right shooting and ha now that left 9 people dead because in france all to steinmeyer addressed the families of the victims telling them he regretted that authorities have been unable to protect their loved ones. that is your news update at this hour stay tuned for our covidien $1000.00 special and i richard say in berlin for me an entire team thanks much for watching the. down low double our. work people have to say matters to us. the troy we listen to stories reporter there every weekend on d w. term children to come to terms. one giant problem. in north america the people here you.

implied it may lead to a change in their fuel economy. how will climate change affect us and our children. and g.w. dot com slash water. it's enjoyed one of the world strictest lockdowns. 11 on a month long 24 hour curfew has bought most people from leaving their homes because . the protests like this one here beirut have led to a gradual easing. now hospital staff worry the strain on resources will grow. the good news officials are rolling out a vaccine. campaign. critics say it's too slow and perhaps too fragile in

a country where government skepticism and outright anger continue to grow. so can the vaccine turn things around for levanon that's a question i posed to our guest from beirut in a moment a clinical psychologist who's grappling with the issue of whether to stay in the country or go like many medical professionals the way forward for lebanon will not be easy the country council's significant refugee population including large numbers of palestinians and even more arrivals from syria the demographics affect how the pandemic plays out a un report shows the covert mortality rate for palestinian refugees in lebanon is a whopping 3 times higher than other groups. corona virus infections continue to surge medical capacity is a ready stretched to its limits and with the financial crisis having crushed the economy half full citizens now live in poverty where to turn. every bad here

is for staff working around the clock. as they risk their lives. to save lives. like their patients here at refuge hariri university hospital in beirut they too are free and . giving all but i see my children every day but every day i live in fear that i may transmit this virus to them i'm trying my best to protect them that they can't have me on. the situation has been getting worse every day for the last 3 weeks. and we have about 20 patients and it measures here to wake the crew and give it to her this is really pretty exhausting for auto stuff. for more than a month the country has been under

a 24 hour a day curfew to try to tackle the spread of kobe 19. but anti lockdown protests in cities like tripoli put pressure on the government to begin easing restrictions and last week ministers began relaxing some of its lockdown measures that may help the struggling economy but it's worrying health workers the number of. infections in the community is still hard we have more than 20 percent positivity and if we have pretty much really opened a company that was really to reverse some of the older games that we have. you know our chief. while patients here are receiving the best care available a shortage of medicines is making the job for health professionals even tougher. the economic crisis is also forcing some to leave lebanon all together.

we can seize the skill that helps with cures just looking forward to me because i don't have exact numbers but at least i will from a prestigious 2 situations. talk of stuff to her this have 302250 physicians like 60 people to have it but to have left which is a quite significant number. in the middle of a pandemic hospitals like this can't afford to lose a single member of staff. but with lebanon in crisis they may have no choice. but it could he is a clinical psychologist and joins us from beirut what's your explanation for so many doctors leaving the country. when several factors of course have in fact that the citizens of these professionals starting with the devaluation of the lebanese town towards the dollar so the income that they used to make is you know now

peanuts but i think the biggest decision really came after that made with blast in august when it's really had security and the security of their families and some of them they had the clinics destroyed the hospitals you have 7 hospitals that were destroyed family homes i think this is what pushed people over the at and then they decided to leave unfortunately so it comes down to you know not just the financial but also the distrust in the government is that is that also where this distrust comes from is as far as taking a vaccine. and this this does is it is a minor word actually for what differentiates towards the government. but yet it's it's not only at this job it's a sense of security and you know security is really the basis to build on the life you need to be secure anyway in order to be able to drive into work and have a family. in love and have relationships etc so when this is not present and

debated with plus it was very difficult on people because it hits people in their comfort zones and they homes you know people are at home you know where you know visiting other people or in cafes so it wasn't you know like there was a declared war and then you know shelling started it was just out of the blue is that this gets asked if you happened and it hurts many people and when the security base is shaken that that hurts a lot so many we have many doctors who are young physicians and doctors and who are starting to establish their kid who are left but you also have very well established doctors and professionals who had that period of 3040 years in lebanon who also left so that tells you how difficult it is pretty much on everybody to be living here will tell me if it does affect everybody what about you are you going to stay when you just told us about the financial crisis they were blas now the

coronavirus crisis. yeah i mean maybe we're giving it's another year my husband and family and i and and see where that goes it's also very difficult to leave you know you have to understand our relationship with lebanon the lebanese 11 and it's a love hate relationship we love the country we want to be here we want to serve it we want to build it but sometimes the country hasn't left us back and it's been very difficult and it comes a point where you need to have a you know you have to cut this dysfunctional relationship some people have done it to me i find it more difficult but who knows i hope i won't have to get to that decision now in terms of that go for it of course the whole world is dealing with covert 19 and i make that lebanon has so many other levels of problems starting you know with the security issues with the with the economic issues with the government . and then on top of this the covert 19 so it is it's been very difficult and you

mentioned that this just about the vaccine well that this i mean i don't i don't think that there's such as necessarily with the government per se but it's more about you know lack of education about what the vaccine is and you have all these conspiracy theories you know that what if they're putting a chip in on us and you know all these things that you know are very common now but out more and more i must say since the 1st day we got the vaccination until now the numbers has different than quite they're perfect so it's been it's been very good i think you got yours could the vaccine and i think you got yours again change your mind so you have it on could go away saying no vaccine making a real difference. i think so if anything on the minimal level in terms of at least opening up the country boosting a bit the economy the travel of people going in and out you know opening again you know shops and restaurants because you've been under lockdown since mid january and

so many more times before so i think that will make it a fence yes it will help for sir i will think it's crossed by say korea's been a pleasure talking to you thank you very much for being on the show today thank you so much for having me. and staying in the region and a question one of our viewers had here is our science correspondent derek way. now that vaccines are beginning to be widely distributed how long will they take to actually have an effect on society. we've got the 1st tantalizing answer to this key question now from israel at an early stage of vaccine development its government struck collaboration deals with companies to receive vaccines quickly and at scale once they were approved in return it agreed to pay top dollar but also to share subsequent data collected by israel's

extensive highly organized public health care system in effect the agreements turned the entire country into a fast track giant scale real world experiment on the dynamics of disease spread in a population during the largest vaccine campaign in history and i'm happy to say that the results so far which were published just a few days ago on what very good. since the end of december israel has fully vaccinated close to one out of every 3 people in the country so they've received both doses of the impressive numbers on efficacy from trials indicated that those people should be well protected just 2 weeks after the 2nd shot but that was in trials with that also proved true in the real world well. israeli studies comparing hundreds of thousands of fully vaccinated adults to those who didn't get the

vaccine and now showed over 90 percent effectiveness in the vaccinated group in other words they were many many times less likely to develop symptomatic of at 19 just as the trial had predicted there were also over 90 percent less likely to develop severe disease and that was regardless of age of one of the authors told the vaccines incredibly effective in real life that's pretty much the most hopeful news i've heard so far this year. science correspondent eric williams there finally how about a slice with that shot there talked about the big vaccination push on in israel well many organizers there are offering free perks like pizza for anyone getting the job that is towns and even businesses across israel working closely with the

country's health care networks to drive up vaccination participation and i'm just offering food one buy in tel aviv was even offering free drinks to the freshly vaccinated nonalcoholic of course just to feel safe side inside the health workers get on to. i'll take the job if he may have a full well that is not just a beer or 6 pack thanks for watching stay safe and i'll see you again 6. is there life on mars. american space probe rover has set out to answer this question. just landed on the red planet but it's not on my own. he's competing with 2 other missions. everything you need to know about the spectacular race between explorers on mars too far over to the. next on d w. 1700 years of jewish life in germany

on. line. a journey from berlin to munich to meet cultural leaders. preserving memory means taking creative risks and building community. 1700 pairs of jewish life in germany march 20. 3rd. w. people knocking for the country. there are many answers. there on many resumes.

and there are many alternatives to. make up your own mind. made for minds. the final preparations ahead of last year's launch the hope probe is now over to mass the aim of the united arab emirates mission is to examine the planet's atmosphere and climate. the chinese t. and when one mission has the same goal the unmanned spacecraft has also reached the orbit of mars in a few weeks it is set to deploy a rover to investigate its surface. the u.s. is also up there with nurses perseverance rover. the red planet has been

a goal of space programs for decades. the race to mars and more coming up on this edition of tomorrow today the science show on d w. almost 60 years ago mariner full was the 1st space probe to perform a successful fly by of mars it sent back images that showed a crater popped moon like planets later viking probe sent the 1st detailed pictures of its surface including one that showed something that resembled a human face. in the late 1990 s. no answers pathfinder mission brought the 1st robotic rover to mars. the europeans are also drawn to mars the european space agency suffered a setback with the loss of the mars lander skep at airlie in 2016 but the mass express remains in orbit 17 years later.

are intriguing neighbor is bleak barren and inhospitable but a long time ago it may have supported life it's seen dramatic changes in climate evidence of that can be found on its surface since 2000. for mars express has been studying the red planet with a range of complex instruments it was the european space agency's 1st planetary mission. it's an unbelievable technological achievement or. to build a spacecraft that can keep working for nearly 20 years in a very tough environment with high levels of radiation without maintenance or anything else. it's worked faultlessly to this day that's very very good. this special camera is the most important instrument on mars express it was

developed by a man. the camera produces detailed images it has mapped the entire surface of the planet for the 1st time in 3 dimensional color images. the models of the terrain provide new insights into the geological development of mas and the history of its climate. shortly after entering mars is the probe found frozen water on the planet a sensational discovery as the presence of water indicates the possibility of life and it provided evidence that huge amounts of water once flowed on mouse. you know how high the mountains are and how deep the valley and from that we can work out how much water was in which the location and how long it was there let's keep trying to establish where there was once life on mars and also in determining whether we might be able to do something there in the future. to conclude from. the

river that once meandered along is comparable to the river rhine in germany it would have transported the same amount of water through the valley 30025000 cubic metres a 2nd. and on the planet's largest volcano mars express discovered signs of fresh larva some 2000000 years old that means there could still be warm areas on the ground where microbes might be able to leave. that's what she needs near the equator the orbiter found evidence of past places another spectacular discovery. steve ice float into an impact crater there's a 2nd impact crater beneath the 1st one of the 1st overflowed and the ice merge into the 2nd grader but before i was totally amazed i have to say i grew up in the

mountains i almost felt at home looking at the images and it. was a. the ice shows that the tilt of mass is axis has changed substantially over time causing the equator to move toward the poles and vice versa so i say this now near the equator was one of the poles the change occurred over millions of years during that time rivers came and went evidence of their existence can still be seen today . mars express is also equipped with radar that penetrates the surface of the planet to a depth of 5 kilometers. that's allows it to see what happens to the huge amount of liquid water that was once on mars. radio measurements show the southern polar icecap is the size of europe the ice here would be sufficient to cover the entire planet with

a layer of water 11 meters deep. and in 2018 the orbit has radar found the most important prerequisite for life liquid water located in underground lakes. it's the white lebanese the strait reflection line on this radar image. on mars express that trauma to also made an exciting discovery it found may thing in mars is atmosphere. now says mars rover also detected the gas on the ground at the same time and in the same region. this is current is not really sure methane is a crazy kind of molecule it disintegrates with ultraviolet radiation so that means if it really is in the atmosphere and it can't be more than a 1000 years old. it's very likely that the methane came from below the surface

but how did it get there could it come from microbes living in underground knishes that produce methane like on earth in the permafrost. or was. released through geological processes caused by the weathering of volcanic rock these are questions mars express cantante. as though the trace gas orbiter was launched it reached mars in october 26th. then spent a year and a half orbiting the red planet drawing increasingly closer until it was ready to begin taking readings. the orbiter is designed to detect me thing and other trace gases in the martian atmosphere twice per orbit at local sunrise and sunset it can also study the different layers of the atmosphere its instruments are so sensitive that it can pick up just 50 me sane molecules out of a trillion molecules in the atmosphere. a camera on board the orbiter is designed

to show where the me fein could have come from. it's already sent back some amazing images but so far the trace gas orbiter has not found anything. business your mission needs to continue for quite a long time to get meaningful reading when it comes to measuring we're talking about global so low they may only just be detectable that all one's going to start are critics who wants currents. next year should see the launch of a european russian mars rover the rosalind franklin it will be able to drill 2 meters into the ground to search for complex organic molecules traces of microbes might have survived in the ground protected from the space radiation that bears down constantly on mars that radiation would quickly annihilate any signs of life on the surface.

you can find more on. mars' on our website d.w. dot com slash science 'd and on twitter. humans have long dreamt about colonizing mars. we'll asked you whether you can imagine humans sailing on mars in the future. magnus slim lay in drug on writes yes we should and it would be a great relieve for our planet. disagree no he writes it's enough that we are destroying our own planet we don't have to destroy mars as well. due to geo harty raises a few issues to consider writing i think that the mass of the extreme hard and cold temperatures will have to be taken into account and who will be president or king

their. mentor so we asked you what mistakes we should avoid if we settle mars. everything that is causing us trouble here on earth writes the lies of prove. she fears however that won't work long term as soon as the pioneering spirit evaporates groups will form that will try to do their own saying. i'd y.t.d. tweets that we should avoid dividing mars up into areas of national interest as we've done in the antarctic thanks for all your comments speaking of the antarctic . it is a bit like mars in that it attracts a lot of researchers though with a boom in tourism it's not something that's mystery. but the 1st research as they were breaking new ground on the terra nova expedition the british

saw to be the 1st to reach the south pole but that on a whim to norwegian role of ammo the. and with this famous from expedition. today's scientists still have this side sex on the continent. reema save us custody on us molina had a question about that. why is the antarctic so important for research more than a century after the race to the south pole researchers are still passionate about this remote desert of ice scientists from around the world are still trying to uncover the secrets of the continental ice cap they live and work in some 80 research stations in some cases all year round. far away from human influence antarctica its proper name offers a unique laboratory to investigate the earth's history preserved deep in its layers of untouched ice. and because the ecosystem here is so sensitive climate changes

and environmental impacts leave a precise record besides i samples from deep below the surface scientists also collect data high in the sky where radio transmitters on weather balloons record temperature humidity and wind. and what about them penguins are a living barometer of how changing food resources and global warming affect the ecosystem. scientists are worried the emperor penguins will suffer enormously under global warming they need the ice as a platform from which to dive and hunt for food and they also had the coastal ice shelf to stay frozen until january or nesting that's when their fledglings lose their down coats and can begin to go hunting in the icy waters themselves. if the ice keeps on melting their outlook is graham.

no other place on earth is warming as fast as the emperor penguins home the peninsula on the continents west coast so researching and. understanding climate change impacts on and arctica is of critical importance for the continent and the world. if outlet is read right but only if you do you have a science question you'd like us to answer send it in as a video text or voice mail if we featured on the showed you'll get a little surprise from us as a thank you will find the address at the end of the show come on just ask a. south american man carol gets in the spanish capital madrid. can. read swamp crayfish in central but then invasive species are threatening native ecosystems under the top 10 is the european standing which has spread to north america parts of africa and new zealand where

it's endangering native birdlife. the asian cup has spread to europe and north america due to the live fish trade and sport fishing. the canes have it has made the leap to australia it was introduced to fight pests but now it's in danger native species. the water hyacinth is spreading worldwide the problem is that it deprives other underwater advance of some nice and oxygen. and the several muscle is also on the move the next record is about a classic innovative and takes us to northern germany and. the sunsets on the north sea island observed setting the scene for an intriguing nighttime spectacle a scoop neck trail through the water captures some interesting creatures repitch just little things that aren't native to the region the sparkling blue luminescence

is the calling card of nemi obvious the warty comb jellyfish they probably arrived in ships ballast. tanks. the geo more research vessel aims to find out just how far they've spread in the baltic sea how rapidly they're reproducing and their effect on marine ecology. expedition leader cornell young spears is a jellyfish expert the data that's been collected still has to be evaluated but the initial impression his worrying trend is a lot since we have a coward the entire german politics ecosystem taking samples from a variety of doubts which show that the already coming jellyfish can be found everywhere you look in qualified nestlé and differing sizes and density after you can under sedation clues that we have a big problem with them the op says especially hearing he'll in the southwestern baltic abscess. the woody comb jellyfish is native to the east coast of the us

ships presumably carry them as stowaways to the black sea in the 1980s from there they've spread to the caspian sea the mediterranean and records in europe. the creatures also called sea wall much due to their shape may look in conspicuous but they pose a huge challenge cornell yeah spurs wants to know if the ecosystem here is holding up that's called limits nish time is not the problem with non-native species is that they don't belong. there only labeled invasive if they start to change the ecosystem. just because of stanford and the problem with the walnuts is that they're extremely efficient predators and i don't know how much they generate a new because that's invisible to most other organisms. their prey only notice the danger when it's too late and they're caught up in a sea wall that sticky cells. i mean ups us and give bigger jellyfish can filter 450 liters of water a day. and they consume 80 to 90 percent of the living creatures the plankton

increase in that water. you just saw plankton out of that christiane these are. marine biologist coston riser is looking into the impact of non-native species on the water in sea mudflats of the north sea. he immediately sponsor if you like the soft shell clams which disappeared here back in the ice age apparently the vikings then carried them back from north america as a fresh food supply. other species from even further away are also trying to establish themselves here. on this muscle you can see and they'd have barnacle and this little volcano here. but next to it are 2 tiny stars that's those are australian barnacles that isn't easy to shake even managed to come this far. match because the hypothesis is that they arrived in plymouth

on british seaplanes dolls and they've spread throughout the north sea in only a few decades cried. a very special recent arrival is the pacific oyster native oysters became extinct on the soapbox last year due to overfishing last century in the 1980 s. there asian relative proved a robust replacement for cultivation now it's pretty liberating wild across the flats thanks in part to ocean warming. to find me a home for breeding this oyster prefers 18 degrees celsius or warmer and average summer temperature here in ca that's attempt well. back in the 1990 s. that wasn't as common it only happened once every few years here and fun to begin with they bred relatively slowly but with global warming since 2000 every summer has been warm enough for them to breed. it became a kind of power

a device for the oyster and it bred fast so you see it's more common here now than in its native yellow sea or in japanese waters based on tiffany's. rises says the system adapts crabs have a stablished themselves here now a threat mostly to young boys toure's but the warty comb jellyfish still has no enemies aspers wants to see if some types of fish might take a liking to it or perhaps the parasitic amphipod the high period galba which nibbles away other species reproductive organs the traditional kind of feel they have no natural predators in the central baltic at the edge of where the net me out south of expanded we have seen that caught fish to eat them ted so he state researchers have no real idea what species might prey on these jellyfish and control their population that's the new field of research and what i'll be investigating in the coming years. at least research is also

yielding some new insights controversial r.v. for example seem to be able to escape the what he combed jellyfish. closures but many open questions remain what is the purpose of the jellyfish is fascinating light show and what impact would their presence have on the ecosystems of the north and baltic sea. and been told it was really home for plants and animals. in the past a lot of it was drained to extract. or to create the lambs but that also released gases that are harmful to the environment. many moons are now being restored so they can once again act things but what about the impact on family. eg small ponies and water buffalo graze peacefully in an area of south east germany

known as the swabian door. for decades this moisture friend was drained and used for farming during that time the pizza oil gave off huge amounts of greenhouse gases since it's been reflooded the levels of carbon escaping from here have dropped significantly but can a farmer still make a profit from this family and agricultural engineer i need a schumann works for a foundation committed to preserving and developing the habitat she's working with farmers to test out new ways of using the land. on the land the farmers were initially opposed to the reflooding 50 years ago they had to drain it all so they didn't see why that should be reversed. but it's to reduce carbon emissions. by giving a farmers the chance to keep livestock on the land were offering them alternative sources of income and. for my christan my agreed to work with the foundation in

2015 he built up a herd of cattle to buffalo the risk paid off the marshland is ideal terrain for the animals with their white. dairy cows cattle probably wouldn't cope with the story of the water buffalo have no problem at all they're happy to eat the grass in their meat shells well there's no comparison with cattle i think. my i get subsidies for his life start from the local. money by cutting the grass on land not used for grazing as another nearby fan scientists are overseeing the reflooding they're testing how different grasses affect carbon levels. we're looking at greenhouse gases it's an automated system that measures trace gas for us you can see the frames around with plants inside. comes over the top and then we measure with the gas we're interested in or dropped

inside the frame it's maybe c o 2. so we can measure the emissions for a specific plant at a specific water level. just the water level mustn't be too high $10.00 to $15.00 centimeters below the surface seems to be ideal for the least amount of carbon escape into the atmosphere. the scientists are also testing to see which marsh and wetland plants could be most profitable for the farmers. experimenting with growing grass. on his farm he breeds alpacas normally he feeds them hay but he's going to try them on freshly cut edges. i'm intrigued to know whether they'll eat it and how well they'll take to it we'll

see. it's the 1st time this said field is being caught. my eye has also sent. they've grown very well on the damn ground and the moaning is going smoothly. next to it conventional summer crops grow on drained and this land emits 20 tons more c o 2 heck taff the. aim is to see the difference what we can do. and how much profit we lose to see what the future could look like. as yet the farmers don't know what they can earn from the said just. but the reeds have many potential uses. for the grass is the basic fodder for our livestock so of course we'll try that it could be fodder for the bio gas plants to generate energy. or we could create pellets for thermal or insulation blocks like

this one which is made of gold rush which has excellent thermal properties. but all these options 1st have to be tested. and houses intrigued to know whether his alpacas will eat the fresh said which is quite tough. so that was clear 0 interest. one more try. if they don't want to fresh. dried as of the most. this stuff dries well. i'm optimistic about the whole project. in. the trials and in 2022 they stand to benefit both the farmers and the land as well

as the climate. that's all. and al thanks for joining us on tomorrow and today. we'll be back next week with more fascinating stories from the world of science and technology until then but by.

1700 years of jewish life in germany on. a journey from berlin to munich to meet culture a leader in. preserving memory means taking creative risks i am building. a. 1700 percent jewish life in china a 20. minute.

delay and. the only. time unorthodox comes unexpected at a time. very crucial. and always my great pleasure candyman 1700 years the jewish life in germany. the woman. d.w. . young german. and jewish just on jewish so was. not does that mean. in daily life. and at school isn't the same we should not be given a special status but be completely normal beyond this look of shock like wow

there's a jew at our school that's the bad thing 11 teenagers 11 stories. a fun jewish and soviet. young german and jewish starts february 22nd on d w. they were forced into a nameless mass of. their bodies near tools. the history of the slave trade is africa's history. it describes how the greeks for power and profit commented an entire continent into chaos and violence. the slave system created the greatest player and accumulation of wealth a world had ever seen up to that moment in time this is the journey back into the

history of slavery. i think will truly be making progress when we all accept the history of slavery as all of our history. our documentary series slavery routes starts march 10th on d w. this is e w news and these are our top stories joe biden has made his 1st major global appearance as u.s. president speaking at the munich security conference in stressed washington's commitment to restoring transatlantic ties and global relations after 4 years of the trump ministration he pledged to work closely with european allies to tackle defense.