what ever you are running w. this is coming up today against the opera testing new agricultural rolls. they say when the government says they are misinformed, explain to the chinese and

i'm british by the day. welcome to news asia. glad you could join us. he highways leading to the indian capital of delhi, blocked as thousands of farmers protest against new agricultural laws passed by. the government. farmers are demanding a rollback of the laws. claim me, they removed a government assured grain purchase scheme that acted as a safety net for them. the government has assured the scheme will continue, but farmers convinced these $20000.00 farmers aren't going anywhere. their trucks and tractors are blocking the major highways near india's capital. each one of our tractors is loaded with rations up to 4 months. until the time the government reverses these new

agricultural laws, none of us will go back to the farmer's field. their livelihoods are threatened. they fear that the government will stop buying grain at guarantee prices. the worry is that this could leave them at the mercy of corporations who won't pay enough for their crops. prime minister, narendra modi is trying to placate the group, he says the growers are being misled and the new laws will benefit them. what's your book and i want to tell the citizens and farmers from the banks of the river ganges marking, and the holy city of our narcy that we are working with intentions, which are pure as the water of the river ganges. and without any purpose of betrayal, modi's government says the laws give farmers the freedom to sell their crops to

private buyers rather than through the state. but the farmers remain unconvinced. any of how we have always suspected the government's intentions and always will because the government has become a slave of the corporations. they want to turn us into their slaves as well. the farmers protests have been going on for months since parliament passed the new laws in september, but they've intensified in recent days. when thousands of farmers clashed with police security forces used tear gas and water cannons to prevent protesters from entering delhi. they were stopped just outside the city, but they're now determined to camp out for the long haul to spawn a miniature address for joining me from delhi with more memory. sure, the prime minister has repeatedly said the farmers have nothing to worry about. why aren't pharmacy convinced mobilizations trudeau the prime minister as well as the

government has repeatedly emphasized that any concerns that farmers may have either side of the opposition parties eating them these dollars which evolution and that only what insurers and allow them to access competitive pricing from private organizations that they haven't been able to do so, yet these laws are true. should policy show that it's central to the concerns, all of the farmers, which is the minimums of what price, whatever, speak, the m.s.b., you basically a gad, d.b. is great for some of the major crops across india and farmers gann access these prices at the local state designate don't monday use of markets for these crops. so i would, these laws now allow clubbers don't send, operates as well. farmers by the, that high prices will your them in the beginning up to the stars at all. but eventually, the government will have views and do a good job on their commitment to the madame's, what price?

even farmers in the looks of the government is also saying that india's farming sector needs reform and that these new laws do that. why is this proving so controversial? bendish again, it's about pricing in the earning branches off. for example, $1.00 of the things that these laws do is that there are a lot of promise to send out site over the phone. then you noticed market which has been the silk part, so they can actually go into other markets as well. and it will do great players. they can with corporates and ask for the most competitive price for their crops. and the price of the price across have been a $1.00 jealousy for many of us. a lot of our members who have been demanding that the government was more than around this. however, the farmers bring back the attention once again, the minimum support breaks, the law does not say that the government will jimmy commit to do it. in addition, farmers up believe that they were not consulted before these laws were passed. and

then add to this the fact that there is a suspicion that this government, what skills even corporate and feeble corporate. this is added fuel to the fire when farmers beauty's a lot, and they demand that they must be completely reback to relieve them of the timing. but thank you so much for that michel. that's why i live in delhi. one of my favorite for men to dishes is now at the center of a spat between south korea and china. the row over this kimchi and whether it is chinese or korean kimchi. according to the un is the korean neighbor preserved vegetables, seasoned with spices, and fermented seafood cabbage being one of the most common versions. but chinese state run newspaper global times claimed that china had received an international certification for kimchi, but what it had received was one for pout,

chinese style salted for many vegetables. the chinese claim over kimchi didn't go down well in south korea, from to even the agriculture ministry. to issue a clarification, that kimchi shouldn't be confused with if the saying holds true that you are what you eat, then koreans are kimchi, 95 percent of them eat the spicy, pickled cabbage every day. that's $2000000.00 tons annually. even its preparation is a celebrated ritual. so reports that china had secured international certification for a comparable product. was something many koreans found hard to digest. so i'm going to take my regular media story that china now says kimchee is theirs, and that they're making an international standard for it. it's absurd. i'm worried that they might steal other cultural goods, not just can go to a similar chinese pickle called,

was recently certified by the international organization for standardization or iowa. so which pointed out the standard does not apply to kimchee. but china's state run global times devoured the news, hailing the new standard for the quote kimchi industry led by china. caught by surprise, china's foreign ministry recognized the pecan situation and called for more diplomacy. you know, if you don't, you know, is there an argument about this? i'm not aware of this. i think there has been some disagreement on line. yes. is that right? question. maybe we should go and ask our colleagues in the south korean embassy about where's the argument? i think we should have more cooperation and sharing the perceived cultural and

called unary appropriation also has some koreans asking who's to blame. you know, i don't think that korea is handling the situation that well, it's important to make our own food appealing to people around the world. that if we don't do that, that's our problem, not china. the kimchi clash may be cooling down, but it's still packed with emotion. so lots to digest on the plate. let's bring in dr. saud jane name. she's a senior lecturer, lecturer at the university of central lancashire, dr. name. why are south koreans taking this too hot? the theory is that the kids here is something like a cultural thing rather than just a food in korea. so in korea, for example, we don't have served up to meals like by my walk or to be have all of food at the same time. on the one table we decided to share his and ginger is the main side

dish, and is there always and for example, you know, for myself, i eat kimchi every day and i can't even think about what i can't have. and if i can't have, can see for, for example, for like a week, then i feel like i'm really missing him. so it is something imbedded in our lives, in korea and you know, it has a history and we'd just not talk about kimchi, pretty much and in no, even before winter time, every single family. you know, we need to make a kimchi, we have this process and have kind of traditional to make him. but, you know, when you're in, you think about, for example, and he tell you know, the pasta and the leaves are there. but you know, if other countries claim that this is their own once, then that would be really disturbing. this is kind of flat to china. this time claims that the areas the international are stand are, or is asia and gave them the as i speak,

asia about chinese kimchi so-called from china's side, which is a power that is a p could topple whether they can see can just like affirmative has to go so that is why it's so bothering for south koreans to call. he could do well as a kimchi, which is really different from his self. what do you see is the reason behind the serb chinese, a time, in a sense to claim came true. as of their own, he looks like chinese do not claim to as is all like that, but chinese by having a certification for their pouch i. they included exchange as a part of this series of different of as topples you know way. and also this is as i see, is a part of the cultural diplomacy and to having all this food in the region as a part of chinese, whatever origin of, than that kind of makes their way to go beyond their country self. so that

is why the korean government is so much allergies as well about that. do you see that this is a feud over food will continue for in the near future? is nothing new? for example, like 1000 years ago, some of those i remember correctly. we already had the similar kind of dispute before as well. so the chinese food and korean food we have similar to ours and the difference is book in jesus so unique for, for our culture and society. so we already had this kind of dispute before, but now the korean government does not consider it as a kimchi, an indian chinese pouch, right. dr. lim, pleasure talking to you about kimchee instead of north korean nuclear policy that we normally discuss. but there are much and that's

it, but today there's one i work. so i did have a dog call votes, last asia, we leave it all with images of china's top wingsuit athlete juncture bang. taking a jump from china mountain in said china. we'll see you tomorrow. for the fight against the coronavirus pandemic has the rate of infection been developing. what does the latest research say? information and contacts the coronavirus update on t w it is for me. is for this for

beethoven is for beethoven is for beethoven 2020. 5th anniversary here on aids day this year finds us deep in the throes of another. pandemic, tobit 19. the highly infectious novel coronavirus has swept across the world. devastating health systems and causing economic turmoil. not since the h.i.v. aids pandemic of the 1990 s. have countries face such a common health threat around 33000000. people worldwide have died from aids

related illnesses in the last 40 years. it's taken expertise, collaboration, and dedication from all levels of society to track understand treece and prevents the illness. although aids side of the aids haase and being eradicated, the global response is an example of what can be achieved when countries and people work together. this is 1000 special. i'm kate ferguson. thanks for joining me. once upon a time and hiv diagnosis was seen as a death sentence. those days are now gone with advances in treatment, allowing people to live long lives. but challenges do remain, especially in a global pandemic. that's seen the supply of hiv drugs in some parts of the world severely disrupted around the world. there are some 38000000 people living with

hiv. last year alone, some 1700000, new infections were recorded, and 690000 people lost their lives to the disease. people living with hiv are especially vulnerable in sharing this pandemic. for one, they're more at risk of falling fairly ill with covert 19, but perhaps even more crucially, as the coronavirus shot economies down many fell for as have not been able to access medication. you say it's a very welcome arrival. employees of the north star alliance delivered hiv drugs to their god while a settlement west of johannesburg the risk of becoming seriously or even fake li, ill with covert, 19, is twice as high for hiv positive people. many are avoiding overcrowded hospitals for fear of infection, and however, interrupting treatment can have serious consequences. un aids expects up 214-8000

additional hiv deaths related to the coronavirus pandemic by 2022. especially in poor regions of the greatest number of people with hiv live in africa. more than $25000000.00 in sub-saharan africa. twice the rest of the world put together is a single mother of 4 children in johannesburg. her clinic ran out of drugs during the hard lockdown in the spring. on top of this, the 47 year old lost her job for 2 months she had to do without half the medicine she needs. she's now receiving support from a christian aid organization. north star alliance is trying to get close to the needs of the most vulnerable people using mobile clinics . this kind of assistance helps save many lives, but the world health organization says more is needed more financial aid. but also

the commitment that the battle against hiv aids is fought with the same determination as the fight against the coronavirus pandemic. let's speak to professor he again, locks or president of the european aids clinical society. he's joining us today from bonn. professor locke's whole welcome along. how disruptive has the cove in 1000 pandemic being for people living with hiv aids? yes, i think it's very different from country to country that in surveys in various parts of europe to just get at least 50 percent of the physicians are involved. majorly care also managed to cope with patients. so obviously they have 2 diseases to serve in a such to happen disruptions in our own clinic. we closed the clinic for 2 months in april and may and just sent out prescriptions. i think the biggest challenge has been for testing services because of the issue. you can't go and have contact other

people until the locked on a lot of people were not able to assess the usual testing frequency. and that's one of the big worries around missing it. should be diagnosed because people do not go to the adequate testing services and how dangerous is covert 1000 itself for hiv patients. so that has been an ongoing discussion because obviously people with h.l.v. have often meant efficiency depending on their level of c. 4 count. and as such, may be at an increased risk for any kind of infection. and so there was some worry that they may have a different course of disease. the 1st case reports though, from north america, china and europe suggest that the really the outcome was very similar to doesn't really look as if the mortality was enhanced or increased. there has been a more recent, larger cohort novices, and i think that's one of the issues. if you only look at small patient numbers, you may miss something because the patients average were much younger than some of the patients who had a more unfavorable cs outcome. and in africa there was

a 2.6 fold higher mortality. there also has been a fireman toddy report for each of the patients from the u.k. to around $1.00 hold higher. so i think in summary, looks as if in general it's pretty much the same outcome. but if you have a low c. for cumple 0200 in your severely new compromise, i think that's where you may have more increased risk. but overall mortality is low and i can say from my own clinic, we've seen 10 patients with code 19 in h.a.e. . and none of them was admit intensive care. none of them died. so i think in general, in the younger patient population, not so or some, but if you are older with coma abilities and as a nature be patient, you have a higher risk for come of it in these. then i think there is a somewhat increased risk. ok, now a very close to have a vaccine against kovac 19 why if they still no vaccine against h i yes sir. 2020 was unfortunately your were

a vaccine which had showed some promise in the tide vaccine trial where there was a 33 percent reduction in new infections. and now this improved vaccine was tested in south africa, not fortunately the trial will stop because of lack of sleep. and i think the reasons is that they should be employed technology and the virus is costly changing that shield to protect itself. and these changes sort of aids vaccine attempts. so it's not so easy to target. the that's little different than some of the other viruses have. let's west changes surface so, you know, the united nations has set itself the goal of ending the aids epidemic by 2030 day . you think that's realistic? well, you know, on a more positive side,, if you look at some of the recent numbers from the u.k., you can see that actually they're very close to ending the epidemic because they have more than 95 percent of their patients are diagnosed to have a chevy at least in the london region, they have more than 95 percent on treatment and they have more than 95 percent.

rarely are logically suppressed, so they're doing very well and the new numbers are falling really quite dramatically. and it's really great to see that with the tools we have to end the epidemic if you can use them, that's all working very well. but if you turn your eyes a little bit to the east and you move to russia for example, which obviously has a much higher patient bird with over 800000 infected individuals. and only probably around 55 percent receiving after all therapy. there remains a large pool of people who are either not diagnosed or replicating, can a such infect other patients. so the question is how can we get all these tools we have implemented everywhere in the world? and obviously also now in the covert epidemic where there is suddenly a struggle for resources from one side to the other. positions are engaged in services for 2 disease at the same time. disruption of services on many different layers. stock out of air be happening in many african countries. will obviously put

a big hazard to the goals which have been set up and the accomplishments. although theoretically at least they're good examples. going to practice, were these cool, seem reachable felpham hope that you're going on to a president of the airplane, a chemical society. thank you very much. as your time now to answer one here. question for that code 1000 over 2. i find correspondence, dec 25th what makes ours kovi? 2 different from the sars virus. is it the same pathogen just stronger? no, although this common question shows how much power there is in the name, the international body that's responsible for naming newly discovered viruses decided to call the one that causes covert 19 sars cove 2 because it's fairly closely related to the one that caused the respiratory disease sars back in the

early 2000. but although there are similarities and some of the symptoms that the 2 pathogens cause, they're not the same. and sars could have 2 did not arise from the virus that causes sars and genetic analysis has placed both in a group of what are called, lineage, be better coronaviruses, which also includes a number of other coronaviruses that are found in bats. a major characteristic that better coronaviruses share is that they infect mammals, which means they exploit the similarities that all mammal cells have in common 2 to invade them and make more copies of virus. and sometimes they jump from species to species 3 better coronaviruses that have jumped to humans to cause recent outbreak . so the pathogens that are responsible for sars and murders and covert 19, they've all caused respiratory symptoms and fevers. but in other ways,

like the timing of the disease that they induce and, and it's overall lethality that differs widely. sars was much more deadly than cope with 19 for example. but, but because people who got it only began infecting others after they started showing symptoms themselves, it could be contained more easily. sars co 2 is not stronger than the virus that caused sars and it's not the same. it's just a cousin that's turned out to be a lot better at spreading in human populations. and though it can also be deadly. if you catch it coded 19 is actually a lot less likely to kill you than sars was. and finally, they kobo that covert warrior is in india's capital. in delhi civic authorities are donning colorful helmets, depicting the coronavirus to spread awareness on what precautions people need to

take. they go through market areas unfair affairs, posting flyers and education people on what to do. authorities in delhi have also put drupal into fined for not wearing enough and that's all from us for all the nations on the pandemic. check out our website utopia dot com slash comit 19 until next time for me on the team. if i take a stunning

upset or even fail to be clear on the position in the bundesliga turbulent top, social club or means at the bottom of the table for a 1st sting to see glad to see you. how does a virus spread? why do we panic? and when we'll all just through the tough and weekly radio show is called spectrum. if you would like a movie information on the crawl of virus or any other science topic, you should really check out our podcast so you can get your part cast. you can also find us at w dot com slash science

in the art of climate change. there. so much mystery. what do you think of the future of g.w. dot com. you can make a suit against the media. click culture. and you may know, yes, yes, we got new in her last years. german chancellor, we'll bring you. i'm going to a man call as you've never had have before surprised yourself with what is possible . who is medical really, what moves her and what also about who you talk to people who follows her along the way, admirers and critics alike. how is the world's most powerful woman shaping her legacy? joining us from eccles last hour. but i'm

wondering if you know, i mean in your minutes i'm going yes, we're going to syndicate media us all up with all about our vision of getting it on when it. 'd this, you know, i mean in your mind, noticing what an uppercase one among women out is what employers want to me to do. but i'm with what an organized you don't know what is it sort of this, you know, i mean you're minorities from growing your magick and what are you guys? i don't want to be number and you know, invent the show could oh, it's a secret. yes. it's a question, i cannot only say it, but i thought of going on with the game fun to point to point to conceive kids as if to say i said

the but because you don't use life from berlin. good news for europe's vaccine hopes, drugmakers pfizer and german partners beyond tech follow in the dearness footsteps, asking e.u. regulators for a fast track. go ahead. also coming up a warning on world aids day. almost 40000000 people are living with hiv, but good progress against the aids pandemic can be undone by the government of iris .

it's a pleasure to have you with us at this hour while we have news. it's a start with a tight race to launch, not just one, but 2 covert $1000.00 vaccines in europe. u.s. drugmaker, pfizer and its german partner beyond tech have submitted their over x.e. for emergency approval by the european medicines agency. all authorities there now are saying they'll decide on their application by december 29th. all that puts pfizer and be on track ahead arrival margarita, which is also seeking approval of its vaccine in both europe and the united states . finding effective vaccines is a crucial part of tackling the coronavirus pandemic. madonna and pfizer biotech have now both applied for emergency approval. magana holds its vaccine, could get the green light by christmas. you end the year. yes. or advisory meeting

is likely to be on december 17th. if you hire people siebold that between the 17 and christmas, you know, the product is approved. if the u.s. food and drug administration gives the go ahead, inoculations could start within hours of them led by the u.s. vaccination logistics chief general good staff, panna seems to me don't those. he's a baby on the way. yeah. so as soon as we get approval or urge arcana and he's teams are going to get hold of a vaccine, we have and start shipping it in the conference is going to vaccinate americans within 24 hours on the pro or the company hopes its latest trial results. will lead to speedy approval in other countries too. in trials of the vaccine with more than 30000 people, only 30 participants became seriously ill. all of them had been given placebo shots . this makes the vaccine 100 percent effective against severe cases of covert. 19 reported side effects include pain at the point of injection chills and fever.

these symptoms usually resolve within one or 2 days. you know, on a personal level, when we saw the 1st interim results, i think we were all really, really relieved and enthusiastic. i can tell you when i saw the final results last night, they came in a little bit earlier than that. we had planned for i love myself to cry for the 1st hour. the company says it will keep monitoring to check for any further side effects. well, let's get you more on this now. a kike! a freshman is a science journalist, and molecular biologist, a good to have you with us. what do you think these vaccines will be granted approval? well, it depends on the jurisdiction of course. so the u.s. seems to be a little bit ahead. they have the pfizer one scheduled for the 10th and then 10th of december. and then they've scheduled the moderna, the meeting on that for the 17th. so it looks like they could be, you know,

get the, go ahead basically a day after these meetings. and then in europe, it's a little bit behind. so there was a meeting probably until the 29th of december and another one in early january for the maternal vaccine. so basically towards the end of the year or early next year, i think we'll probably see the greenlight both in the u.s. and in europe. and then other jurisdictions around the world will probably follow that. and give us a sense of the timeline here. when can we expect vaccinations to start to after approval has been granted? well i think literally the vaccinations will start, you know, within hours or within a day in the u.s. . some of the vaccine has already been distributed to 2 different sites. so the idea is that the moment that the green light is given, next nations could be ready to start. of course, in europe, you know, different countries maybe might be on a slightly different schedule in terms of how, how ready they are to start vaccinations immediately. but certainly the idea is once the ones, i mean,

the vaccine that is there should be used immediately once once the green light is given. how much a safety data is there, a veil, a ball off, for instance, the murdered vaccine, and the other vaccines that are up for approval. i think this has caused a lot of confusion. so let's maybe pick this apart. i mean, there's something generally to be said about vaccines and that is, you know, no matter what the vaccine you can't really rule out. very rare side effects of something only happens in say, you know, one in a 1000000 people. it's very hard to find that in studies, you know, that maybe take 50000 participants or 100000. so, so that's something that's always the case with vaccines. it will be the same here . but having said that, these 2 vaccines are special that m.r. natick scenes, which basically means you're injecting a tiny bit of genetic information into the body and that our cells produce a fragment of the virus which the immune system can then react to. and we don't have any of any such vaccines that have been licensed before. so there's reason to

look very closely. but you also have to realize that these trials that have been done are very, very big in the past. vaccines have been licensed with, you know, a few 1000 participants. sometimes here we have 30000 participants in the dare not trial. we have $45000.00, i think, in the phase of my own tech trial. so there is a decent amount of safety data there. and what you're usually looking for is any adverse events that would happen almost immediately after you get the vaccine. so the timing also doesn't play such a big role. and the 1st people were vaccinated in back in march. so there's a, there's a good amount of, of safety data, and maybe one last point there is, you know, these vaccines, the genetic information that you inject, the body basically starts degrading it very fast. so nothing remains. and that also means that the mechanism is something that, that makes me feel a little bit better about the safety aspect, and that these are, in our last remaining moments. these are

a huge medical breakthroughs that we are witnessing unfold during this covert pandemic. i mean, what does this mean going forward are, is this a tipping point? i think it is. i think that we will not see vaccines, you know, vaccine development be the same after this. and i also want to point out a lot of the researchers that i talk to, you know, they see this is amazing. we've done in 11 months what usually takes 10 years now let's do it in 3 months. i mean, there are people who really feel we need to be, you know, if this was an even deadlier disease, this would have been too long. so there's still, you know, we're improvement but it's absolutely a story gets even, i think caica, fishnets, science journalist and molecular biologist. thank you for joining us. and now we want to bring you now some breaking news from the german city of tyr, where we're getting reports that 2 people have been killed and several are injured by a variable that drove into a pedestrian zone. police are at the scene,

attending to the situation and have asked people to avoid the area all together. all right, let's get you the latest now on this breaking story from nina hasa and you know, what more have you learned? that's precisely the information that we have following the police of clear on twitter and they're publishing regular information at 1st. they said there were reports of several injured people. and now just a couple of minutes ago, they confirmed that there are indeed 2 people who have died when this car raced through the pedestrian zone in central korea and that several people injured. they also said that they detained a driver and that they also got hold of the vehicle that was used. as you said, the entire area is cordoned off and the official disaster assistance agency here in germany has also issued a public statement warning of going into central tokyo. ok. so as you're reporting,

we understand one person has been arrested in connection with this. so can you tell us more about that? that seems to be the driver who has been arrested, but we don't know anything about the details where he's from. what could have motivated him if that was indeed a motivated act that he committed or whether there were other reasons why this car just raced through the pedestrian area. fast videos are emerging from the scene, but of course i'm reporting from berlin, so i'm not on the ground. and i have to rely on police information from who are saying that all the efforts that they have all the and it is now going into looking after the injured people. but that they will publish more information as they have it. reporting. thank you so much for viewers. just joining us, breaking news from the german city of tyr, where we've been getting reports that 2 people have been killed and several injured by a vehicle that drove into

a pedestrian zone will get you more as details come in, but for now. thank you so much and you know, want to turn our attention now to other stories making headlines around the world and deforestation in brazil's amazon forest has surged to its highest level in 12 years, according to official figures. all the national research agency says destruction has risen sharply under right wing populist president j. airable, so narrow on this year alone. a area of 7 times the size of london has been stripped . bare officials in the u.s. have upheld joe biden's election victory in the states of arizona, and wisconsin biden won arizona of by 10000 votes despite the trump campaign, appealing against the results separately in a key appointments. biden, president elect joe biden, has named former federal reserve chief janet yellen as his choice for treasury secretary. a landmark paris bookstore is calling for crisis help shakespearean

company as a magnet for tourists. and parisian xah, like the shop's turnover, has fallen by 80 percent. since the pandemic began, but orders have flooded instance staff alerted, social media of its plight. covert 19 has dominated the headlines this year, but there is another pandemic that still affects and kills millions of people around the world. united nations figures now so that 38000000 people were living with hiv last year, really 700000 died, but prevention and treatment measures saar, showing promise in the last decade, the number of new infections has decreased as you can see here, right behind me. and so has the number of deaths caused by aids, a few factors related to the immune deficiency syndrome. yet experts predict that trend will reverse this year because of the covert $1000.00 pandemic, lockdowns causing a shortage of hiv medication. as estimate that there could be an additional $1.00

deaths caused by hiv and south africa, one in 5 people has hiv. a new drug is raising hopes. now for more effective prevention. as our correspondent, if you increase reports from kentucky, cape town, almost 2 decades, the nonprofit organization hope has been an important point of contact for those living with hiv, like she in the cape town, township of guilt. to 2 years ago, luis morris worked in the textile for, but then her life took a difficult turn, and accident left her unable to work out the whole problems followed. and then she became infected with hiv. but when my, my family didn't want to have anything to do with me after my h. i.v. diagnosis, they cut off contact. and even now if my neighbors knew that i have a hiv, they would only say hi from a distance. they wouldn't invite me to their homes. it means i also keep my

distance is not easy. hiv positive, you have to somehow accept that people behave in a certain way towards you. find it sad. dr. hughes on rainy could, is used to hearing similar stories. at least half of the community has a family member that somebody that they know that they can be positive, but it's but it's so common here. but people don't speak about it. they people are basically not open about it. they might speak to us about it and i might speak to the service providers about it, but they will, they finitely not speak. they're not open about the status. they worried about discrimination. although stigma is still a massive problem in many communities, south africa has made mess of progress in the fight against hiv aids. over the past years, most people, the vast majority of those living with hiv, know their status and are on medication. and just recently,

researchers announced possibly for the good news. the preventative drug prep has been available for several years around 90000, south africans protect themselves against hiv infection by taking a daily tablet. now a study into a similar preventative drug that needs to only be injected every 8 weeks, has found it to be even more efficient. women particularly have challenges with taking a pill a day, issues of their habits of taking a pill, but also people experience a lot of social pressures. so women are judged as living with hiv. if they're taking pills that look like antiretrovirals, they may have judgments about their sexual activity and partners may feel that they are wanting to be unfaithful. so there are many barriers to taking a pill a day. and what the injections were able to do is overcome some of those challenges by being discreet and convenient. independent researchers also see the injection as

an important development, but further research is necessary to find other options to prevent hiv in women. young women are the hardest hit group in south africa, and we'd like to harden some highly you know, so many jews there hopefully in cape town also believes the injection could be a great help, but it may not be available for a number of years in the meantime, more argent issues remain due to the cover dependent make fewer hiv patients are going to kleenex. as a result, the number of new infections, a new born says on the rise, a worrying trend, after all the hard work to stop the spread of the virus. all right, i'd like to welcome now where from the university of bonn, professor drake streak, he is an epidemiologist and.