discoverable. subscribe to the documentary into. operation vaccination a huge task unparalleled in history and challenges involved a massive. many strong nations of already secured a vaccine doses to be to live in the shia but what about the poor countries and i think this idea that you know really it we will protect ourselves 1st and then we worry about others it is of course selfish but more than that it's food it doesn't

buy it is abundant he is the pandemic want to be over until it's over all around the globe biased. the coronavirus pandemic this year with the vaccines that are available. the german city of maine it's an home to the horse of a firm that up until a year ago a few people outside the medical field had heard it all from. the start up violent it was known for developing innovative drugs to fight something. in january 2020 when the corona virus began spreading around the world company founder and halted ongoing research and mobilized all forces to focus on a new goal. developing

a vaccine for the virus last fall we were among a few camera teams allowed to film with the company. we have must see the right to find 3 goals firstly we needed a vaccine that triggers a powerful immune response and for then we needed to conduct clinical trials that prove it's affective and safe and thirdly we knew we'd need sufficient quantities of the vaccines of the for food. with many countries now proving the vaccine production is being ramped up the demand is huge it's a new type of vaccine known as messenger r.n.a. it contains the blueprint for a virus trust seen cousens the body's cells to develop a small amount of the virus so that it then produces antibodies to fight it to develop the vaccine quickly by on tank introduced a 7 day work week and supply bridge and tree authorities with doctors clinical trials progressed to speed up the approval process. or they called it our

lightspeed project life we knew we had no time to lose it this year but we were also very clear that we didn't want any short cuts and that we wanted to work best not overlook anything on the shuttle back even model vaccine was still mean developed my own take was preparing for mass scale production joining forces with american pharmaceutical giant pfizer and chinese conglomerate foes and. no amount of rise of the demand normally you wouldn't focus on production until later in the 1st test whether you have a viable back same on it but we moved forward with both things that once we built partnerships with other companies that would allow us to manufacture the vaccine and make it a bailable anywhere on the planet warthen planet. some 200 other research groups have also been working since january 2020 to develop a vaccine scientists in the us. yes and europe as well as china russia and the

strata locked in the race to fight the pandemic. only it takes years to develop a new vaccine but this time she managed she couldn't quite that long wealthy governments around the world billions into research. we will pick up. still better. and so it's our responsibility to work together globally. national pride and propaganda played an increasing role as the international race for a vaccine gathered speed that we're almost there going to announce very soon we'll be ready before the end of the year. medical research became the focus of the international community as never before and the pressure on scientists grew as the political rhetoric increased there was growing concern that the rush to have

a vaccine might lead to compromises on safety and adequate trials rushing a preliminary approval to its spec st before it had gone through the all important face drinking before trial with a vaccine is tested unfalsified people that contravened international procedures. china also began in ministering to vaccines to members of the military and medical personnel long before getting trials were complete. in the us the trumpet ministration pumped billions into its warp speed program to produce that scene's and secure us manufacturers the pole position. like anything our country has seen since the manhattan bridge. in the end it was biotech and fine with the 1st. step effects in approved at least

in the western world. in early december after britain issued emergency approval for the vaccine 90 year old margaret keenan became the 1st received to buy antec jab. to stop their. cooperation to help the people. can injure in the united states also prove the biotech pfizer vaccine in. the companies who pledged to deliver 200 mi cantos is to the u.s. by maine.

just before christmas a 2nd vaccine can't imagine see approval in the u.s. made by american company montana like the one from bio on technique to me is an m.r.i. and i think st. the violent taken modern of vaccines was shown to be 95 and 94 percent effective internee called trials. and a fair vaccine has now been approved to a so-called viral vector produced by oxford university and the british swedish company astra zeneca it's thought to be up to 70 percent effective against the virus back to a higher rate than required to be approved for usage. bot despite these encouraging developments it's been clear all along that to begin with there wouldn't be enough vaccine for everyone so who should get it 1st like many countries germany is prioritizing the elderly and sick.

alina books who heads up the genetics council helped to drop the guy a chance for distribution effect same. damned as i did when you didn't select the elderly for preferential treatment as if to play the different generations off against each other that's your own gain and ours zondervan as is todd said it's just the case that the data showed very clearly that old age is the greatest risk factor. on disc and there are some groups especially very elderly people in nursing homes for many 100 times more at risk than say someone like myself. but is everyone in germany willing to be inoculated. radical opponents of the vaccine have been protesting for months fearful that they could be coerced into getting inoculated it gets they will. represent sincere faceless change the number of people in germany

willing to have a kind of a 19 vaccine truck is the most passed while in april 70 percent said yes they would get enough united by the end of november that number had dropped to just 57 percent . and yet experts say between 60 and 70 percent of the population needs to be inoculated to achieve that immunity. and a willingness to be vaccinated dropped in many industrialized nations last year including the us. on the safety of the vaccine i am not sure i wouldn't want to be one of the volunteers to try it i wouldn't be to care about safety a perfect something i have to do it's something i have to do. so face new us showed 66 percent of those asked in july were willing to get vaccinated that dropped to 50 percent in september and then rose back to 63 percent.

how is it possible to protect a global population of nearly 8000000000 people. on the public are the pandemic that seems need to be accessible and affordable for every country yes it is this fish to it's important that we consider vaccine as a global public good bit tough that very. violent it's maxine alone won't be enough to end the pandemic the pan the mean and the kind of work of endemic doesn't care which countries have rolled out a vaccination program what's important is that we achieve blanket immunization all over the world in our name nunchuck. the no one company can cover that kind of demands and akamai need to work together and we need to help each other over so that we're all in a position to make a vaccine available as soon as possible abstinence

a kind of. fun solution could lie nearly 7000 kilometers away from biotechs german headquarters. tuna in india. a city of 3000000 miles southeast of mumbai in the indian state of maharashtra. huna times the world's largest vaccine manufacturer serum institute of india. the pharmaceutical company says it produces over one and a half 1000000000 doses of various vaccines every year. specialized in supply in the developing world and emerging economies who can't afford the vaccines produced in the west. to. discern institute says it's back scenes are used in 170 countries worldwide.

months of seeking to contact the institute out team was finally granted permission to film your last full and speak to the head of research and development mission. for today mr premier we are putting a lot of air force to really. help the entire globe to supply a large volume of vaccine to see them is normal to really take care of her this is where devotion in the low low low income countries were countries and making it quit able access to all the people. normally these buy reactors they used to produce vaccines to guard against tibet you know says polio and other diseases now the company has reserved much part of its capacity to cope with 19 vaccines. so the major challenge is when such a pandemic comes up everybody wants large volume of please 5 to 7000000000 losses

are needed to be manufactured in short time. to meet the expected to manage this soon institutions county can fish in one of its new factories it was built to manufacture the transport to produce coronavirus vaccines. generally lot of people live in there is a pandemic they start from the scratch so by the time the how of the which can be were billions of those is pandemic probably sees down so nobody is interested in the product and it is a big plus of cinema's to india we always expanded and created large. gains in anticipation of global need of several of our sins as well as. we can really handle such kind of frightening. 5 kinds of 19 vaccines that can even produce children. one of them is the vector. a

vaccine developed by a swede university and astra zeneca in india it goes under the name of kofi shield . the same institute has signed a contract with astra zeneca to manufacture 1000000000 ptosis of kovi schildt the doses of distant expressly for developing countries and india. right now we. are not awfully about 25 to 30000000 doses off for vaccine is already manufactured by us at risk and we are continuing doing that. is the 60000000 doses someone. vaccine has now also been given emergency approval in india. but only on condition that in the initial months at least this soon is to choose only sells the vaccine to the indian government. that is to see industry india has been able to start

a large scale vaccination drive but what about other emerging economies in the developing world. the manufacturers of astra zeneca by ontic pfizer and more turner said together they will produce 5300000000 doses of vaccine in 2021. in theory that's enough for 3000000000 people so over the showed of the global population. but the majority of those doses have already been reserved to 27 member states the european union and 4 other industrial countries have already precluded huff those doses. the supply and their populations will be generous canada for example has secured nearly 9 doses every single one of its residents followed by the us with just over 7 panhead of population the e.u. with nearly 5. india with just under 2. the problem is these countries who have

secured home vaccines to be produced in 2021 only account for 15 percent of the population. for poor countries that means there won't be much left over at least not for the forseeable future research is a cheap university in the us a calculated that most people these countries will have to wait until 2023 or even $25.00 more to get the vaccine. german business journalist reka hammond is skeptical about the behavior of wealthy nations in the current crisis. center so initially of course that the pharmaceutical companies needed money risk capital to push ahead with the whole production's of honest and so it's logical that governments want vaccines in return but let's be clear there's a certain amount of nationalism at play here and this will get indian economists

jayati ghosh wants of the dangerous consequences of vaccine nationalism this is exactly why i called it a vaccine about it because it means that the countries with better reach make sure that their populations have the 1st access they will be the 1st story cover not just from the pandemic but also economically and the countries that are already poor already devastated by the health conditions they will wait so they will go through another year of economic devastation and illness. but the impending lack of vaccines for the global south does not mean if you issue. dividers is not respected in borders so the idea that you can protect your own population and not worry about the best and that you would ever be safe very foolish man bits of good senses but more than that it's foolish it doesn't work. maxime nationalism sent to

increase the inequality of our world. but it's not even in the interest of the industrialized nations to behave this way according to german economist right now. as this is guns it's very important to understand that in addition to the medical and moral arguments there are also strong economic arguments for not just focusing on our own markets in the box on the one to man was unfastened us globalized capitalism really doesn't need a virus like 19 or not you will help because there are global supply chains and our entire economies are based on people being able to travel eyes open on the hundreds or trade partners are economically on their knees because of the pandemic countries that supply wrong materials as well as the countries that import our manufacturing goods that cannot be in our interest. to kill truck the risk of poor countries not having enough vaccine to world health organization created an instrument back in

april 2020 cooled kovacs it aims to ensure equal and fair access to coverage 1000 facts in school not the blunt participating countries pain to a joint fund which the w.h.o. uses to purchase down costs facts seems center will few states finance the poor ones. we now have the largest most die there are courts olio of vaccines anywhere in the world we expect we have countries that cover 90 percent of the world's population that are agreeing to work together to get the best possible price choose the best possible gives the best possible timing for the road out of these actually is around the world. the w h o's distribution plant comprises 2 faces in the 1st phase one participating countries receive faxes to inoculate to medical personnel and funnel groups. then in a 2nd fast. vaccines are supposed to go especially to countries where the situation

is most urgent it sounds cool but the democrat clubs were 1st just simply muddy we need a substantial amount of money it'll be another 5000000000 dollars to be able to buy the vaccines that are needed especially for the income countries. for 2nd challenge that we have of course is we're seeing a big 2nd waves of disease especially in the northern hemisphere it will be a huge political pressure to use the vaccines there 1st and to move back from the commitments to equitable rode out the world. politicians could face a difficult balancing act. this way after 2000 so often in the world of politics there are different rationales at play here firstly politicians ask how do we fight this pandemic worldwide but then there's the more in the biju all want of what do voters want from me often. a fundamental problem with the kind of facts initiative

is becoming increasingly obvious it depends alternately on the goodwill of the tone in nations if domestic politics dictates thinking just withdraw their pledges and that's not all. well i think there were 2 feet of flaws with callbacks one is that you know some important countries didn't join then the other concern with gov acts is that it didn't prohibit the country so we're joined from doing the side that should not be allowed because that goes against the whole spirit of good acts. but there are alternatives to the model of free will to nations. on october 15th the w.h.o. discuss a proposal put forward by india and south africa. then again was to achieve a temporary wave of the so-called trips agreement which also protects the paint and some pharmaceutical firms the agreement contains closes that can be involved in a medical emergency the way it was to ply only to comfort 90. in health products

a similar move in 2001 relating to hiv treatment for example gave millions access to cheap life saving drugs. and. we learned from the hiv aids pandemic that where there are patents protecting drugs there is always the danger that hundreds of thousands will die. simply because they just can't afford the necessary drugs and need to comment so south africa and india wanted to have covert 19 painted suspended for the generation of the pandemic so that cheap generic vaccines to be produced for poor countries but the motion was overruled by wealthy nations unfortunately what we find is that multinational drug companies are able to lobby their governments very effectively it's very strong in the united states government they really respond to the drug lobby but it's also unfortunately strong in europe. patients huge huge profits for the pharmaceutical companies in london to

control prices but the vaccine companies have received billions in public subsidies . just a 10th of what had to protect companies to protect innovations and so forth that's who wants to shut down survive but the fact is that a large percentage of the funds that went into developing these vaccines came from public coffers by. a physician. there are legal alternatives such as compulsory licensing with commission is given to patients to be used without the consent of the patient hold up a peyton could be set up to corona virus vaccines and drugs to be shared but this doesn't support for either option right now. by ontic co-founder isn't keen on additional states intervention i thought. is this is a saw this as a pharmaceutical company is simply an organization that is involved. professionally

and making safe drugs if it's of and that can only works when you have the companies get to the point where they're able to make a profit that they can reinvest in new research projects and developing new drugs when they are found that surrounded. the biotech spec scene is in any case not suitable for use in poor countries of the global south. they are by on taking the beyond tuck approach is extremely intelligent but it's also extremely complicated i may lend more countries don't have the infrastructure to be able to store and transport a complex drug so you need a very robust vaccine that will also work in the heat. and the. hope for poor regions could come from the very country with the pandemic 1st started china. small questions remain of the efficacy of china's synovate back saying what's clear is the chinese companies have developed a number of facts things that are easy to stall. if you mean for the chinese

are developing vaccines that are suitable for the global south because they're not dependent on a cold chain they're also building up a kind of silk road for health products right off the ball on for months now chinese companies and politicians who've been active in africa latin america and the middle east. that is that is another prospect that's a little uncomfortable for the west that in the not too distant future we're going to start seeing international vaccine diplomacy. and china's fact scenes of being welcomed with open arms at the end of december the 1st in the recent effect since you know from arrived in morocco in egypt a gift from the united arab emirates the vaccine has since been approved for use in china but so far. the distribution of vaccines is it faced. medical issues but it's also an ethical one.

before dusty the prospect of some wealthy countries inoculating their populations a whole year earlier than poor ones violates principles of global solidarity and justice so i think it's only right that germany and europe are supporting and they should haves that aim to ensure vaccines are distributed worldwide as fast as possible. soonish does this may sound cynical but because the virus is a threat to us the poor countries do indeed have some leverage in persuading the north to show solidarity. with the data shows. by the end of 2021 it's highly likely that a whole range of the vaccines will also be available. will they help us get the pandemic under control. and will continue to control us. confidence i hope the vaccine will mean we can get back to normal he can come.

back scenes will definitely help us they will help us to produce and the part of the job and the level of fear will go down we will. obviously i think this this pandemic will probably. around never in one year the pandemic will look very different and still be a new normal because if over it will still exist we should be able to resume much more electricity much more in economic activity as that order requires their free money but during their current single biggest rare event today a little choice about whether to find the answers word which we have got to. get into that without lucretia you're never going to get to this problem and ok to do. not. latest study of over one to me well be some other thing maybe i'm fine is

it maybe some of those or nothing diseased it may be some other. hazard to that we haven't even thought about it. the scientists have managed to produce vaccines in record time and now it's up to the politicians and to a certain extent one of us to be flies on how we use them keeping in mind to be could be challenged. in. the bud more.

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this is. from the general and his justifications me and mars' army chief. the civilian government. that is promising to hand back power to the international community has condemned the crackdown as police use water cannons on peaceful protesters also coming up tonight 80.