states didn't get what all they wanted french germany britain even china russia didn't get to understand the nature of this so i wouldn't accuse anybody of being soft it's shows a process of negotiation. the vienna agreement gave new hope to the people of iran to look forward to an easing of sanctions. and it was a success for iran's new president hassan rouhani and foreign minister mohammed said. to be clogged it was a victory for the moderates and it had the support of the supreme leader. but that support was calculated so to speak and it was not comprehensive. he still rouhani

and his people could never have gone as far as they did in the negotiations come in a hadn't given them the green light and as we know he's not exactly a moderate like the man would be. among the 1st to end to the new market to a big era pay in companies that build their craft and automobiles or develop oil and gas fields company executives signed contracts with senior iranian officials tehran hoped that these agreements would help to base the economy. in 2017 to topple france's largest energy company agreed to buy 150000 barrels of oil per day from iran and to develop a huge natural gas fields in the persian gulf. with probably. the reformers in iran had very concrete expectations just as the europeans and american. did i hopes that iran could rebuild its economy and that this would lead

to a more open society iran renounce the use of nuclear weapons and expected economic benefits in return they needed foreign investment to help them improve living standards would be to yawn you know the whole he says as you point. that any move in this direction would cause trouble for the islamic revolutionary guard corps their job is to protect iran's political system but they also play an important role in iran's economy and have actually profited enormously from the sanctions posture on. higher g.c. whatever you like to call them takes advantage of it in in many ways they control all aspects of imports and exports in a situation like this and they operate sort of like. mafia bosses they control the flow of counterfeit goods. things like alcoholism and cigarettes from

from other countries food in this sort of circumstance they really gain and having lived through the previous round of of heavy sanctions in 20122013 the thing that i noticed most acutely was the massive wealth gap that was created you had a whole new class of people a smaller group of people who had tons of money limitless money one of the primary opponents to the j.c.t. away was the islamic revolutionary guard corps it signaled a couple of things for them one it signaled a kind of rapprochement with the west to some degree and that's antithetical to their hold on power and the concentration of wealth that they want is if iran was going to get an increased economic benefit under the j c p a way it was very clear that they couldn't get that benefit of the i or g. c. had its tentacles and those companies the u.s. and the european union were going to maintain significant sanctions on the i or g. c. even. after the the lifting of sanctions of the 3 c.p.o.

and so iran had to get the r.g.c. out of those companies it was a difficult balancing act not least because the sanctions still in place predicted american companies from doing business in iran. not going to north of part of who they were locked out of the market we couldn't use dollars in our transactions with iran and we couldn't employ any american as you know when i travel to the us i couldn't do any business with iran the framework was rather strict not at the same time the agreement gave us the opportunity to take part in this huge development project we knew that doing business with iran was a resort but nothing ventured nothing gained it was a gamble offer and we hope that it would pay off. debt at the ability. companies that decided to go ahead with projects in iran didn't want to do anything to upset the u.s. government especially the treasury department which in force is the sanctions which

specifically prohibits the use of u.s. dollars in business transactions with iran. in 2014 the french international banking group b.n.p. perry had to pay nearly $9000000000.00 in penalties after it pleaded guilty to violating u.s. sanctions against tehran the n.p.p. continue to engage in this activity even after they were being told by their own lawyers that the conduct was illegal the nature and scope of b.n.p. ps criminal conduct far exceeded that in any previous criminal sanctions case that's been resolved by the department of justice today's nearly $9000000000.00 penalty represents the staggering total volume of provable criminal conduct on b.n.p. as part. the

iran nuclear deal generated a lot of opposition in the u.s. powerful lobbying groups like united against nuclear iran kept trying to block its implementation their primary concern was that iran would use the agreement to secretly develop nuclear weapons you arnie keeps track of companies that do business with iran and puts pressure on them to stop. i had a theory that we could engage in an economic war for. instead of using soldiers and bullets to try to use pen and ink to convince a regime to shame its behavior not only for the benefit of the united states but for france and the iranian people even i've contacted hundreds of french companies and delegation but i've also sent thousands of letters to the town germans chinese russians americans and look my letter is very simple it's basically a similar letter we do very accurate research and if if your television channel was

trying to profit and make money around they would get a letter from me and i would say to your company look you're making a decision to do business with the most oppressive brutal nuclear weapons seeking regime in the world i would suggest that that's wrong. to me he less national security advisor jumbo said his service on you on he said tries to rebuild and just long cold for regime change in the. i had said for over 10 years since coming to these events that the declared hollow see the united states of america should be the overthrow of the knowledge regime in tehran. and that's why the 429 t. we here will celebrate in tehran thank you man.

on january the 20th 2017 donald trump was sworn in as president. foreign policy hopes rejoiced since trump had often criticised the iran nuclear deal and us now in a position to scrap it. but he had made it very clear that he. he did not like anything that. barack obama. one of his major task in life was to destroy the legacy about a he had all. criticized the nuclear agreement but i think most of that criticism is to please various pressure groups in the united states rather than. to. advance the interests of the united

states i think if the united states is interested in nonproliferation then it won't get a better deal than the tracy people. trump appointed bolton as national security adviser in march 28th. the stage was now set for the u.s. to clean out as the nuclear agreement with iran. the fact is this was a horrible one sided deal that should have never ever been made it didn't bring calm it didn't bring peace and it never will i am announcing today that the united states well with the draw from the iran nuclear deal. in a few moments i will sign a presidential memorandum to begin reinstating u.s. nuclear sanctions on the uranian regime. president trump

aimed to put what he called maximum pressure on iran this included the toughest economic sanctions imposed so far by the u.s. . from said he wanted to try to bring iran to the negotiating table. to negotiate promptly also me secretary of state pompei o then gave iran a list of 12 demands that would serve as preconditions for the talks if you want to negotiate sure you see the condition and i go but those conditions were completely one sided. and so harsh that it would have been suicidal for iran to accept the offer to. don't go didn't go look on the one hand trump wanted to scrap the original agreement even though iran was playing by its rules at the same time he wanted to negotiate a new deal that would cover not only iran's nuclear program but also iran's

policies in the middle east and its arsenal of ballistic missiles from completely misread the situation in the 1st morning. on iraq. are you toddy hall. karol motto my. mil let him on him all gather. in may 2019 the u.s. tightened the sanctions that cover sales of iran's petroleum oil exports account for a substantial portion of the country's income tankas sat idle of. iran's largest commercial ports oil exports soon hit record lows and that hurt the country's economy even more. in may 2019 several foreign tankers were attacked in the gulf of

amman the us suspected iran was behind these incidents but tehran denied any responsibility. iran also seized a british tanker in the strait of hormuz and in june shot down a u.s. surveillance drone that provoked an immediate response from the white house. you know. from past been saying things like that for years he's a megalomaniac but all he can do is make threats to get even for the one i'm on says if iran does this or that we will react what did he do when we shot down that

american drone huli he did nothing but post a few tweets. iran shifts from what it calls maximum patience to maximum resistance and it's their way of saying that look we're not going to just sit as this economic pressure mounts and we also haven't seen the. europeans and the the other members of the nuclear deal do what we expect from them in terms of economic normalization that that key bargain in the nuclear deal and so we are going to respond in the ways that we can one is we're going to stop complying fully with the way and every 60 days we are going to breach some of the restrictions that the deal has not because we want a nuclear weapon but because this is how we can kind of add an impetus to efforts to stabilize the deal that is the iranian argument what the iranians are trying to do i mean they're really trying to build leverage not

a bomb right now they want to build leverage against the europeans against the u.s. to try to compel some economic assistance and to have something to trade away once they go sheesh and start up again which might be a couple of years down the line. in round the hope that was generated by the vienna agreement soon gave way to frustration and disappointment there would be no lucrative european contracts and no new jobs western companies simply did not want to risk violating the u.s. sanctions. so this is the message they're pretty it's a diabolical system the u.s. president can choose 5 sanctions from a list of 12 but no one knows which 5 some of the mood be deadly for a company like to a town for example trump could ban us from using the american financial system that . he says would you if an international company like total can't issue bonds

denominated in dollars we'd be in big trouble. could also stop americans from buying shares in total right now about 30 percent of our shares are owned by american citizens these sanctions demonstrate the power of american capitalism because the u.s. can impose its will on. international companies. multinational corporations pulled back from contracts they'd signed with iran the sanctions also made life hard for ordinary iranians these measures extended even to imports of medicines and medical equipment. supplies of pharmaceuticals from europe dropped sharply. to some iranians then when they will turn its halves. on the market. share

i need this medicine for my wife's chemotherapy or. not what the why have they slapped an embargo on it how will people who are sick get their medicine i don't know what are they supposed to do now you're up all those countries have caved into the united states that it will buy us cause the tune and everybody follows and i've got the france germany back to britain why is that don't they have any compassion for sick people no more want to mimic in body. iran has its own pharmaceutical industry but complex drug city used to treat cancer or rare diseases are only produced abroad. this is my heart hospital in tehran the facility specializes in treating children who suffer from cancer it's an ongoing struggle for the staff to find the medicine

that their patients need. the hospital is affiliated with a charitable organization and is funded exclusively by donations. children from low income families are treated free of charge to my heart facility opened in 2003 right now the hospital is desperately short of foreign medicine. what are we regularly asked people who travel overseas to buy medicine for us. as a. return of thanks to that kind of support none of our patients has died because we didn't have enough medicine. isn't it we've managed to keep the hospital running through this crisis protocol over the we're not sure what will happen tomorrow or in 2 weeks. that he has any and if we can't find people who buy medicine for us overseas we're going to have serious problems and. i have seen

hospital managers have appealed to the united. nations european officials and the swiss government held the social little has been done. and shouts i should do. fine thank you. for your kid to go and he. said it was attached to the image there are a lot of contradictions in the sanctions as to what you have shown you to cross over to talk to the u.s. government says that these measures would not apply to food and medicines but the money be and european officials have confirmed this they say that we wouldn't need a special permit to buy what we need here as the fact of the matter is that we cannot transfer money to buy medical equipment and spare parts of people who've imposed these sanctions will aware of this problem and the effect that it's having them so why don't international agencies do something to help us charities you know

how do we know millennium you can have done it without using the engine. today i want to talk directly to the iranian people to dispel myths about u.s. sanctions that continue to be promoted by the iranian regime. under our laws a general license is in place today that allows medical devices to be exported from the united states to the iranian people the united states has a great respect for the people of iran and does not think to prevent them from accessing medical supplies or care. president trump is committed just supporting the people of iran and hopes one day for a better future between our 2 peoples you can say that humanitarian trade is exempted it is but when the owner of probably 90 plus percent of the foreign exchange in iran are available to iran is the central bank which can't be used for that trade now it's hard to say that that trade can happen and so that's that's

been a particular failing of trump administration's policy is both kind of the. the steps taken to close off those areas that are available for that kind of trade and the kind of unwillingness of the administration and its officials to support that trade and it's been a real problem it makes life for the ordinary iranians worse even though the administration claims to support ordinary iranians and it's plain bad policy that soldiers. in september $29000.00 there was a drone attack on an oil refinery in saudi arabia to see rebels in yemen said they launched the drone strike but several western countries suspected that iran which supports the who see insurgency was behind it iran denied any responsibility but the u.s. so the attack is another example of iran trying to spread its influence across the middle east. how would the united states respond to an assault on one of its

closest allies in the region. secretary of state to my pump aoe traveled to saudi arabia and the united arab emirates to discuss the security situation the u.s. soon imposed another round of sanctions on iran that took no military action to show or issued yeah if it was quite a shock for the saudis because they realized how vulnerable they were. everyone was surprised because the attack was very well planned and tactically sophisticated sort of blog for senior military officials sat up and took notice. of ideas railways for example analyzed the drone strike in detail and came up with a plan to deal with this kind of threat chris was on the move us and neighbors is how do you need to realize that they cannot be the head. of this region.

we. can contribute. to peace and stability in this region and that is what we called for a regional forum in the persian gulf called non-aggression pact in the persian. dissolutions not trying to security from the united states or from europe. security purchase security has to be produced from. if iran is to conduct such a major attack not only against saudi arabia but against the global oil market and the u.s. is willing to do precisely nothing that sends a very powerful signal it sends a green light to the iranians that they can go ahead and continue pushing the envelope and it tells the saudis the amorality is the israelis that they're on their own more or less. and it seemed that this time iran had gone too far.

in late december 29th seen a shiite militia group backed by iran stormed the u.s. embassy in the iraqi capital baghdad in response to us and strikes carried out against the group in iraq and syria america blamed iran for the attack tehran denied any responsibility. president trump then decided to strike iran at the very heart of its military establishment. on january discern a u.s. drone attack near baghdad airport killed major general cuz sam sulaimani the command of the revolutionary guards group that specialized in military and clandestine operations outside iran. sulaimani was said to be the 2nd most powerful man in iran huge crowds turned out for a funeral services. when held in several cities in based iran and iraq.

president trump wasted no time in taking credit for the attack which killed the number one person in the world salivating and it should have been done 20 years ago if the. only. trump had several options and he chose one that really crossed the line he ordered the assassination of a senior military official. this didn't happen on the battlefield which you might expect in a conflict between 2 enemies about soleimani was killed as though he was a common terrorist like osama bin laden and his death came as a shock to the entire country will be shown to the millions of people took to the streets to pay their last respects. iran's government can usually get a few $100000.00 people to turn out by mobilizing troops and supporters and providing transportation for them but this event was completely unexpected it was

a collective spontaneous expression of emotion. there were certainly a lot of people in the crowd who opposed to the regime but this was about iran and its honor it went beyond the government iran's honor had been attacked and people are very sensitive about. iran's leaders reeling from the death of syrian money when on january the 8th the revolutionary guard unit shot down a ukrainian passenger jet shortly after it had taken off from tehran. several days later iran's supreme leader ayatollah ali how many described the incident as an accident and defended the country's armed forces the trumpet ministrations threaten to impose even more economic sanctions. determined to stay the

course. do the sanctions change the way they behave are they more concerned with. acknowledging and addressing the concerns of average people or more concerned with maintaining their own. system and i would say so far they've shown that they're most concerned with maintaining their system there might come a day where they have to respond to a lot of public pressure we've seen various types of protests over the past couple of years more and more in the in the realm of protests against the economic situation but it has not created a groundswell of. protest against the regime as such. and so far there is no real indication that that's happening in the coming days or months generally speaking sanctions are not regime change what's it's not realistic to

just impose sanctions on somebody walk away and hope if you come back in 3 or 4 years that the regime of change they don't work that way you need to have a broader set of of negotiations and you have to give the regime that you're trying to pressure some incentive to actually change to if the only change they can have is big removed from power it's going to be pretty hard to dislodge them. the u.s. policy of imposing maximum pressure on iran is still in force international economic sanctions have crippled the economy and tehran no longer feels bound by the controls on its nuclear program outlined in the vienna agreement iran could soon produce enough enriched uranium to build a nuclear weapon. the country's relations with the u.s. are at their worst since the islamic republic was founded in 1979. with iran's leaders seem determined to stand up. the united states as

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