doreen towing prepares the phages for power lena in the hospital pharmacy where every pathogen medical professionals have to find and breed suitable bacteria phages the dozing takes place here in the clinic. this is the bacteria phages solution it comes from a military hospital in brussels we only use it for infections with very specific multi resistant germs that we prepared here in our pharmacy we only do this every few months we've had another patient before but it's all pretty new to us. the high security at the laboratory is purely a precautionary measure because the side effects of the failures are not yet known . the doctors determine the dose individually for each patient. so far power lena has tolerated the phages while she's supposed to inhale the

viruses one past time in a clinic then she can continue the therapy at home so it is good for life feels like my lungs have already become of this clear apart from a cough and my voice goes sounds a bit strange now but they're letting me go home today. no longer anything. paulina is supposed to inhale the pages several times a day for 3 weeks if the virus therapy does not bring the desired results she faces a 2nd round this time intravenously with a needle and she would have to go to antwerp for 4 weeks. that's something her father and the doctors would like to avoid. so let's hope that the air is also known will be definitely don't have to come back for the 2nd part of the treatment that will follow it up in the next 2 weeks we will be checking her sputum sample every week and we'll have to see whether or not and at what point we won't be able

to culture the bacteria that are in ireland right now so i can't predict it if it's in the 1st week and we'll throw a party i think of it very soon but it's also possible that in a 2nd or the 3rd week or or not at all we don't know to find all the germs and to dissolve the secretion in her lungs palin has to inhale several times a day both with pagers and antibiotics as i think it's a good combination. does under they have to i doubt it doesn't harm the faders because they're viruses and of ages don't harm the antibiotic and. there aren't a lot of studies on this and intensive research is needed because it's obvious multi resistant germs will cause more and more problems for us as a sop to. the schneiders we'll only know in 3 weeks whether the therapy has worked . not only faders and fed to hygiene promise solutions new drugs are also

being developed. in hagen's book molecular biologist martin gleason is looking for ways out of the antibiotic crisis for the biotech company to sando he has developed a process with which he can specifically find any type of bacteria using artificially produced protein and symes. is a. basic building blocks come from nature. we optimize enzymes that are used by phages primarily to emerge from the bacterial cell at the end of their reproduction cycle. the basic idea is to make the bacteria burst from the outside like a balloon. but. once the phage is have found a suitable bacterium they multiply within it during this phase they produce and signs if enough and symes that present they cause the host bacterium to burst and

so gleason produces these and slimes artificially optimizing them to attack bacteria in the human body he calls his invention are to license. the 1st volunteers like elk out ideas have already been tested with them the geriatric nurse suffers from neuro dermatitis again and again stuffy course inflation on her skin it's getting so bad that she might have to give up our work. sucks that he's been asked to hop yet my doctor said he tried everything he said there was nothing left so he didn't know what to do with me anymore but then you read about this and said we could ask for a sample and a pool and then within 2 or 3 days of trying it you could see how everything went away you see we are just looking at it healed the skin stop bitching. it was a miracle. martina gristle did

a lot of tests and no resistance ever developed a r.t. license so does that they can perk biotech company have a solution to the fight against germs. if 12 doesn't matter in its neon i believe that in recent years we have seen that the problem of multi resistant germs has come more and more into focus and our technology in particular offers many advantages over classic antibiotics the kind of resistance resistance does not develop and we can kill a large number of germs in a very specific way to. be a factor of cases r.t. license is visible under the microscope they destroy the target bacteria in a fraction of a 2nd but there is a long way to go before the enzymes can be turned into medicine the small company needs support from the pharmaceutical industry. and that's what martine gristle found in the western german city of.

holders in amman wants to bring a license to market. his pharmaceutical company i curry's is one of the few worldwide that are researching new antibiotics and that presented with a great opportunity for it's a serious thing for us it's very important because it's the 1st step toward use in human pharmaceuticals that's a big milestone for a biotechnology company shine the potential of the new development is impressive even a small dose is enough to read a highly concentrated germ solution of pathogens within minutes streptococcus are responsible for the milky count in us life just made this streptococcus germ solution i'm about to add a controlled substance and are already licensed to compare them you will see that within 5 to 6 minutes the cloudiness will be different so the germs burst and are destroyed and as a result the solution loses as cloudy this. time lapse shows how the anti license

destroy the county germs. vision it is very human medicine this would be a huge step because you have a completely different class of ingredients a completely different mechanism and model of action where you can work against existing resistances this is a new weapon against resistant germs just in time for many pharmaceutical companies the search for a new antibiotics is not worthwhile because new drugs have to be kept back as reserve antibiotics and only used to emergences use levels would probably be low and development costs would be high. tensile when we talk about resistance it's like an arms race because the bacteria will always mutate and build resistance you constantly have to keep up with them because they never stop trying to defend themselves against the drugs were developing it's an in durance raise a lot of. the employees regularly analyze the global resistance situation

dangerous in testimony germs are gaining ground that antibiotics can do little to. stop 5 percent of hospital germs are resistant even in the netherlands a country with exemplary public hygiene. in germany that's now 12.2 percent and you can see it increasing and it's a similar story in poland austria and spain. there's no country under 5 percent anymore i think that's pretty dramatic with the germs. a new approach provided by artificial enzymes is not without challenges. if i come up with innovative approaches that have never been tested in humans there is of course a certain risk because they 1st have to prove their effectiveness in humans and it takes time to develop them from scratch. we have to say and believe there will be a solution must be a solution because the problem is so serious. it may take another

5 to 10 years before the licenses are ready for the market as drunks paulina's phage therapy in belgium has now ended at home harmless say line solution. work of move your upper body so the bakers can get deep into your lungs and caused . the phage is worked. out enough finds it much easier to breathe she finally feels like working out again and exercise is good for her lungs. hundreds of shots and how much 122 was not bad better than last time. if i do the pulmonary function test elizabeths are good it also influences my mood was i

usually feel better immediately which puts you i have more motivation and i'm somehow happier the feel better because i feel like i could do more. because of her illness our alina has to catch up with a lot of school work at home it's much easier for her to study 100 longside clear she's doing much better but doctors can still detect dangerous germs in her lungs so she is considering going to antwerp again with her father for another round of faith therapy. doctors here at the syntax hospital in bulk hold have already made great strides in the fight against the germans and by applying hygiene concepts from the netherlands standards have increased and antibiotic consumption has decreased regular training and self monitoring are important factors for ron hendricks this is you know it is

incredibly interesting that in the last 20 to 25 years in microbiology the approach to hygiene has changed 100 times more than in almost any other disciplines as much as that makes it very interesting and also means that we always need to be on the ball and be able to explain to people what is going on to see it. some 113 hospitals are taking part in a cross border network more and more german clinics are adopting dutch standards in bucholtz before doctors operated on your highness' sobering the treatment significantly reduced the number of dangerous germs while the wound was open joining the operation he was given a one time reserve antibiotic that was all that was needed and i'm so really. it's such a weight off me. i'm about to try to take some steps with crutches that's really good. in the munster land clinic the doctors have the germs under control

but for ron hendrix that's no reason for complacency yes for how we proceed now will help us to keep these germs under control in the long term we need to restrict prescription of as i biopics preferably using the oldest drugs we need good hygiene taking swabs so we know who is infected with which germs so we can act accordingly and no matter what we can think of the germs already have an answer of. the fight against the killer germs can never be entirely won but we might be able to keep them under control with better hygiene new drugs and only using antibiotics as a nostrils don't.

cut. how is this dolphin doing. what is this polar bear feeling right now unfortunately we can't just ask them. so how can you measure animal wellbeing. researchers are developing methods to find out when their animals doing well. to morrow teaching.

next on d w. have done in getting. to the capital city of north korea is reinventing itself but only a few people can enjoy the benefits of. an insidious reward system coerces people into loyalty towards the regime of. those who don't make it in. the fun metropolis live in poverty. have fun enjoy. the sun long deep the loop hole. can sleep. cheerfully. don't move those soon to be nice to do get.

discovered. subscribe to the documentary to. the back of. the film does this little guy want to tell us something. it's no wonder that we tend to humanize animals especially pets but we have a lot in common with other animals too. to separate fish for example. cold ground was there with scientists cold model ogun is a non-human species that are studied in the lab to help understand body.