it's very beginnings until this very day human trafficking shaped the plan this is the journey back into the history of slavery. i think will truly be making progress when we all accept the history of slavery as all of our history. our documentary series slavery routes starts march 10th on t.w. . this is due to open your news and these are our top stories the united states senate has a proved a $1.00 trillion dollar coronavirus relief plan after some 24 hours of debate democrats in the chamber voted to adopt the plan without any republican support it includes a direct payments of $1400.00 to most americans and an extension of jobless benefits

the house of representatives is expected to approve the legislation next week. pope francis has hosted an interfaith meeting in iraq after talks with the country's top shia cleric the pontiff hopes to encourage iraq's muslim and christian communities to work together for peace he has called on iraq to embrace its religious diversity after years of sectarian bloodshed. thousands of people have demonstrated against measures to control the coronavirus in the austrian capital vienna there were isolated scuffles and police made several arrests the protesters oppose the ongoing closure of parts of the austrian economy they also object to masks vaccines and a compulsory testing in schools. is to have news from berlin you can follow us on instagram and twitter at news or you can visit our website w dot com. planet

earth will soon be home to $8000000000.00 people and the only room to live that will come at a cost to nature and with as many wild animals. how is the coronavirus pandemic related to the way we live and how might we avoid pandemics in the future. and more coming up on today's program. well come to you tomorrow today the science show on d w. in january 2021 an international team from the w.h.o. way to china to investigate the origins of the sars kovi to pathogen.

but their mission did not uncover anything new. the prevailing theory is still that the virus most likely jumped from animals to humans at some point but how do animals pass diseases to people. of. this size coast to virus emerged seemingly out of the blue and up ended the whole world it was a huge shock to most people but scientists and politicians knew it was probably just a matter of time before the next pandemic emerged really but i wonder if we carry on like this we'll probably careen from one crisis to the next in the coming decades. we can't rule out that we were not counted pathogens that are much more very learned and will kill many more people for the current coronavirus. as humankind grapples with this pandemic further threats and looming. last june

researches. china discovered a new strain of swine flu with pandemic potential the g. 4 strain resembles the variant that killed almost 20000 in 2009 and 10 g. 4 can also be transmitted from animals to humans from person to person and then there's severe fever with from both side to piña syndrome or less f.t.'s discovered in china in 2009 it's carried by ticks and is considered an emerging infectious disease with a high mortality rate it's also viral and there's no vaccine transcona hart says an epidemiologist at germany's federal research institute for animal health. humans some of the responsibility is because we're going. into the preserve of wild animals. that were before now reserved for animals on their natural habitats. but now agriculture is encroaching because more and more animal protein is needed

to feed more and more people. and this means more opportunities for contact with wildlife or. the transmission of pathogens can occur directly from animal to human or via intermediate species known as vectors in epidemiology it's estimated that 60 percent of diseases in humans are not sick that is have jumped to us from animals including. as much as 2 that causes kovac 19. viruses invade cells in their hosts whether animals or humans and then replicate producing lots more virus particles. the cells often die as a result the virus spreads in the host body and can infect up as many viruses don't actually make you sick others of course do cases can range from miles to severe and even faithful ass with covert 19 viruses also mutate and adapt all the time. and at

high speed. a study from 2012 found that just 13 so an arctic diseases kill 2200000 people a year and that has to do with human actions the way we live. as humans invade animal habitat such as virgin forests they wreak havoc clearing the land to make way for fields and settlements. one study estimates this raises the risk of 0 in arctic diseases by more than 70 percent that's because such interventions tend to displace species that can carry pathogens dangerous to humans past the rain birds rodents and baths. as their traditional habitats are destroyed many animal shelter where people live and if they are indeed carrying pathogens they can pass them on to humans as we've seen with the novel coronavirus bats are believed to have been

a victim of the disease but with at least one other species as it to me jerry. where markets where wild animals are kept slaughtered sold and eaten are considered a key site of transmission of pathogens to humans the conditions are often on hygiene and many zoë in arctic diseases have emerged in asia. and for a new strains of influenza viruses emerge the. g 4 is one example of the original bird flu virus h 5 n one is another it's only got sars cover 2 and before it was the earlier sars virus. but so or not it pathogens also emerge in other regions. and. it's often areas where many people live close together. at germany's federal research institute for animal health the free trishna flynn's to cheat scientists

are studying. the transmission parts of the zone arctic diseases as well as such diseases themselves including ebola and covert 19 global travel plays a major role in spreading pathogens as to the current pandemic holidaymakers became super spreaders last march after they got infected at the austrian ski resort of. consumer society has created conditions that ease the transmission of so why not take diseases. i can reach just about any place on earth without a means of transport within the incubation period of certain pathogens. that means we can get there without noticing anything we're not sick we're already infected and can carry disease vast distances and spread them from continent to continent. continent to what can be done to curtail the geographical spreading of disease meaning emboldened hi my research is sustained ability at the phone who for institute for systems and innovation research

a list of. everything nowadays is focused on maximizing efficiency and profit that's not sustainable in our systems are not at all resilient a disruption in one area can cause the entire system to fail to prevent a pandemic as a major undertaking of so many factors are involved. that we make less likely if we use fewer resources and curtail the destruction of ecosystems. she recommends working at home and video calls rather than business trips and commuting and if one has to travel using public transport ride sharing more cycling rather than driving alone in one's own car and electric power is better than combustion engines a mist to conserve resources and slow climate change that plays a role in the spread of diseases. under common i didn't change can have an influence especially on vector border. zis

a source for the diseases transmitted by insects or takes a cold blooded in 1st subject to environmental conditions that. the climate gets warmer they can move to new regions and spread any pathogens they're carrying there as well. dana bill relationship with the environment would involve changing our consumption habits trying to source food and clothing locally boden from a says we should conserve resources. consuming less doesn't mean they simply making do with less it also means finding creative approaches to consumption among . for example sharing lending repairing things buying 2nd hand. in many areas there are viable alternatives to buying everything new children's clothing bicycles your own clothing phone. call from.

everybody has a part to play in this. says a comprehensive common strategy is crucial in trying to prevent pandemics in the future. i want to see a one health approach to zonal 6 diseases. one health means looking at the health of humans and animals and the environment as a whole and. they all affect each other. and we need to view it holistically we want to come up with meaningful solutions. so there are things humankind can do to prepare for possible future crises and perhaps prevent them experts say if we carry on as usual things can only get worse . in the oceans to human behavior interferes with sea life ports off shore drilling rigs wind farms

they. alter the currents and disrupt marine ecosystems over fishing is another problem. breeding fish and i could farm seems like a good alternative but the food used in most commercial fish farms also comes from the sea i mean externals have once to replace this conventional fish meal with one made of insect larvae. this insect could be the solution to a common problem in a fish farming or aquaculture originally from south america the black soldier fly is now at home all over the world. when mature the flies don't have a mouth or a stinger so they can't spread diseases they also reproduce very quickly if conditions are right a female lays around a 1000 eggs. the resulting larvae can become an excellent substitute for fish meal . first the eggs have to be harvested before being left to grow on a nutritious substrate last i looked on 300 grams of eggs can yield one ton of

larvae is they're extremely resource efficient as the grow very quickly and they can be produced regionally so they're very economical source of protein. a lot of the protein and fish water is currently sourced in the sea every year 30000000 tons of fish are taken from the oceans just to make animal meat it's an ecological disaster such overfishing is causing widespread devastation to marine habitats. farm insect is a start up spinoff of munich's technological university that aims to produce regionally sourced fish feed its 3 founders have set up their pilot project on a trout farm. feed for the larvae is waste from a nearby flour mill. the young larvae are sprinkled on it and the trains are then stored in a warm and humid climate controlled unit as the larvae grow they turn everything

into compost they're not picking don't eat anything. and he joins the black soldier flight because it's larvae are able to process the broadest range of food on this basis but we have particular important for our aim of creating regional nutrient cyclists. she gave it a practically anything makes an imperfect if you go if it guy. after a week the larvae are one and a half 7 metres long and ready to be harvested just $1.00 kilos of field one whole kilo of larvae. it's inefficient and decentralised way to produce protein. tomo skin and both gone best of my i have spent over a year on their mission to make fish water on a regional and resource efficient basis but they do have one concern. fish have an excellent sense of smell and can be rather choosing and their kaleri tastes.

is one of the scent of the fish mind refused to eat the lava which would be awful after all that hard work you know it will afford to. predatory fish like these trout need plenty of protein which is why fish beef attains up to 20 percent male from deep sea fishing. helmet to take and hence the various institute of fisheries he would welcome the prospect of a less fish meal on the feed and not just for ecological reasons. you should or must india where the feed is the largest cost factor in modern agriculture in coolers up to 70 percent was the use you were so interested not only in the quality of the d.d.p. to school but also its cost effectiveness of these into the monster into small. vilhelm bendish is also keen to see the results of the pilot project he's an expert in animal nutrition and has been advising the black soldier fly farmers from the

outset. even doing sick on fish you're hear a lot about treating live insects to fish. see if it actually works that's the acid test not appropriate. here goes it's feeding time and the 1st scoop of larvae is served. but the fish just ignore them no response. perhaps the larvae aren't to their liking. then suddenly there's a feeding frenzy. just. because i'm a boy that's all it is basically said earlier this evening. if you can't speak i see it as a not you i'm impressed course the fish are hungry and we've given them a lot so they're getting full so. but it clearly worked i don't.

think. over the next few weeks hellmuth vidic and will be checking to see how well the fish thrive on this new feat that means measuring their weight and assessing their state of health. and. that's important information because the larvae nutritional value changes shortly before they reach the pupil stage. it's crucial to harvest the love of just the right moment to make them especially appealing to the fish. if all goes well and the project is a success larvae could end up replacing fish meal and saving fish farmers up to 40 percent of their feed costs. sustainable fish food is a good stylist. but agriculture which is becoming more popular around the world also pollutes the sea. algal blooms triggered by chemicals and livestock manure on

hold for for the earth's water cycle. but even everyday products we use on a regular basis poison our water. dishwasher taps a small convenient and bad news for our water supply most brands contain benzo trials old corrosion inhibitor added to protect silverware from rust and policing. but trials all doesn't degrade easily and accumulates in the environment it suspected of causing hormonal imbalances 100 using fertility and. fish and other aquatic life. the german environment agency has been sounding the alarm since 26. first we've been here for that we talked to various manufacturers about removing it from their products they said it was very important they retain the

silver protection because consumers watch silver in the dishwasher which i don't actually because there's not that much silver cookery on the market these days because guns are marked modern your phosphate free products the silver protection doesn't work properly anyway. and just observe what's going to british rule. meaning the benzo trans all is of 0 use and the nightmare for sewage some dishwasher discharge seeks into the ground water via a leaky sewer pipes and while the rest does make it to the treatment plant but even that bends a trans old can sneak past based the mechanical and biological processing stages the chemical that makes its way into rivers and streams some 20000000 people get their drinking water from the river rhine and then say try as the levels go up the further downstream you go. and this is how an ineffective yet hazardous chemical makes its way from dishwasher taps into our drinking water.

but that's what the amounts of benzo try is all aren't that big but it's accumulation in the environment can lead to problematic threshold values that's why we want to have european regulations banning those chemicals from detergents and cleaning products. and there are other household products posing a threat to our water supply everything from water proofing spray and carpet fibers to outdoor clothing and teflon frying pans. per floor and each it compounds all p.f.c. comprise around $800.00 chemicals for a carbon compounds are extremely stable as well as grease and water repellent and they're virtually non biodegradable after we wash and clean items. coated with p.f.c. s. they end up in all sewage and likewise accumulate while their levels remain within

acceptable limits p f c's have been found in our bloodstream as well as in mother's milk to particular compounds p.f. o. s. and p f o a have been banned in europe animal research has shown that they can cause liver damage and cancer. since the ban toxicologist may recur has observed a decrease in both p.f.c. in the blood but the concentrations found still dangerously high. there are several studies showing a negative impact on vaccination and immunological responses and with children over the age of one the body's response to influenza the area and tetanus vaccines was reduced to. manufacturers immediately started marketing their products as p.f.c. free instead using other flora carbons that could be just as dangerous. the idea of

what they do is replace substances with others we know far less about it we don't know enough about the toxicology of these short chain substances to be able to make an assessment about the health impact but from initial studies it looks like they have a fairly similar effect. in this room. something else that should cause alarm industrial fragrances that can increasingly be found in fish they end up in the water supply don't biodegrade easily and they can be found everywhere from food to detergents and cosmetics every year jem and manufacturers alone add around $10000.00 tons of the stuff to their products to give them a pleasant smile even glasses cleaning wipes. there are around 2000 different fragrances currently in use and only a fraction of them require labeling as hazardous. this.

some fragrances are suspected of affecting our hormones and reproductive system some affect various organs and are suspected of causing cancer and there are fragrances that are believed or proven to lead to contact allergies. through kentucky. and that's why we have $26.00 fragrances that have to be declared on products because they've been shown to be allergenic it doesn't mean that other fragrances are not allergenic just that there's been less research going on is an. industrial fragrance is p.f.c. and bends a try as though would it be technically possible to filter out these hard to degrade pollutants from all waste water some sewage plants are already testing an additional treatment stage. carbon active filters for example can bind some of the chemicals. another option currently being examined is. gas these are all

costly procedures that could make waste water up to 20 percent more expensive while still treating the symptoms rather than the cause of this and people who are in favor of sticking to the polluter pays principle meaning these chemicals should not be in use or the cost should be borne by the polluter was offered purification stage wouldn't necessarily help and it would just result in costs for the public. in fear. unnecessary water pollution 3 redundant additives with consumers left to pick up the tab perhaps it's better to think twice about the genuine benefits. if our plan is read write out a plan even if it is. do you have a science question you'd like us to answer. send it in as a video text own voice mail if we featured on the show you look at a little surprise from us as a thank you. can just ask. for more science

stories check out our website d.w. dot com slash science or look for us on twitter. this week's question comes from a new fucking tonia from el salvador. what causes ocean currents they flow like vast rivers within the water driven near the shore by the rise and fall of tides at high tide water flows towards the coast at low tide it flows away from it. surface currents in the ocean are propelled by strong persistent winds. while further down variations in temperature and salinity drive deep ocean currents . cold salty water is denser than warmer water with a low salt content so it sinks towards the bottom of the ocean. the speed of the water flow depends on the topography. of the seabed.

the variations in temperature and salt content also cause a phenomenon known as the global conveyor belt it's a system of currents that transports water around the world. ocean currents crucially affect climate for example the humboldt current brings cold water teeming with nutrients from man talked to the collapse of silence for 6 months of the year . they feed the tiny plankton and algae that form the base of the food chain providing sustenance for swarms of fish and also for the marine in quanah the only lizard that lives and forages in the sea. on land meanwhile life in these months is hard there's hardly any rainfall wildlife including the galapagos giant tortoise have to embark on perilous journeys in search of food but

in the other half of the year food is available in abundance that's when the wet season comes with the panama current bring in warmer waters. this current isn't nearly as rich in nutrients so much of the island's marine life heads off to colder climes aquatic animals that remain have to make do and finally climate change is taking a toll on ocean currents exactly how is the subject of intense research. that's it for this edition of tomorrow today d.w. science but we'll be back again next week until then take care and by.

loops to last for eternity and for the people. milling churches in berlin and the brandenburg. their massive walls are a safe haven for new generations of course. their doors are

open for new new mice in the old walls. next on d w. i trello impact. immerse yourself in complete tranquility experience home water the embassy mocking it feel entitled. how it cannot. while. delicious the romantics. are 69. w. . international women's day. making women visible around the world their voice their protests of. especially now because the sentiment is exacerbating inequality

communists are choosing women more fighting for self-determined lice and demanding change. africa will get developed when a guy is given the rights and chances like employees are women who need. a mother and i'm not just on international women's. undies o.b.o. . mood orbit.