my. tricks are for me. we are yours actually on fire. music it can be therapeutic and it can move us. tackling cancer with a vaccine new hope in m.r. in any technology. music at mit's and they're all focused on this edition of tomorrow today at the science show on d w. smoking. alcohol. unhealthy diet. pathogens like

the hepatitis b. virus. pollution and sun exposure are just some of the known carcinogens. cancer is one of the main causes of death with nearly 10000000 cancer deaths in 2080 1000000 in the future some of these diseases could be prevented but that seems. a customized vaccine created for an individual patient is particular and schumer fast effective and with few side effects that's the promise of new an r.n.a. technology in the fight against cancer. this tumor center in homburg oncologist and on his colleagues are preparing to start clinical trials as one of several european facilities testing experimental comes or vaccines. one of the most modern approach is essentially we are the immune system to take on the enemy in this case the tumor. what makes

a malignant tumor so challenging is that for years it can slip past the body's defenses with camouflage so clever that the immune system doesn't notice the invader or is too weak to keep the cancer cells at bay allowing the to my to grow on hindered. that was the case with one of dr ahmad's patients who wishes to remain anonymous his cancer was fine during a routine colonoscopy by which time it was advanced with metastases in the liver. back then my life expectancy was estimated to be just a few months it was an utter shock. luckily both the tumor in his intestine and the liver metastases could be surgically removed in a single operation the treatment was required to reduce the risk of the tumor

returning that's the best that he will give even the world's top surgeon can't detect single scattered tumor cells in the body that may even be dormant and not multiplying. them a doctor can't change the biology of this disease. we know that latent tumor cells can survive inside the body for a long time and they can wake up and start to divide and proliferate again over them. after surgery chemotherapy is often administered to prevent this and to destroy the remaining tumor cells but the treatment also attacks healthy cells in the body. it feels like you're being filled with poison. with the help of a new m.r.i. on a vaccine the hope is to prompt the patient's immune system to target the tumor unlike typical vaccinations it doesn't involve injecting the body with the activated

components of the disease. the messenger m r n a injected into the muscle tissue provides the blueprint for a specific tumor protein. once it has the blueprints the body then produces its own tumor modules the immune system recognizes them as foreign and produces antibodies the body is now armed with the knowledge of the enemy it faces . basically the production process instead of making it in a laboratory with all the technical procedures it starts out inside the patient's body which ultimately produces it on its own to teach the immune system what it needs to know. the researchers hope the vaccination will enable the immune system to identify tumor cells in the blood early on before they form metastases. is your goal is for the immune system to keep

trying new tumor residues it or destroy them then the chance of recovery is greater . expect an upcoming study to shed light on whether that really works he investigates the immune system's response to colon cancer at the national center for tumor diseases in hyderabad. the n r n a vaccine in the study is made by minds based pharma company buy on tech covert 1000 vaccine is based on the same technology. into being in the us space are also using m r n a technology in the fight against cancer as well as cause it the goal is to give cancer sufferers personalized vaccinations and. near future just. like this is a real milestone we're no longer talking about months or years until it's ready just weeks its significance and potential efficacy have opened up

a whole new playing field guns. while the focus remains on the coronavirus diac arnold and his patients will have to wait until their cancer vaccine is available the colon cancer patient hopes to have a ready beaten his illness by then but should the cancer occur he'd like to be part of a trial with an m.r.i. and a vaccine. to me initially it all sounds very promising would significantly fewer side effects from a patients point of view it's a great cause for hope but how many vaccine doses does it take will the immune booster on its own enable the body to fight the tumor effectively or will it only compliment chemotherapy. there are still many small steps along the way that need to be understood for it to succeed to find out what the possible hurdles are. and that's why these studies are being carried out. it will take some years before the

results are known but oncologists worldwide are confident that the new technology will become a powerful weapon in the fight against cancer. customized meds and is the great hope for the future and it's long overdue with regard to gender differences. from a medical standpoint men and women are not created equal. and successful therapies are very different in men and women as our next report shows. had a heart attack last year and she's not back to her old self yet she'd always exercised regularly and was never sick she never imagined she might have a heart problem. i live a healthy life don't drink and don't smoke. so i fulfilled many preconditions for

actually being healthy. i didn't have any pains in my heart. so i had no reason to think there was anything wrong. i mean. it's often said that it's mainly men who have heart attacks but that's wrong women with high blood pressure are in fact at much greater risk than men with high blood pressure of having a heart attack and they're more likely to die if they have one. professor gave heart aims to change that she's a cardiologist and a specialist in gender specific medicine with a focus on women's hearts does this all. unfortunately the imbalance in heart research is particularly extreme a new study for example had 85 percent male test subjects and just 15 percent women and the consequent because of a lack of data and clinical studies on women they suffer many more side effects

just want to know hoffa 2 times as many as. this one was a few guidelines for treatment in clinical practice and what are considered normal values really only apply to men we don't have the equivalent for women. so i. was lucky many women with heart problems don't go to the doctor because they don't recognize the symptoms in medical terms there are many differences between men and women with respect to the heart they pronounced women's hearts tend to shrink over time men's grows like the larger. professor gates has done research into the susceptibility of women's hearts to stress she conducted an experiment with $32.00 women and $32.00 men aged between $50.70 that looked at the interplay of pot and brain hybrid scanner images both

soft tissue and organ function at the same time that's great for studying the interplay of brain activity and the heart that involved subjecting test subjects to mental stress as this intimidate us if it's important for you to count down from 100 in steps of say to you reach 0 you have to do it just fast as you can ok ok. we can see clearly that in the fia center in the brain. this is a significant increase in volume in these 2 areas the fia center has been activated that is active. and now we look at the heart we can image that as well during the examination and we can see very clearly that in this small part of the heart disruption of blood flow occurred after the stress. this kind of thing

makes women more vulnerable for example in the case of a heart attack so much in the house in fact often. get hot has found that in women stress plays a major role in heart disease. or aim is to improve diagnostics and treatment. therapy needs to take a patient's stress situation into account and develop specific ways for women to reduce their stress levels. still feels weaker than before her heart attack advances in gender specific cardiology may soon help other women seek and find the right treatment before things get too serious. if outlook is red why are they hiring i mean. do you have a science question you'd like us to one say. get in as a video text or voicemail if we featured on the show you look at

a little surprise from us as a thank you come on just ask. to find us on our website d.w. dot com slash science or look for us on twitter. this is the there are many. it's played without physical contact. the position of players' hands in relation to 2 antennas controls the pitch and volume of the music. and next report is about a device that allows every movement of the body to be translated into sounds. it's a technology that lends itself particularly well to special education and therapy. what if even the smallest of movements could generate a sound then almost everybody could make music with their body.

motion composer is a device designed to help people with disabilities overcome their isolation. it was developed by robert wexler. the american choreographer and dancer who's lived in germany since 99 take. the jihad is out for organs and nature said we should consider every day lost on which we have not danced at least once i don't think you meant it metaphorically it's practical advice we really should dance and make music every day it makes us happier it makes us more human. what snow wants everybody to be able to do you say whatever their physical or mental abilities.

it's been to my notice for artists my opinion that we're all dancers and all musicians that's the principle underlying motion composer that lets us all live out these instincts. whatever our abilities. in the 1970 s. in new york started experimenting with motion tracking. dancers movements were registered with the help of sensors attached to their bodies. and then translated by an electronic device into sounds. ok dr march i thought this is fun perhaps we can work on it until anybody can do it. what's the follow through on that with support from the powerhouse university environment and funding from the european union he and

a team of software developers composers and therapists got down to work in 2010 to develop the technology and make it easy to use. prince newcrest motion the principle behind motion composer is that if we make a movement and this movement triggers a nice sound and if we realize that we made that happen ourselves. then we're already making music and dancing. in the one concert. but what's left has come to this t.v. studio. he's here to demonstrate how motion composer works when he grows to halfway down the biggest challenge in developing motion composer was the engineering. this sound

like this or this was no handbook to refer to we had to try out a lot of things. and we could. use motion composer have to grasp that it's their own movements that are making the sounds that's the case. to cameras register movement since 3 day. software i'm allies is the data and translates it in real time into sounds. even the tiniest of movements is enough. the device features a great of different musical environments and soundscapes and. i'm going to what i know. you can move and compose alone or with others.

or mention him long for people with disabilities this complaint important role it's easy it motivates them to move. to express how they're feeling and to interact with others. and that's what's important and even if these are her. as a tool to stimulate movement motion composer can be used in creative approaches to therapy rehabilitation and specialized education. dancing making music and in front of an audience can be a whole new experience. in my most people's reactions are really intense full of emotion and joy it's not uncommon to see people cry it out workshops tears of joy all right it's

a really beautiful thing. for. us adults robert wexler was often in the limelight. with motion composer he brings others out of the shadows. this sounds melodies and rhythms of music evoke different emotions and. the feelings we have about a particular piece of music may change over time that. the music that one seen dramatic or uplifting might now sound cheesy or old fashioned. but there are hits that. stand the test of time what makes a song a hit can it be boiled down like that science is trying to find out. if. this was

a smash hit. this issue. and this question i really wanted to ask is what makes a song so powerful and so motional. why do i get such a strong feeling when i listen to the music that i enjoy. and his team analyzed $80000.00 chords in $745.00 songs that reach the us charts a computer program calculated whether each chord was predictable or unexpected in the context of the whole track. then they played the chord sequences stripped of melody and lyrics to a selection of test persons who then had to say if they like that. our brains work hard when we listen to music it stimulates the parts of the brain that process ound but also the parts responsible for our emotions memory and

knowledge. showed that to factors in particular increase the likelihood that the test persons liked what they heard. the 1st instances where the uncertainty is low and the surprise is high. if the chord progression is fairly predictable most people are happy to hear a surprising chord and it works the other way around too if the chord progression makes you feel like you don't know where it's going to fall is. most people are happy to hear a predictable chord about caught in other words it conforms their expectations. good music skilfully manipulates us we like music best when it comes sounds our expectations. could this principle be used to develop the perfect formula for a number one hits. stefan bowman has

a doctorate in music and artificial intelligence to him vincent chung's study demonstrates that the chords in chart toppers are mostly simple ones c. major is the most commonly used just chords make only rare appearances particular chord progressions are also common. for chords dozens of hits. this australian band created a medley of popular songs all set to the same chord progression. to the play to. ban the tsunami. of a cancer. that clip goes to show that most smash hits are pretty similar. as the form of there's been a search for

a hit formula for as long as i've been working on the field yemen clinton would people have set up companies focused on hit song science which flopped awfully because they hit a piece of music ultimately depends on a cultural context that changes all the time on the values it's not for its why that's why you don't get into. that in other words pop is all about the tai chi stuff whatever the latest sound is plus some clever marketing and these days certain genres and all. artists are also promoted with the help of recommendation systems. hit song science shows that tracks featuring the word you are more likely to climb the charts. still success can't be guaranteed there are too many variables not to mention the goosebumps factor. you know yeah bristol is a ph d.

student in computer science at the german research center for artificial intelligence she monitors test person's skin conductance while they listen to music for signs of stress or emotional response she herself reacts positively to this song was. sent to have been no medium in the deal is a combination of the female vocals and the melody that appeals to me it seems to have depth it moves me we would all signal registers this response and i think. our other is likely to respond the same way and this sort of data could be gathered on a large scale and be used to train machine learning programs to identify what sort of music is most likely to trigger an emotional response in listeners. another approach is to analyze a database of songs and then create similar compositions. in 2016 daddy's car

was the 1st song ever written by a i. was. the program was tasked with creating a new track on the basis of 45 beatles songs from. his sleep sound sleep. eat sleep the latest software is able to modify tried and tested hits ad infinitum. hotel california for example. this. could be a brand new hit or is something missing. the feel the songs wouldn't know many songs were written by someone unhappy in love depressed on drugs or in a state of euphoria a machine doesn't have to try to just switch it on that it gets to work it has no

sense of mortality it just runs and runs. the prompt him at. the moment might be an ai expert but his musical taste is old school he believes a hit song should be moving and unique but going by spotify algorithms hits are becoming increasingly formulaic if something proves popular it's copied a lot of music producers who work with different artists repeat themselves music is getting ever more predictable and ai will only consolidate the trend. it probably won't be too long before researchers come up with the perfect formula for a number one hits it will these songs leave you goosebumps like the hits of the past probably not. that's all for this edition of tomorrow today join us again next time for more

fascinating stories from science and technology then stay healthy and stay curious . in the.

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