taishan of the church if this silence lasts much longer. i'm told. do i need to share and then there was a reply which is actually embarrassing. upped but chose the road to be on shabbat i presented the letter to the holy father. he had seen it used and offered his encouragement and gave the papal blessing want. but a request no mention. in hardly mists. a historian at their core forces in rome is researching the relationship between jews and catholics at that time nina vogel main concern was the protection of the catholics and the catholic church in a nazi germany for the vatican jewish problems were not a priority. there. today pope francis is received with open arms by the jewish community. as his predecessors have done

before him francis calls the jewish people older brothers. many unionists. young leaving. the. scene where they have. been commissioned the only thing known. for. is in using. the bishop of effort was appointed by the german conference of bishops to improve relationships between catholics and jews according to him in the 1930 s. many in the catholic clergy were not immune to anti semitism you know present government whole scheme we have to assume that in the thirty's and most catholics were guided by the principle that jews did not recognize the messiah let's go to you wouldn't miss the allegation that they were responsible for jesus's death on

the cross was also common chords as to and we know that there were many sermons that repeated this. and these as in how it's. determined to gain the majority in parliament hitler tried to secure the support of the. catholics. do not grow out of a deal with even abiding rethink about their goal i would be if the back door got out all about a pope but. shortly afterwards hitler offered the vatican the agreement on which but chile had been working since the 1920 s. the concordant. the vatican accepted. cheli himself signed the pact with the future fear of. its volatility

of course that was a huge triumph for hitler because his regime was not trusted by the rest of the world it. and the 1st international treaty hitler ever made was a treaty with the holy see is the forgot me to hide so if the ultimate moral authority the holy see makes a treaty with this regime then other countries can legitimately do it as well under limbo. for years earlier in 1929 the vatican had already signed a similar agreement with fascist italy and its dictator benito mussolini with the blessing of a large part of the local clergy. diplomatic relations between the holy see and fascist regimes other field of expertise of professor my tale luigi the police handle. chief.

the majority of the italian clergy supported the fascist regime for she's the. young and as it were not. bred to get any priests and fall for their country in their youth model and felt like a patriotic priests. doing too. but i think part of the article. also at that time many in the catholic clergy saw fascism as a lesser evil in comparison to the real enemy communism. an atheist ideology the promise to overthrow the social system which the church had been representing for centuries. now acts without a fresh eye they realised quite quickly how the situation in soviet russia escalated. persecutions of the clergy occurred in that area not only the orthodox

church was persecuted before but priests priests were arrested void churches were closed because the faithful were harassed and church prop. he was confiscated that this also happened to the catholic church dishwasher's. however as hitler gained more control over the german population he also began to target the church the few who wanted to impose naziism as the only national religion and. hitler grew up in a catholic environment in austria and paid church taxes until he died in fact he even took inspiration from catholicism for nazi symbols and rituals. it was 1st in your twenty's of he was fascinated by this hierarchical structure of the catholic church all parts at the top the pope and on the other side the future is of the top well he had a certain fascination with the church but in fact he had nothing at all to do with

it it was a church it was his opponent. over the years the catholic bishops of germany increasingly rejected nazi policies there were protests. isc up and there was a clear rejection of national socialism was in this was essentially a rejection of racism has the same of euthanasia. and also the attempt to build a new nazi religion but in for as will annoy you in a sense another salesman's of 2 bone. was on desperate or a ship of mr clemens one garland island was particularly important in this regard because he protested very strongly against euthanasia is also strongly that the national socialists ended this policy in the town. one

gallon and the other german bishops denounced violations of the concordant and asked the vatican for an official protest. sure you sure wouldn't hoped you wouldn't if a catholic schools were no longer allowed to vote as they were actually close even though it was a breach of the concord. there was no more pastoral care in prisons. only military chaplaincy continue to exist when the agreements were simply suspended well they were not implemented and there was no point is that it was not effective to invoke the terms of the concorde. that did not achieve anything. else that needs perfect. pope pius the 11th wrote a letter to the german faithful and in cyclical that was raised in old german touches on palm sunday in 1937. as it was when least denominate called the encyclical was originally called with

great concern i just want to make it clear that the holy see was concerned about the situation this persecution of the catholic church in germany voted on this title was then personally changed by put shelley who made it a bit sharper and he chose a stronger adjective on the burning of anand's so the title began with burning concern to emphasize once again how seriously the holy see was taking the situation in germany. the nazis were outraged times names because they only found out about it after this text was read out from all the pulpit in all legitimate churches at 9 o'clock in the morning extra leaves involved. but this and cyclical have no lasting effect. i cannot say that this was a change in the tactics of the struggle become fi would say it was like

a flash in the pan so it didn't go any further it was get done by to. pass the 11th actually wrote an insecure call to condemn the anti semitic laws enacted by hitler and mussolini but this letter was never published and it is unclear is a chilly stopped publication. a mystery that can be solved only once the research in the vatican archives is completed. in february $939.00 is the 11th died and potentially was elected to st peter's throne. was. he chose for himself the name of pius the 12th in our march to his predecessor. by chance. when a cheli was elected pope. he was very concerned most of the bottle

channel to steam or his son in law galley out so china gave us evidence of this. and that's germany's reaction is also interesting and no less disturbing new mineral broker. from germany called silence they made it clear you are not our pope if we are not necessarily happy i said you will have become pope the pops just. as the 12th had been elected pope only 6 months before hitler ordered the invasion of poland and the 2nd world war broke out only to look back. at the pope as head of the vatican a micro state without an army that hardly had the means to really oppose hitler. the vatican could use the. clemency and charity diplomacy.

for biographers of pius the 12th the 2nd world war period remains a mystery. many questions are still unanswered. first when did the pope find out about the extermination of the jews. for one week professor of all of and his team were able to search the archives for an answer to this question. then the corona crisis broke out and the research had to be interrupted but in that 1st week they found documents that offer a revealing insight. in the summer of 942 us president roosevelt received a letter from a jewish agency containing information on the mass murder of jews in poland and ukraine. the liquidation of the warsaw ghetto is under way without

any distinction all jews are led away from the ghetto in groups and short their bodies are used to make fat and their bones to produce fertilizer however the mass executions do not take place in wars or itself but in camps specially prepared for this purpose. a white house on voyage reached out to the vatican asking for the pope's evaluation he wanted to know if the vatican had already received similar information and this is the 12th would agree to take part in a joint protest. to how to. fly in from the holy sea i actually have 2 pieces of information some for the 1st piece of information came from count mouth etsy who had been travelling in ukraine to a concert when he returned he told one teeny the future pope all the $66.00 about the horrors he had seen there taken ill dog what the germans were doing to the jews argument had lasted actually that he would 90. and your mind its widest demand they

have a 2nd and more important report from a unified catholic archbishop and a metropolitan from of a of limbo like who confirmed exactly what the jewish organization said you did organise that xians are so the vatican could actually have answered yes we can confirm that the report is reliable he said did he do it and then. he couldn't view but they didn't they said yes we have also heard these things and yeah but we are not able to verify the truth of these statements. people who have them. why did the vatican give such an answer. the missing piece of the puzzle is perhaps in a recently discovered document a note from a close advisor to the pope once in you angelo della. of the aqua road the american request is crucial. if the information is correct and.

then comes a terrible sentence 4th part of that can you believe jews can always exaggerate followed by the recommendation let's remain politically cautious because if we speak out we take sides and we should be nonpartizan there's a lot of evil parties will. this note helps us to understand why pious the 12th remained silent and did not take part in the allies join to protest against the mass murder of jews. this is the command of the foggy. guitar not involved of course this document alone does not give a reliable answer to the question of what the pope did and why he did it here vulcan because we need a theory of you of all the material in order to be able to give an overall judgment and that anything else would not be credible there any of the fact that after one week we have already found such a key piece of information besides i means that we have to take

a closer look at all the sources if the shadow is to concentrate and you know on these this document must do this after blows this document however makes one element more plausible in for me it in it shows us that the pope was informed about the true extent of the holocaust in autumn $942.00. fundies of it shows us that he knew of this american request to confirm these figures to him again that's not any guitar he did not do so what am i although he had his own sources. these i mean crazy because these sources were not considered reliable by the pope infant and the cardinal secretary of state. probably because dellacqua made them look ludicrous by their lack of isolationalist remarked at. the. highest only broke his silence at the christmas mass in 1942. on that occasion he

condemned all racial persecutions without any specific reference to jews. they only you know. they brought it up we're. going to have to i don't think you're running at the. moment you want to put him in . the news most. of the 12 mentioned those who suffered those who are persecuted and those who suffered in new york because of their nationality religion origin you know the song some. he used the italian terms did pick which does not mean race but describes a line of descent and you in other words he spoke. without referring to jews in particular. since the beginning of the war the pope had received letters from jews in various countries all of whom pleaded for help they

all described the same atrocities. we humbly ask you did you might be so good as to ask his holiness to appeal to the catholic clergy in slovakia to use its influence to stop the terrible deportations immediately. we know exactly how we will die. crammed in under barbed wire mass graves we dig ourselves children thrown in alive the adults stripped naked battered with a club. and into the grave a few bullets fired as an afterthought. escaped. there are an incredible number i'd say thousands of letters from jewish people to the pope that's it much might be trees are often petitions just petitions that say we are in this or that terrible situation to what can you help us to get out. in

other words the pope did not just see the holocaust in abstract numbers but also in very precise individual stories when it's taught us we'll not your list after one week we have only found these letters of petition. but we do not yet know how the holy see reacted in some cases we have found the petition and the refusal and there were no further developments in other cases the holy see tried to help and did help if not to have. this isn't god this is a very large subject and perhaps the most important in the whole archive isn't the hoped. in 1943 the wall reached the gates of the vatican. when rome was heavily bombed by the allies as the 12th left the vatican to pray among the ruins.

shortly after miscellanies regime collapsed and hitler's troops entered italy. rome 2 fell under nazi occupation. the s.s. even made it to some peter's square. and on the 16th of october $943.00 after a raid in the jewish ghetto $1024.00 roman jews were deported to auschwitz. only 16 of them came back. the opening of the archive finally sheds new light on what is the 12th did to protect the jews and what he did not to. look back after his 1000 figure on his own

traditionally the pope has always protected the roman jews do harm if. you now but during the deportation on october the 16th 943 the pope did not utter a word of protest they said they got this wrong as you know ha my gentleman chris is a dumb you have sunk on top you know by not that he did not intervene to stop this deportation i haven't said that but as for. of an evening to argue that charlie tried to act on differ. levels. to start with of he reached out to the german reich some bastard that had the holy say in hiding it would have died 2nd itself to tell him that he stood up for the jews and that vied 2nd should do everything possible to prevent the jews in rome from being persecuted in the domain of the pope you wouldn't hold me in middle bottom bit i.e. the 2nd thing for is that he asked to check which monasteries which churches list

which church institutions was structurally capable of offering shelter to the jews since august so they could effectively hide in their bali that happened in papal buildings as well as in many religious orders to see old sticking to boyden by feuding over them. he did it is after the 3rd thing did not take place there was no loud public protest of protest. the way. we saw it is important to remember that there were about 10000 jews in rome 3 you bay at all at 20 percent of them were placed in vatican institutions for example in the pope's summer residence in castle gandolfo vienna or speak arthel is to put of arctic on it is to clear out a gun in

a bottle because their gun laws for which he can this is what the vatican documents tell us. it would surely. according to one of these documents stored in the yad vashem memorial in israel $4715.00 jews found shelter in the vatican and other catholic institutes during the german occupation of rome. for the chief rabbi of rome. the pope could have done more he could have saved all the roman jews from being deported. she was alter the a cause of you all may know there was a kind of silent agreement. even this that the germans would not carry out such an

operation again so. the news does all of the law but what had already happened was ignored. could listen of out a little bit of it if it does exist and that is unfortunately the reality is that statement there was a discourse and fountains of innocent people were taken to auschwitz immediately illusion. that the auschwitz. she's all done and there are many ways for a pope to make himself heard and he said it was didn't if he had said that the jews should not be touched or for that would have been enough to cause a diplomatic crisis will global. not just double world love we also need to take into account the position that person health facility vision of what i would serve as if a person is the moral head of a community that person must behave accordingly what i would call god for was this moral behavior. that is the question we need to find an answer to.

don't run for president only through other church representatives spoke out. for example the archbishop of to lose monsignor sal years who publicly denounced the deportations in the summer of 1942 causing the vishy government to slow them down considerably so there is one example and the more are needed this from oklahoma an example. confound them degrees when attachment spoke out in public and explicitly denounced anti-semitism and the deportations it had an impact in that specific case i was backed. up caught in a dilemma between silence and denunciation pius opted for the plummeting. he wanted to act in silence. this attitude of the 12 may be due to what had happened in the netherlands in 1942. there the bishops protest had led to

a greater number of deportations. among the victims was the nun edith stein. the converted jewish woman who had appealed to the pope in vain in 1933. in 1998 she was made a saint by john paul the 2nd. bill is written in e-mail. only our idea of marriage to. all you know about the use of either love. being down fathers your the truth you're the. only mediator in either that. or is. it

a. in your there or. in 1944 the allies took grown. past the 12th celebrated the end of the german occupation. a year later the 1st pictures from the death camps were published yet even then pious remained silent about the holocaust. why the archives of the vatican might also provide insight into this. over francis knows how important the past is for the present the church must learn from its errors and examine the consequences of its actions as well as of its silence. the skipped our home put it on so

much we must stand for what is right and at the same time speak up when something is not compatible with christian values the year we enter the year winds of a go it is important to properly defend the values that hold our society together and to ensure that the majority of it is not silent as the. nice trike. over the next few years the historians work will hopefully bring clarity to the figure of the 12th but one thing is certain the church has learned there is no alternative to transparency oh oh. oh oh oh. 00000000000000.

oh oh oh. oh. oh oh pick up. the receiver dog man's head enough. the delicate like and stood guard it was not without consequences. moods much merrier in labor goes in with 4 goals against hoffenheim the rhinelander shoot their way to the top of the table kick off. in 30 minutes on d w. fighting against being for gun and against a denial of the genocide in tripoli. that's haasan one of the churches mission he

was 19 during the mass murders and represented and he survived today he's working to raise awareness about the genocide and to commemorate the victims 25 years after the massacre close on. in 90 minutes on w. right in germany which. any time any place. to sing music video novellas. we have on the back of that is quite the. songs to sing along to download it is to come to you from super. to be. a very good causes for that into

active exercises that are going to be on the d w djoko moustache going to land on facebook in the app store. in german for free with w. this is d w news and these are our top stories the electoral college has confirmed democrat joe biden as the winner of last month's election he now has a majority of the 538 electors who have gathered across the country to formally vote for the next president some states held the event online like nevada. an intensive care nurse at the long island jewish medical center has become the 1st person in the united states to.