women are in charge. the archipelago has a matriarchal system for centuries. the rare form of society. women differently than men. what they do with their power. and how sustainable this culture. starts marching on t.w. . this is news and these are our top stories. this robotic science rather perseverance has landed successfully on for 7 months 480000000 kilometer journey through space of the next 2 years the astrobiology biology laboratory were used to drill into the surface and collect rock samples to determine whether life once

existed on moms scientists hope to get the samples 2031. spanish cities are saying a 3rd not of unrest as anger grows up with the conviction of a spanish wrap up the protest began on tuesday night after public was sentenced to 9 months in jail for tweets and lyrics that prosecutors say glorified terrorism and slanted the monarchy demonstrators say the conviction is an attack on free speech. italy's prime minister mario draghi has won a vote of confidence in the country's lower house of parliament the final step needed for his government to exercise full powers at least facing a health crisis caused by the coronavirus and longstanding economic wars this is news from berlin you can follow us on twitter and instagram the handle is at the news or go to web website to be found at the dot com.

in the middle of a pandemic information can save lives lockdowns give social media more social value so what is facebook up to down under this morning facebook blocked all news leaks for users in australia no viewing no sharing tonight hash tag delete facebook is trending again australia's prime minister has a reminder for big tech you may be changing the world but that doesn't mean you're running the world to go off in berlin this is the day. this is an assault on a stronger nice and it isn't assault on people's freedom facebook was wrong facebook sections were unnecessary that way and if you're doing business in

a strat you need to comply with the laws we just want the rules of the digital world to be the sign that exists in the real world and there are many eyes across the world that a focused on what a stranger is doing right now we started a fight to stop this to happen and perhaps it's time to put people on the problem. also coming up the state of texas in a deep freeze the power grid has collapsed it is so severe that some people are faced with either freezing to death or burning their possessions to stay warm. every source of power that the state of texas has has been compromised and if out of the house it's almost like minus through the end of one it's recalling time. to our viewers on p.b.s. in the united states and to all of you around the world welcome we begin the day down on there where no news in the news is the news on social media on thursday in

a decision facebook described as regrettable the social media giant blocked all news leaks for users in australia and unexpected move in what has become a standoff between facebook google and the australian government and a new law will require big tech companies to pay for the news content that is posted and shared on their platforms the wall has critics who say forcing anyone to pay to link information online basically breaks the internet google has already reached agreements with some of australia's biggest publishers and news outlets but facebook it's balking and says the legislation does not reflect the reality of how business and social media work today's decision constitutes a direct challenge to the legislative authority of australia and that did not go unnoticed among lawmakers their air original mission was to bring the price to get

out and to allow people to help share and express what matters to them well that seems to have been replaced by profit the people i think i still think terrible and i can get all my needs and one spot believe me but they're effectively saying to astronomy and you will not fund content. on aflat form which comes from. an organization which employs professional journalists which has editorial policy which has fact checking for us this is environment we are now laurel not putting up a framework where they can hold apple's book accountable and people are very right in the range it thinks. it will be able to take. at it and maybe it will mean that people read less easily socially. as soon as we have a very small set of its own platforms controlling access to news for example that

is not just a question of compensation and such a question of. resilience a question of getting to from. a new. question of dependency well facebook and friends australia but that does not answer the question who will pay for news content and quality journalism to talk about that showdown down under i'm joined tonight by 2 media insiders from new york jeff jarvis is a journalism professor at city university of new york he's a blogger at buzz machine dot com he has also written several books including what would google do and mathew ingram writes about digital media for the columbia journalism review his piece out today is entitled google and facebook grapple with news publishers as all straight you have becomes a test case gentlemen both of you welcome to the program matthew let me start with you how did all stray you've become as you write ground 0 in the battle over who

pays for news. well australia took laws that have been advanced in countries like france and germany and took a an extra step so they made a stronger version of those types of laws and i think that's really concentrated well you can tell it's concentrated the attention of both google and facebook and they're doing everything in their power to get australia to change. and we see jeff facebook and google diverging down under google signing deals with news corp for example facebook blocking australian publishers from posting or sharing news on its platform what's your take on this all of this started some years ago as matthew said in germany with aleister threat which is the ancillary copyright was an effort to try to get money out of the platforms and has not worked very well now australia

has gone farther and said basically pay up or else and google said ok we'll pay up we're sick of this facebook said we'll take the else and they called australia's bluff in australia this is a law that came straight out of rupert murdoch with politicians in his pocket it is nothing short of blackmail and bribery of the platforms and it does break the web if you want to tax the platforms war that's a few but the entitlement of thinking that should go to news publishers why wouldn't go to health care or education or internet access well jeff i mean the critics going to come back and say shouldn't we be paying the news outlets for the content that they are providing the content that is being shared on these platforms . that's the fallacy of this legislation in any sane and normal market the publishers would be paying the platforms for the publishers are just putting up a headline or a little bit of

a lead so they can send traffic people us to the publishers and that's free marketing. leave the platforms aren't really getting any value out of news in fact a problem i think we're going to discover here is how valueless news is to both google and facebook facebook says only 4 percent of its traffic is news and now that's going to go down to 0 in australia i mean do you agree with that matthew i mean we i've always heard that having a set of eyes on anything on any surface area when we're talking about the web brings in advertising revenue so automatically by having a platform that has news content aren't you automatically generating more revenue than you would without the content. sure you are and i think google and facebook would both argue that publishers benefit from being seen by more people that's why they put their content on those platforms there are quite easy ways to not have your content on those platforms in google's case you can add

a single line of text to a robot's text file which tells them not to call your web site so if you don't want to put your content there you don't have to and if you do put it there you're effectively benefiting from the reach that that gets you in the traffic that they send you and so google and facebook are arguing. we provide you a benefit yes you share your content and we use it to attract people or keep them there but you get them out of a benefit as well so why should we pay on top of well if if we look at the last 20 years advertising revenue has gone from newspapers particularly united states straight to facebook and google at the 80 percent now of the revenue that the newspapers used to have has gone to google and facebook so do they not just automatically have a responsibility to help pay for the news content jeff i mean advertising story go ahead i was just going to say advertising was

advertising was leaving newspapers before the internet came along t.v. took advertising away lots of other things took advertising away i don't think it was just google and facebook they're they're by far the sort of largest players in digital ads now but it's not as though that money was siphoned directly from newspapers to them. ok and nor did god give those publishers that revenue and so there was this new competition it's a reality of capitalism well then who's going to pay for the the local news content that i think we would all agree that democracy is functioning democracies have to have in order to have an educated and informed electorate. it's going to take time to figure that out i'm researching a book now on the gutenberg age and it took 13200 years before we got the copyright and the business model for print it took 150 years before the newspaper was

invented this could be a very long stream here news it news right now a very inefficient industry we copy each other all the time we waste resources doing the same stories if we got down to the nub of an efficient and effective journalism i think it's more likely to be supported yes still by advertising yes by subscription but by other mechanisms we work on this at my school commerce membership other mechanisms to help pay for news what about treating news as a public good instead of as a a commodity or a commercial good i think you could definitely do that and that might even be a good thing but you certainly wouldn't do it the way australia has i mean if you want to say that google and facebook control a large part of the web and we should tax them and use that revenue to help media then you should do that in the the problem i think a lot of people have with this law is that it's a kind of backdoor way of doing that if you're if you want to tax tech companies

and fund media then do that. and jeff aren't that you have the last thought here before we run out of time is it the big fear right now when the world's watching else trail you that that legislation is going to become something like a contagion and we're going to see it here in the european union and maybe even in the united states. well yesterday with the heritage of the destroyer in canada matthews holder has talked about does iraq see this legislation the e.u. has talked about it as well as i said it really springs from legislation in germany and now in the e.u. with the digital copyright act there this is going around and around and i think it's felicia's because it's not really about copyright it's not really about content this is about the relationships that both publishers and blood forms have with citizens jeff jarvis and mathew ingram to both of you gentlemen we appreciate you taking the time to talk about this this story has some long legs i'm sure we'll

be talking again thank you thanks. it has not been this cold in texas in decades now on day 3 of a massive winter snap thinkers are being pointed at who is to blame for the millions of people who are left without power and heating many still don't have electricity this in a state that produces more energy than the entire country of britain texas has its own independent power grid separate from the u.s. power grid in a moment we'll talk about the temps and troubles in texas but 1st this a look at how low temperatures in the lone star state have become life threatening . to cloud and how some brave to loan icy try to get their loved ones to a boom shelter to spend a chest shop in houston has a generator to keep the lights on the owner is letting families stay overnight. to

refer to. it in the trailer there's no installation anything like that says quote of the week we can't we can't afford to have them freeze in not being able to feed feedom. he's grow for propane canisters to power gas stoves grills to cook because millions of homes still have no electricity. but the unexpected cold snap crippled the power grid. for the every source of power that the state of texas has has been compromised whether it be renewable power such as wind or solar but also as i mentioned today. access to coal generated power access to gas generator power at systems for hours and equipment failed energy companies used to rolling blackouts

to conserve electricity. water pipes best in the blistering cold texas officials warned residents to boil a top floor to the for drinking it claiming damage to water infrastructure. with low temperatures expected for a few more days many texans have no choice but to struggle lone. it's hard to imagine that happening in the united states to talk about that i'm joined tonight by mark jacobson he's a professor of engineering with the energy program at stanford university morgans good to have you on the program you know this isn't the 1st time we've seen cold weather in the united states it happens all the time in minnesota and wisconsin and there of the the grid doesn't collapse so why did it collapse in texas. well in texas well the 1st thing to point out is that in taxes each person uses $2.00 to $2.00 and a quarter times the electricity compared with the person in california so that it's

very inefficient energy system they don't have much energy efficiency buildings or not whether it is very well so they have a lot of heat and cold losses and so that's the 1st thing so there's a huge demand for energy and then with this and it's very rare that you get this cold temperature in texas that happened in 2011 as well but you know everything frozen nuclear plant nuclear reactor was shut down because of the cold 50 percent of the enter the electricity is produced from natural gas and the natural gas mining was shut down as well as the district you know there are other countries like denmark where they have are 50 percent of their wind sort of 50 percent are interested from wind and there's no problem at all that's because they're prepared with you know devices on the turbines to go with the ice so texas was prepared terms of the wind and in terms of just the rest of the infrastructure when you see the mission and you see that we're prepared to market it but it's it sounds like

from understanding you right it sounds like that the authorities the regulators in charge of the whole energy grid they just haven't been investing they haven't been spending the money because they thought that mother nature would let them get away with it. yeah i mean temperatures are generally warmer in texas that it don't have these events and in fact with regard to the wind and wind has grown since 2000 leavens humungous late and you know they just were maybe doing nickel and dime you know a little bit but you know or as i've mentioned they're not only other countries but many states in the u.s. that are it's colder than texas they have no problem with their winter mines so that was not the problem a lot of people are blaming the winter bodies with that is just a minor portion of it is mostly natural gas coal and nuclear there went down every energy source to your down. and what do you make of the republican governor in texas greg abbott. he was trying to twist the narrative here suggesting that the

power power failure would have been even worse if the state relied more heavily on renewable energy. i mean is that even true. no it's the actual it's the opposite i mean when you actually rely completely on renewable energy 1st of all and you have of it's not only just wind it's well it's not onshore wind is offshore wind and texas has a huge amount of offshore wind for example that you don't get to see the freezing problems associated with the other solar it is a big state so you could have some places where the solar is not very good because there's a huge storm but other plumbers of the state you do generate solar and battery storage and other types of storage and nurse but there's also as i mentioned efficiency like instead of heating homes with gas heaters if they switch to heat pumps they use one 4th of the energy as a gas heater so in terms of electricity only one 4th the electricity to just don't eat as much energy to keep going to things going and let in fact electrify

everything in texas and providing electricity with clean renewable energy would reduce power to manage and use power demand by around 60 percent become a deficiency of electricity or combustion you know. that up there would be a big improvement definitely i've got about a minute left in me ask you this texas has its own grid system that separate from the u.s. grid did that did that play a role in this disaster. it does because you know other states when they're like california for example when it doesn't have enough electricity it imports the felicity from other states and regions where it's texas has limited ability to do that and so that's part of keeping the grid stable with renewable energy because you know even if one place you don't have a lot of noodles somewhere else in the country you have a lot going on and so that really helps to keep the grid stables but you're connecting through the transmission system better so you're growing up storage as

well i mean having batteries you know how many individual homes with solar batteries surface or a number if you started off in the batteries to keep it going for 3 or 4 years yeah so it's really an optimization problem if it is possible to solve the problem with just clean renewable energy what you say seems to make a lot of sense a lot of common sense marc jacobs from from stanford university's energy program mark we appreciate your time and your insights tonight thank you. and here in. the u.k. is launching the world's 1st study of people volunteering to be infected with the coronavirus that's after the trial received the backing of the country's ethics panel dozens of volunteers between the ages of $18.30 will be exposed to the virus without being vaccinated beforehand and the aim here is to track how the immune system responds and to identify factors influencing how infected people transmit

the virus the trial using less susceptible young people is not without critics regulators here in germany rejected similar tests calling them an ethical but the british project's director says the trials are essential to staying one step ahead of mutations demon bar of china's most because they directly inoculate volunteer is able to establish whether the vaccine is working extremely crazy eventually that will be a variant which some of which is aids then they eat the current vaccines and new vaccines will be needed i for more i'm joined tonight by dr david strain from the university of exeter medical school in england dr strange it's good to have you on the program explain for our viewers how infecting people with existing forms of the corona virus young healthy people and how will that help engine ear vaccines against future mutations. yeah good evening so the 1st

stage of doing any sorts of vaccine program is to get sick greats understanding of the disease when coby 98 fish presented itself a in the u.k. we also felt least that these were unethical because at that time we didn't know enough about the disease we didn't know how it spread we didn't know the way it was transmitted through the body we don't know the fire a load for example that it takes to go from exposure through to infection we now know a lot about the disease itself so we know what happens if you present with co it that we've got very good at treating that but we still don't know the requirement to go from being exposed to somebody with corona virus 3 to actually getting that disease the 1st stage of this this exposure program is to get a great understanding of that element and then it's to work with the different vaccines in order to figure out the best ways to prevent that for future variants

of the corona virus before they actually start spreading amongst the general population we understand the people taking part in the human challenge trials they're very young at the oldest will be 30 you specialize in health care for older adults i want to play something one of your colleagues has said and then i want to find out if you agree to take a listen the immune system of a younger person is very different from the insistence of an older person so you will get slightly different sponsors and younger people having said that we can learn an awful lot about how the virus acts by tracking it sort of from the very beginning of infection minute by minute to see what those responses are and we can use that information to design better therapies and vaccines the darkest strain do you agree that the results the information gleaned from younger participants will be beneficial for all age groups especially older people who we know are more at risk from the coronavirus. and i agree with everything that was in that statement

and tali the need systems are different we do see unison essence but we have to guess the vaccines right 1st then getting the vaccines right in the younger population who got the lowest risk of having an adverse outcome from mainz those vaccines and then spread and be used in other populations this is the way the vaccines that we already have were developed the pfizer vaccine and mcdonagh vaccine did knox from vaccine another fact all started in these young 6 healthy population and then they moved to older populations and eventually were tested in the frail and a very fun rable this is a good way of getting the next generation of vaccines that started. it was in fancy name the way you describe it this is a voluntary study you've said that there might be some issues with the full disclosure requirement so what's what would be the problem there so

that's the biggest issue that we have with these types of studies we know that the to do a study to get a good ethical approval you need full disclosure as to what the risks of the studies are and we know that the population aged between 18 to 30 that are volunteering for the study has got a very low risk of going to i.c.u. or to die of dying of this disease the only clue that we don't yet know is what the risk practice off for the long cove it. let me ask you this before we run out of got about 30 seconds i spoke earlier this week with sharon peacock and she heads the ukase genome sequencing center or consortium for corona virus mutations are you working together with that consortium i mean because it sounds like your work would complement each other. and there are many different centers within within the u.k. on the genetics and that center is 5 far and away the biggest actually that is the

reason that we know so much about the different mutations in the u.k. we are doing almost whole for the gene the typing of the spires anyone around the world and the 2nd closest country to us when it comes to gene and i think is south africa he's doing 8 times fewer than we are and that's why the appearance is that the majority of new variants are arising in the u.k. when the reality is we're the only people who are actually looking for it which is why we're finding them well you're doing very important valuable work and we certainly appreciate it dr david strain from exeter medical school thank you for your time and your insights tonight you're welcome. well the day is almost done the conversation continues online you'll find us on twitter you don't need to be a news you can follow me print off t.v. of remember whatever happens between now and then tomorrow is another day.

to the point the strong opinion clear position of international perspective such. can anybody still china's search to global dominance that's perhaps the biggest foreign policy challenge facing a new u.s. president joe biden so how would he respond that would be communication or confrontation find out onto the point show tonight to the point. next on w o l. it's about 1000000000. dollar

. it's about the foundation of the new movie world order. the silk road. sign a wanting to use the network of trade routes to expand its global influence including euro conflicts are inevitable. in 45 minutes on d w. closely . carefully. don't look. to get.

discovered. subscribe to the documentary. who can stop china's global dominance it's one huge question and one huge challenge that is facing the new u.s. president joe biden. biden has inherited a divided. america from his previous answer donald trump meanwhile she jinping china is both expensive and or for a tarion it's 2 rival systems apparently.