minute which marvin headed home you know that was his 4th goal of the campaign and most of any defender in the bundesliga one puts in 5th place right behind court. you're watching david you news live from berlin doc film is up next with a film about the opening of a secret vatican files related to the pope pius and if there's. a much nicer thanks for watching. can you hear me now on last year's return you and i had last year's german chancellor and we'll bring you an angle our mascot and you've never had to have surprise yourself with what is possible who is magical really what moves and want also to talk to people from fallujah along the way maurice and critics might join

us for michael's last stop. hope francis has set out to herald a new era for the catholic church. an era of transparency. now he has opened the vatican archives and given access to pius the twelve's files one of the most controversial pontiffs in history. pious the 12th remained silent as millions of jews were killed by the nazi regime. because of his silence some called him hitler's pope. others pious the 12th was a saint who secretly saved the lives of thousands of jews finally the vatican files about. highest the 12 are fully accessible and can shed new light on his silence

during the holocaust the time for truth has come. rome 2nd of march 2020. on this day the documents from the papacy of pius the 12th were declassified. and. millions of files from 939958 kept secret in the vatican for decades. are finally accessible to mr chance and historians. german historian who would voice was one of the 1st to look at the documents.

busiest of us i live in a trilogy made in the 1st thing that everyone naturally associates with the vatican secret archives as the war is of course dan brown's novel some kind of a medically sealed glass cubes in which archivists regulate the oxygen supply from outside he can absolute nonsense the vatican archive is not kind of like any other . obvious ones i tried to get although we have actually been working regularly in the vatican archives for 20 years now on because it was of course something special of our going to because one simply has a whole range of questions of the pops from the what did the pope know about the mass murder of jews when he adding info who informed him had it if you believe what he was told him because he didn't. hope francis had announced his decision one year earlier. a kitchen an abode

a lesson for you. it would leave them out of the pew i'm in you might be you queen on the stairs of indonesia then maybe slowly up through your feet where you reject god only with a look at the monument. and their thought merely is director of the vatican news outlet and one of them in closest to the holy father. according to him this decision reveals francis is commitment to a transparent church. like years on a border that i really doubt the church does not fear the truth because pope francis holds firm to this principle story let us also consider the great scandal the struggle against abuse he has insisted the baby full transparency by in his decision to open the archives can be seen in this light.

since his election pope francis is mission has been to restore credibility to an institution suffering from sexual and financial scandals. pope francis's choice was to open the doors of the church. there should be no more room for secrecy in the vatican. 'd even inconvenient truths have to be confronted in public. the opening of the art. as was big news as pious the 12th is still

a matter of heated discussion between catholics and jews across the world. on from pop culture france decision to open the so-called secret files of pope pius the 12th is certainly an encouraging sign is house talk for counts build on than later one can revisit the question of a possible beatification and then jointly recognize yes this was a man who really did do all that he could there be or become that he was a pope who perhaps could have done more done things differently yet should have acted via or could have acted differently around the zone in order missing. ice the 12th reputation started to become controversial in the 1960 s. when a theater play the deputy exposed the pope silenced during the the holocaust. as

international protests broke out then pope paul the 6th decided to make thousands of documents from the 2nd world war period public. for many historians though this collection was incomplete. and pious the 12th has remained a mystery. pius the 12th was born in $876.00 under the name genuine chile. at the age of 23 he entered the priesthood. after rising swiftly in the curia in 1917 but chile became the pope's ambassador in munich. church historian stefan some ascii studied the exchange of letters between the vatican also known as the holy sea and its representatives in germany. many of

these letters were written by the future pius the 12th. when the celli came to move area he obviously came to a catholic state and yours welcomed very joyfully and warmly as if. however the political situation was at the end of 1900 beginning of 1901 so exactly what the celli did not want. toit. in 1918 the 1st world war came to an end defeated the german empire collapsed and that made the turmoil the socialists tried to seize power the situation was particularly tense in munich with a chilly lived the socialist republic was proclaimed its direct he was directly attacked by representatives of the socialist republic and munich they came to the vatican embassy and wanted to confiscate his car schlock no. you. know they killed communism was he knew about communism from his studies in you that

communism is not compatible with catholic teachings but above all he knew communism from this experience in munich they put a gun to my head my life was in danger and they created total chaos. in 1925 cheli was transferred to berlin. in the capital you negotiated a contract on relations between. state and church with the german government the right. producers the steam puppets and dance noise suddenly it was a whole new political system what had been a monarchy now became a republic context and in this context the relationship between church and state had to be completely reorganized noise is concerned holiday regulations universities training of priests was speared on as it touched all areas that had to

be regulated between church and state. father complete is probably one of the few living witnesses who has personal memories of the teles time in germany. i personally met the future pope pius the 12th for the 1st time when i was very young well when i was 6 or 7 years old. to me he exchanged a few words with me you know later i got to know him and i noticed that an aura of spirituality and when i did from him that i had never seen with other people like him midge i dealt with other pope's 2 private audiences with all the 6 john paul the 2nd i'm john the 2030 dollars and so on john and they were all great men and important personalities and good people but i must honestly say that nobody made

such an impression on me as pius the 12. years as live. for many years father advocated for the beatification of the 12 in the course of this process he had a unique opportunity to look at the secret documents in the vatican archives as well and i was in those days during the 2nd world war thousands of letters arrived at the vatican they were answered whenever possible interest me. he was not someone who made easy choices it was before making a decision people always wanted to study a problem from all sides so as not to make a mistake so he was careful and that was right that's good his course. the process of making past the 12th saint was started in 1965 all that is missing

to finalize it is proof of the miraculous healing as required by the regulations. pope francis has announced that the process is on hold. electros said the church in my up at. the moment i mean for my thought. in this for me that. meant energy and i mean i've got you know beyond that i don't know if they're mentally you know. an even bigger obstacle to pass the 12th beatification is the control of the sea over his relationship with the nazi regime. this began in the 1930 s. back then a chile was appointed state secretary the most powerful man in the vatican after the pope. at the

same time germany was witnessing the rise of the national socialist party and its leader at all for hitler. bug in your pajamas at 1st you're doing your part surely knew nothing about hitler even wrote to his colleague in the vatican ambassador in vienna as we asked him for information about the hitler youth and he took a certain headlock it lived he also never met hitler in person back then he did not see hitler as a great danger no. cause if you fast. in january 933 hitler became german chancellor. just one month later after the burning of the price tag the persecution of german jews began. in april

a jewish woman named edith stein wrote a letter to the poke that historians found in the vatican archives years ago. it is stein i did stein a jewish woman with an advanced philosophical education turned to the pope with an urgent request made an opening in a bitter enemy that she asked him to speak out publicly and loudly against the persecution of the jews and therefore we should keep in mind that edith stein was jewish and she had converted to catholicism is from contradicts this myth we now know from by chelas note that this letter from edith stein was actually presented to the power of people believe they did standing perhaps waiting for unique god just. you. all of us who are faithful children of the

church and who look at the conditions in germany with open eyes feel the worst for the reputation of the church if this silence lasts much longer. than i get i'm told. do i need to share and then there was a reply which is actually embarrassing. upped but shelley rode to be our chap who had presented the letter to the holy father. he had seen it and offered his encouragement and gave the papal blessing want. but request no mention. in hardly mists. the historian at their core forces in rome is researching the relationship between jews and catholics at that time nina the report me object if i want to but she really did the better his main concern was the protection of the catholics and the

catholic church in a nazi germany for the vatican jewish problems were not a priority. there. today pope francis is received with open arms by the jewish community. as his predecessors have done before him francis calls the jewish people older brothers. i mean need in this that . they've. seen where they have. been given the only thing known. for. the sin you know. the bishop of effort was appointed by the german conference of bishops to improve relationships between catholics and jews according to him in the 1930 s.

many in the catholic clergy were not immune to anti semitism. was in government i was skiing we have to assume that in the thirty's and probably most catholics were guided by the principle that jews did not recognize the messiah let's go to you wouldn't miss the allegation that they were responsible for jesus's death on the cross was also common or to steal and we know that there were many sermons that repeated this. and these as in how it's the given part. determined to gain the majority in parliament hitler tried to secure the support of the catholics. not a lot of a deal with even a biden brit being called back all a bit to the back door that i don't know about a pope but. shortly afterwards hitler offered the vatican the agreement on which but chile had been working since the 1920 s. the concordant. the vatican accepted.

himself signed the pact with a future fear around. its volatility of course that was a huge triumph for hitler because his regime was not trusted by the rest of the world it. and the 1st international treaty hitler ever made was a treaty with the holy see is the forgot me to hide so if the ultimate moral authority the holy see makes a treaty with this regime then other countries can legitimately do it as well and the limbo. for years earlier in 1929 the vatican had already signed a similar agreement with fascist italy and its dictator benito mussolini was a blessing of a large part of the local clergy. diplomatic

relations between the holy see and fascist regimes other field of expertise of professor my tail luigi a police. chief. the majority of the italian clergy supported the fascist regime for she's the. young man as it were not equivocal mclaren. but i think any priest at fault for their country and their youth and i'm going to model and felt like a patriotic priests. join too. but i think part of the article. also at that time many in the catholic clergy saw fascism as a lesser evil in comparison to the real enemy communism. an atheist ideology the promise to overthrow the social system which the church had been representing

centuries. by the facts of reality fresh i realised quite quickly how the situation in soviet russia escalated dog persecutions of the clergy occurred in that area not only the orthodox church was persecuted before priests priests were arrested void churches were closed because the faithful were harassed and church prop. he was confiscated that is also happened to the catholic church issues. however as hitler gained more control over the german population he also began to target the church the few who wanted to impose naziism as the only national religion and. hitler grew up in a catholic environment in austria and paid church taxes until he died in fact he even took inspiration from catholicism for nazi symbols and rituals. it was 1st in

your twenty's of he was fascinated by this hierarchical structure of the catholic church or perhaps at the top the pope on the other side the future is of the top well he had a certain fascination with the church but in fact he had nothing at all to do with it it was a church it was his opponent. over the years the catholic bishops of germany increasingly rejected nazi policies there were protests. disk up and there there was a claire rejection of national socialism was in the this was essentially a rejection of racism has the same of euthanasia. and also the attempt to build a new nazi religion but in for us all and annoy you and it's not so large as those most of to bone. was on us but over the ship of mr

clemens when garland allen was particularly important in this regard because he protested very strongly against euthanasia is also strongly that the national socialists ended this policy in the town. one gallon and the other german bishops denounced violations of the concord and asked the vatican for an official protest. sure you sure wouldn't hoped you wouldn't if a catholic schools were no longer allowed to board as they were actually closed even though it was a breach of the concord a there was no more pastoral care in prisons. only military chaplaincy continue to exist when were agreements were simply suspended well they were not implemented and there was no point is that it was not effective to invoke the terms of the concord . that did not achieve anything. as at least specific. pope pius the 11th wrote

a letter to the german faithful and in cyclical that was raised in old german touches on palm sunday in 1937. as it was when least denominate called the encyclical was originally called with great concern i just want to make it clear that the holy see was concerned about the situation this persecution of the catholic church in germany voted on for this title was then personally changed by put shelley who made it a bit sharper and he chose a stronger adjective on the burning of anand's so the title began with burning concern to emphasise once again how seriously the holy see was taking the situation in germany long. time to the nazis were outraged times names because they only found out about it after this text was read out from all the pulpits in all legitimate churches at 9

o'clock in the morning extra less involved. but this and cyclical have no lasting effect. i cannot say that this was a change in the tactics of the struggle becomes to i would say it was like a flash in the pan so it didn't go any further it was give done before to. pass the 11th actually wrote an insuperable to condemn the anti semitic laws enacted by hitler and mussolini but this letter was never published and it is unclear if by chile stopped publication. a mystery that can be solved only once the research in the vatican archives is completed. in february 939 is the 11th died and a chilly was elected to some peter's throne. was.

he chose for himself the name of pius the 12th in our march to his predecessor. by channel e. when charlie was elected pope. it was very concerned most profitable part of. shelters the more the son in law galley absolute channel gave us evidence of this. and that's germany's reaction is also interesting and no less disturbing new mineral broke apart. from germany ice ice cold silence they made it clear you are not our poll if we are not necessarily happy you will have become pop the pops just. as the 12th had been elected pope only 6 months before hitler ordered the invasion of poland and the 2nd world war broke out only to look back. at the pope as head of the vatican

a micro state without an army that hardly had the means to really oppose hitler the vatican could use the. clemency and charity diplomacy. for biographers of pius the 12th the 2nd world war period remains a mystery. many questions are still unanswered. first when did the pope find out about the extermination of the jews. for one week professor valve and his team were able to search the archives for an answer to this question. then the corona crisis broke out and the research had to be interrupted but in that 1st week they found documents that offer a revealing insight. in the summer of 942 us

president roosevelt received a letter from a jewish agency containing information on the mass murder of jews in poland and ukraine. the liquidation of the warsaw ghetto is under way without any distinction all jews are led away from the ghetto in groups and short their bodies are used to make fat and their bones to produce fertilizer however the mass executions do not take place in warsaw or itself but in camps specially prepared for this purpose. a white house on voice reached out to the vatican asking for the pope's evaluation he wanted to know if the vatican had already received similar information and if pires the 12th would agree to take part in a joint protest. fly in from the holy sea i actually have 2 pieces of information strung for the 1st piece of information came from

count. who had been travelling in ukraine to account when he returned he told monte any the future pope all the 66 about the horrors he had seen their dog what the germans were doing to the jews argument had last you dodged and you wouldn't. and your mind its widest demand they have a 2nd and more important report from a unified catholic archbishop and metropolitan from of a of limbo like who confirmed exactly what the jewish organization said you did organise that xians are so the vatican could actually have answered yes i we can confirm that the report is reliable did he do it lensed he couldn't view but they didn't they said yes we have also heard these things and yeah but we are not able to verify the truth of these statements. why did the vatican give such an answer. the missing piece of the puzzle is perhaps in a recently discovered document a note from

a close advisor to the pope once in you angelo della. of the aqua road the american request is crucial. if the information is correct and. then comes a terrible sentence forced by the thoughts can you believe jews always exaggerate followed by the recommendation that let's remain politically cautious because if we speak out we take sides and we should be nonpartizan your thought. this note helps us to understand why the 12th remained silent and did not take part in the allies join to protest against the mass murder of jews. does this document of the foggy. parts guitar not involve of course this document alone does not give a reliable answer to the question of what the pope did and why he did it evolve because

we need a 3rd review of all the material in order to be able to give an overall judgment and that anything else would not be credible there in that the fact that after one week we have already found such a key piece of information besides i means that we have to take a closer look at all the sources it's a shoulder to concentrate and you know on these this document must do this after blows you blow this document however makes one element more plausible in 4 milt in it shows that the pope was informed about the true extent of the holocaust in autumn $942.00. fundies of it shows us that he knew of this american request to confirm these figures to have it again that's not any time he did not do so what am i although he had his own sources. these i mean train because these sources were not considered reliable by the pope infant and the cardinal secretary of state.

probably because dellacqua made them look ludicrous by their lack of isolationalist you must tut. only broke his silence at the christmas mass in 1942. on that occasion he condemned all racial persecution without any specific reference to jews. b.b. i think you know i. thought i. thought if you have to i don't think you're already in other. words you want people to mean. to do so. how does the 12 mention those who suffered those who are persecuted and those who suffered in you or because of their nationality religion or origin you know the song some. he used the italian term still pick which does not mean race but describes a line of descent you in other words he spoke with rudely without referring to jews

in particular. since the beginning of the war the pope had received letters from jews in various countries all of whom pleaded for help they all described the same atrocities. we humbly ask you that you might be so good as to ask his holiness to appeal to the catholic clergy in slovakia to use its influence to stop the terrible deportations immediately. we know exactly how we will die. crandon on the barbed wire mass graves we take ourselves children thrown in alive the adults stripped naked battered with a club. and into the grave a few bullets fired as an afterthought. escaped.

there are an incredible number i'd say thousands of letters from jewish people to the pope that's it months might be trees are often petitions just petitions that say we are in this or that terrible situation can you help us to get out just as the pubs in other words call the pope did not just see the holocaust in the abstract numbers but also in very precise individual stories when it's taught us we'll not after one week we have only found these letters of petition. but we do not yet know how the holy see reacted in some cases we have found the petition and the refusal and there were no further developments in other cases the holy see tried to help and did help if not how the. this isn't god this is a very large subject and perhaps the most important in the whole archive isn't as you the hoped. in

1943 the wall reached the gates of the vatican. when rome was heavily bombed by the allies as the 12th left the vatican to pray among the ruins. shortly after mostly nice regime collapsed and hitler's troops entered italy. rome 2 fell under nazi occupation. the s.s. even made it to some peter's square. and on the 16th of october $943.00 after a raid in the jewish ghetto $1024.00 roman jews with a quarter to auschwitz. only 16 of them came back.

the opening of the archive finally sheds new light on what is the 12th did to protect the jews and what he did not to. be about half an israelite in figure on his own traditionally the pope has always protected the roman jews do harm if. you not but during the deportation on october the 16th $943.00 the pope did not utter a word of protest this of the prophet strong as you know ha mike young actresses are dumb and you have sunk on top you know by not that he did not intervene to stop this deportation for auditing so that both us from. of even in to work you can actually try to act on differ. levels by him to start with he reached out to the german reich some bastard that had the holy say in hiding it would have died 2nd itself to tell him that he stood up for the jews and

that vied 2nd should do everything possible to prevent the jews in rome from being persecuted in the domain of the pope you wouldn't in the whole mean middle bottom but the 2nd thing for 4 is that he asked to check which monasteries which churches list which church institutions were structurally capable of offering shelter to the jews since august so they could effectively hide in their polish that happened in papal buildings as well as in many religious orders proceeded stephen to boyden by feeding odin. he did it is after the 3rd thing did not take place there was no public protest of a protest. before it is important to remember that there were about 10000 jews in rome that you bay

at all a 20 percent of them were placed in vatican institutions for example in the pope's summer residence in castle gandolfo vienna or speak arthel is to put a vatican on it basically about gannett battle because their gun laws for which he can this is what the vatican documents tell us. according to one of these documents stored in the yad vashem memorial in israel $4715.00 jews found shelter in the vatican and other catholic institutes during the german occupation of rome. for the chief rabbi of rome because. the pope could have done more he could have saved all the roman jews from being deported.

she was ordered to be our cause don't kill me no there was a kind of silent agreement. even this that the germans would not carry out such an operation again so. the news does all of this john wall's a lot but what had already happened was ignored. it could result of out of a bit of a defiant as it is that that is unfortunately the reality was that statement that was the discourse in thousands of innocent people were taken into auschwitz immediately. there is a loss that the auschwitz. she's all done there are many ways for a pope to make himself heard and he said it was demons if he had said that the jews should not be touched of war that would have been enough to cause a diplomatic crisis in the global. north just out of all the love we also need to take into account the position that person health facility

a vision of what i would serve as if a person is the moral head of a community that person must behave accordingly will give good order for was this moral behavior. that is the question we need to find an answer to. that obama has not only views on through other church representatives spoke out for example the archbishop of to lose all seniors the years publicly denounced the deportations in the summer of $942.00 causing the vishy government to slow them down considerably so there is one example and the more i really did this from oklahoma an example. confound them degrees when a clergyman spoke out in public and explicitly denounced anti-semitism and the deportations it had an impact in that specific case i was back. caught in a dilemma between silence and an unseen sion. opted for the play missy. he wanted

to act in silence. this attitude of the 12 may be due to what had happened in the netherlands in 1942. there the bishop's protest had led to a greater number of deportations. among the victims was the nun edith stein. the converted jewish woman who had appealed to the coke in vain in 1933. in 1908 she was made a saint by john paul the 2nd. you measure it a 1000000 baggage enough. worley was our idea of marriage to. all you know are the you know the you know love. been down all the others your the

straight you're the. only mediator than either that. or is. it a. in your scenario. in 1944 the allies took grown. past the 12th celebrated the end of the german occupation. a year later the 1st pictures from the death camps were published yet even then pious remained silent about the holocaust. why the archives of the vatican might also provide insight into this.

pope francis knows how important the past is for the present the church must learn from its errors and examine the consequences of its actions as well as of its silence. this good government put it onto a marquee we must stand for what is right and at the same time speak up when something is not compatible with christian values the year the winds are very good it is important to properly defend the values that hold our society together and to ensure that the majority of it is not silent as the. trike. over the next few years they story and work will hopefully bring clarity to the figure of the 12th but one thing is certain the church has learned there is no alternative to transparency. oh.

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your. 30 minutes one w. . born. in the far north. beyond the inhabitable world. it's lonely. barren and breathtakingly beautiful. arctic. to take a journey around the north pole meet profiteers and talk with people experiencing a changing environment. for the ice disappears earlier and it keeps retreating our future depends on what happens here of the most fragile ecosystems on earth.

northern lights within the arctic circle starts december 21st. this is. from berlin closing down for a pandemic christmas. with less than a week to go before the holiday celebrations countries across europe administrations to reduce corona virus infections also coming up the pop legend who composed under lockdown.