covered and i we couldn't read your blog the show is called spectrum if you would like and the information on the coronavirus or any other science topic you should really check out our podcast you can get it wherever you get your pod cast can also find us and dot com forums for science in. india greenlights to corona virus vaccines for the public but was the decision too rushed that's what some critics say pointing out clinical trials have not rap for at least one of the approved drugs and being smaller has its advantages how these home bound cooks in delhi turned their limited operations into big business during the pendennis. plus you may think you know this spice but it's likely you've never tasted the real thing why lovers of was sobbing it want to reintroduce it to the world.

i'm melissa chan welcome to news asia we're glad you could join us india has approved 2 coronavirus vaccines the astra zeneca oxford one and a 2nd vaccine called kovacs in developed locally by bharat biotech production facilities in the country will manufacture both jabs prompting a triumphant prime minister narendra modi to comment in a twitter post that it makes every indian proud not all indians feel as excited though with some experts expressing concern over the government's lack of transparency and for its authorization of kodak's in which is still in clinical trials the general public reflects that ambivalence with a recent survey showing that 69 percent of indians are in no rush to be 1st in line . everybody's saying if it has them any fade effect. it might

have some type of thank you they're not good for you. to learn that if they are then you'll hear the other that in the full. effect we're not going to lie for. our vendor vincent gave them the printed i'm ready i'm ready to take a thought and. get it as soon as it arrives it means safety for us faction nation is safe for our buddies and if i don't get it because of what other people say and i can try covert 19 whom does it affect it affects me anon to buy a researcher in bioethics and global health policy and has been following india's vaccine development plans closely he joins me from in india not what should people know about the 2 vaccines that will soon be available in the country so thank you for having me so we have 2 accidents which are currently court approval under emergency use conditions one is court is court which is manufactured by the sedum

institute this is. actually which is licensed from astra zeneca oxford and is basically the same maxine except that it's been produced in india and this for this vaccine the data which has come through is based on. missions from the u.k. mentality and some bridging studies which have happened in india the 2nd maxine is a domestically research to work seen from a lot of biotech where they didn't council of medical research and this is a back scene which has been entirely developed within the country and has gotten to face the if because the studies ongoing but has received special permission to be allowed to be allowed to be marketed or for to make response this special permission is interesting tell us about the regulatory body charged with making these approvals they must be under tremendous pressure to greenlight the drugs. you know well i think there's a lot of expectation about vaccines obviously being a key part of the response and i think almost in all countries you've seen this

that there is a great expectation about the vaccine the same here in india as well i directed a great artist called the siddhis called the center a drug standards control organization and the person heading it is called the drug control general of india and they are the body which are in charge of drug issues and roxanne's as well and you know so they have had a subject expert committee which met on the 1st and 2nd of january and then made a recommendation which that a creator has accepted and they were not put these to work seems now to be used for for the pandemic response as i said you know they want to put in some specific language to conditions because what would of these vaccines a lot of the studies are still ongoing and the full data sets are not yet completely liberal and so there is some concern about maybe doing the decision too soon in the absence of those data sets we know will have a lot at least publicly communicated and transparently available we are hoping that that information will be released soon and we've seen this in many countries where

the top leader who is not a scientist badly wants a deliverable to show the public do we see the same thing happening with prime minister modi you're talking a lot about ongoing clinical trials should we be comfortable should people in india be comfortable with these decisions the government is making. well i don't know about the politics behind the decisions you know i look at it from other certain a science angle from for my personal perspective what is important is that all of these decisions need to be based on sound data in sound science and then sound regulatory decision making and that is the right questions all of us are asking you know if the vaccine is ready to be used and if that is adequately to support that then we will all be celebrating its usage but we would also all want to be transparently communicated a good model of that is the u.s. have the decision making process which was like god so that everyone could have access to the information the discussions the questions of how to pick ations as in

that's a good model to emulate right now at a time of a pandemic when everything is being exploited and on by and thank you so much for joining us thank you for. so within your just this weekend of proving to vaccines it will be some time before most of the 1300000000 people will receive the jab which means the pandemic will continue to run its course and restrictions on life will linger on in india like in so many places lockdowns have hit the restaurant industry hard but that's led to a boom in home cooking which in some cases has become a home business as reports. god has always found comfort in beacon as in india architect numbers and science makes sense to her as does the precision of the new readers and baking dimes she's glad she left her job as an architect 4 years ago to set up home because as simple as

buy because it's made 2020 so your design by the pandemic a fantastic one i think because of it being from home because if it means produced by only one posting only one costing the starting level of shots that plants have with us i actually managed to grow my business to 40 and if not more customers love god he calls her naughty and nice alcohol biscuits on the one hand and foods that big diet do destructions and do a count on the other. her new clients are purely tang's to what instagram page i'm bored of my god he acknowledges it hasn't been easy. from working 12 to 14 hour days to scrambling to find used supplies ran out during india's lockdown. but she can't hire help in the kitchen yet because more hands on deck could mean more exposure if things get better in 2021 door she hopes to expand put the move one.

to someone and her daughter nicole have had a fantastic 2020 do they run the food delivery service mood and any named after an ever changing menu inspired by whatever is in the mood to cook because of my loves the kitchen and had always wanted to do something with food do years ago she launched moved on instagram that nicole's help cooking dishes from her childhood influenced by cuisines from the boot on and tibet. mood started as a once a week after india's lockdown though spiking demand has meant the now also 5 days of to me orders have multiplied for a $54.00. because it's job has been updating instagram and charging the customers she love sharing good reviews be deceived because. nicole says mood has been ted

a beauty making the months fly by in a year where she hasn't left since early march it was just a huge blessing because you know we found something we were able to do something that kept us busy that you know reach for the productive you didn't really miss the outside world and i think some days in that kitchen you almost even forget everything that is happening is happening you know it's just we're just a little food with more than nicole and christmassy be found this week 142020 and on tuesday looking to expand their fresh food output nicole does have some ideas the frozen foods as one and therefore peel of meat because another. last year was overwhelmingly eventful for the do and it will set the tone 420211 of gratitude and enjoy the love for good food. let's keep talking about good food the plant behind me may seem unfamiliar but for anyone who

likes japanese sushi you've had the green paste that pairs with or at least you think you've had with because most of the time what restaurants call was sabi is actually in imitation of the real thing which is very expensive the price makes sense once you've had a look at its production. a showcase of sushi that almost complete the master stroke a swipe of with saudi but this isn't the neon green paste most of familiar with it's the real deal pale green with a hint of hate. for me we use was sabi as it not only masks the smell of the royal fish but heightens its flavor and also has antibacterial properties. even in japan real with sabi is not a common fare it's too expensive for most diners this chic sushi joint spends around $600.00 euros a month for its supply. the high price because it was something is so difficult to

grow the conditions have to be just right the delicate route requires a year round bath of crystal clear water chilled to around $10.00 degrees each crop needs up to 18 months to mature shooter we don't use fertilizer as was sabi relies on minerals and oxygen brought by the water running down from mt to muggy your. most was sabi farmers sell their harvest to high end restaurants but during the pandemic many hospitality clients have had to cut back on the luxury route so it was sabi growers are on the hunt for a new market. weaponry that are not that there through our products that we hope to make was sabino not just as a spice or a supporting role but as a leading role. they wouldn't have acted at that i'll go just to give a bit more excitement to was savvy and to make it popular both in japan and

a brought by. the way it's high price may be a barrier for some for some big growers hope they can convince a host of new customers to continue turning their spicy green route into gold. that's it for today. there's always more on dot com for slash asia and check us out on facebook or twitter as well and we hope your 2021 is getting off to a good start to leave you with a look at new year's celebrations at the lucky world aquarium in seoul south korea that took place largely underwater we're back tomorrow see you then goodbye. now does.

the fight against the coronavirus tend to have a. has the rate of infection been developing what does the latest research say. information and context the coronavirus update 19. on t.w. . guy and on game did you know that 17 through them land on them or killed worldwide sure so that we can be tough but

it's not just be animals little suffering it's the environment we went on in germany to find ways out of the nutrition if you want to know how one cliff to the priest and the culture has changed as we think this listen to our podcast on the green fence. empty classrooms and empty playgrounds and nursery schools. it's pretty much the same picture around the world. to curb the number of coronavirus infections schools and kindergartens remain shut. when can they open again and if so under what conditions that's the question most parents ask. children need an education but they also need to be protected from the virus a difficult balancing act. welcome to our carbonite in special and d.-w.

news i'm monica jones and berlin good to have you with us it's 2021 and the pandemic still dictates our life and that of our children of course now there's talk of prolonging the lockdown again no school no kindergarten but our kids really at risk a recent study implies yes they are. children are generally not considered to be driving the spread of the corona virus but researchers in munich analyzed blood samples from $12000.00 children and what they found has the more it. may have been can know the school will examine children for antibodies against the corona virus and we found that around 6 times as many children have had the infection as would have been expected so. these. you see in his study shows us that children definitely do get infected and that they can take the infection home with

them now how was it conan that so many of the samples from the children tested positive came as a surprise to professor siegel who headed the study she thinks that in many cases the children only had mild symptoms or none at all so the infection wasn't detected so next sunday in the 1st we had no idea what the rate of an e. tekton cases was but now we see that it 6 times higher that can reflect the fact that children tended not to be tested as often so the number of cases was underestimated and yes we can get side on to shots. that children often don't get tested is something this father experienced. when covert 19 broke out in his son's daycare center it was mainly the educators who got tested the children were just sent home to quarantine. concerns on this move to have to say that i was consigned to court so we decided to play it safe and have the children

and ourselves tested so as to have certainty. if. it turned out that both his children had indeed been infected even though they exhibited no symptoms. nevertheless the local health authority didn't have all the other children in the daycare center tested you're going to house them back says it should have. hulda's phone calls was on the stairs because it was a big mistake not to test the children apart from my 2. i was basically the only one in quarantine by the phone or the parents of the 90 other children continue to go to work. and how they may have spread the disease without knowing it by the truck owners through this and. another thing house them back can't understand is that although adults are being told to not meet up in their free time in the daycare center all the children are in one big group rather than in small groups.

of course not every risk can be eliminated says professor siegler who carried out the munich study but she says that if the government wants to keep schools and daycare centers open as long as possible they have to institute stricter hygiene rules. on always we have to assume that children definitely also get this disease and i think that we have to take more precautionary measures in schools and daycare centers. and the same rules smaller groups social distancing hygiene ventilation should apply there too. just like everywhere else if only because children also contribute to the spread of the infection. so that means that at present that hearing to strict hygiene rules and carrying out more covert tests in suspected cases is probably the best way to keep infections in

day care centers to a minimum. and for more i'm joined now by donna father professor at the department of microbiology and immunology at columbia university and she's also the co-author of an article on distinct antibody response is to sars kind of 2 in children and adults across the covert $900.00 clinical spectrum and she conducted a study called children's untrained immune response. seems to be key to eliminating sars cove 2 a lot to talk about here and that would be the very 1st question so from what we've heard. children infected with the risk of 2 they often don't show any symptoms why is that well there could be 2 main reasons for that one is that the virus just doesn't infect as well so there might be something about the cells in the respiratory track of children that are different that just don't allow as productive of infection so we still don't know whether that might be

a reason and the other is that the children mount a very effective mineral bust immune response and are able to clear the virus before they get severe symptoms and i mean a child's immune system still has to learn a lot as opposed to an adult if i understand it correctly and my t. cells seem to play a key role here kids a better equipped it seems like is that. well children are designed to respond to new pathogens because they have a whole arsenal of t. cell that are new t. cells that have the ability to respond to pathogens these are called naive t. cells and children are producing these all the time where is adults don't have many i.e. t. cells because we've generated memory over a life time and we aren't producing new teasels anymore so children are well

adapted to respond to new pathogens they have these new t. cells see they mount a robust response however adults only have memory cells and or they have mostly memory cells so they're going on what they've seen before so normally adults are better equipped to respond to pathogens that they've seen many times like influenza are a city so compared to a child adults are responding much more effectively don't get as sick because they've seen these over time have built up these memory responses which provide protect their nearly whereas children dell but now we're looking at a situation where both the children or adults are seeing a new pathogen and now the children have all the cells the new t. cells to respond were adults are not they do not have as many t. cells to respond but to children they don't have as right do they also have an

advantage when it comes to the long lasting effects of covert 19 and we we've heard with adults that there are cases of heart failure other long term health issues they have to deal with even when they were ill when they're actually had to cope at 19 what do we know about children so far. well i mean we know that there seems to be some long lasting effects of cold 1911 from adults that are that weren't hospitalized initially and those are there certain coagulation defects and it could be due to the very strong inflammatory response we know that there's a lot of markers in meters of inflammation that is a virus seems stimulate in children that can also happen so the severe disease in children there is one manifestation which is called multi inflammatory syndrome and children and that can potentially cause long lasting effects although this far follow up has not shown that these children really have long lasting effects so

initially they were presenting it's sort of cardio heart problems but so far this hasn't shown to be long lasting about the coalition defects certainly young adults have shown that and have have have actually developed strokes but in terms of b.b.c. young children there's just not enough evidence to suggest that that's also happening in children so so just very briefly yes or no basically because there's this big discussion about reopening schools and kindergartens yes or no should we or shouldn't we. i think we need to but we need to protect the children in terms of i mean we need to still be wearing masks and and have these precautions in schools but it would be better to open it because there are they don't seem to be the super spreaders all right professor farber there from columbia university joining us from new york thank you so much for your time and your

insights. thank you. well time for your questions now and over to our science correspondent derrick williams. is it possible to test positive for cave 19 and its antibodies at the same time. tricky question to answer it we need a quick refresher on the terminology antibodies our immune system proteins that can be detected by what are called serial logical tests generally from blood samples if you have antibodies that are specific to covert 19 that indicates that you were exposed to the corona virus at some point in the past whether you develop symptoms or not. diagnostics like antigen and p.c.r. tests on the other hand are for detecting the virus or its genetic material so they're supposed to tell you whether you have an active infection this question

therefore basically boils down to can have an active infection yet at the same time be producing detectable amounts of antibodies against it yes you can but but finding both involves getting the timing right that's because there's some overlap between when an infection is in full swing and the ramp up of the body's immune response in general experts say it takes a patient's body between one and 3 weeks to produce detectable amounts of the different antibodies that play a key role in fighting off covert 19 researchers in new york found that even patients producing antibodies in those measurable amounts however could continue to test positive for the virus for up to 4 weeks after their symptoms resolved what the team couldn't determine was whether that viral genetic material was actually

coming from an active viable virus p.c.r. testing doesn't tell you that although that's really what you want to know it just tells you whether there are intact pieces of viral r.n.a. in a sample. daryn we'll be back tomorrow keep your questions coming that's all for now from me that he thanks for watching.

deep insight into the body. chemical process makes it possible opportunity for down to shut. down by sound internal structure economy as a whole. so researchers can understand diseases. and make artificial organisms in the future tomorrow today. 90 minutes on d w. w's crime fighters are back up the bell for those most successful radio

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this is. from julian assange has to stay on british soil avoiding extradition to the united states is supposed to celebrate british jumps back the wiki leaks founder on the grounds that an extradition would be oppressive. australia remains in prison a decade after his 1st arrest. also coming up opens a 2nd front against the us the country begins ministering vaccine number 2 developed by. drug maker astra zeneca.