extra terrestrials let's just say it's been taken by and on known potty. you're watching did i mean yes i wanted it so much for. the fight against the corona virus pandemic. has the rate of infection been developing what does the latest research say. information and context the coronavirus update 19 special. on t w. n u you may know yes yes we're going to do in her last years german chancellor will bring you back or as you've never heard her before the surprise yourself with what

is possible who is medical really what and. also who talked to people who followed her along the way admirers and critics alike how is the world's most powerful woman shaping her legacy joining us from eccles law stops a. world aids day this year finds us deep in the throes of another pandemic tobit 19. the highly infectious novel coronavirus have swept across the world devastating health systems and causing economic turmoil. not since the h.i.v. aids pandemic of the 1990 s. have countries faced such a common health threat around 30. 3000000 people worldwide have died from aids

related illnesses in the last 40 years. it's taken expertise collaboration and dedication from all levels of society to try to understand treece and prevents the illness. and been eradicated the global response is an example of what can be achieved when countries people work together. this is 1000 special i'm kate ferguson thanks for joining me once upon a time and hiv diagnosis was seen as a death sentence those days are now gone with advances in treatment allowing people to live long lives but challenges do remain especially in a global pandemic that's seen the supply of hiv drugs in some parts of the world severely disrupted around the world there are some 38000000 people living with

hiv last year alone 1700000 new infections were recorded and 690000 people lost their lives to the disease people living with hiv are especially vulnerable during this pandemic for one they're more at risk. with covert 19 but perhaps even more crucially as the coronavirus economy is down many sufferers have not been able to access medication. it's a very welcome arrival employees of the north star alliance deliver a charge the drugs to the gold while the settlement west of johannesburg. the risk of becoming seriously or even faintly ill with covert 19 is twice as high for hiv positive people. many are avoiding overcrowded hospitals for fear of infection and however interrupting treatment can have serious consequences un aids expects up

214-8000 additional hiv deaths related to the coronavirus pandemic by 2022 especially in poor regions. of. the greatest number of people with hiv live in africa more than 25000000 in sub-saharan africa twice the rest of the world put together. is a single mother of 4 children in johannesburg her clinic ran out of drugs during the hard lockdown in the spring on top of this the 47 year old lost her job for 2 months she had to do without half the medicine she needs she's now receiving support from a christian aid organization. north star alliance is trying to get close to the needs of the most vulnerable people using mobile clinics this kind of assistance helps save many lives but the world health organization

says more is needed more financial aid but also the commitment that the battle against hiv aids is fought with the same determination as the fight against the coronavirus pandemic. let's take to professor york and president of the european aids clinical society he's joining us today from bonn fessor locke's whole welcome along how disruptive has the kobe 1000 pandemic been for people living with hiv aids. yes i think it's very different from country to country and surveys in various parts but you're suggesting that at least 50 percent of the physicians are involved majorly care also managed to cope with patients so obviously they have 2 diseases to serve in a such snap and disruptions in our own clinic we closed the clinic for 2 months in april and may and just sent out prescriptions i think the biggest challenge has been for testing services because of the issue you can't go and have contact other

people until the lockdown a lot of people were not able to assess the usual testing frequency and that's one of the big worries around missing should be diagnosed because people do not go to the adequate testing services and how dangerous it is covert 900004 the patients. so that has been an ongoing discussion because obviously people with h.l.v. have often meant efficiency depending on their level of c 4 count and as such may be at an increased risk for any kind of infection and so there was some worry that they may have a different course of disease the 1st case reports though from north america china and europe suggest that the really the outcome was very similar so it doesn't really look as if the mortality was enhanced or increased there has been a more recent larger cohort novices and i think that's one of the issues if you only look at small patient numbers you may miss something because the patients average were much younger than some of the patients who had a more unfavorable disease outcome and in africa there was

a 2.6 whole higher mortality there also has been i am a toddy report for each of the patients from the u.k. to around 1.6 hold higher so i think in summary looks as if in general it's pretty much the same outcome but if you have a low c 4 cumple 0200 in your severely new compromise i think that's where you may have. more increased risk but overall mortality is low and i can say from my own clinic we've seen 10 patients with code 19 and 8 chevy and none of them was a bit intensive care none of them died so i think in general in the younger patient population not so worrisome but if you are older with co-morbidities and as an h.g.v. patient you have a higher risk become a bit of these then i think there is a somewhat increased risk ok now a very close cat to have a vaccine against kovac 19 a why if they're still no vaccine against h i. yes so 2020 was unfortunately your were a vaccine which had showed some promise in the time exene trial where there was

a 33 percent reduction in new infections and now this improved vaccine was tested in south africa and i fortunately the trial will stop because of lack of sleep and i think the reasons is that they should be employed should technology and the virus is costly changing that shield to protect itself and these changes really made a vaccine attempt so it's not so easy to target the vessel different than some of the other viruses which west changes the surface. so you know the united nations has set itself the goal of ending the aids epidemic by 20 and 30 do you think that's realistic. well you know on a more positive side if you look at some of the recent numbers from the u.k. you can see that actually they're very close to ending the epidemic because they have more than 95 percent of their patients are diagnosed to have a chevy at least in the london region they have more than 95 percent on treatment

and they have more than 95 percent rarely are logically suppressed so they're doing very well and the new numbers are falling really quite dramatically and it's really great to see that with the tools we have to end the epidemic if you can use them that's all working very well but if you turn your eyes a little bit to the east and you move to russia for example which obviously has a much higher patient bird with over 800000 individuals and only probably around 55 percent receiving after all therapy there remains a large pool of people were either not diagnosed or replicating can such infect other patients so the question is how can we get all these tools we have implemented everywhere in the world and obviously also now in the covert epidemic where there is suddenly a struggle for resources from one side to the other physicians are engaged in services for 2 disease at the same time disruption of services on many different layers stock out of air be happening in many african countries will obviously put a big hazards to the goals which have been set up and the accomplishments although

theoretically at least they're good examples clinical practice were these cool seem reachable from hope that you're going to tell president of the airplane a chemical society thank you very much. time now to answer one here question for that code 1000 over to our science correspondent ed quoting. what makes ours kovi 2 different from the sars virus is it the same pathogen just stronger. no although this common question shows how much power there is in the name the international body that's responsible for naming newly discovered viruses decided to call the one that causes covert 19 sars cove 2 because it's fairly closely related to the one that caused the respiratory disease sars back in the early 2000

but although there are similarities and some of the symptoms that the 2 pathogens cause they're not the same and sars could have too did not arise from the virus that causes sars and genetic analysis has placed both in a group of what are called lineage be better coronaviruses which also includes a number of other coronaviruses that are found in bats a major characteristic that better coronaviruses share is that they infect mammals which means they exploit the similarities that all mammal cells have in common to to invade them and make more copies of virus and sometimes they jump from species to species 3 better coronaviruses that have jumped to humans to cause recent outbreak pathogens that are responsible for sars and murders and covert 19 they've all caused respiratory symptoms and fevers but in other ways like the

timing of the disease that they induce and and it's overall lethality that differs widely sars was much more deadly than coded 19 for example but but because people who got it only began infecting others after they started showing symptoms themselves it could be contained more easily source code 2 is not stronger than the virus that caused. sars and it's not the same it's just a cousin that's turned out to be a lot better at spreading in human populations and though it can also be deadly if you catch it coded 19 is actually a lot less likely to kill you than sars was. and finally they coloma that covert warrior is in india's capital delhi fic authorities are donning colorful helmets depicting the coronavirus to spread awareness on what precautions people need to take they go through market areas unfair affairs posting

flyers and educating people on what to do authorities in delhi have also quadrupled to fined for not wearing enough. and i'll call from out for all the latest on the pandemic check out our website e.w. dot com flash comit 19 and on next time for me and the team it's goodbye ticker. turning trash into treasure is a massive challenge even if we should know better the amount of electronic waste produced worldwide is greater than ever before what could the solutions look like to me now almost always assume it's a kid's climate change that's come here pick the house. in its fullness a story. for.

the face beers in everyday life but the ones in people's minds are usually their biggest handicap people with disabilities. unfortunately is still a novelty in the modern professional. and not because they are less skilled. how do you cultivate cheers success stories made in germany. 60 minutes. later is from me. it's for you. it's for hello. beethoven is for. is for the.

beethoven is for us. veto over is for. beethoven 2020 the 250th anniversary year on deal. done. did you know that in 29 war than 50000000 tons of electronics carted around the want but sadly hardly any of it was true side court well welcome to the special edition of a coffee focusing on electronic waste i am. here in uganda's capital come and i am now coming to you from nigeria frederick capital territory. yes electronic

waste is definitely an issue that needs solving in search of answers we traveled across africa and europe here's a look at what's coming up on the show today. south africa looks for ways to enable countries to mine precious metals for military waste. in germany we followed a debate on electronic waste devices and what they're calling the right to repair. and in their own design amatil our pain shows us how one person's trash really ease another person's treasure. what happens to be environment when we fail to use our resources sustainably at the major theme here on eco africa where we try to present not just the problems but some possible solutions to today we turn the spotlight on electrical and electronic which many discarded refrigerators cellphones televisions

computers and things like that but 1st here are some facts about the impact it has on the planet. from and consistent to kitchen going to. t.v.'s and smartphones every year we throw away more and more electrical appliances according to a u.n. report the world produced over 53000000 tons of electronic waste in 2019 equivalent in weight to 350 cruise liners europe was the area with the highest volume in. waste per capita. income growth urbanization and increased mobility leading to a constant increase in demand for electronic products. many of them have a very short life span as a result the waste is growing faster than any other kind of refuse. just 17.4 percent of the waste was recycled. a sizeable proportion of phased out

electronic products are exported illegally and end up on unregulated landfills dumps and scrapyards in eastern europe asia and africa the un assumes that the vast majority of non-recyclable waste is not disposed of appropriately. electronic waste contained significant amounts of hazardous substances that contaminate the land and water and can cause serious health problems up to 50 tons of the highly toxic heavy metal mercury are released into the environment every year they're joined by chemicals that are used to cannibalize old equipment. 2019 also a major increase in the number of discarded achan systems refrigerators their disposal cools the release of around 98000000 tons of greenhouse gases into the

atmosphere. devices also contain valuable metals such as i and as well as gold and rarer. in total the value of natural resources in a waste last year amounted to $57000000000.00 us dollars. only a small fraction of annual waste is recycled this means that the quantity of more material is extracted to keep up with ever increasing consumer demand continues to grow. there are guards showed it a problem that we need to say i'm sure. i have been mining could help it's an expression ari 1st in the process of recovering valuable metals mechanical and chemical treatment that doesn't just apply for i am a copper these days you find some very rare metals in your electronic devices that is right near to it and in cities you often find huge quantities of electronic waste recycling these materials saves time and money and it is much better for the

environment at the university of cape town one professor wants to introduce that idea not just in south africa but across the entire continent. it's resembles a meat grinder but this machine grinds subcircuits broods instead of pork or beef this certain despite of an innovative research project in south africa finding out how to recycle the precious bits of circuits broods. can do when judging peterson from the university of cape town figured out anyway. we were trying to crash the circuit board so that we can access the in the live for the copper that sandwiched in between is layers within the board axis in the metals like copper all move valuable gold is difficult and costly most of south africa's eat waste is purses to

overseas by companies that operate huge stearns's. also realisation. we have in south africa a lot of people just collect a few circuit boards and take them to recycle. just crush them up and since them overseas and resell wacom we process mature here create jobs with that. the challenge for the scientists finding a method that works at a smaller scale and price point that also does not contaminate the environment they developed a chemical extraction process a compound a fiend ammonia solution trickles through to ground officer kids. over the course of several days the solution extracts the compound indicated by the blue coloring the a menu mixture can be used several times which makes it even more environmentally friendly. the concept of recovering brad metals from electronic waste is called

urban mining like many african countries south africa only recycles a minority of its waste so far more than 50 percent of it and sub in landfills or as in the case of waste is shipped overseas monitoring waste streams experts say is one key incentive to up recycling you wouldn't recycle wise just for the goodness of your heart the people. ideally make at least a small profit on it and so the idea is to say what is valued as material so if you can extract a value then it is a worthwhile. undertaking small and medium skill businesses such as circuit board manufacturer tracks where the research project is set up could make a profit while reducing waste. there is a social responsibility for all businesses to try to look at the ways to produce

real circuit board manufacturer saying look you know you circuit boards that end up in products that become obsolete how does one recycle them you can reuse them but if you can reclaim the copper from them then the commercial very in the moment you can give something commercial value preventive ending up in a landfill the idea of the waste recycling project was developed here to hide your mythology lad of the university currently the team is still in the research phase through day terkel lection they want to refine and demonstrate the effectiveness of the chemical extraction not only for copper but also a little retrieve in gold of parts from lower energy in such a costs the method has another advantage but what excites me about this project is the fact that we are trying to develop technology for our local in uses for the african case where we're dealing with very low volumes of electronic waste relative

to what other countries handle but still being able to find green technologies that can help us recover without doing much harm to our environment in cape town's industrial area judgment peterson visits a local recycling company that is exporting east west petersen's looking for new good material up until now the researches have used identical model food still make results comparable want in future the method has to be any type of circuits. the project could reach pilot phase by 2022 the approach is not limited to south africa the scientists are convinced it is transferable to every other country on the continent. to europe now if you're struggling to repair on. household appliances that is broken do not wiring you are not alone they are sometimes surprisingly

difficult to fix one problem is that a lot of modern machines and other devices can't be repaired not even by professionals in many cases products are designed to wear out after a certain period of time this is expensive for the consumer and a waste of valuable resources and energy so the right to repair movement is growing in many countries we joined a global gathering of repair as tinkerers and activists in germany take a look. electronic goods are the fastest growing waste stream in the world in less than a decade the lifespan of a television in germany jumped from more than 10 years to less than 6 of the best ways is the ways that you don't produce but when you look into the container you see is a really old laundry machines are some really old dishwashers which either could not be repaired would consume so much energy then makes sense to have

a new one for some can be repaired has discarded products account for less than 10 percent of all municipal waste in the european union but extracting the rare earth metals used in many devices typically requires sulphuric acid and create small toxic waste activists like your highness a calling for a radical change. the social costs and environmental costs are completely externalize they're not integrated into the price that's why while much of it's of that ritzy another important aspect of the debate is the planned obsolescence of hot products the american branded london came up with this term in 1932 he thought it would be a good way to boost the economy because it would force customers to buy more. the argument it's incredibly flawed because what we're seeing is the type of innovation that actually does not put meat on the planet nor people at the same. hoover lurie

is a co-founder of the restart project a u.k. based organization that supports repair initiatives the european commission has recently ratified a new set of regulations that will make repairing easier from 2021 it will force manufacturers to make spare parts available to repair shops but crucially not to customers. now that doesn't make any sense and that's why people want a rio right so it's not something that is designed to limit what people care. the pressure is mounting for right to repair based on 3 key pillars. first access to spare parts for all of the products for everyone. second to access to repair manuals. and 3rd design of products so that very easy to take apart. while devices are increasingly complex the solution to the problem doesn't have to

be a comprehensive right to repair has the potential to benefit both the customers and the environment. staying with the theme of repairing and reusing we head back to africa now random is one of the leading nations here on the continent for digital technology but the increased use of a look for new devices has also led to a masi increase in waste no we've the help over was bank the one of government house opened a state of the e.u. west dismantling recycling facility in addition to benefiting the environment it also created jobs and given that you to question system of course to. each of the $450.00 pupils in this school in bogus sarah really does have a lot to fulfill us not all of those and many are recycled all the models which

breakdown get prepared within cities they are good at using this is a doozy because to help us to expand our lower wage. bill countries committed to recycling dommage and discarded electronic devices in hospitals schools government offices and companies picked up by employees in virus are an international recycling company. they hardly is taken to in virus sobs plant in syria 60 kilometers from the capital kigali here it's recycled and restored to its one of the biggest plants of this kind of africa. we want to have. the horses to. proper system for a 20 west management establishment one that's that's our main. our main target and we want russia to be a model for 4 other countries not so many countries have. this kind of facility

in virus so its business model is to sell the refurbished equipment more than 50 people who walk here showing him it ever since he started walking with one virus of collecting and i've been able to support my from line up and they get all of the sharon's and had no problem with my children's education of. a job with. rhonda is seen as the i.t. innovation harbin east africa that's why this sector is attractive to the younger generation it attracts people like that it we're all eric. he left school early but begun collecting electronic was 2 and he was 17 now he has his own company employing 35 people. to get a good we buy these electronics from different places and from people who don't need it yet but for us these electronics are valuable after collection we saw the electronic equipment to separate the ones which can be reused and resold after.