back into the history of slavery. i think will truly be making progress when we all accept the used to use leverage as all of our history. our documentary series slavery routes starts march 10th on d w. this is news and these are our top stories it court in moscow has found russian opposition leader alex they know vonnie guilty of defamation if you hours earlier another court rejected move on these appeal against a jail sentence in a separate case but it did reduce his sentence slightly avani must now spend around 2 and a half years in a penal colony for violating parole. u.s. president joe biden has declared a state of major disaster in texas following

a crippling winter storm at least 2 dozen people have died in the unusually cold weather which also just dropped it power supplies 70000000 people are also under orders to boil tap water before drinking or cooking. at least 2 people have been killed and several others injured in a myanmar after police fired live ammunition to disperse protesters in the city of mandalay security forces deployed water cannons and fired rubber bullets at the crowd the protesters are calling for the restoration of the civilian government ousted in a coup at the beginning of this month. this is just a few news from berlin you can follow us on twitter and instagram at to d w news or you can visit our website to d.w. dot com. the final preparations ahead of last year's launch the hope probe is now over to

mars the aim of the united arab emirates mission is to examine the planet's atmosphere and climate. the chinese t. and when one mission has the same goal the unmanned spacecraft has also reached the orbit of mars in a few weeks it is set to deploy a rover to investigate its surface. the u.s. is also up there with nasa as perseverance rover. the red planet has been a goal of space programs for decades. the race to mars and more coming up on this edition of tomorrow today the science show on d w. almost 60 years ago mariner 4 was the 1st space probe to perform a successful fly by of mars it sent back images that showed a crater popped moon like planets later viking probe sent the 1st detailed pictures

of its surface including one that showed something that resembled a human face. in the late 1990 s. messrs pathfinder mission brought the 1st robotic rover to mars. the europeans are also drawn to mars and the european space agency suffered a setback with the loss of the mars lander skep at airlie in 2016 but the miles express remains in orbit 17 years later. our intriguing neighbor is bleak barren and inhospitable but a long time ago it may have supported life it's seen dramatic changes in climate evidence of that can be found on its surface. since 2004 mars express has been studying the red planet with a range of complex instruments it was the european space agency's 1st planetary mission. it's an unbelievable technological achievement or.

shift to bone to build a spacecraft that can keep working for nearly 20 years in a very tough environment with high levels of radiation without maintenance or anything else. it's worked faultlessly to this day that's very very good. this special camera is the most important instrument on mars express it was developed by a man. with a camera produces detailed images it is mapped to the entire surface of the planet for the 1st time in 3 dimensional color images. the models of the terrain provide new insights into the geological development of mas and the history of its climate. shortly after entering mars is the probe found frozen water on the planet

a sensational discovery as the presence of water indicates the possibility of life and it provided evidence that huge amounts of water once flowed on mom. you know how high the mountains are goes and how deep the valley gets of coming in from that we can work out how much water was in which location and how long it was there let's keep trying to establish where there was once life on mars and also in determining whether we might be able to do something there in the future. or to conclude from the river that once meandered along here is comparable to the river rhine in gemini it would have transported the same amount of water through the valley 30025000 cubic metres a 2nd. and on the planet's largest volcano mars express discovered signs of fresh lava some 2000000 years old that means there

could still be warm areas on the ground where microbe might be able to live. that she needs near the equator the orbiter found evidence of past places another spectacular discovery. brought ice one to good for some stage ice float into an impact crater there's a 2nd impact crater beneath the 1st one the 1st overflowed and the ice merge into the 2nd grader but before i was totally amazed i have to say i grew up in the mountains i almost felt at home looking at the images in the 1st 2 hours of. the ice shows that the tilt of mars is axis has changed substantially over time causing the equator to move toward the poles and vice versa so i see this now near the equator was once at the poles the change occurred over millions of years during that time rivers came and went but evidence of their existence can still be seen

today. mars express is also equipped with radar that penetrates the surface of the planet to a depth of 5 kilometers. that's allows it to see what happened to the huge amount of liquid water that was once on ma's. radar measurements show the southern polar icecap is the size of europe the ice here would be sufficient to cover the entire planet with a layer of water 11 meters deep. and 2018 the orbiters radar found the most important prerequisite for life liquid water located in underground lakes. it's the white lebanese the strait reflection line on this radar image. on mars express the trauma to also made an exciting discovery it found may thing in masses atmosphere. nasa says miles rover also detected the gas on the ground at the

same time and in the same region. this is current is not really sure methane is a crazy kind of molecule it disintegrates with ultraviolet radiation so that means if it really is in the atmosphere and it can't be more than a 1000 years old. it's very likely that the me thing came from below the surface but how did it get that could it come from microbes living in underground nations that produced methane like on earth in the permafrost. or was. released through geological processes caused by the weathering of volcanic rock these are questions mars express cantante. as though the trace gas orbiter was launched it reached mars in october 26th.

then spent a year and a half orbiting the red planet drawing increasingly closer until it was ready to begin taking readings. the orbiter is designed to detect to me thane and other trace gases in the martian atmosphere twice per orbit at local sunrise and sunset it can also study the different layers of the atmosphere its instruments are so sensitive that it can pick up just 15 methane molecules out of a trillion molecules in the atmosphere. a camera on board the orbiter is designed to show where the me same could have come from. it's already sent back some amazing images but so far the trace gas orbiter has not found anything. your mission needs to continue for quite a long time to get meaningful reading when it comes to make everything we're talking about level so low they may only just be detectable that on one's own tarc

to fix your wants current. next year should see the launch of a european russian mars rover the rosalind franklin it will be able to drill 2 meters into the ground to search for complex organic molecules traces of microbes might have survived in the ground protected from the space radiation that bears down constantly on mars that radiation would quickly annihilate any signs of life on the surface. you can find more on. mars' on our website d.w. dot com slash science and on twitter. humans have long dreamt about colonizing mars. we'll asked you whether you can imagine humans sailing on mars in the future.

magnus one layan drug on writes yes we should and it would be a great relief for our planet. have added publicity disagree no he writes it's enough that we are destroying our own planet we don't have to destroy mars as well. due to justice he raises a few issues to consider writing i think that the mass of the extreme heart and cold temperatures will have to be taken into account and who will be president or killing their. munter so we asked you what mistakes we should avoid if we set our minds. everything that is causing us trouble here on earth rights allies approve. she fears however that won't work long term as soon as the pioneering spirit evaporates groups will form that will try to do their own thing. i do i.t.t.

tweets that we should avoid dividing mars up into areas of national interest as we've done in the antarctic thanks for all your comments speaking of the antarctic . it is a bit like mars in that it attracts a lot of research though with the boom in tourism it's not something that's mystery . but the 1st research is there were breaking new ground on the terra nova expedition the british saw to be the 1st to reach the south pole but that on the 20 norwegian role of ammo. and with this famous from expedition. today's scientists still have their side sets on the continent. reema say discussed a honest molina had a question about that. why is the antarctic so important for research more than a century after the race to the south pole researchers are still passionate about

this remote desert of ice scientists from around the world are still trying to uncover the secrets of the continental ice cap they live and work in some 80 research stations in some cases all year round. far away from human influence antarctica its proper name offers a unique laboratory to investigate the earth's history preserved deep in its layers of untouched ice. and because the ecosystem here is so sensitive climate changes and environmental impacts leave a precise record besides i samples from deep below the surface scientists also collect data high in the sky where radio transmitters on weather balloons record temperature humidity and wind. and what about them penguins are a living barometer of how changing food resources and global warming affect the ecosystem. scientists are worried the emperor penguins will

suffer enormously under global warming they need the ice as a platform from which to dive and hunt for food and they also need the coastal ice shelf to stay frozen until january for nesting bats when their fledglings lose their down coats and can begin to go hunting in the icy waters themselves. if the ice keeps on melting their outlook is graham. no other place on earth is warming as fast as the emperor penguins home the peninsula on the continents west coast so researching and. understanding climate change impacts on and arctica is of critical importance for the continent and the world. if outlet is read. by only a few do you have a science question you'd like us to answer send it in as a video text or voice mail if we featured on the show you'll get and little

surprise from us as a thank you will find the address at the end of the show come on just ask a. south american monk parakeets in the spanish capital madrid. writes one crayfish in central berlin invasive species of threatening native ecosystems and of the top 10 is the european standing which has spread to north america parts of africa and new zealand words endangering native birdlife. the asian cup has spread to europe and north america due to the live fish trade and sport fishing. the cane toad has made the leap to australia it was introduced to fight pests but now it's in danger native species. the water hyacinth is spreading worldwide the problem is that it deprives other underwater plants of sunlight and oxygen. and

this every muscle is also on the move the next report is about a classic innovative and takes us to northern germany and. the sunsets on the north sea island of zoot setting the scene for an intriguing nighttime spectacle a scoop neck trail through the water captures some interesting creatures repitch just little things that aren't native to the region the sparkling blue luminescence is the calling card of nemi abscess the warty comb jellyfish they probably arrived in chips palace. tanks. the genome our research vessel aims to find out just how far they've spread in the baltic sea how rapidly they're reproducing and their effect on marine ecology. expedition leader cornu yeah spears is a jellyfish expert the data that's been collected still has to be evaluated but the

initial impression his worry. coward the entire german baltic sea coast is just taking samples from a variety of which show that the already coming jellyfish can be found everywhere looking qualified nestlé in differing sizes and density matter if you notice it isn't clear that we have a big problem with them the op says especially hearing he'll in the southwestern baltic a macmini abscess. the warty comb jellyfish is native to the east coast of the us ships presumably carry them a stowaways to the black sea in the 1980s from there they've spread to the caspian sea the mediterranean and gore than europe. the creatures also called sea wall which due to their shape may look in conspicuous but they pose a huge challenge corneal yeah spurs wants to know if the ecosystem here is holding up the limits nish time is not the problem with non-native species is that they don't belong. there only labeled invasive if they start to change the ecosystems.

because of steam and the problem with the walnuts is that they're extremely efficient predators and i don't know how long they generate a mucous that's invisible to most other organisms. their prey only notice the danger when it's too late and they're caught up in a sea wall that sticky cells. i mean ups us and get bigger jellyfish can filter 450 liters of water a day. and they consume 80 to 90 percent of the living creatures the plankton increase in that water. as you just saw plankton at a clip stephen isn't. marine biologist kostin riser is looking into the impact of non-native species on the water and sea mudflats of the north sea. he immediately sponsor if you like the soft shell clams which disappeared here back in the ice age apparently the vikings then carried them back from north america as

a fresh food supply. other species from even further away are also trying to establish themselves here. on this muscle you can see and they'd have barnacle and this little volcano here shoots the pocket deceased but next to it are 2 tiny stars it's those are australian barnacles that isn't easy to shake even managed to come this far. because traffic much because the hypothesis is that they arrived in plymouth on british seaplanes dolls and they've spread throughout the north sea in only a few decades cried. a very special recent arrival is the pacific oyster native oysters became extinct on the soapbox last year due to overfishing last century in the 1980 s. there asian relative proved a robust replacement for cultivation now it's pretty liberating wild across the flats thanks in part to ocean warming. to find me

a home for breeding this oyster prefers 18 degrees celsius or warmer average summer temperature here in ca that's a 10 point one does it back in the 1990 s. that wasn't as common it only happened once every few years here and fun to begin with they bred relatively slowly but with global warming since 2000 every summer has been warm enough for them to breed. it became a kind of paradise for the oyster and it bred fast so you see it's more common here now than in its native yellow sea or in japanese waters. tiffin. rises says the system adapts crabs have a stablished themselves here now a threat mostly to young more stars but the warty come jellyfish still has no enemies aspers wants to see if some types of fish might take

a liking to it or perhaps the parasitic amphipod the high period galba which nibbles away other species reproductive organs the traditional kind of feel they have no natural predators in the central taken at the edge of where the nemy outfits of expanded ice and how we have seen that caught fish to eat them. researchers have no real idea what species might prey on these jellyfish and control their population that's a new field of research and what i'll be investigating in the coming years. at least research is also yielding some new insights contrasts larvae for example seem to be able to escape the what he come jellyfish. clutches but many open questions remain what is the purpose of the jellyfish is fascinating light show and what impact would their presence have on the ecosystems of the north and baltic sea. and that has been. the watery home for plants and animals. in the past

a lot of it was drained to extract. or to create a land but that also released gases that are harmful to the environment. many more are now being restored so they can once again. but what about the impact on phony. eggs small ponies and water buffalo graze peacefully in an area of south east germany known as the swabian door. for decades this moisture friend was drained and used for farming during that time the pizza oil gave off huge amounts of greenhouse gases since it's been reflooded the levels of carbon escaping from here have dropped significantly but can a farmer still make a profit from this family and agricultural engineer i need a shoe man works for a foundation committed to preserving and developing the habitat she's working with

farmers to test out new ways of using the land. of farmers were initially opposed to the reflooding 50 years ago they had to drain it all so they didn't see why that should be reversed. but it's to reduce carbon emissions. by giving a farmers the chance to keep livestock on the land we're offering them alternative sources of income and. for my christan my agreed to work with the foundation in 2015 he builds up a herd of water buffalo for the risk paid off the marshland is ideal terrain for the animals with their white. probably wouldn't cope with the story of the water buffalo have no problem at all they're happy in their meat shells well there is no comparison with cattle i think . my i get subsidies for his life start from the local authorities he also money by

cutting the grass on land not used for grazing as another nearby fan scientists are overseeing the reflooding they're testing how different grasses affect carbon levels. we're looking at greenhouse gases it's an automated system that measures trace gas for us you can see the frames around with plants inside. comes over the top and measure the gas we're interested in or dropped inside the frame it's maybe c o 2. so we can measure the emissions for a specific plant at a specific water level. just the water level mustn't be too high $10.00 to $15.00 centimeters below the surface seems to be ideal for the least amount of carbon escape into the atmosphere. the

scientists are also testing to see which marsh and wetland plants could be most profitable for the farmer. experimenting with growing grass. on his farm he breeds alpacas normally he feeds them hay but he's going to try them on freshly cut said. i'm intrigued to know whether they'll eat it and how well will take to it we'll see . it's the 1st time this said field is being caught. my eye has also saying so. they've grown very well on the damn ground and the mowing is going smoothly and. next to it conventional summer crops grow on drained and this land emits 20 tons more c o 2 peck taff just. to see the difference. and how

much profit to see what the future could look like. as yet the farmers don't know what they can earn from the said. but the reeds have many potential uses. some for the grass is the basic fodder for our livestock so of course we'll try that it could be fodder for the bio gas plants to generate energy would have been or we could create pellets for thermal or insulation blocks like this one which is made of gold rush which has excellent thermal properties. but all these options 1st have to be tested. and houses intrigued to know whether his alpacas will eat the fresh said which is quite tough.

so that was clear 0 interest. one more try. if they don't want fresh. the most. this stuff dries well too. i'm optimistic about the whole project. in. the trials that you to end in 2022 they stand to benefit both the farm and the land as well as the climate. that's all. for now thanks for joining us on tomorrow and today. we'll be back next week with more fascinating stories from the world of science and technology until then but by.

all means. be endangered in the media i'm a change is really ring. them when we are in an ongoing race with the mayor and. environmental activists and local politicians desperately trying to learn the dozer of english and. is it already too late to. wire brush. grabber by. next on w. during

a. period. of time unorthodox plans unexpected at a time very crucial. much more a pleasure. 1700 years of jewish life in germany. the moment. 60 minutes. every day counts for us and for our planet. bloodline is on its way to bring you more conservation. how do we make see the streamer how can we protect habitats what to do with all our waste.

we can make a difference by choosing smaller solutions overstrained said in all the ways the boy genius genius the series again moves results in almost double that all. romania's breadbasket is disappearing climate change and decades of overexploitation is resulting in the growth of a huge desert is it possible to stop the expansion of the sahara on the danube something like this for no reason preexist. we should break what you know 50 maybe 100 years book or asked will also be covered with signs. can they still be.