different. here are in charge. archipelago as a whole system for centuries. of society. differently . with their. starts marching on w. . this is. coming up today chinese intimidation on german soil. germany says china targeted hong kong arose during pro-democracy protests in germany. germany should respond plus. south korean prisoners of war. to slaves. all right through claims gets walked in directly helping the bolts

develop the program for them so. as a cafe in india that's joined the borders group come to. the big. welcome to. join us china has made attempts to intimidate hong kong democracy supporters here in germany according to a letter from the german interior ministry the letter sent to the head of the human rights committee said and i quote. since the start of the protests in hong kong increasing attempts by chinese state actors in germany to influence public opinion

in favor of the chinese government as well as actions against supporters of the protests have been identified on court the chinese foreign ministry has called the allegations baseless. and joining me now is the lawmaker who received that letter good against and from the f.t.p. she's head of the bundestag human rights committee busy in some welcome now according to the interior ministry how exactly is china intimidating hong kong was he had in germany well the german government and the interior ministry he confirmed what we already expected and that is that sees the communist chinese parties are i'm also reaches to germany and this is a very crucial thing and we need to address that that threat because it only not only poses a threat to honkers living in exile here in germany but if we go step further that conflict implicates that also every hong kong living abroad living also in other

foreign countries might experience the same thing and that's why also countries need to work more together in order to to face this threat and find other solutions other answers that they found so far but what exactly is china doing to intimidate hong kong or is. well it is there you it is very well differentiate we cannot say well this is the way how china intimidates or how security or intelligence services do it there's not just one modus operandi but we see physical intimidation we see at official events where where home come was have give speeches that that people show up who threaten them but it's also digitally so there's a wide range of variants of intimidation but if we talk to hong kong is here living

in exile but also just studying but having a critical mind on the current events in china and also on the communist chinese. we see that germany needs to be a safer haven for these people because they expect that the rule of law also isn't trying to germany and we need to make sure that is the case also foreign commerce how would you say museums in germany for respond to this. well at 1st i think it is an important sign that the interior ministry but also the government a confirmed what we expected as i said before that there is intimidation that there is. intelligence service action by the c.c.p. here in germany and what needs to be done further is we see this level of sophistication of a digital surveillance state that even reaches to germany and other countries so what we expect is that intelligence services from germany but also from other

liberal democracies in the world need to exchange their level of the information that they gathered and i'm sure they gathered that gathered a lot and try to work on a new ideas how to how to respond to these threats that so far haven't responded or resulted in the residue in the solution that we can actually work with so the confirmation of the interior ministry is one thing and now they need to takes of take further steps further steps also involve sanctions definitely it can involve sanctions as i her it from the european council of foreign minister that just take a took place on monday this week there was also the discussion and i think that's an important discussion that extradition treaty is not only tong. so far frozen but also that there were talks in discussions about doing the same thing for

the extradition treaties with china and i think that are definitely a discussion that needs to go further getting ensign head of the german parliament someone that's going to pleasure having you on thank you so much. thank you a soul based rights organization has said in a report that north korea has been using generations of south koreans as slave labor and its gold mines and profits from the illegal sale of coal and other products are being used to fund north korea's weapons program the report from the citizens alliance for north korean human rights says tens of thousands of south korean prisoners of war were never returned after the 195053 korean war since them 1st they and now their children have been forced to work in inhuman conditions across north korean coal mines it's not only them because you can say ok but they are in the eighty's be the marking the mines yes but the 2nd and 3rd generations we interviewed also them and they are also forced to mining and i will tell you that

these daughters they sometimes working those mines we interviewed several of such people they all could not educate themselves fire because they were children of p.o.w. something m.p.o. their views could not change their residence could not change their jobs it's only mine journalist frank smith joins me now from seoul with more on this frank how is this slave labor helping north korea's weapons program. well what north korea needs in order to procure the elements for its nuclear weapons programs is hard currency and how it gets this hard currency is by trade illicit trade in internet in the international you know black market that does this through shipping and banks shipping companies and banks located in china and by trading these commodities especially coal generally in international waters the ships are flying

flags of convenience and you know avoiding interdiction and avoiding surveillance there are united nations security council sanctions on north korea that were implemented in 2016 to try to prevent this trade but it's very very difficult to surveil ships when they turn off their satellite tracking devices and able this illicit trade of coal to take place often between china and vietnam according again to this recent report but given how long of this has been going on i mean the use of slave labor south koreans they've ever been not good in coal mines why haven't we heard about this before all. well here in south korea. we have sort of engagement promoting liberal government of president moon j.n. and what they're looking to do is generate peace making with north korea provide

a more sort of stable security atmosphere on the korean peninsula negotiations over a whole raft of issues with north korea. they view pursuing human rights in criticizing 'd north korea for human rights as taking place at the expense of any benefits or give from north korea in terms of engagement and especially along with the u.s. in terms of denuclearization so criticizing and working toward improving human rights in north korea takes a back seat to these other issues that both the governments here in in south korea and in the united states feel are more important for south korea its peacemaking engagement in a piece on the korean peninsula and for the united states is denuclearization frank smith in serial thank you for breaking that down for us.

winter in northern india is just one meter to treat means no fall and winter sports the center for most of these activities is the town of good modoc famous photo it's ski slopes it is now drawing crowds for another reason and it molds drinking tea and eating snacks. in the snowy high country it's really not out of place but of course this isn't the far north of canada or greenland. this is the western himalayas and while the igloo from a distance says in a weird tribe the flourishes at the entrance way and then inside say jamu and kashmir. cissie is what i would usually use as fund as part of a ritual for good omens it also helps to keep the evil spirits away. beyond the aroma and the patterns on the igloos curved walls of the furnishings

provide a good amount of regional flair there's seating for 16 people looking to chill and yet warm up starting with their traditional kashmiri drink coffee because it will be that we're going to read about the igloo cafe in the newspapers and after that my wife insisted we should go to kashmir especially made the trip to visit this igloo victor you can see what you think. the thing about kashmir and winter though dry powdery snow great for skiing lousy for packing a snow ball or building an igloo with packed snow so one had to figure out how i would back to know and you know get up on a structure to beechwood hoary for some a couple of months or so. blocks and i have to walk that also into boards of blocks you know snow so it was 50 percent of snow and 50 percent of what appeared that strength which would hoard. the igloo has become a dining and selfie destination from afternoon until well into the evening

outdoor gear is a must inside it's warmer than the minus 15 temperature outside but it's still a bit. icy within. and relive it today with snapshots a window from the very tone where that. is located we're back tomorrow at the same time consumed by.

the fight against the corona virus pandemic. has the rate of infection been developing. the latest research. information and contacts. on a virus. called

meal and i'm game did you know that the lead up to was killed worldwide so that we can get into but it's not just little subtle suffering it's the environment on a journey to find ways to question. if you want to know how awake lift the priest and the whole truth changed as he says listening to our podcast on the green. but the great thing about it is this i would love to go to university and sit on the benches to attend a class as a regular student. so distance learning is off putting for students this is not what you character and there are shows from my district and pains for money is hard back home so it's like and also like fear of getting you know when you go outside

so there's loose so many things going on that emotionally and physically. i had to choose between printing a lesson and buying from i chose food rather than printing or trying to turn to local food banks so it'll cost me as little as possible i'm not talking about living i'm talking about surviving here. the bible of the fittest doesn't sound great and as you'll hear in a moment it's not going to change anytime soon but there are more optimistic ways of looking at the situation for students we'll talk to a psychologist a motive but 1st this report from france. turned over this temperature of a clever young to child all good fun of standing in line for groceries many of the students at the paris known terry university are here to pick up donations. their situation is dire. the quest to write a story noodles. is also a student the 24 year old volunteers to distribute food in her area to the others

baked beans oranges and canned goods on offer. cotswolds to change things to distributing groceries i get a lot and need a few people helping others keep. me strength it keeps me going. she also depends on food donations she's into rio's with her rent and lost her job at a movie theater now she only has 170 year olds a month to live on her family can't help or. without the assistance of aid organizations she would be lost. now more normally your twenty's are the best time of your life but it's the opposite now. now she spends most of her time alone in her 15 square meter room in front of her computer she has at least 3 online courses a day she thought getting her master's degree and cultural history would be very

different. for this man knows the students problems but only from a distance math professor vest sought my term papers at home on the sofa he only meets and teaches his 120 students virtually with mentally and physically the students are in horrible shape and there's no real hope that it will get better any time soon the situation is horrible. walking around campus is strange the complex says over a 1000 apartments but looks like a ghost town common rooms have been barricaded and only upgraded if there are more than 3 people in a room but security guards knock and tell us it's not allowed for everyone is totally isolated. or easy day. to day she's working for the aid organization s.o.s. . and is getting donations ready. she's always shocked that there are students who

are worse off than she is. pollie neal only has $150.00 euros to live on each month he or she can get some of the paris a city but only 2 rolls of toilet paper if you go on strike i lost my job too so you have them and now i only have my stipend them both. good and getting groceries really helps. otherwise it would be a total disaster it's going to stay a good half of an article there are so many needy students and if you are still waiting in line for help there is much to do matthew browning is an environmental psychologist a close in university in south carolina and joins us from the u.s. matthew leaving school and heading to uni learning to think for yourself and fend for yourself and enjoy your 1st real freedoms is an amazing time of life but that's not the case with his generation of students is that. it's not and that's exactly what they expected out of the college experience is to develop

a sense of independence and freedom in life and to learn who they are and that is primarily through social interaction with their peers and they weren't able to do that this past year obvious things are going to grow up differently from us to reckon more more to pendants less courageous introverted depressed. well this is a time of life where you can set a church rectory for your psychological health weight later in life but the truth is we don't know we have never seen this large scale impacts on college students before in recent history so we don't know what the long term impacts will be but we certainly expect this to last at least for the next few years that's an awful thing to hear what what are the psychological or what could be the psychological effects of that considering just the length of time. well so then the

the primary acute psychological impacts are anxiety depressive symptoms excessive compulsive disorders. substance abuse stress obviously and those can impact our physical health stress for example will cause inflammation in the body and that can be a risk factor for a whole host of this goal illnesses and diseases. hopefully this will be an acute face and it won't continue past the next few months as people are getting their vaccinated but if it does those those psychological impacts can have lasting physical impacts on our health i guess what you'd hope is that these things become a lot more innovative perhaps than ours but what about planning a career how can you do that at the moment when so many companies are firing not

hiring you can't travel. you have a career is one of the concerns of students in addition to financial concerns with what's going on with a family who might be supporting them going to college here in the united states for example it costs tens of thousands of dollars to go to just a basic public university much less a private liberal arts college and and so concerns about career are are very strong amongst these college students and. fortunately there are some careers that are becoming more readily available such as telework and i would expect that more and more college students will be working remotely close during the course endemic and afterwards in these. last mean career fields i know there's also a big interest in science and research and health how could all this affect those

sectors. well it's interesting i'm an academic and the number of journal submissions has increased. almost 100 percent in some fields during the pandemic in other fields it hasn't been as a large but overall the productivity of scholars has increased at a rate we haven't seen before in recent history however that's a largely amongst academics researchers who are not caring for children at home and that's predominately done by women in this country although not exclusively by any means and so what would the impact on science is that it's becoming increasingly competitive and unfortunately some in equities in science including a gender inequity are becoming larger matthew one more question what would your advice to students be someone who's wanting to start a career was that

a new career out there what what would be your carriage meant for them. continue trying to get through college and realize that this hybrid or even entirely online format with you know interacting with peers and colleagues maybe what you'll be doing after college in your career rather than physically going to a brick and mortar store so dismayed be increasingly common the new norm and so trying to develop a skill sets that will make you better the job applicant for that so face it and embrace it you reckon matthew browning from the university of south carolina thank you very much nice talking to you today. matthew mention substance abuse in relation to the psychological effects of the pandemic that's something we'll look at on tomorrow's show now to derek williams our science correspondent has been busy fielding your questions on all things coated if you've got something you'd like to ask him just post your question or now you tube channel. why is the 2nd dose

of the vaccine causing worse reactions than the 1st dose. lots of people getting vaccinated have reported worse side effects after the 2nd shot now now this is complicated but here's my understanding of what's going on because it contains substances or information on substances that the body has never seen before for the 1st dose of a 2 shot vaccine triggers a blanket emergency response in what's called the innate immune system think of the elements as kind of the immune system's shock troops that urgent response includes the release of inflammatory compounds so that can for example cause discomfort at the injection site after the 1st shot but usually not a lot more that's that's partially because even strong responses from the innate

immune system tend to be short lived however it's also communicating information about the invader the whole time to cells 'd and what's known as the adaptive immune system which is responsible for long term immune memory and over the course of a couple of weeks those cells learn to spot the pathogen fast if you're exposed again which is what the body things has happened when you receive the 2nd shot when you get it the training cells start spewing out large amounts of antiviral compounds of their own right away and they in turn. can quickly cause the person getting the booster shot to feel worse side effects like the tea or fever but those effects usually disappear within a day or 2 the experts say and are and are actually an outward sign that the

vaccine is having the desired effect which is to engage both branches of the immune system and and some man's the memory of the invader i've read a lot of reports that the side effects after the 2nd dose can can really be no fun but not everyone gets them and at least in those who do they disappear pretty quickly. thanks for watching say sables are you against it.

she helps refugees however she can with clothes. truth and compassion oh yes i know who she ditched is an aid worker in bosnia. she is supporting migrants perseverance here in the freezing cold like yasmina herself along with many fellow volunteers is coming under pressure. focused on her.

even 90 minutes on t w. w's crime fighters are back together ever goes most successful radio drama series continues this season the stories focus on hate speech color of her mention of sustainable charcoal production. all of a sow's are available online and of course you can share and discuss on africa's facebook page and other social media platforms. crime fighters to name now. imagine how many push the homeless us road out in the world right now climate change meet different hoffa story. faces life less the way photos one week. how much work can really do. we still have time to and i'm going.

to say. that subscribe to be as likely as. they were forced into a nameless mass. their bodies and their tools. the history of the slave trade is africa's history. it describes how the for power and profit plummeted an entire continent into chaos and violence. the slave system created the greatest player and accumulation of wealth a world. could ever see up to that moment to this is the journey back into the history of slavery. i think it will truly be making progress when we all accept the history of slavery as all of our history class. our

documentary human slavery routes starts march 10th on g.w. . place . this is you know we lose live from berlin tensions in our media come to a head as the prime minister faces off against a military they call pashtun warns of an attempted coup and rallies thousands of supporters after army commanders called for his resignation will get you the details form from our correspondent also coming up fighting the pandemic together in the leaders are holding talks today touching on that scene for adoption.