a war or worry about. i think that era is over this is the crisis of our time it's a financial product like any other dimension we live in a competitive world this cold it's cool it's been cold. to me 3 big name is changing the most important for mothers you. can be freezing. water in cities or commodity starts march 22nd on d w. planet earth will soon be home to $8000000000.00 people and the only room to live that will come at a cost to nature and with as many wild animals. how is the coronavirus pandemic related to the way we live and how might we avoid pandemics in the future. that and more coming up on today's program.

well ahead to tomorrow today the science show on g.w. . in january 2021 an international team from the w.h.o. went to china to investigate the origins of the sars kovi 2 pathogen. but their mission did not uncover anything new. the prevailing theory is still that the virus most likely jumped from animals to humans at some point but how do animals pass diseases to people. this sounds cave to virus emerged seemingly out of the blue and up ended the whole world it was a huge shock to most people but scientists and politicians knew it was. probably

just a matter of time before the next pandemic emerged about on monday if we carry on like this we'll probably careen from one crisis to the next in the coming decades but my comments also listen we can't rule out that we will encounter pathogens that are much more very learned and will kill many more people for the current coronavirus. as humankind grapples with this pandemic further threats looming. last june researches in china discovered a new strain of swine flu with pandemic potential the g 4 strain resembles the variant that killed almost 20000 in 2009 and 10 g. 4 can also be transmitted from animals to humans from person to person and then there's severe fever with from both side to piña syndrome s f ts discovered in china in 2009 it's carried by ticks and is considered an emerging infectious disease with

a high mortality rate it's also viral and there's no vaccine transcona that says an epidemiologist at germany's federal research institute for animal health. humans some of the responsibility because we're going deeper and deeper into the preserves of wild animals areas that were before now reserved for animals on their natural habitats tradition. but now agriculture is encroaching because more and more animal protein is needed to feed more and more people. and this means more opportunities for contact with wildlife or. the transmission of pathogens can occur directly from animal to human or via intermediate species known as vectors in epidemiology it's estimated that 60 percent of diseases in humans are not sick have jumped to us from animals including ebola. 2 that causes 19. viruses invade cells in their hosts whether animals or humans

and then replicate producing lots more virus particles. the cells often die as a result the virus spreads in the hosts body and hosts can infect others many viruses don't actually make you sick others of course do cases can range from mild to severe and even fatal last with covert 19 viruses also mutate and adapt all the time and at high speed. a study from 2012 found that just 13 zone out it diseases kill 2200000 people a year and that has to do with human actions the way we live. as humans invade animal habitat such as virgin forests they wreak havoc clearing the lands to make way for fields and settlements. one study estimates this raises the

risk of 0 in arctic diseases by more than 70 percent that's because such interventions tend to displace the she's that can carry pathogens dangerous to humans passive rain birds rodents and bats. as their traditional habitats are destroyed many animals shop where people live and if they are indeed carrying pathogens they can pass them on to humans as we've seen with the novel coronavirus bats a believed to have been a victim of the disease but with at least one other species is it to me cheery. wet markets where wild animals are kept slaughtered sold and eaten a considered a key site of transmission of pathogens to humans the conditions are often on hygiene and many zone out it diseases have emerged in asia. strains of influenza viruses emerge the. floor is one example which. the

original bird flu virus h 5 n one is another. example we've got sars covered too and before it was the earlier sars virus and. so an arctic pathogen was also emerged in other regions. it's often areas where many people live close together. at germany's federal research institute for animal health the free trade flynn's to cheat scientists is studying the transmission paths of zone arctic diseases as well as such diseases themselves including ebola and covert 19 global travel plays a major role in spreading pathogens masta the current pandemic holidaymakers became super spreaders last march after they got infected at the austrian ski resort of. consumer society has created conditions that ease the transmission of 7 arctic diseases. can reach just about any place on earth with our means of transport

within the incubation period of certain pathogens. that means we can get there without noticing anything we're not sick we're already infected and can carry disease vast distances and spread them from continent to continent for. what can be done to curtail the geographical spreading of disease yelling emboldened hi my research is sustainability at the phone who for institute for systems and innovation research a list of. 10 everything nowadays is focused on maximizing efficiency and profit that's not sustainable in our systems are not at all resilient a disruption and one area can cause the entire system to fail to prevent a pandemic is a major undertaking of so many factors are involved warranted of life that we make less likely if we use fewer resources and curtail the destruction of ecosystems.

she recommends working at home and video calls rather than business trips and commuting and if one has to travel using public transport right sharing most cycling rather than driving alone in one's own calm and electric power is better than combustion engines aim is to conserve resources and slow climate change that plays a role in the spread of diseases. came up under common i mean change can have an influence especially on vector borne diseases diseases transmitted by insects or takes the cold blooded of the subject to environmental conditions. climate gets warmer they can move to new regions any pathogens they're carrying there as well. a sustainable relationship with the environment would involve changing our consumption habits trying to source food and clothing locally boden from a says we should conserve resources. consuming less doesn't mean they simply

making do with less it also means finding creative approaches to consumption. for example sharing lending repairing things buying 2nd hand. in many areas there are viable alternatives to buying everything new children's clothing bicycles your own clothing phone. call for. everybody has a part to play in this. says a comprehensive common strategy is crucial in trying to prevent pandemics in the future. i want to see a one health approach to zonal 6 diseases. means looking at the health of humans and the environment as a whole and. they all affect each other. as artists but we need to view it holistically if we want to come up with. meaningful solutions. because.

you know there are things humankind can do to prepare for possible future crises and perhaps prevent them experts say if we carry on as usual things can only get worse. in the oceans to human behavior interferes with sea life ports offshore drilling rigs wind farms they alter the currents and disrupt marine ecosystems overfishing is another problem breeding fish and i could farm seems like a good alternative but the food used in most commercial fish farms also comes from the sea i mean extend it up once to replace this conventional fish meal with one made of insect larvae. this insect could be the solution to a common problem and fish farming or aquaculture originally from south america the

black soldier fly is now at home all over the world. when mature the flies don't have a mouth or a stinger so they can't spread diseases they also reproduce very quickly if conditions are right a female lays around a 1000 eggs. the resulting larvae could become an excellent substitute for fish meal. first the eggs have to be harvested before being left to grow on a nutritious substrate last i looked on 300 grams of eggs can yield one tonne of larvae is their extreme the resource efficient use of grow very quickly and they can reproduce regionally so they're very economical source of protein. a lot of the protein and fish water is currently sourced in the sea every year 30000000 tonnes of fish are taken from the oceans just to make animal meat it's an ecological disaster such overfishing is causing widespread devastation to marine

habitats. farm insect is a start up spinoff of munich's technological university that aims to produce regionally sourced fish feed its 3 founders have set up their pilot project on a trout farm. feed for the larvae is waste from a nearby flour mill. the young larvae are sprinkled on it and the trains are then stored in a warm and humid climate controlled unit as the larvae grow they turn everything into compost they're not picky don't eat anything. and he joins the black soldier fly because it's larvae are able to process the broadest range of food on this particular important for our aim of creating a regional nutrient cyclist is the 1st i was able to eat practically anything makes an imperfect is a go if it guy. after a week the larvae are one and a half 7 metres long and ready to be harvested just 1.2 kilos of feed 100 kilo of

larvae. it's an efficient and decentralized way to produce protein. tomo skin and both gone best of i have spent over a year on their. to make fish fodder on a regional and resource efficient basis but they do have one concern fish have an excellent sense of smell and can be rather choosing and their kaleri tastes. is one of the scent of the fish mind refused to eat the lobby which would be awful after all that hard work oh no it will afford to. predatory fish like these trout need plenty of protein which is why fish beef and chains up to 20 percent milk from deep sea fishing. held what data can hence the various institute of fisheries he would welcome the prospect of less fish meat on the feed and not just for ecological reasons. in the

worth of the feed is the largest cost factor in modern agriculture goes up to 70 percent was the use you were so interested not only in the quality of g.d.p. to school but also its cost effectiveness of course it isn't as among journalists. vilhelm bendish is also keen to see the results of the pilot project he's an expert in animal nutrition and has been advising the black soldier fly farmers from the outset. even doing sick on fish you're here a lot about treating live insects to fish so let's see if it actually works that's the acid test body probe it dr here goes it's feeding time and the 1st scoop of larvae has served. but the fish just ignore them no response. perhaps the larvae aren't to their liking.

then suddenly there's a feeding frenzy. on the other and it is a good move but it isn't the case this isn't going to be there 30. b.b. guns because i said as a met you don't impress. course the fish are hungry and we've given them a lot so they're getting full. but it clearly worked i don't. think over the next few weeks hellmuth vidic and will be checking to see how well the fish thrive on this new feat that means measuring their weight and assessing their state of health. if. that's important information because the lobby is nutritional value changes shortly before they reach the pupil stage. it's crucial to harvest the love of

just the right moment just to make them especially appealing to the fish. if all goes well and the project is a success larby could end up replacing fish meal and saving fish farmers up to 40 percent of their feed costs. sustainable fish food is a good stylist. but agriculture which is becoming more popular around the world also pollutes the seas. algal blooms triggered by chemicals and livestock manure all harmful for the earth's water cycle. but even everyday products we use on a regular basis poison our water. dishwasher tabs are small convenient and bad news for all water supply most brands contain benzo trials old corrosion inhibitor added to protect silverware from rust and

fusing. but benzo trials all doesn't degrade easily and accumulates in the environment it suspected of causing hormonal imbalances and reducing fertility and . the fish and other aquatic. the german environment agency has been sounding the alarm since 2016 you haven't been here for that we talked to various manufacturers about removing it from their products they said it was very important they retain the silver protection because consumers watch silver in the dishwasher which i don't actually because there's not that much silver culturally on the market these days because going to market modern phosphate free products the silver protection doesn't work properly anyway. and just observe what's going to british rule. meaning the benzo try as all is of. and the nightmare for sewage some dishwasher discharge seats into the groundwater via

a leaky sewer pipes and while the rest does make it to the treatment plant but even that benzo trans old can sneak past base of the mechanical and biological processing stages the chemical then makes its way into rivers and streams some 20000000 people get their drinking water from the river rhine and spencer trials all levels go up the further downstream you go. and this is how an ineffective yet hazardous chemical makes its way from dishwasher taps into our drinking water. but that's what creates was the amounts of benzo trials all aren't that big but it's accumulation in the environment can lead to problematic threshold values that's why we want our european regulations banning those chemicals from detergents and cleaning products. and there are other household products posing a threat to our water supply everything from water proofing spray and carpet fibers

to outdoor clothing and teflon frying pans. per floor and aged compounds p.f.c. comprise around $800.00 chemicals for carbon compounds are extremely stable as well as grease and water repellent. and they're virtually non-biodegradable after we wash and clean items coated with p.f. sees they end up in our sewage and likewise accumulate while their levels remain within acceptable limits p f c's of being found in our bloodstream as well as in mother's milk to particular compounds p.f. o. s. and p f o a have been banned in europe animal research has shown that they can cause liver damage and cancer. since the ban toxicologist memory kirk has observed a decrease in both p.f.c. in the blood but the concentrations found still dangerously high.

there are several studies showing a negative impact on vaccination and immunological responses and with children over the age of one the body's response to influenza diphtheria and tetanus vaccines was reduced to. manufacturers immediately started marketing their products as p.f.c. free instead using other fluorocarbons that could be just as dangerous. this is what they do is replace substances with others we know far less about it we don't know enough about the toxicology of these short chain substances to be able to make an assessment about the health impact but from initial studies that looks like they have a fairly similar effect. in the. something else that should cause an industrial fragrances that can increasingly be found in fish they end up in the water supply don't biodegrade easily and they can be found everywhere from food to detergents

and cosmetics every year gem and manufacturers alone add around $10000.00 tons of the stuff to their products to give them a pleasant smell even glasses cleaning wipes. there are around 2000 different fragrances currently in use and only a fraction of them require labeling as hazardous. this for some fragrances are suspected of affecting our hormones and reproductive system some affect various organs and are suspected of causing cancer and there are fragrances that are believed or proven to lead to contact allergies. to contact. and that's why we have $26.00 fragrances that have to be declared on products because they've been shown to be allergenic it doesn't mean that other fragrances are not allergenic just that there's been less research going to use it goes into.

industrial fragrances p.f.c. and benza trials old would it be technically possible to filter out these hard to degrade pollutants from all waste water some sewage plants are already testing an additional treatment stage. carbon active filters for example combine to some of the chemicals. and the other option currently being examined is. gas these are all costly procedures that could make waste water up to 20 percent more expensive while still treating the symptoms rather than the cause they simply the who are in favor of sticking to the polluter pays principle meaning these chemicals should not be in use or the cost should be borne by the polluter. purification stage wouldn't necessarily help and it would just result in costs for the public good my life in fear. unnecessary water pollution 3 redundant additives with consumers left to pick

up the tab perhaps it's better to think twice about the genuine benefits. if our plan is read write latin even if they. do you have a science question you'd like us to answer. send it in as a video text own voice mail if we featured on the show you'll get a little surprise from us as a thank you. can just ask. for more science stories check out our website d.w. dot com slash science or look for us on twitter. this week's question comes from a new fucking tonia from el salvador. what causes ocean currents they flow like vast rivers within the water driven near the shore by the rise and fall of tides at high tide water flows towards the coast at low tide it flows away from

it. surface currents in the ocean are propelled by strong persistent winds. while further down variations in temperature and salinity drive deep ocean currents . cold salty water is denser than warmer water with a low salt content so it sinks towards the bottom of the ocean. the speed of the water flow depends on the topography. of the seabed. the variations in temperature and salt content also cause a phenomenon known as the global conveyor belt it's a system of currents that transports water around the world. ocean currents crucially affect climate for example the humbled current brings cold water teeming with nutrients from the antarctic to the collaborators islands for 6 months of the year. they feed the tiny planktonic algae that form the base of the food chain

providing sustenance for swarms of fish and also for the marine in quanah the only lizard that lives and forage is in the sea. on land meanwhile life in peace months is hard there's hardly any rainfall wildlife including the galapagos giant tortoises have to embark on perilous journeys in search of food but in the other half of the year food is available in abundance that's when the wet season comes with the panama current bring in warmer waters. this current isn't nearly as rich in nutrients so much of the island's marine life heads off to colder climes aquatic animals that remain have to make do and finally climate change is taking a toll on ocean currents exactly how is the subject of intense research.

that's it for this edition of tomorrow today d.w. science show but it back again next week until then take care and by.

to. be persecuted and subjected to the mafia bizarre rituals are used to try and change their sexual orientation going to game men and women all over the world. this is how dangerous it is to be openly homosexual.

shallowing present day examples of global homosassa be out. in 75 minutes on d. w. . international women's day. or making women visible around the world their voices to protest especially now because the sentiment is exacerbating inequality cousteau cheese and women are fighting for themselves to determine life in demanding change. africa will be developed when a girl is given the rights and chances like the boys the women who fights i am not just on international money. on g.w. no. the fight against the coronavirus pandemic. how has the rate of infection been developing. measures are being taken.

what does the latest research say. information and context. the coronavirus up to the special monday to friday on. the new year yes yes we need you and how the last 2 years gentlemen saw so that we bring you i'm going to matt hall and you've never had to have a surprise yourself with what is what's a girl who is mad cold reading what moves back home some who talk to people who follow along the way i admire and critics alike how is the world's most powerful woman shaping hudna if you join us from eccles last stop.

this is news coming to you live from berlin the search for survivors after a deadly explosions in equatorial guinea the blasts flattened a military camp and nearby neighborhoods in the country's largest city people are digging for free victims from the rubble at least 20 were killed and hundreds more injured also coming up anything but a fairy tale prince harry and his wife megan explain their break with the british

royal family in a tell all interview that levels accusations of racism and clues into.