years and talk with people experiencing the changing environment right through the ice disappears earlier and it keeps retreating our future depends on what happens here. in northern white like within the arctic circle stuart's december 21st 2 w. . this is did over you news in these are our top stories and germany will enter a tougher coronavirus lockdown a starting on a wednesday with schools and a non-essential stores is set to close this comes amid a surge in deaths in recent weeks has there i go americal appealed to germans to limit their social contacts in the run up to christmas. the united states has begun distributing millions of doses of covert 19 vaccines and occupation of health care workers and

a nursing home residents with the buy on tech pfizer vaccine is expected to begin on monday the number of chronic virus deaths in the us is approaching 830-0000 the highest in the world's. british novelist john in the kyra has died the writer whose real name was david cornwell became wildly popular for his thrillers which touched on his real life experiences as a spy ring the cold war his novels tinker tailor soldier spy and the spy who came in from the cold war global bestsellers he was 89 years old. this is the news from berlin follow us on twitter and instagram at news or visit our website w dot com.

thank you. in the field of science has been helping humans understand the world and has made our lives easier from prehistoric inventions stormwater and communication technology but we also use science to give back to me trapped by studying renewable sources of energy by building satellites that help us get on the ground water levels by turning nice into venus about the beatles for me just a few on to this show we introduce you to some people and projects who are using scientific inquiry to help the and why that alone welcome to equal india i'm sorry that i. our 1st stop today is a rural maharashtra investor and this region is one of the worst places in the country to be a farmer was distant in droughts and green for many

a farmer who give up farming and become an industrial. but if scientific data could accurately predict weather patterns and provide farmers with information they could still have a short and their primary like an organization in the region helping farmers best exactly. a look at a smartphone farm. all he needs to know. now is the ideal time to fertilize his fields. he also knows which fertilizer to use and in which quantity the 40 year old resident of shift village uses the farm precise app which especially developed for farmers in the indian state of maharashtra the app improves by making cultivation and livestock farming easier to organize. when speed and direction

the sounds of the birds and when they make these sounds my final generations used to use these as indicators to identify climate patterns will it end tomorrow we live in the day after will it rain at all this is how our elders used to predict the weather when a few years later we got the information via the radio then through the television after that through newspapers our farming practices would be entirely based on that most of the time these estimates were incorrect. they were going to get on the. the mainstream weather forecasts entire regions but local weather conditions can be complete. different. climate change is also making the weather increasingly unpredictable for farmers. time and again droughts and floods lead to harvest failures in recent years. the watershed trust look for ways to help

these farmers and to combat poverty in rural regions the result was farm precise and easy to operate up which functions even with only a weak signal. denise early release. in strong argumentative weather stations in the project related is so has to make a community of it and real trained local you would hope using taking observation from a ws aren't shared with the community but as the technology are the ones. we started getting online on an hourly basis this. operator used to noted down the daily information about the. forecast and shared with the community. the farm precise up office 5 day weather forecasts and up to date information for

good field management all in simple language and easy to use. which is now whether whether we used to use any 40 lies or pesticide that we could get our hands on. but with the farm precise up if i don't have enough information about a particular fertilizer or pesticide i can just take a photograph of the crop and post it on the chrissy some mud for when i'm in the op . within an hour we receive feedback and advice about what we should do not about or if we should use a particular substance in a particular proportion added particular time of day. in 2014 farmers in the state of maharashtra pradesh were hit by weather related losses totaling some 900000000 euros. since then the app hasn't only provided assistance for planting fertilization and harvesting crops. the farmers can also find the latest market prices and work out the best time to sell their produce as

a result past good mostly has to use his losses and he's even turning a profit now. mino she mostly also lives in the region and uses the op to tend to whole farm as well. she says barely a tard of all women here on a smartphone she shares her knowledge and wants to motivate other women to take advantage of the available to. clarify what i mean by the language climate change is making farming more and more difficult we need technology to help us with this i started a self-help group for 15 women and i encourage them to use this because i've learned a lot from it and they and their families can learn a lot from it they're starting to appreciate it and see its benefits are there we. found precise developers see over $3500.00 farmers now use their free app which is

so far still only available in hindi. that number could easily rise when the watershed organization trust puts the app online in another t.v. languages. now we may not know it but a lot of the things we use in our daily life come from fossil fuels this undoubtedly is a detriment to be about it plastics in the ocean or mountains of biodegradable waste scientists have been looking for substitutes gong to be strict and sometimes they've been successful we met a professor in germany who seemingly magical things. in a working substitute for. this building is getting added thermal insulation and damp roofing from polystyrene for every year over 10000000 tons of the synthetic material are turned into everything from facade cladding to disposable bowls and cups and packaging. but one extremely useful the downside

of the material is that it is essentially non-biodegradable and takes centuries to break down and as it does it releases miniscule particles into the ground and our waters. plies. this man has a plan to replace the plastic polluted since 2008. poor and his team have been looking into an environmentally friendly alternative pop corn. similar to polystyrene phone. if it consists of a mass of cavities filled with there are no. i can see them when you die sector piece of popcorn and examine it under the microscope. that's what makes it so light . like the market researcher and his team have already used popcorn to create kitchen furniture they're showing many factories the range of potential

applications for popcorn the 1st step is to turn it into a massive granules all the same size the original maize is grown in germany well that is land intensive on the plus side the material will help to reduce fossil fuel consumption. and you can eat or it tastes a lot like popcorn except there's no sugar or chocolate of course so the taste is a bit boring. for. the granules i've been pressed together to form sheets panels with plan pricing providing the bonding agent as opposed to synthetic chemicals this makes the material compostable and even suitable as animal fodder. the team are pioneers in the field. they also used to compare the thermal conductivity of polystyrene foam to that of popcorn and then measure the heat that penetrates through to the back in the case

of polystyrene foam the sensor reads 28 degrees celsius while the popcorn board is even better at absorbing the heat here the reading is under $25.00 degrees. in india. you could use it in particular in areas of india to provide buildings with insulation from the heat or cold. houses with the panels in the walls or on the facades. or you can also use them as insulation for solid building . demarc. tiriel also performs better in the flammability test the polystyrene burns up at a frightening speed immediately beginning to melt and release toxic gases. subjected to the same flame the panel of popcorn barely catches fire.

in this case the damage was limited to the. grandson being singed. kalim patch is the design in the team. she started experimenting with popcorn 2 and a half years ago and as now many affected her 1st pieces of furniture with the revolutionary material. and we might soon be seeing child sized chairs and tables like these replacing their plastic counterparts. when the cannot once children have grown out of the furniture it can be shredded and recycled to create another new material. in movement and after being replanted can in turn be made into new items on to be done by object of the house have a state. the research team is working with

a number of partners in the packaging and construction industries who have realized the potential only reason the poor is happy to pass on the fruits of years of research on the material. in the op he hopes to see environmentally friendly products made from pop corn replacing polystyrene foam on a large scale and the sooner the better. the 1st popcorn packaging is due to go on the market in the fall of 2021 and will hopefully help to reduce the world's growing mountains of plastic waste. fossil fuels cause harm to our planet yes we all agree to that but to grow means on a large scale as an alternative to plastics would need a large area also for thailand which would otherwise be used for inable crops in

the real world how feasible are environmentally friendly substitutes let's ask specialist researchers in germany to find out what. the seeds of the rape seed plant healed food oil and as meal feed for livestock. kitchen has developed a means to combat we space. it's eco friendly and could replace the plastic foil and toxic chemicals standardly used to protect crops. compared to a standard total such as plastic mulch for oil and natural material that inhibits reed growth would be preferable. to the. maze is a staple food in much of the world and it's also the source of ethyl alcohol used as a bio fuel for cars and trucks it's said to be less damaging to the environment than regular gas so maize and rapeseed at 2 important natural resources. at the

campus of the technical university of new nick a team of scientists want to determine under what conditions use of these resources is truly sustainable. the broom has developed contains rake seed starch and other naturally occurring substances. it can be sprayed on the ground around crops such as vines to inhibit the growth of weed. it's an alternative to the plastic mulch foil much houston farms around the world before helps maintain moisture in the soil and prevent. most of it is made from conventional plastic which is made from petroleum. hitching his own alternative has considerable advantages. in some of those

conflicts it's made entirely of naturally occurring raw materials most are renewables and are sealed to neutral. and water. maybe it's so versa tiled yielding oil food feed and biofuel materials made from expanded corn might eventually replace palestine in insulation and packaging that would reduce c o 2 emissions is that enough to make a natural result. it is not just about emitting less as. we also consider social criteria fair remuneration in the respective countries. regarding the agricultural context where does the maize come from from a land that is biologically high value with a lot of biodiversity or fields where old growth forests or rain forests used to be . a father criterion for sustainability is where the materials can be recycled most conventional plastics company p.t.

from say bottles can be used. but much too much plastic waste and littering the environment slowly crumbling into ever smaller fragments. micro plastics can be found in the soil just about everywhere they come from a range of sources rubbish dumps and sewage sludge used as fertilizer on fields and we don't yet know what effect these particles have on the structure of soils or whether the effect. worked. the spray on rake seed mulch by contrast eventually washes away at a predictable pace. our material is biodegradable whereas plastic foil often soiled and contaminated with other chemicals and has to be disposed of or recycled with great care our material can stay out in the field. as it decomposes all that remains there are a few non toxic cells that occur when they check anyway it's

a home this product deprived from nature. this is definitely a concern. before finding the perfect valentin tool for substituting plastics but what do you want to look at existing supply and demand models and find a solution that big bang will make for example it has had a long tradition of joint production and cultivation but to me fall was a producing excess joint and knocking the decision all of it leaving behind a huge plus a local scientist seems to have found the buffett solution to this problem. it looks like plastic it feels like plastic but it isn't it's a plant based product. part about you like you can make had this thing it would be a pool packaging materials it could be done or more packaging material it could

with the government by getting material it would be the. shopping bag finger properly back as. khan has spent years coming up with a substitute for plastic the raw material he works with is jute from which he creates a water soluble base 40 he then adds a natural starch based binding agent america most certainly in one part. and then we use some other chemicals i'm not mentioning this chemical because they're more part of this tradition be and then we get this. final. product which can then be made into a for oil now con is hoping that his invention dab dishonestly will draw global interest. this is their decision on poly properly and you can see just a morning if you could see produce there drop this if. you

groove there before the market particularly embrace but when you've gone this is my finale. if there is not a drop of plastic here. just like they perceive after a while ash is all that remains. this is a. land where probably more jute will be grown like here the plant is the number one natural fiber grown in bangladesh it's composed primarily of cellulose the main component in sauna. party is one of 3000000 jute farmers in bangladesh what he's harvesting now he only sowed 4 months ago. the climate in bangladesh is ideal for growing this crop which requires plenty of water heat and humidity. to do the jute

fibers are found inside the stems and have to be separated from the rest of the plant. it's painstaking manual labor the whole family lends a hand. once again it's not been a good year for the pharma floodwaters washed away a part of his crop and prices have dropped so he won't get as much for what he's managed to harvest. you have to borrow money just to make ends meet. buyers who that was i have no idea what will happen alternately with us jeered and they tell me the government isn't buying much because demand from foreign markets is down so they don't offer us good prices but i have to sell it to them anyway. around 40000000 people in bangladesh make their living from jilt either directly or indirectly in the sauna project could change their lives but.

at the moment it's still at the experimentation stage. the government is funding the pilot. production at this factory. is but this new machine will soon be producing a ton of so nearly a day my wish is that maybe tomorrow somebody's going to carmen can go for a holy war because it is a lot of women following the war zones and don't separate out the jews industry is one of the biggest economic sectors in bangladesh. it's viewed as a kind of national treasure closely linked with the state's founding and for many years its only export many here hopes could help breathe new life into the industry . the digital revolution and the big it has provided us with has given us a big push to be more of more environmentally friendly young people around the world leading this trend and i'm more aware of it about protecting them.

in the next. we met one such group of students let's take a. 1000000 dollar limit livable is best achieved with the help of people who live here via where using new technology to contribute to a better understanding of traffic. i would like to see the city authorities and the general public taking care of the trees. these students are applying their coding and programming skills to the development of applications and devices to make cities more ecologically sustainable. it looks relaxed but they're actually taking part in an intensive summer school at city lab . the veterans have almost doubled around us is full of technology

and how micro control is like this you can see how much of it both invisible and indispensable in our everyday life works really well here we want to make things with them selves. at various workshops during the 9 days of the summer school the participants develop all kinds of ideas and inventions all in a relaxed atmosphere outside of the classroom city lab is a venture that brings people in berlin together to work on sustainable or. in development. photos for months decides i like the summer school for massive we need outdoors in the fresh air and working pretty interesting technology and topics. so much we've got on like you have some online lectures but now we're working together on group projects so cool when it's a misstep because everything has been remote since the coronavirus here and now at long last we can work together again as the topics are interesting and something to

. $54.00 students from 4 berlin universities took part in the summer school this year. this online lecture by professor colonnade was about digitalisation and sustainability she says urban development processes need to be more inclusive. and days to be made available to very different groups in society including people who don't have much experience with the internet you can't write computer programs how can they nonetheless access data and use it to develop something new and because. most of the workshop participants are studying business information systems and are already used to working with technology and computer programs. they relish the opportunity to brainstorm and work on innovative sustainable and eco friendly projects. yeah your line on going to compound was 9 and so on up on and i've used a solar panels and a lithium battery to build a device to charge

a mobile phone to someone small run a development board and. so on. inflicting spots let's see what even when there is no external source of electricity compared to way off grid and. i think. among the projects developed by the students at the summer school. a new system of hydroponics for city plants and a digital map of sustainability initiatives. did you tell us you will never numb time digitize ation wasn't considered to be very important in germany and that includes the government it requires major investments so if you want to digitalize an entire country it takes a lot of resources that's also the case with promoting sustainability and there's still

a long way to go off as if you know me upside. these students are seizing the moment to press ahead to make perhaps eventually the larger world smarter greener and more sustainable. the use of science and technology can help intentional action for the good of the i hope even cottage 2 to be can use your scientific book to help be a moderate in what a big or small we will camp i'll leave you with that party and see you again next week. for the.

good shape. this. makes us happy. and music makes us healthy. research shows that those who sing regularly live longer. so sing and it will keep you good shape. d.w. . 100000 kilometers an hour to reach mars. they

shall show rafi is at the helm of the hope mission of the united arab emirates. 80 percent of the mission scientists are women. the country is entering a new era of. junk female scientists are reaching new heights global 3000. and 60 minutes on d w. fairytale . legend. was the century for an eccentric monarch. love fantasy. odd. this

one a trans. national. secrets cuts starts december 25th. ave. well. to in good shape coming up. healthy hiking how to get the most out of the mountain trail. smile which gentle bleaching method works best. and music is medicine the therapeutic effect of sweet sounds. a little welcome to in good shape what i realize is that more and more people our erring head why

they're in nature but listen to this this is my music. when i am by the sea i'm listening to the sounds of nature but i'm listening to music as well because music has a deep effect on us and our soul it makes us happy and it makes the set so let's focus today on music and on all the effects of it. we all know that feeling of listening to a familiar choose changes a particular sequence of notes and sounds can have a profound effect on our emotions and move us to tears of joy. but the kinds of music however might get us in the mood for don't sing a poem doing with an entire group of people but one of. the key is not going to heart music is a super stimulus that shifts software you know with

a range of areas working similar tenuously a long term memory for example can recognize music we've heard before and link it to previous emotional experiences. meanwhile the motor cortex is also activated helping us to hopefully dance alltop our feet in rhythm. the limbic system to time and whether or not we find the music appealing if we didn't the brain's reward system releases to open me the same homeowner sociate to put drug consumption and sex whatever the trigger that makes us feel contempt. so far so good but once us in music makes some people feel sad and of us happy is a mystery that has yet to be fully explained. near a scientist tom fritz spent years looking into the impact of music on our emotions . play phones not to any husic affects us from

a very early age even in the womb most of us. like it's all there been tests involving say a mother to be who likes watching a particular t.v. soap opera in one toggle an obsession to see only a shower in addition to soap and a month the child has been born they actually exhibit a preference for the music in that series because they're already familiar with us enjoy them for call of. the soothing effect of the melody from a music box and were toys to talk liz having learned that it's coming. their motions that it triggers big spank by something in the music itself to me. it's a question that led to a festive frets to visit the math for people in the remote mandara. terms of coming . here to me stung are part of endless yet or. what interested me was looking at the people they're grown up with no exposure to western music. and. if they were then played say some

piece of music from europe or north america with the stereotypical sound that we would call happy sad or scary would they still be able to gauge that same emotional expression steam in design was weak and also isn't and what anonymous. is experimental involved over 50 participants being played pieces of piano music is in western culture express a basic human emotion happiness sadness off it. they were then asked to choose the photo with the appropriate emotion. and in most cases they chose correctly. scott and i as. a can be all kinds of factors at us. met all the time visor for life one is that with certain emotions and the melody of languages often comparable between

different cultures. does work in similar fashion to languages and we also see that when we monitor brain activity in here we see very similar networks being activated in the processing of language in music it's remarkable. the survey published in the us in 2018 showed a similar finding it appeared that individuals with higher empathy tended to experience a stronger emotional impact from music plus in their brains music also activated areas that are otherwise used for integrity in the behavior and intentions of other people so for those individuals music has a similar emotional significance to physical encounter. as with their fellow human beings. if you hear a song just sing along because if you hear a song girl you will live longer and this is also true for guys in the 1990s

readers scientists showed that people who sing on a regular basis may extend their lifespan up to 70 years and they live healthier sunday noon system and the courage of as good a system so those are good reasons to single. user phina and her mother are on their way to a speech therapist if you know was born with a heart defect that has delayed her development. and can you pick up a baby when the word being comes the also be no. use if you know has been in therapy with if a coasters for most of her young life. that's right but we only want to be flyaway when the word becomes ok ok as he has a few notes like many other children you know safina finds therapy much easier with

singing because it feels more like playing than exercises or therapy and whatever and for that. there are some i know. one of the most important points is that the rhythm and melody of singing activate lots of different parts of the brain such as the acoustic auditory visual and modern areas and it's really useful and child there are comments about that you really notice an improvement in their ability to concentrate and pay attention concentrates on fish. it's also very useful for vocabulary training for example to watch a pizza by. not. just go. to thing i was meant to sing you have to remember several words and verses south

america and the repetition and songs helps you practice these new words coming out of both of us with twin young and it's not just young patients like us if you know who can benefit from singing. it's growing in popularity as a therapy option offered in some hospitals. now does singing singing makes you happy i look like this we keep so young in my young mind fruitful it really does make you feel lighter and more cheerful. the singing sessions aimed to give patients a confidence boost and help them relax in preparation for their treatment. oh my god jesus is actually singing is good for all types of patient something for patisserie specially good for those who have breathing difficulties for months it was most when you saying you have to take a deep breath you have to exhale for a long time and have good control of your brain for our story.

the professor devitt is especially eager to encourage lung cancer patients to try singing a not totally off him a potential twin i often deal with patients who have a lot of anxiety because of their tumors when see in this ng and when they sing in a group they hear themselves and they hear the other people skip it gives them a sense of community which helps to dispel the anxiety the friendship because they feel comforted by the experience of this collective sound it's wonderful. science also there proves numerous studies have shown that singing has a positive effect on many aspects of our health. i want to know more about the healing effects of singing in music this is why our medical reporter mira call of course she's a music therapist and she promotes singing in hospitals it in the association

called city hospitals. and improvising together fast shows me the different facets of music. singing for patients can also be part of who work. let's talk about singing what kind of healing powers can singing really have. actually it has a lot of healing power. in our brain. exploding . singing so you have to do that to me and i play like mad to be perceived. that you know a brain and. then our breathing is much better when we sing so we have this relaxation about deep breathing.

their whole moans. which kicking in if we are seeing so also to see the home one which we have if we have sex if we look at our newborn child and so there's a lot of going on and when we are seeing it what kind of areas can music therapy. beneficial or very successful especially good. with people who are not able to talk any more of course or. people with dementia. can sing with and reach them and the part of the brain is not destroyed read the music in the memory of the music is padded part off and all with dying people who are not able to understand much anymore and used to used to

have an excess music and what about music and its benefits for people who say i'm a nonmusical person i come here to know just is it equally beneficial for them music isn't our systems everywhere like we have rhythm and raves sound waves. like really really take the music with the rhythm and with the raves make. everybody's musical so there's no mistakes in doing some music to play or then singing just the ations and and yet it's like everybody can do it not everyone might have like a music therapist nearby can i also just use music as a home remedy and just do it myself at home. yeah of course i think

a lot of people do already like singing in the shower to wake up. singing a traffic jam to. seeing because you have to turning on the radio because of the cleaning yourself. in a way you yeah we always use it. all day life. it means it's not. to be there appear and to be. there party i think you need someone who's who collect in this was to bring you that maybe to another part of part of it or to connect with other people doing music. and then you can bring it home again do it for yourself and let's talk about the development of children can music be really beneficial for their successful development there's a lot of research. that really really important for them to have music in their

early lives so they're much less bullying. much more emotional until again. there are they're better in school even not not just in music in different subjects and they learn to listen to each other of course and. then and to be equal and i think it's yeah it's a really mad thing to give them for all of their whole lives currently we're in the middle of a pandemic early on we saw some people going to their balconies making music with their neighbors or singing together. how do you think can music help us through this very difficult time getting those really touching everybody in the world was really touched by bit and was music can do some it's getting really emotional and it's getting really connecting even if you're on the back on the i'm

just be a sad and it's really. you do and with the language of everybody like could sing loud i love everybody. yeah i think the connection is a really important part of it because this is a problem at the moment the risk is so disconnected so lonely thank you so much for this interesting talk about the power of music you. thank you for inviting me. good shape your weekly health show on g.w. covers many aspects of health care will look at what's new in medical treatment nutrition fitness and beauty. we talk about these topics in-depth with experts and give you the chance to pose your own questions so to get in touch. up until the late 19th century blech.