different on the island. here women are in charge of the park of politico as it a matriarchal system for centuries the reform of societies do. differently than what do they do with their power. in queens over rango storks marching on t.w. . aviation is taking a beating for 6900000000 euros that's how much alan company i agee lost in 2020 s travel restrictions on lockdown scams tourists and business travelers grounded we talked to an industry expert to find out if there's a silver lining in the clouds also coming up in a raging condom a kids a weak economy that's the situation in many african states today donor nations are

discussing possible relief measures to stop the death spiral and we'll see how one spanish teacher just looking to get its economy going again by launching its own cryptocurrency. welcome to do business on want to johnson berlin good to have you with us and we're starting with some sobering business results i agee the international airlines group lost 6900000000 euros after tax and exceptional items last year due to the pandemic and travel restrictions the owner of british airways iberia and other airlines said you cannot provide any profit guidance for 2021 given the uncertainty on the generation of the pandemic to reopen the skies again i agee is calling for the introduction of digital health passes and common international testing standards. for more i'm joined now by. chair she is vice president. and global managing director of aviation at i c f

a london based consultancy specializing in aviation good to have you with us and industry magazine actually wrote 2020 was a year to forget for aviation now given that the pandemic is still who raging on can we also get to 2021 good morning monica yes that's a good question and certainly the results from from this morning and around the industry quite to really difficult times i think the 1st thing i would say is that really can't afford to forget 2021 as well as 2020 you mentioned in your introduction a horrendous shock 2020 brought to the aviation industry declining by more than ever in its history this means that the cough is a pleated the industry is really in in a very very difficult financial position and really constant forwards to to carry on like we had last year right the good thing that we do see that we see 2021 being different to 2020 is again you mentioned we already have some back seams and

positively they appear to be working so there is a light is coming and we also know that there is demand but it's going to be slower and the current conditions make it extremely challenging to full cost what the year ahead is going to look like right and of course when you're talking about the industry i mean the industry is made up of various players various components of all airline groups and all models all play is affected the same way. everybody's been affected it's negatively but you're absolutely right it's 22 very different degrees and lines of different market segments they see business passengers tourists they fly long haul short hold they connect leisure markets and other markets so naturally this has had a different impact and you can see this in the results you see that the low cost carriers who typically serve visiting friends and family short who are routes these have been perhaps the most resilient the ones that have bounced back in addition to

the domestic ones whereas lines who are focused on the longer markets which are the ones that have been completely closed due to travel restrictions are going to call it the ones that are the biggest impact now we hear very often that the industry is actually facing 2 major challenge says one is the pandemic the other is climate change is now perhaps the time for the industry to invest in more climate friendly acts rofft. the time is absolutely now unfortunately this is also a particularly difficult time because i mentioned to be thinking about investing the billions of dollars that the street needs to to continue to upgrade however i would i would point out that in terms of the impact on the aircraft fleet of course it's the aircraft emitting emissions in flights that are the biggest contributor to climate change or maybe they should because so many of the older aircraft in the largest aircraft to be parked jutes in

a decrease and traffic last year actually already we're seeing that there's a makes change in terms of the equipment and then looking ahead of course we have had we have the announcements that continue to be improvements in fleets and this is something that lives continue to do anyway as part of the business because it is in their interest to fly the most efficient aircraft that they can says fuel accounts for around as though their operating costs so this is absolutely the time and you're right that it is very much a double whammy short bus is a long time but it couldn't have come at a worse time for the industry to see this really step up in focus on climate at a time when when their revenues simply evaporate at last it never it never rains it pours doesn't it cut that terribly low bill managing director of aviation at i c f in london thank you so much thank you monica. to major meetings today on africa's debt the european union leaders are meeting in brussels 20 men this

come together in milan looking at how the region can be supported in the wake of the cold $900.00 ton demick the snowy global economy has hit africans badly and economists are predicting massive default on though not the case and across the continent i shudder nestle's 2 weeks old baby is indicative. they in front always at least $300.00 to his country's credit has as suggested by uganda's reported death by capita. this is almost half what an average ugandan is say to us on in a year. they can't even be here government borrowing wouldn't be a problem but considering what we've gone through during the cold 1000 pandemic we've also acquired many personal loans that we may not even be able to pay it's even got harder to afford food according to reports she gets from uganda traill bunk uganda's public data is over $15000000000.00 while uganda

has recently received a total of close to $800000000.00 as a covert 1000 images of relief from the i.m.f. and the wired bug the government has had to borrow more to support the local record to me we have attracted in excess of 15 known this between. 2020 and 21 now we are. over and above the on a grant. of above supplemented by the top national level so it's a precarious situation like in many african economies you've got and that takes up loans mostly to build infrastructure. roads and energy eat up more than half of externally borrowed money now in that me over divest $18.00 pandemic some economists does 2 pattern developing economies increasing it we need to have and then we can both solution to a. bit consolation when that the does not happen we shall invite our

african governments to must have a different definition of quantum is in need a new lease of life economic life and economic functions according to the wired bank africa next time alone is above $400000000000.00. with more for terms like necessarily pushed deeper into poverty due to the make paying loads may only get harder. and now to some of the other global business stories making news. japanese factory output grew for the 1st time in 3 months in january and another sign of the country's economic recovery the trade ministry said industrial output rose 4.2 percent from the previous month with production of memory chips cars and machines climbing. home sharing side air b.n. b. posted a 3900000000 dollar loss in the 4th quarter as it suffered from the pandemic downturn

in travel and recorded one time costs for going public be declined to offer a forecast for 2021 citing uncertainty about the pace of vaccinations and a loosening off of travel restrictions. brings us to the markets now let's bring in our financial correspondent. pandey lots of earnings reports this week and many of course on the lower side how's the market holding up. american markets seem to be more preoccupied with the ball instead of which have actually boost the. boring course now bonnie's have been rising over the past few days with expectations that there's going to be a strong recovery and also a straight thing of inflation but not this higher boring causes of but particularly painful for the eurozone which is not growing exactly at the pace many would have liked it to straining say the u.s. and that's the reason why that's problematic. because going up even though they're

still. historically they're really low right now and that's the reason why the c.b.s. says that it is closely monitoring the situation and it is ready to actually step up its own porches if you just bring down those boring costs and that seems to having some impact on the markets you can see behind me dad spreading some of those initial losses right as it is john de france thank you so much. and we go to spain now where one city council city has launched its own cryptocurrency to keep the economy rolling during the pandemic. it's the era of flamenco with a mask the coronavirus incidence rate in this tourist paradise is among the highest in spain it also has high unemployment at almost 23 percent in the small andalusian town of the brief the mary introduced a virtual currency called the leo in january named after

a local historical figure at leo one tonio. the creator of spanish grammar one at leo is worth one euro. if you don't buy that it's a good initiative which helps everyone here because we spend our money here in town when i buy something i pay half and euro's and the city pays the other half and we can use them in any shop that participates. the 34 year olds family is one of some $600.00 that received between $50.20 ileo xin january each household has 3 months time to spend them they come with them and then it's easy for them to live on everything they will call the customer finds us in the app. we make a photo of the receipt and send it to the local government. and they reimburse us the virtual share in the euro's you know them with us the audio was developed by and delusion company specializing in crypto currency even though the idea was

pegged to the euro somebody made critical. of it i'm against getting rid of cash but i think it seems like their goal is to have more and more control over us and. that's how many spaniards feel. some which episodes are going to find them. but the mayor of liberal believes in the long run the video can be used for other public aid programs and what i mean. as a tool of the city council it could be used for social benefits and other types of programs we offer in collaboration with the federation of small and midsize businesses we can use it to strengthen loyalty when shopping in the 3. via leo is here to stay it not only helps families like rose ceo's and sparks the local economy it also offers the bridges city government a perfect way to better manage social benefits and subsidies digital money has another positive side effect it big crime almost impossible. before we go

to a self-made south korean billionaires have pledged to give away hung their fortunes . the founder of south korea's biggest messaging app talk said he wants to help solve social issues with his contribution afterwards kim bangin of food delivery apple the wall brother and his wife followed suit and billionaires say they hope to start a trend that's a business update thanks for watching. people have to say. to us. trying. to use reporter every weekend on d w it 26 thing that's like

a budget but only because i want to be a gemini with me the last few years have been quite o'brien early and. i've learned to love him when it comes to the business and of course though with the iceberg perhaps i think about the new hobby of mine i'm going down the river and i love to be in the news there are pros in their account but when you feed him altogether they're realizing to cope with of the no one way of living they are you ready to meet with evan and heard me right through it. yeah you are. right about. this i would love to go to university and sit on the benches to attend a class as a regular student. so distance learning is off putting for students this is what you character and there are certain districts and pains for money. back home so like and also like fear of getting you know when you go outside so there's so

many things going on that emotionally and physically. i had to choose between printing a lesson and buying from i chose food rather than printing i was trying to turn to local food banks so it'll cost me as little as possible i'm not talking about living i'm talking about surviving. the bible of the fittest doesn't sound great and as you'll hear in a moment it's not going to change anytime soon but there are more optimistic ways of looking at the situation for students we'll talk to a psychologist a moment 1st this report from france. turned over these pictures show of a clever young to juggle good fun of course standing in line for groceries many of the students at the paris known terry university are here to pick up donations. their situation is dire. no matter. what you can write the story noodles. is also a student the 24 year old volunteers to distribute food in her area to the others

baked beans oranges and canned goods on offer. hot food to change things to distributing groceries i get out and meet a few people and helping others gives me strength it keeps me going. she also depends on food donations she still rares with her rent and lost her job at a movie theater now she only. he has 170 year olds a month to live on her family can't help or. without the assistance of aid organizations she would be lost. now more normally your twenty's are the best time of your life but it's the opposite now. now she spends most of her time alone in her 15 square meter room in front of her computer she has at least 3 online courses a day she thought getting her master's degree in cultural history would be very

different. for this man knows the students problems but only from a distance math professor vest sought my term carex papers at home on the sofa he only meets and teaches his 120 students virtually. mentally and physically the students are in horrible shape and there's no real hope that it will get better any time soon the situation is horrible. walking around campus is strange the complex says over a 1000 apartments but looks like a ghost town common rooms have been barricaded. when we operate if there are more than 3 people in a room but security guards none can tell us it's not allowed from the everyone is totally isolated we. really easily do. today she's working for the aid organization s.o.s. . and is getting donations ready. she's always shocked that there are students who

are worse off than she is. only neil only has $150.00 euros to live on each month here she can get some of the bare necessities but only 2 rolls of toilet paper. to go on strike i lost my job to do so you have all my now i only have my stipend devolving into getting groceries really helps. otherwise it would be a total disaster so when people say yeah overnight because there are so many needy students and if you are still waiting in line for help there is much to do matthew browning is an environmental psychologist there close in university in south carolina and joins us from the u.s. matthew leaving school and heading to uni learning to think for yourself and fend for yourself and enjoy your 1st real freedoms is an amazing time of life but that's not the case with this generation of students is that. it's not and that's exactly what they expected out of the college experience is to develop

a sense of independence and freedom in life and to learn who they are and that is primarily through social interaction with their peers and they weren't able to do that this past year obvious things are going to grow up differently from us do you reckon role model pendants less courageous introverted the prez. well this is a time of life where you can set a church actuary for your psychological health weight later in life but the truth is we don't know we have never seen this large scale impacts on college students before in recent history so we don't know what the long term impacts will be but we certainly expect. this to last at least for the next few years that's an awful thing to hear what what are the psychological or what could be the psychological effects of that considering just the length of time. well if so then the

the primary acute psychological impacts are anxiety depressive symptoms excessive compulsive disorders. substance abuse stress obviously and those can impact our physical health stress for example will cause inflammation in the body and that can be a risk factor for a whole host of physical illnesses and diseases. hopefully this will be an acute face and will continue past the next few months as people are getting their vaccinated but if it does those those psychological impacts can have lasting physical impacts on or else i guess what you'd hope is that these things become a lot more innovative perhaps than ours but what about planning a career how can you do that at the moment when so many companies are firing not

hiring you can't travel. yeah the career is one of the concerns of students in addition to financial concerns with what's going on with a family who might be supporting them going to college here in the united states for example it costs tens of thousands of dollars to go to just a basic public university much less a private liberal arts college and and so concerns about career are are very strong amongst these college students and. fortunately there are some careers that are becoming more readily available such as tele work and i would expect that more and more college students will be working remotely both during the course endemic and afterwards in these. last mean career fields i know there's also a big interest in science and research and health how could all this affect those

sectors. well it's interesting i'm an academic and the number of journal submissions has increased. almost 100 percent in some fields during the endemic in other fields it hasn't been as a large but overall the productivity of scholars has increased at a rate we haven't seen before in recent history however that's a largely amongst academics researchers who are not caring for children at home and that's predominately done by women in this country although not exclusively by any means and so what would the impact on science is that it's becoming increasingly competitive and unfortunately some in equities in science including in gender inequity are becoming larger matthew one will question what would your advice to students be someone who's wanting to start a career was that

a new career out there what what would be your carriage meant for them. continue trying to get through college and realize that this hybrid or even entirely online format with you know interacting with peers and colleagues may be what you'll be doing after college in your career rather than physically going to a brick and mortar store so dismayed be increasingly common the new norm and so try to develop a skill sets that will make you better the job applicant for that so face it and embrace it you reckon matthew browning from cutting the university of south carolina thank you very much nice talking to you today. matthew mention substance abuse in relation to the psychological effects of the pandemic that's something we'll look at on tomorrow's show now to derek williams our science correspondent has been busy fielding your questions on all things coated if you've got something you'd like to ask him just post your question or now you tube channel. why is the

2nd dose of the vaccine causing worse reactions than the 1st dose. lots of people getting vaccinated have reported worse side of facts after the 2nd shot now now this is complicated but here's my understanding of what's going on because it contains substances or information on substances that the body has never seen before the 1st dose of a 2 shot vaccine triggers a blanket emergency response in what's called the innate immune system think of the elements as kind of the immune system's shock troops that urgent response includes the release of inflammatory compounds so that can for example cause discomfort at the injection site after the 1st shot but usually not a lot more that's that's partially because even strong responses from the innate

immune system tend to be short lived however it's also communicating information about the invader the whole time to cells and what's known as the adaptive immune system which is responsible for long term immune memory and over the course of a couple of weeks those cells learn to spot the pathogen fast if you're exposed again which is what the body things has happened when you receive the 2nd shot when you get it the training cells start spewing out large amounts of antiviral compounds of their own right away and they in turn. can quickly cause the person getting the booster shot to feel worse side effects like the tea or fever but those effects usually disappear within a day or 2 the experts say and under actually and outward sign that the vaccine is

having the desired effect which is to engage both branches of the immune system and and some men's the memory of the invader i've read a lot of reports that the side effects after the 2nd dose can can really be no fun but not everyone gets them and at least in those who do they disappear pretty quickly. thanks for watching say sega's are you going to.

be. true the point strong opinions are clear. positions from the international perspective such temperatures are once again rising between the u.s. and iran so will the 2 college enemies be able to renegotiate the around nuclear deal the donald trump turned his back only choice yesterday coldwell the downward

spiral continued find out on to the point. to the point i was up to the cuts on d. w. even. the co with 19 pandemic has changed the way we were of the movie office in the home office and this may lead to big calls too little exercise at home has serious consequences for young and old but what can really help ease the pain. because there are a lot of middle. good shooting. 90 minutes on d w. but .

was. last. to slay one giant problem. by lethal features including a fuel economy. how will climate change your search dogs and our children. e.w. dot com slash water. this

is g w news live from berlin to me and more police open fire to disperse protesters in your. eyes glaze the dramatic scene still the latest sign of tensions between the military establishment and pro-democracy demonstrators who say they will not back down. also coming up european union leaders agree on the need for

a vaccination passport as they look to ease restrictions on travel and tourism but chancellor merkel warns it could be months before a new program is in play.