for photosynthesis. this great innovation by cyanobacteria was their ability to manufacture their own food sugars from the 3 most abundant elements on primitive earth water carbon dioxide and sunlight this process of photosynthesis also produces a cal carious deposit which surrounds and protects the cyanobacteria allowing them to form colonies. don't go. but a lovely piece is growing real i'm getting really really fast as. we have at least at least a 100 micrometers of growth per year maybe even $200.00 to $250.00. down that's wonderful well. so much on that if we were happy this morning because we found a colonization system as we placed here 5 years ago yes now colonized by microbial communities which produce these minerals in very quick grabs off the top it's about

a millimeter prepared all down which is huge spear if it did not. 2.4000000000 years ago cyanobacteria benefited from an unexpected asset to help them colonize and dominate earth's ecosystem photosynthesis produced a waste product oxygen which was poisonous to the 1st organisms on earth the sausage and released in great quantities into the atmosphere wreaked havoc on other primitive organisms leaving the field clear for the cyanobacteria. corner looks easy and as oxygen was toxic for many other organisms they impose themselves and certain initiatives. on the 1st day of a learn to resist this toxic oxygen and then they colonized this new oxygen.

children that are in this film are due to everywhere from the oceans to make sure not all sorts of surfaces are on my hands and you know. the cyanobacteria became the most abundant organisms on earth and their massive presence changed the planet. the atmosphere now contained oxygen and oxygen also provided life on earth with a new protective barrier. high up in the atmosphere ultraviolet radiation transformed oxygen into ozone and gave a vital shield the ozone layer. earth's surface was now protected from harmful ultraviolet radiation and new forms of life were free to evolve in the open air. on the way you measure that they are called for through a member when you see a picture of earth such as from a space station that you see how incredibly thin the protective atmosphere is here

remember this then film which was made by life itself over time and you realize to what extent all these particular areas were essential not just for earth anybody short for the life in which it is all that all of you go. thanks to the cyanobacteria a fascinating self-perpetuating circle came into being. at 1st birth helped to foster the. evolution of life but then with oxygen it was life changing earth

making earth increasingly welcoming to the evolution of life. our planet started to look different becoming a green planet a planet the color of chlorophyll. yokes you share now with oxygen his role in releasing energy and they building the release of our lots of energy through chemical reaction and it's more useful for animals and probably lead to the evolution of a multicellular organisms and with the she left she few. multicellular organisms then larger animals could now evolve thanks to this new element essential for keeping these increasingly complex biological machines

running. new features requiring a great energy input like muscles a liver or a brain could now form. a little. evolution shaped our planet and its diversity evolution and life on earth into socio. by us remembering i'm stunned by a biological diversity of life is constantly evolving i'm producing not just the parrot but all these forms of animals and plants that i see here in this hi mary for i seem to have a. vision of unconscious but i also realized how hard this world can be so you know it's

beautiful but it's a world of all of struggles between different types of organisms you don't get national if you're compatible and when i can see darwin i came up with his theory of natural selection that's really the message having come to places like this you should understand where you can see these selection mechanisms work and all the time you can use more basic shong trinkle. our ecosystem is the culmination of a long dialogue between life and the environment a dialogue orchestrated by the rules of evolution. that you could also present even useful when individuals are almost identical in varied circumstances and in the population of these individuals some will have a small particularities and this particularities may give them a competitive advantage for getting food or reaper. dusek said we deal with all but

you sure it will reproduce faster and gradually supply of those that don't have the particularity the id it's the environment that has selected the individuals best adapted to the current circumstances of course all that i get is that. the environment itself was now modified by the biological activity of these individuals . evolution in fact is a constant back and forth between the environment and its inhabitants. in the men there's no purposeful direction while it's not a straight line making evolution progress from bacteria to humiliate and it does go from bacteria to us but also from bacteria to bacteria whishaw city evolution is a sort of fan going in every possible direction. evolution explores what is biologically possible and you know she. doesn't move what we're in constant movement and this is what has created something absolutely unique that should be

more than just. the seize the rich dynamic that has been driving earth since its origins stimulated by the diversity of its environments and climates life is permanently inventing new solutions from one continent to another species evolved differently coming up with new strategies c.r. last year we read launched evolution since the origin of life would we get the same result and i probably not that they say history repeats itself but it doesn't really somethings are repeat here but history is always different it's the same with life by if we threw the dice again it's unlikely we get the same animals and plants that we have to get on the ground all morning. evolution on earth is a coming together for the adaptations of genetics and the environment in that environment which is itself the result of a long succession of chance advanced shy. multiply it by chums. see

it's all this chance which is made earth unique in the. music was used and the ecosystems in which we find ourselves it's no desert sand or sea we won't find them anywhere else. this ecosystem is the result of a random process the probability of evolution producing a similar result on another planet seems very weak and yet for the last 25 years astronomers have discovered countless planets in our galaxy they are now quite certain that around most stars there are planets the actual number of planets in the universe must be beyond our imagination. to put a lot of good monkey on this is the argument brought up to challenge this change of paradigm and yet then there are billions of galaxies all with billions of planets

that's true but billions of billions is an infinity of them yelled it when asked what they are thus and there are billions of people that were all different it's not about there being a billions of galaxies it's that in a probability terms billions of billions may not be a big enough number for us to find an identical case when you know you don't teach . the old gus for the who in any case if we do discover another life on it will be surprising and fundamentally different from life on earth. should not time i wouldn't expect to find a tree on another planet or an ecosystem identical to destroy on the sea if you life has occurred on other planets based on a similar chemistry i'm not even sure there would be an amazing planet a timeline a prompt. look bhosle buckle don't imagine we could find our environment on another. the

planet it's a complete illusion is could there be a planet being my answer is very harsh there is no planet b. and it's criminal to say there is you see there's only one spaceship with earth ecosystems and that's earth there will be no other. in the op by the. her for around 4000000000 years earth has been home to a life of increasing diversity constantly inventing new strategies to survive cataclysms or changes in the environment. life always seems to be on the front foot as though determined to survive in one form or another. yet today it seems that this beautiful machine ecosystem could well be stalling as a result of the depredations done to it by now own species. of 50 to 2nd and we are part of this same biodiversity this ecosystem that if we destroy it back then

that's all part of this ecology in a deep way and will probably go extinct a surprise but we won't be the last to go will go a long time before the bacteria were just a leaf at the end of a branch which is billions of years old the same as all the bacteria all the trees all the plants and all the microorganisms on the planet for the game itself were just one more part of his biodiversity nothing more than managed to. panic.

back. asimov. to only. 3 or not too well. what about a shoe because in stead. of. a change in thinking he's changing the economy to create something new. the economics magazine made in germany. on 30 minutes w. . hy meal and i'm game did you know that 17 trillion

landed on a pill worldwide so that we can do coke but it's not just the animals at all suffering it's the environment we went on a journey to find ways out of the nutrition if you want to know how weightlifting the priests and the huntress changed us as we think this listen to our podcast on the green fence. young german and jewish just one jewish son was. does that mean in daily life and at school there's nothing to say we shouldn't be given a special status but the completely normal ones i mean 11 teenagers 11 stories hey i'm jewish and so. young german and jewish starts feb 22nd on d w. this

is news coming to you live from spain a 2nd night of unrest over the jailing of a. police a police face furious demonstrations in cities across the country protesters are bending the release of. who's in prison for toward terrorism and insulting the royal family also coming up. security forces were ordered to launch a rescue operation after attack a school killing a student and abducting 40 other people.