport talent is a big asset. as you know, stephen berlin is really a hub for the high tech industries. so tesla should be able to find the talent it needs. all that is, is much more important for the success of this factory than the potentially strict and difficult german labor laws. the current on the topic of german workers, new figures today, showing that unemployment the country has gone down. what can you tell us there? well crises, what crises is what i'm at least inclined to ask,

given that the unemployment rate actually went down in november the very month where germany entered another possible lockdown. the explanation for this is short time work schemes because of the consideration of the pandemic being temporary and an extraordinary event. the german state, the taxpayers subsidize it when companies don't lay off people immediately, but keep the contracts intact, then the money or at least 60 percent of the wages are being provided for by the social security system. contribution in frankfurt. thank you. and staying in germany, it's being touted as the largest 3 d. printed residential building in europe. and it's coming together in a small bavarian village became the project a nearly 400 square meter apartment building hastened to the construction industries adoption of 3. d.

printing technology layer by layer. this machine is putting down the concrete walls of what is expected to be europe's largest. 3 d. printed a residential building soon to structure in the very intelligent bolland house and most reach 3 storeys and house 5 apartment commons. if that's, if you can imagine a sort of piping bag like it used to ice the cake which builds up the layers. the 3 d. printer is being guided by a computer which directs the mixing and laying of the concrete. it's much faster and more efficient than human workers. according to the building's contractor form site, it took 25 hours to print the ground floor and that's with 2 people. and comparison usually takes 5 people about 5 days. so when and when to fear from photog, that's good news. he says, because germany is facing a shortage of skilled construction workers. he hopes this technology might help to

change that by attracting a new set of workers to the end of story. moment on oprah leaving hop at the moment, we're having problems getting young people and dues to about training and construction. we want to turn that around with this 3 d. project and say, hey, we're making working in construction sexy again wolf. we do need to succeed. but it won't solve all the construction industries woes. just like with normal building sites cold winter weather could soon be shutting this 3 d. printer down. that's it for me and the business team here, but let's watch it. the

fight against the corona virus tend to have much as the rate of infection been developing. what does the latest research say? information and context around a virus update. on t w how does a virus spread through the text and is called spectrum if you would like any

information on the clone of virus or any other science topic. you should check out our podcast. you can also find us and science homeless during a demick in the french capital, paris, health care workers deliver a mosque family ties or, and food to rough sleepers. in rome, volunteers conduct temperature checks to test for a fever. it seems like these are playing at all over the world, whether living on the streets or in close knit communal shelters. homeless people

are especially vulnerable to covert 19 as cold weather bites in some parts of the world. they face a double thrash. many homeless people are older and have underlying medical conditions which leave them out of increased risk for severe illness, homelessness, organizations say social distancing, and hygiene measures are all, all but impossible to maintain. this is the w.'s covert 900 special. i'm kate ferguson. thanks for joining me. an estimated 150000000 people around the world don't have a home, lack of affordable accommodation unemployment, a family breakdown and addiction are some of the major causes. now, during the pandemic, homeless people have been pushed into a more precarious situation than ever. and our next report will meet lukey, a homeless man in the german city of cologne. business used to be better

every day and hopes for the goodwill of the passers by. but since start of the pandemic, the tourist crowds have dissipated, and most of the people keep their distance. there are fewer people around and fewer people who approach me because they're scared of corona, i guess because i'm homeless, live on the street. on good days, nuki used to make up to 30 euros in 3 hours enough to feed himself and his dogs. but in recent months, he's had to sit here for an entire day. look, he spent his night on the bridge. he's 35 and came to germany from slovakia to find work. he's been homeless on and off for the past 5 years. he lost his last home in august because his landlord didn't allow dogs when their mother, if i always have the dogs with me. when i look for work,

i'm players want to see where i'm registered, or without a home. i have no registered address without an address. i can't get a job without a job. i can't get a flat and money. a vicious circle at least twice a day. look, he makes a stop at the cliff at a cafe for homeless people and central station he comes here to eat, shower and charges phone. but even here things have changed. only 8 people are nowadays allowed to sit in the cafe before corona, the host of 30 to 40 people at once. for many, here, this place is a lifeline. and despite the new lockdown measures it's allowed to stay open. that's one of the main problems for homeless people, which will probably get even worse during the winter months, is that there are fewer day shelters and indoor spaces for them to spend time in. and we're not the only institution which is have to restrict its numbers. others

have also been affected. sleeping rough through the winter will definitely be challenging for the key. and he's also worried about corona, especially because he can do so little to protect himself, miserable because i want to stay healthy and are trying to be careful. but how can i take all the necessary precautions when i live on the street? i'm always in town with my dogs. i meet other homeless people. i can always get infected, and i'm always at more risk than other people. i roof over his head. that's in the keys, biggest wish during the current crisis. then he can look for a job again and no longer have to rely on help from others. for more and if they see, let's talk to fake spain event. director of the european federation of a national organizations working with the homeless. mr. speight event. welcome. what do we know about how the homeless community is experiencing this pandemic?

well, i think it's important to note that most homeless people are homeless, people in general are more vulnerable to 19, then the general population, basically for one reason is because they have often beat existing health conditions that make them more vulnerable. and also because their situation, the situation they leaf in make them more than the like most homeless people live in shelters. i don't have to explain to you without following the guidelines imposed by the government, such as staying at home. playing social distancing is extremely difficult when you're in a shelter. so i think the homeless population is really move on the order groups of society for the problem. and with all those factors in mind, what can you tell us about covert 1000 rates among the homeless? are they getting access to testing and treatment? well, in the release, it's difficult to see because that is very few countries are actually quite addict

. they thought the infections amongst the homeless people, but what we know is that, that he's a bit of a difference between the 1st wave in the 2nd wave that we're currently experiencing . in the 1st wave, the equus we get from the homeless shelters is that the half be able to be dissipated, of the disease in the homeless, shut the system. now in the 2nd wave, that seems to be different be here from countries like france, for instance, where a study was getting out of the shelter system in bodies in the bodies legion. and they found that in all the shelters that they investigated, the over 50 percent of the book relation who is actually infected by $1000.00. so we think it took a little bit of fine for the vita's to end that into the shelter system into shelters. but that is currently the case in quite

a few countries and when the fight is these circulating in the shelter system, it's but it's very quickly because so many people live together. there are many shelters are overcrowded and said what our government's doing to protect the whole method. if i think i did any best practice is that you know a lot well, governments are many governments are doing things, certainly emergency measures. it has been quite remarkable how quickly many governments have been able to get people homeless people, you could say off the streets as a public had measure. they were new shut, the banks were created as were used to accommodate homeless people. then put a leaf even some countries used a b. and b. flats to find accommodation for homeless people on the sea. so as, as emergency response, many countries did actually quite well. if i can give you one example of

a concealed a seat on the particular, well it is dublin not really a house managed to keep the infection rates, anybody, anybody who was so that's one thing in terms of the long term solutions. it's only a few countries that actually use the 1000 pounds they make to change the way they dress. fulness is because it's obvious that a show that is not a solution to homelessness. homeless people meet housing, often with supports. housing is important, but it is some countries that use the 1000 pound dimmick as a lever to actually change the way the address homelessness. and the netherlands would be a good example. the government there has just decided to invest 15000000 euro in housing solutions for homeless people in order to get as groups they seem to use the abundant make to say what, ok, we can not, we have to go beyond the emergency response and actually think providing sustainable hosing solutions,

we support if necessary for homeless people. and you think that anything we can learn from the fund and make that might actually help tackle home if in the future? well, what we've learned is that it is over, but it is important. it is, the housing is the best protection against good 19 and instead any damage and actually against orders or vision for the health problem. so putting people into shelters as an emergency measure is fine. it's probably progress, but it's not a safe place for homeless people to be. so you actually need housing. housing is the best for the kitchen against a pandemic. and i hope that that will sink in with, with the governments with the decision makers, not in the future. they will put more emphasis on the people homeless people as quickly as possible to housing and provide the support necessary housing is probably one of the most stark, the social determinants of health. and i think that has now become quite of this friction event from the european federation of national organizations working with

the whole mess. thank you so much. thank you. daryn time nightgowns or one of your questions over to our science correspondent, derrick williams. how long does it typically take in europe to approve a vaccine after phase 3, trial results are published under ordinary circumstances, not in the midst of a public health emergency. the scientific evaluation carried out after phase 3 trials by the e. m. a. the european medicines agency, it takes time developers 1st, have to submit testing data, and what's called a marketing authorization application that governs general approvals for medicinal products. throughout the e.u. . a board at the agency called the committee for medicinal products for human use is required to submit a scientific verdict on the application within $210.00 days. it then passes that

opinion on to the european commission, which makes a decision on whether or not to grant an approval within $67.00 more days. so all in all the process can take between 9 and 10 months. but that's under ordinary circumstances. in the midst of this pandemic, the e m a has set up a special task force to help fast track covert 19 treatments and therapies. it allows for accelerated action in a number of ways for vaccines. a key change is that developers don't have to wait until all of their data is final, before submitting it for approval, but have been able to submit it instead in batches while the trials are still ongoing. a process called a rolling review. so in the end, the formal assessment will take much less time for covert $1000.00 vaccines that have proven safe and effective in trials because the e m

a has cleared the way for what's called a condition marketing authorisation. you can submit your questions for derek via our huge of channel for all the nations on the pandemic. go to g.w. dot com slash kovac 19 until next time. for me, it's back to take and pick

up the lead in a stunning upset for dogleg to be coming into a position in the bundesliga and turbulent toxic shock of the commands at the bottom of the take after another stinging defeat to the lead in

the 19th pandemic has been linked to the destruction of habitats and wildlife. now, the virus threatens to return to the wild, my human transmission, posing a danger to all. how can this vicious circle be stopped? projects in africa give cause for optimism, but also show what problems exist from coated to climate. can africa's forests help save the world close up and spawn d.w. . many polish muslims must turn out in the morning right now. climate change to fend off the story. faces lifelessly waistline just one week. how much work really do? we still have time to ask. i'm going to

success that subscribes like this. from the ghetto to harlem and everyone going to knows probably why. despite coming from a coup family, the pop star wants to become president of the challenges of god, this elite audience. credible story of foggy morning starts december 10th on the w. .

this is the w. news live from berlin. another boost to european hopes for a covert vaccine before the end of the year. drug makers, pfizer, and the german part of biotech follow in madonna's footsteps and asked europe for a fast track. go ahead. also on the program, a warning on world aids day, almost 40000000, people are living with a tribe. but experts say progress against the aids pandemic could be undone by the coronavirus. thousands of farmers blocked roads leading into the indian campus.