they should are. our future depends on what happens here in one of the most fragile ecosystems on earth. northern lights within the arctic circle starts december 21st on w. . welcome to global 3 thousands. in the philippines capital manila smog and traffic jams on the order of the day a transport revolution is urgently needed easier said than done. young female engineers working on a mission to mars not necessarily what you'd expect in the united arab emirates. what is life really like as a refugee we meet

a photographer offering insight into the hopes and the suffering of migrants. coronavirus feels like the only news of 2020 but this year has also seen many millions of people forced to flee their homes figures are not yet out for 2020 but they certainly haven't improved since last year when according to the un's refugee agency 79500000 people were classified as either internally displaced or refugees around 40 percent of them were underwriting. and then paying the pandemic. extensive lockdowns have left many people jobless that's a key reason says the u.n. for many to leave their homes. 2020 also saw the morea camp go up in flames on the greek island of less boss leaving thousands of people homeless. are they doing now what is life really like for migrants in greece.

athens a few days before lockdown end reason i was out and about with his camera. many of the refugees who were sent to the greek mean when after moria camp was razed to the ground have ended up here in victoria square now that they have been granted official refugee status they have been left to fend for themselves or. when people are granted asylum they no longer have any right to receive state aid. they get no kind of financial support anymore and no accommodation. with. the new greek asylum laws have increased the misery of people seeking refuge in europe for years any reason why has been documenting their fates with his camera and much empathy when he was young child to fled with his family from albania to athens

where they lived illegally the prestigious magnum agency photographer has made highlighting migration and the plight of refugees his life's work is and i was there when the blaze broke out at the morea camp on. the crew mama. you know i remember the exhaustion and fear in their eyes but i also saw hope that morio was finally over the hope that things would improve but one of the girls who i have often photographed the 12 year old afghan girl monita organized a protest march on the day after the fire. at 1st only 20 children took part in the march kept swelling in size they all just wanted to get away from the island on an island in the island these are desperate cries for help but the european union remains deeply divided on asylum and migration policy the greeks rushed to build a temporary replacement camp directly by. the scene of the night is one of the few

photojournalists with access to current head day he too is only allowed to work with a police escort and attempt to control the flow of information to the outside world about the catastrophic conditions the accommodation in tents the lack of medical provision food and running water. people wash themselves with seawater. but when the winter comes what should they do then you know him or not. the children are already in a pitiful state. about those. people and yet people continue to have this unbelievable energy for example i saw manager crying in despair when moria was burning and then she really impressed me with her actions 1st she organized the protest and then she established a school again in the new camp and talked the youngest children so. it's

unbelievable how these people managed to keep looking ahead. you might as well be up with the next to give the hernando. 'd flooding the looming winter the coronavirus pandemic what has to happen to meet europe remember its fundamental values. i can't comprehend that we aren't helping these people because we are afraid of more migrants arriving. we have some of the people that we're talking about have been living here for 2 or 3 years already hardly any migrants arrived here last year for. first some year at the photographer is a mainstay including myself from afghanistan this is by this masters will be far fewer than a bomb and when i told her that i would be leaving in a few days she turned around suddenly and said to me will you come and see could buy to us before you leave us up here i almost welled up with tears.

before you leave say goodbye to us is also the working title of a forthcoming photo book a book devoted to the people whose lives he has been documenting since 2015 when the number of migrants arriving in europe reached its high point. the photographer has followed their movements their arrival in germany and sweden in some cases these photos also tell a story a fresh starts after. it was hopeful to see that many of the people who made it as far can stand on their own 2 feet and were able to begin a new life. in athens was and i will continue to record the struggle of the morrill refugees to survive they too should have a chance. why the

wealthy gulf states taking barely any refugees the united arab emirates for example appears to invest it substantial oil revenues in stately buildings vast airports and airlines full prestigious p.r. friendly projects some analysts say many feel as social unrest should the country welcome in too many migrants yet despite such criticisms one thing is changing in the u.a.e. the status of women that's particularly clear in its state funded mosque mission. he is monitoring the progress of the hope spacecraft. it's sipping along at more than 100000 kilometers an hour on course for mars. it's set to go into orbit around the planet in february. pressure rafi is

a chemist and propulsion engineer and also does shift says risk manager in the control room the responsibility is huge but she and the rest of the team are well prepared for unexpected events. losing contact me. we always have contingency plans and face. off nominal situations like you contact. the emirate mars mission is the 1st interplanetary mission by an arab country. why. the hope spacecraft was launched from the tonic gushy must be a center in japan on the 20th of july it was a big moment for the team at mission control in dubai and. the aim of the mission is to gain a complete picture of mars atmosphere clouds gasses and dust storms and thus new insight into the planet's climate dynamics.

the mission also has strategic goals polishing the image of the u.a.e. and inspiring young people to study science it's a conservative society ruled by old men that is still dependent on oil revenues but it wants to go high tech become a knowledge economy and appear liberal. the mohammed bin rashid space center exemplifies this process of transformation it started developing satellites in 2006 with know how and technology acquired from abroad. i'm sure rafi has been working here since she graduated from university she's the spacecraft propulsion subsystem leader on the mars mission it's

a huge venture and adventure with its ups and downs. working with women was something new for most and i wanted the lead mission systems engineer it took some getting used to but now they work together as equals. from the beginning we were used to seeing female engineers working on sides of you know some thick nickel. segments or 6 earth that you know moving only men to interest that female engineers out. the mars mission builds on the success of the space center's earth observation satellite cully 1st set launch talks there but you will be surprised to see them and in 2018 the 1st satellite built entirely in the u.a.e. and mainly by women on the mars mission 80 percent of the scientists are women.

being at the center doesn't become an obstacle course of becoming a mother i'm indeed the mother my son and i do have a kid so it doesn't hold us that way from being and taking care to follow my family's but there is it gives us a chance to contribute to the country that has a lot of support from the center as well supporting us with flex but timing's and also supporting us in terms of giving us the specific leaves when we acquired a. government policy in the u.a.e. stretch of gender equality and to empower all women and girls however 70 percent of the workforce are still men even though there are lots of educated women. who. are. a mere your smell ister of state for advanced science and science lead on the mars mission hiring for the

mission without regard to an old boys' network meant new opportunities for highly qualified women having a small organization a more of a start up culture that is that needs to develop at a very fast rate where the objectives are very challenging you no longer are able to discriminate against people and you have to get the best people to go to fulfill the job. still there's a long way to go until gender equality used to change in many arab countries nonetheless the space center has offered women like i share rafi the opportunity to reach for the stars. and now from space we had back to earth in 2015 there were around 1300000000 vehicles on our planet calls motorbikes buses most of them privately owned forecasted jest that by 2050 this figure could almost

double to more than 2 and a half 1000000000. the rapid rise in vehicles will be felt most in developing countries where absolution is already a huge problem. electric vehicles like these buses in chile own mini vans in kenya will be essential if we're to achieve a proper shift to sustainable transportation e-cards remain the exception in most places that's something that's gradually starting to change in the philippines. more than 13000000 people live in metro manila the air is thick and not just with humidity pollution has long been a problem here according to the world health organization the philippines has an exceptionally high rate of air pollution related deaths postal delivery work. struggles to make his way through this congestion every morning but he's one of the

few people in the city with an emo pen and can travel from a to b. quietly and without creating any emissions he doesn't hear in the past district of manila i would always go by emo kid given the choice. it's quieter and it doesn't pollute the air you also see one gas money. but the other motorbikes around me are really loud i feel much more relaxed on my mo could write something are the guys that it's a lot less stressful martian driving thing i'm a shadow my status. the philippines electric postal fleet is part of a model project that is co funded by the united nations and the philippine energy ministry a total of 30 vehicles. run and a city metro manila wants to become an environmental pioneer and cut traffic congestion with new concepts pasig is one of 10 model cities worldwide.

being promoted with funding from the e.u. and the international climate initiative but it's not that simple and the mare of passing knows just how urgently changes needed. climate change an air pollution there are definitely problems for us globally but. city in the middle of. air pollution is definitely a big problem recently we just completed our greenhouse gas invent 30 we see that air pollution in the city or. are alarming to see the least and we need to do it every week to lower these numbers in the near future. to profit from this switch to elect your mobility base to the south of met german l.-a for 7 years now it has been building a range of electric vehicles including these jeepneys currently motors

still imports all its components from china the vision is actually producing and engineering locally for our local costumers so our mission is to have people enjoy electric vehicles as their mode of transportation for public and private. but the company still relies on support from the philippine government and the european union plus the mobility has yet to properly take off in the country and the technical specifications have yet to be finalized the heart of the whole thing will is the electric battery and we need to get a good mix between the size of the battery and what would be affordable for order for the for the market. at the moment hardly anyone buys electric cars in the philippines for private use. nifty has a start up the bills folding bicycles and originally electric ones too but with

that business proving unprofitable the 2 founders now only upgrade bikes with batteries the parts that. costs seem a soul who will buy a bit to get from china so for a start though it's very difficult to compete specially in such a new market such the. market where it's very price sensitive income at $40.00 is the startups co-founder he and his team make standard folding bikes he's a cycling enthusiast and keen to contribute to efforts to reduce traffic congestion our cities were not designed to all other modes of transportation specially it will not die plate that i support the sean ones so. if you're see if these not for bicycle use electric bicycles would also be challenging. let your mobility comes at

a high price it's still too expensive for most people and it also hasn't gained widespread acceptance among the population according to the marriage passed sake nevertheless the desire for a cleaner and more environmentally friendly city is growing so well with the people we talked to like to see 30 years from now. i hope that congestion will have eased by 2050 particularly if more people use electric vehicles whether they're motorbikes bicycles or cars i hope they'll be more of them because it will improve traffic stop. 2050 over the city where. all modes of transportation are not just accepted but widely used. where privately goes do not dominate the routes the vehicles are not by the people but instead you by the service and without a strong urge on smart solutions you were in the mobility police major role.

in 25th i hope that metro when it embraces cycling as an infrastructure as a way for people to move around you know you have by means here the people around the different cities covered with trees. and it's a vision that seems a world away from the current congested reality of manila by 2050 up to 23000000 people will live in the region making the need for a new ability concepts all the more pressing. now we had from bustling manila to rural south africa there are many people would love to have more options for getting around. kids and teenagers here often find it challenging even getting to school. all reports a uni i yaquis met members of an ngo who were kicking children out with 2nd hand bites the sting the lives of many near the coastal town of margate.

as a child who starts the day with a very long walk to school it takes almost an hour to get there. she lives in kwazulu-natal province in south africa and if the east coast. i have to. call. toll on the way is a really long. there's no public transport around her children often a rifle a school or just don't go she goes to include primary school the deputy principal says a number of issues need to be addressed and this problem of late coming as it is or the other and this is that is the issue that driving and they that is girls walking on the road and this program of crime nor the crimes of the graveyard has that

problem or. a few kilometers away is the base of an ngo that wants to solve the transportation problem for poor local children not iraq's most i am to my son gave me and some part of the team of sweet bike their own loading 400 and 72nd hand bikes recently delivered from switzerland they'll go to kids at various schools in the area around market 140 kilometers south of durban so basically when a new concern arrives it's very i feel like a small child who's about to open like a park and it's really like this is the change that complaining to the country doesn't have a feeling that i get when you know our lives really quickly. sweet by got going are still here and there's already provided more than $1800.00 bicycles to schools each one 1st has to be assembled and tested at the sweet bike workshop the project depends on donations. depending on how much money comes in something and the team

buy an import up to several containers full each year. because that 19 pandemic has meant delays and deliveries recently 3 trying to squeeze everything in before the closing of the schools for the festive season which is a bit stressful at the moment but will manage the workshop has 5 trainee mechanics . is in charge here together they process about 40 bikes a day vocational training is another core element of sweet bikes mission. the aim is to enhance skills and create jobs and new opportunities and bicycle assembly path and distribution but our idea is at the end of the year to equip them we have enough skills so they can either open their own workshop or be placed in

a job that unity in the field we try and teach not only to think of it as mechanics but also maybe selling bikes some of the trainees already have plans for when they complete the course in future would lead to. bicycles and certainly to all out to all round areas because there's not much transport so they can use bicycles. some foreigner and a younger muslim gamey are going to visit a friend in former training. he lives in a village a few kilometers away. supermom close in amr completed the course a year ago. he now runs a bike workshop in his house.

sweet bike gave him a starter set of tools. he thought a lot of schoolchildren would come to have their bikes looked at but the pandemic and lockdown meant schools were closed and few actually showed up still businesses not bad. i'm getting more. and so all the guys you know they can come just a few weeks they are the bicycle. the next morning back at sweet bike it's time to distribute a bunch of newly assembled and tested bikes before schools close for the christmas holidays in mid december. these spikes of 4 include primary school. progress is slow on the unpaved road. i think.

the children are excited about the bikes. especially as a child. for her it had been a long wait time they can hear a fellow like help get a bike but i don't get it. i thought maybe it could come again when it happens. to happen. before the kids can set off on their bikes they get safety training for some riding a bike is an entirely new experience. now i have my own time spots i can all i want. it's an easy something that. balancing on 2 wheels takes a little practice but to steal a child who is keen to learn and would like nothing more than to cycle to school the very next day hard. work.

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the be . news live from a barren land with several countries beginning mass vaccination campaigns against the coronavirus the question remains where it will start europe. health minister says he's contradicted by on tech pfizer vaccines will be up for the 4th christmas european regulators are under pressure to get out that also coming up. to us senate majority leader mitch mcconnell becomes the.