this is deja vu news live from berlin prosecutors unveiled showing footage to make their case against former president donald trump on the 1st full day of arguments in his impeachment trial it shows rioters breaking into the capitol has overwhelmed police officers and begged for help during the deadly violence last month. and u.s. president joe biden announces new sanctions against the military regime and that seized power in riyadh march his message comes amid a new wave of arrests of civilian officials and ongoing protests against last

week's crew. plus germany extends its lockdown once again just like declining numbers of infections fears of more infectious mutations of the krona virus have chancellor angela merkel insisting on extending restrictions for a nother month but many schools and hairdressers will be allowed to open sooner. hello i'm claire richardson welcome to the show in the united states house democrats have wrapped up their 1st a full day of arguments at donald trump's a 2nd impeachment trial the former president is accused of inciting the riot at the capitol building in which 5 people died last month prosecutors unveiled a chilling new video of the violent mob are breaking into the building and the subsequent chaos. on the 2nd day of the impeachment trial democratic

prosecutors wasted little time to make their case. they used security camera footage to reconstruct in painstaking detail how the rioters worked their way into the inner sanctum of u.s. democracy coming within touching distance of the politicians inside. as the riders reached the top of the stairs they were within 100 feet of where the vice president was sheltering with his family and they were just a feet away from one of the doors to this chamber where many of you remained at that time. you can see vice president pence and his family quickly moved down the stairs the vice president turns around briefly as he's headed down. other footage leaves little doubt about the mob's violent intent. what recordings of police radio calls show how the embattled officers lost control

of the situation. who are doing their. job or if you're there. 4 or what our group peers know you're after. we're pretty sure to go. we need someone who work a couple of hours during. the writers did finally manage to breach the senate floor prosecutors say they acted at donald trump's best. this was not a coincidence none of this was donald trump over many months cultivated violence praised it and then when he saw the violence his supporters were people who love he channeled it to his big wild historic event democrats hope these dramatic images will convince some of their republican

counterparts to vote to convict the former president. with millions of americans watching the televised proceedings the intensity of the prosecutor's arguments has reverberated far beyond the senate chamber. meanwhile president joe biden has announced new u.s. sanctions against the military regime that seized power in myanmar this as a close aide of ousted leader aung san suu kyi she has been taken into custody in a new wave of arrests meanwhile large protests against last week's coup continue and activists are using increasingly creative tactics to make their demands. dressed in furry animal suits and risking their lives. these groups of young protesters and young go on a challenging the coup leaders with humor their protest tactics which the slogans with pop culture references i knew from my own mom. and the most generations it's

a good i care for my generation said where l g b t groups and cosplay is and where wearing costumes and trying to get international attention on twitter people from other countries have noticed it oh it was going to be able. to gain attention and support abroad younger generations are using both social media and lessons learned from protesters in neighboring hong kong and thailand. wear in crowns and ball gowns thank. you for going shirtless like these members of a bodybuilding club people are showing their opposition to the coup. demonstrators are calling for an end to the military dictatorship and freedom for the nation's elected leader own son suchi and her allies they also want to new constitution on their return to democratic freedoms for groups remain on deterred

off to choose days violence. security forces declared the rallies illegal trenching peaceful protesters with water cannons there are reports that police fired large rounds to disperse some marches. the teenage protester was shot and critically injured. the bomber shows the injured 19 year old and demonstrators know their actions could risk a stronger crackdown from the authorities here but. we are ready to give our lives if they're trying to threaten on protesters we have nothing except our own bodies we are peacefully protesting but i'm sure. we don't want to live under the military rules we want freedom. a curfew and restrictions on gatherings have been put in place but they have not

stopped fresh protests from breaking out across the country. well earlier we spoke to a pro-democracy activist in yangon who we are calling so we are keeping her real identity anonymous for security reasons and she explained to us why she decided to join the protests. for me i was not the advice before but i'm always interested in politics and history so i roughly know about what we were facing really such as about the constitution the power of the military and the you know. and of a lot of areas of the nation during 5 years range of and the but i have to say that i'm not a strong of the supporter. and the current crisis that is not about the fight between energy and the military it isn't really about the right and the wrong according to law and it's about the fight between a public who won't just ignore the government they actually voted and you know due to ship so well we are doing all we can do we want to us what help from the

international governments and organizations like you know as you can see even the un children's hour so it will be in this so even the end as then the importance of it there was a pro-democracy activist speaking with us earlier from yang gone but for now let's take a look at some of the other stories making headlines around the world at this hour a faction of nepal's ruling party has organized a march through the capital katmandu opposing the prime minister's decision to dissolve the parliament in him paul the nepal communist party is locked in a bitter battle between allies of prime minister sharma only and critics within the party. supporters of ecuador's the largest indigenous political party have been protesting alleged election fraud and this month's national elections the vote was split 3 ways and indigenous candidate pettus ran on an environmental pot farm is not expected to advance to the april runoff election. and one of saudi arabia's

most vocal women's rights activists has been released from prison. with la was arrested in 2018 allegedly for violating counter terrorism laws charges critics described as politically motivated and she openly advocated for the right of women to drive and for an end to the country's restrictive male guardianship system. and the wife of jailed a kremlin critic alexei navalny has flown it to germany from russia according to the german news magazine he flew from moscow to frankfurt on wednesday comes a week after her husband was sentenced to nearly 3 years in jail for violating his probation after he was poisoned in siberia. and germany's leaders have agreed to extend the country's current coronavirus lockdown until march 7th and a virtual summit with the leaders of the 16 federal states chancellor angela merkel

made clear she wants the lockdown extended for several more weeks even though the number of deaths and new infections has been declining recently as those some went down behind the chancellor rhee in berlin i know those showdown about the lockdown . of the state premiers wrestling with the question give me a bone so coronavirus mutations in germany how soon will it be possible to open up . yes the time between now and the middle of march is when the experts are telling us that the mutated virus could gain the upper hand over the initial strains. it's crucial that we lower the infection rate in this period and that's why we need to be so careful. until at least the 7th of march most restrictions will remain in place with 2 notable exceptions schools and kindergartens will start to open from the 22nd of february

and hairdressers will be able to get back to work from the 1st of march a move many germans are longing for but. address there is a great loss my niece is cutting mine at the moment as well as she can. the next target is to start opening up shops and businesses that will be allowed in places where the 7 day infection number falls 235-410-0000 people but it's not going to happen just yet caution is still the guiding principle. for closing things down takes courage opening them up demands intelligence it's more difficult because you have to take more things into account. specially with this new mutation it would be better if we push the numbers down then we can live freely instead of needing another lockdown i would love to just go out and you know go to. a museum or visit friends or travel freely and take

a trip somewhere and just get out of my apartment. in fiction numbers are dropping in germany if that continues normal life it seems might be just over the horizon. in time for some football news now and as byron munich prepare for tomorrow's final of the club world. up and cotch are the team has confirmed that a top player has taken leave for personal reasons german media are reporting that his former partner has died watching as a defender for bahrain and was a starter in monday's a semifinal win over a gyptian side. and now byron are bidding it to make football history here's more on their match up in the final with mexican club to get us. hante flick has almost done it all by the number one club in the world one

a handful of titles in 2020 everything from the bundesliga to the champions league the ventura lee became part of byron silverware collection that season now in qatar bahrain have won more title to go winning everything plus the fifo club world cup is tantamount to football perfection it's only been done once before back in 2009 by barcelona. winning the final clue at the club world cup with. the cherry on top. with all of the titles we've won. and then when this additional one. maybe at 1st you don't think about it that much and used to douse with but in the in when you know only one team has won 6 titles in the season and you have the chance to be the 2nd team it's a chance to make football history for us and i've been chasing history robert

living dosti fief is reigning football there of the year has scored 27 goals this season and he helped by and reached their 1st fifa club world cup final since 2036 s with a charity to the dream season hansei flicks already had it by on in his 1st season in charge. on the other side of the atlantic in american football the tampa bay buccaneers have celebrated their victory in sunday's super bowl with a bow parade in their hometown fans and players took to the water and a flotilla of boats sales down the hillsborough river in tampa. thousands of supporters lined the riverbank to cheer on their heroes city officials had asked attendees to wear masks and to socially distance at their request was largely ignored. that is your news

update at this hour coming up next is d w documentary looking into how likely it is that we might one day discover a planet with an ecosystem like earth stay tuned for that and remember you can always get the latest news and information around the clock on our website that state of your dot com or you can follow us on twitter and instagram at the end it's ok richard send in berlin for me the entire news team thanks so much for watching. by the meal and i'm game if you know that 17 trillion land of them are killed worldwide here but it's not just the animals that are suffering it's the army if you want to know how it went to lift off the priest alcohol just changed us as we think to listen to our podcast on the plane turns.

out he. if we just take the time to observe it nature provides us with a fascinating spectacle. of the time the inhabitants of our planet of woven complex relationships of collaboration symbiosis dependence and predation. use the planet of life running crawling all flying life abounds everywhere. but for these beautiful diversity to have proliferated earth has had to provide a favorable environment for around 2000000000 humans. more than with the conditions which enables the blooming of life on earth. and could these. conditions be present elsewhere resulting in alternative ecosystems.

but. in an attempt to answer these questions scientists scour the cosmos for signs of life. they've built giant telescopes with which to probe the universe and listen to the whispering of the stars but space has remained resolutely silent. scientists have sent probes to the very edges of our solar system. but all they have sent back has been images of planets inimical to life. over the last 25 years however astronomers have discovered thousands of incredibly diverse planets in our galaxy alone. so many strange worlds with no sign of life not one of the planets similar to our own so could it be that earth really is unique.

in this program scientists will tell the fascinating story of how earth developed how this bowl of ice and dust became the planet of life. in their laboratories or out on the ground they continued their research into the extraordinary circumstances which allowed life to appear and eventually transform this planet. they said local palos all these were trying to understand with all the possible outcomes what it was that made the uniqueness of our system was now because it seems like earth's climate fix that self to always be favorable to life that's amazing sickish with us it will. be. will explain the incredible saga from the viewpoint of their own discipline from the

birth of our planet to today's ecosystems it's a story punctuated by an incredible succession of lucky accidents to follow if you like that it was she there's the analogy with the lottery the game you know the 3 of the probability of winning is that i need it so in the game of planetary formation forming a solar system with our earth is like winning the lottery. scientists are only now seem to gather all the various chapters of these turbulent history our history that of a succession of helpful munches lucky chances and beneficial cataclysms. without a helping hand from jupiter and saturn without the moon without hurtling comets without the power of volcanoes without the genius of certain microorganisms we would not be here you perceive that it's possible that life is a one off with each case as to you know r.l.t. that only our last has all the conditions necessary for life as we know it they're

going to couldn't. let their house or sausage lab in that sense earth is probably unique although we may detect some life elsewhere as it will necessarily be completely different. it was this mind blowing series of improbable events that made earth the possibly unique life bearing planet it now is. the idea that earth may indeed be could have been spawned by this famous photo taken on the apollo 8 mission in 1968. it changed our way of looking at earth there is al planet floating like an oasis in the magnificent emptiness of space. for the. first time there we all were bacteria mammals insects and plants on the

same photo our planet a unique ecosystem and even today this photo hints that veiled with clouds an envelop in its thin atmosphere could be a learned in the universe. the 1st reason earth was able to become this welcoming blues fear is because it's at just the right distance from the sun in a narrow zone not to cause a not too cold weather temperatures are compatible with liquid water and life. but planetology has to have discovered that earth's a very presence in this goldilocks zone is itself 2 to an amazing stroke of luck. when the solar system was still young the sun came close to being taken over by the planet jupiter so how was earth able to form here.

research into the answer to this puzzle has been carried out it needs observatory. alessandro moby delhi has written a new account of the birth of our solar system. how many years ago is it is that plate working on the origin of planetary systems as like being a detective you arrive at the crime scene and use the clothes to try to work out what happens if i see. nor will but give the system so that act will issue from our solar system as it is we try to reconstruct how it formed and develop new doc when we come up with a scenario we get a shiver of excitement with thinking that maybe we've got close to what actually happened to us here more. planetology just start from the present

position of the planets attempting to hypothesize a scenario of the solar system's formation with the help of computer simulations. our solar system like all planetary systems formed from a cloud of gas and dust that surrounded the young son 4500000000 years ago. but also lasse's dim seems to have a very different structure from the majority of planetary systems discovered over the last few years. also to the greek we now think that our solar system is pretty magic system so that the a lot of chance events had to happen to fred to be as it is usually this suggests that our solar system isn't a typical planetary system but a relatively rare one more. because all shamash when we look at planets around other stars we see that quantities of a similar master jupiter are found in earth's spark plus they're not there this

isn't important if jupiter was in this part of earth it wouldn't be here so they pull up. the discovery outside our solar system of giant planets similar to jupiter but much closer to their star posed a serious puzzle for astronomers because giant planets of that kind cannot form in such suns. planets so far planets form in a disk of gas and dust that surrounds a young star the giant planets form far out where it's cold weather sags which lets these planets grow to a huge size close. like a snowball rolling down a snowy heal the planet grows ever. or bigger as it gathers to itself all the dust in its path. it calling it late when a planet gets big enough when it acquires enough mass it migrates and works towards the star at least twice and. understanding this phenomenon was

a real revolution planetary migration explains why the majority of giant planets discovered elsewhere in the galaxy don't stay in their distant orbits as they formed a spiral inwards towards this dark but in that case why didn't our own giant jupiter migrate closer to the sun why did it stop just in time leaving the space free for the future earth. should go on but of course the saturn is very important this is a giant planet too and as we've studied the dynamic between jupiter and saturn we have realized that saturn was able to stop jupiter's migration and even reverse it off it should be so jupiter started migrating to the sun but when saturn upon her there was a complicated gravitational effect which reversed the migration and the planets moved further from the sun one usually. thanks to sas and the giant planet jupiter changed trajectory it left the in

a zone of the solar system and it was this change of course that saved earth's future. without the intervention of saturn and jupiter would have ended up in the zone where earth now is earth would never have formed and we would not be here. our planet was luckier than its future neighbor mars because on its migration jupiter passed through design when mars was forming. the giant planets swallowed up a lot of the material available leaving only crumbs for mars now neighbor would end up with 110th the mass of earth which in turn. reduced its possibility of maintaining an atmosphere favorable to life. on palm could i make us stronger we're understanding how planetary migration totally changes how the planets get distributed player size their position in space and the collisions between these objects before they stabilize the planets make the system develop and

it's only particular way with a 52 year. narrowly st by assassin our planet could keep on growing and being just the right distance from the sun meant that it would later have liquid water on its surface. and yes 4500000000 years ago our planet was completely dry and it formed in the rockies own of the solar system gathering up dust with barely any water content so where did this water which would later give us our oceans come from. after initially in danger ing our young earth jupiter would give it a helping hand. for most young to be their luck we think that the formation of the growth and the migration of jupiter outlet these

bodies which formed far out in the solar systems so there was cold bodies with water they sent towards the enters around where they crashed into the still forming earth contributing are there elements to it up or down or zillion more that there. are. these bodies asteroids and comets enrich the chaotic pull of matter which earth then was with water but as our planet started to solidify the water molecules remain trapped under the surface in the magma. yes an essential mechanism for. and its future was already in place and starting to bring some of that truck to the surface. it's a mechanism that's still very active today.

the room with. these folks a knows these mountains of fire has been helping to bring water to the surface from the very beginning in earth's youth there was a lot more full kind of activity than today. so michael i mean how both when you 1st think about a volcano you think of lava danger and life threatening eruption but volcanoes were

essential for life as we know of you at that point when the. sailor just took shore duty does this is trucks in a san juan village by the volcano particular team in 1940 don't do better the

people had to move away it was a real catastrophe so to know the artist has made the volcano quite small to get the whole region was devastated where you haven't gone yes it appears from nowhere in a cornfield was that all no one could have expected it when the village was destroyed that it was still quite small but take all. you would call some found volcanoes aren't inimical to life on the contrary they were necessary for life to develop throughout earth's existence to do good things don't do that then.

what else are such explosions common. they have just not that office i've been here 6 years and i've seen 4 o'clock with an explosion like that of ash may fall on surrounding villages forest and you guessed it so what's the gas made of a composite i don't say it's 95 percent water vapor else on the and all the ok nose around the world it's mostly water in a vertical put on a prism along. the water vapor spat and by the volcanoes allowed the water to trenton the earth's balance to make its way to the surface. this has always been an. essential mechanism for keeping our planet hydrated and of life. point 4000000000 years ago thanks to the volcanoes earth sky changed filling with clouds. dilute the and rain started to lash the surface brain for millions of years

and the 1st oceans formed. yet barely had they appeared then they could have just as quickly evaporated. skittish seems the difficult bit is having liquid water so long and you don't just need age to well you need enough atmospheric pressure and atmosphere i mean on the moon there's no atmosphere so there's another benefit you look at what you want to do any good to see. if the earth's atmosphere hadn't been dense enough the water would have evaporated into space in the form of vapor. fortunately the gas produced in abundance by the volcano has maintained enough of an atmospheric pressure for earth to be able to hold on to its early oceans. but the oceans of the young earth soon faced another danger that the freezing over. the sun was still weak 30 percent less

bright than it is now earth therefore needed a greenhouse effect to keep its surface warm enough and its water in a liquid state. the screen house effect appeared very early on in earth's history thanks to the water vapor and c o 2 abundantly present in the atmosphere of ash will be 2 months 6 a day of course we know that c o 2 increased by human activity is a bad thing too much as i'm good but we needed some back there and still do if there wasn't a bit in the atmosphere the surface temperature would be 15 degrees the colder a contract then with the sun younger and less bright it would. but much colder beaucoup earth would have been frozen but about minus 60 degrees it's also not favorable to life up 0 percent of. the volcanoes where yet again contributing to making earth habitable in their ex aleisha as they would constantly spewing out shoot quantities of c

o 2 along with the water vapor. has sued the c o 2 sat out by the volcanoes accumulated the greenhouse effect increased the ice melted and the oceans thought we think this happened 400 or 500000000 years ago if you recall this period snowball earth in the earth emerged from it like that if it's the greenhouse effect increased and we got back a climate with liquid water favorable to like. but with the constant eruptions the c o 2 from the volcanoes was steadily accumulating in the young earth's atmosphere the greenhouse effect could have gone out of control turning out planet into a furnace. fortunately that was a safety valve c o 2 can dissolve in water. over millions of years and it's trapped in calc areas

formations and no longer acts as a greenhouse gas he remains trapped you know at the bottom of the ocean in mineral form. the quantity of c o 2 in the atmosphere then a very stupid thing on the amount of liquid water on earth's surface. over very long time scales this make an ism regulates our planet's climate. get back to office the fascinating thing about or which may make it unique is that all through its very long existence all 4 and a half 1000000000 years variations in the lunar. asadi of the sun have been concentrated for by a variable greenhouse. and if it feels. like a sort of geographical thermostat keeping the earth always inhabitable with oceans on the surface it will still want to show us.

but these thermostat needed one more tweak to get it working perfectly and make our planet truly favorable to life. over hundreds of millions of years but the c o 2 in the atmosphere could have ended up trapped in the film account kerry is wrong at the bottom of the ocean. they wouldn't have been enough in circulation to keep the thermostat going and it would have broken down. a mechanism possibly unique to our planet allowed for the reinjection it c o 2 into the atmosphere plate tectonics. then for the compunction you have to realize that the earth has a sort of crust of cold and solid rock. inside there is warmer rock the mantle

which changes shape and this is. a clue so you might imagine that the crust forms a solid complete shell like an egg shell around a softer inside but that's not right the movements of the shifting rock on the inside were powerful enough to rub up against of the crust and crack it in the places where. the earth's crust is fragmented into 10 plates which are displaced by the movements of the mantle. where the plates come together they crunch over each other dragging the rocks that were at the bottom of the ocean deep into. the bowels of the earth and also just the c o 2 recycling begin. under the enormous pressure and heat the ropes melt and the magma is spewed back out onto the surface taking the c o 2 with it. the c

o 2 escape seen gas form during volcanic eruptions finally back in the atmosphere the c o 2 may or may not be captured again by the oceans depending on climatic conditions the circle is complete. sometime with the show it's a very particular geophysical firmest that which we think has really controlled the climate conditions on earth and made a life possible namely short lived. if you changed in the plate tectonics just a little having slightly more or fewer than 10 plagues and then with the recycling it's the ultimate concentration would have been different and the bias ears would have evolved differently that they or.

if they yes so then this begs another important question secure this a plate tectonics just what seems to be the key the key to life on earth there so it isn't like tectonic something really common in the rest of the galaxy angels and or something unique more very rare. in the solar system you don't find anywhere else in the black in the new. plate tectonics maybe the fact to which earth's neighboring planets lacked for life to appear on and survive then. yet one of the solar systems on the rocky planets did get off to a good start early in its history. with volcanoes c o 2 and water mines enjoyed an environment similar to earth's. i don't know if you saw there was an environment not imagine a blue mars with lakes and rivers up on something there was an ocean in the northern hemisphere it also it was an environment of favorable to life obese and.

all would seem to have been set up then for the planet to function in a similar fashion the current state of the red planet however clearly shows that something went wrong. so mass and young mars cooled down much faster that i disagree massive events mars is half the size of earth it's a bit like comparing a huge pot of hot water to a cup of tea i mean bushels of a big part cool slower than a cup of tea which is mars i would die and that the inside caught faster is soft but the and so there was no chance as we understand it for plate tectonics to arise by you so if there was no recycling that could maintain a climate favorable to oceans for billions of years mars had hundreds of millions of years and there is something in there after it became a very sterile planet and it pristine.

monsters tragedy is that it's too small and fell into a deadly spiral because of its small amounts there was insufficient gravity to hold on to its atmosphere and the drop in atmospheric pressure was inexorable and the solar wind swept it all away and some of the water evaporated the rest froze blue must became red mars a victim of its own small size. was about all that there so you think the earth is just not the right size so why is there no fly. tectonics on venus which is the same size as earth with us why is that time one of the unlike earth has been is has hardly any water the water's all gone and the mantle is very dry not very lubricated if you can't move much more doesn't place any plates on the surface especially new so venus has a sort of unbroken shell all around the planet it doesn't have the mechanism that

earth so it's not just important to be the right size but to have water in the mantle and they don't they really don't want to. birth has enough water to lubricate it's plate tectonics venus doesn't and yet the 2 planets were formed from the same materials. one very special event during earth's youth could have hydrated stampedes. this in us you know this is the idea for the mantle to have got sufficiently hydrated sufficiently lubricated early in its existence earth suffered a huge cataclysmic he's in we think that the young earth was struck by another planet the size of mars which we call taya and the young.

a few tens of millions of years after its birth the earth suffered a cataclysm which almost destroyed just how bright the chaos of the solar system is origins still reigned. in asia imagine around earth hundreds of moons or dozens of the planet mars colliding repeatedly and so these objects grow in the form planet maybe planets. if you suddenly an object the size of mars comes to. the wards are earth and crashes into the surface at a speed something like 15 kilometers per 2nd act on the nuclear med possible. thing yet crashed into earth the energy released by this enormous collision was equivalent to hundreds of billions of hydrogen bombs. back that didn't want you any

impact is so violent that the impacting object is destroying less fuel for the surface of the earth is completely liquified and the core of the impacting body penetrates the earth's mantle and it's becoming part of the earth's core we think the earth's core fused with that of the impacting body. though. the collision was so violent that the water contained in there was driven deep into with school mixing with the water already present there in this way they are hydrated the depths of the earth's mantle making it possible later for the plate tectonic system to function. as a species secular service but if it's right and it's impressive it shows us that for life to have existed on earth all this time that we needed that chance impact a very early in earth's history to hydrate the mantle and maintain its lubrication and have this phenomenon here.