leads to a lot of fear about what will happen if the u.s. and allies leave afghanistan it's a very sticky situation remember nato partners are only there because of article 5 that article 5 in the nato charter that says an attack on one is an attack on all and $911.00. of 2001 was an attack on the united states and it was the 1st time that article 5 was invoked and that brought all these nato partners into afghanistan and now you have the u.s. saying we're out of here guys and nato saying we're but we're here for you so what are we doing if you leave so it's not only an issue between the u.s. and afghanistan it's also an issue when the u.s. and nato and then together nato and afghanistan it's a very very difficult situation and right now we're 20 years into this war at least with the u.s. and nato involved and there's no clear solution for how to end it and the secretary of state was also quoted as saying they want to leave responsibly so i would leave responsibly and that's a bet's an easy question to ask in a very very difficult as i have to say i'm very glad to be here i'm not sitting in

brussels and have to answer that question and it's all over ok don't go anywhere well the press conference it will take about 10 minutes probably i'm told before it gets underway so let's get a check for you of the other headlines and ultra large cargo ship has turned sideways and run aground in egypt suez canal blocking traffic in one of the world's most crucial waterways the ever given it's 400 meters long and weighs in at 200000 tons several tug boats are trying to dislodge the freighter. an erupting volcano has forced quite amala to close its international airport ash from the mountain has code at the runway an aircraft at airport the volcano south of water most cities one of the world's most active it's been spewing out ash in violent explosions over several weeks. the chinese cities of hong kong and

macau have suspended the use of the biotech pfizer covert $1000.00 vaccine defective packaging was reported in one batch of the drug policy already say they have acted as a precautionary measure but accies manufacturers say there is no reason to believe safety is that place. aright i believe. i believe we are growing. our right so i believe we were going to discuss the border situation along the mexico. u.s. border which is getting more dramatic by the day a humanitarian crisis a take a look. they just crossed the border between mexico and the united states and they have been caught by the authorities a group of 57 immigrants most of them from central america once on u.s.

soil they are looking for the border patrol not only because they are tired thirsty untangle but also because they want to start the asylum process as soon as possible this is a famous and it marks the border between the united states and mexico for many crossing this river from the side of mexico and central america to the united states means a difference between life and that. a short distance from the natural border the river comes the unfinished fence that makes up one 3rd of the over 3100 kilometers tell the border the construction has stopped a move the biden administration. i'm told said weise are friends they both grappa near the border her grandmother came from mexico his father as well in a time off no barriers between mexico and the united states. we want to make sure that they treat them well and we have kids we have grandkids some still babies

so this is why it hurts to see them crossing them. you saw it they were 7 or 8 years old this is why we are here. the bus arrives to carry the young parents on their kids to the closest detention center in the middle of in the us i know that most and especially on at least 150000 asylum seekers with children have been caught in the past weeks and are being held under custody a big challenge for the current administration and you'll see it at the i feel that biden wants to move forward and solve the problem because there are so many that have to be processed and at the same time. make sure that they finally arrive in a safe place so little. because safety is one of the main reasons such forced them to escape from places where criminal activity is part of their every day.

cameras are not allowed inside the detention center even basic information about the number of immigrants and how long they're being detained it's not released but pictures taken by a democratic congressman show that the conditions inside are terrible especially for kids the republican party is using this as a political tool against biden on ministration and his party they're also portraying immigrants as a national security threat. once released its volunteers like rachel who guide them something out asylum seekers are being held in custody over the legal limit of 72 hours all this after an epic journey well no these it was an r.t.c. suffering from hunger thirst i hope the sacrifice was worth it and so going to be so out of doubt that quickly comes a smile since their new life is already started in. check in are a. are there is currently not reporting on the poor there well

as i was so new we are waiting for u.s. secretary of state to address the audience at the nato h.q. in brussels it's his 1st official visit there we will go there as soon as it gets under way but in the meantime i have my highly esteemed colleague who crossed here with me to talk about you know we're an election year here in germany you can't really tell but we are talk to us about you know the greens are doing particularly well in the in the polls what are they running on and you know in terms of transatlantic relations it's very very interesting and i think you know it can be hard to explain to people outside germany why german elections matter but if you are a transatlantic swiss if you're interested in the u.s. nato partnership u.s. you partnership and of course you are. germany 2 huge elements of both of those things you need to be watching the elections in germany we've already seen just today you know the c.d.u. angela merkel's conservative party taking another thrashing with lock down with

endemic problems vaccination problems and they've been struggling in the polls the greens have been going up in the polls where things stand now the greens can have make a very good run for their money in elections in september and be in the government and exert their policy positions on a future german government post merkel government and there are many aspects that the greens see eye to eye with or almost i die with the us in their many aspects that the greens do not they just released their election program their platform this week a very long list of both domestic and international issues some things that i think the us would be delighted to hear about if there's a greens some kind of green government or greens in the government germany is that they're very much against our stream to both from a geo political perspective as we were just discussing and specifically from a climate perspective that it violates germany's climate promises and climate goals so you could see maybe some movement some agreement moving towards the u.s. position position on north stream too but when it comes to defense and military

they say outright they reject the idea of a 2 percent these this 2 percent budget rule when it comes to defense spending they want to see more about they want to see more and more focus on capabilities not how much money which they actually called to quote them call them arbitrary that's an arbitrary idea that's 2 percent but what can the u.s. contribute what can germany contribute what can other nato members contribute or terms of resources to the various issues that we've talked about they were talking about miriam realistically that's not going to fly well exactly well so they might have to you know temper that down probably that's this that's exactly the negotiation that we hear people like blink in saying that nato is not just a place where we all agree it's also a platform to discuss our disagreements i think again it all comes down to tone and presentation. i think there's also an interest in the u.s. to see not just a number on a piece of paper x. billions of dollars or euros but what can in terms of troops in terms of support logistical aspects training education these kinds of things military and defense is

not just a guy with a gun pointing another guy with a gun is a huge huge ray of participants and i think there could be some interest in the u.s. saying all right maybe you're not going to hit that magic 2 percent number maybe you're doing x. y. and z. in this country and helping us where we can't really be so strong here there could be some room for negotiation the big thing is going to be nuclear weapon sharing i mean the green party in germany was almost born out of this anti-nuclear protests nuclear weapons are a huge huge issue here in germany let's not forget for 40 years in the cold war germany was the front line of the battle between the u.s. and the soviet union there were so much fear here that nuclear weapons were going to be used here that's an idea that today we can't even fathom but that was a real fear here and u.s. nuclear weapons were stationed here and they're still stationed here and that is a major problem for a lot of people especially on the left and especially within the greens about that nuclear showing a nuclear weapon sharing is a is

a lynchpin of the nato alliance is one of those things it's one of those things you sign up for by being made a partner so with that if the greens get the government where they come down a nuclear weapon sharing and the rock in the hard place they're going to be between wanting to be a good partners of the u.s. and uphold the transatlantic alliance that they support and what their voters are demanding will be a very interesting balancing act a very interesting balancing act in speaking a very interesting balancing act turkey a nato member turkey which is also i mean talk about iraq at heart place you had a secretary of state anthony blinken trying to bring turkey back into the fold and the french presence i mean in many on my call is is taking at the moment and at the eve of an e.u. summit a very combative a position when it comes to. what position does germany have doesn't play a moderating role between these 2 extremes well germany's interesting because of germany. not only germany the e.u. of course but really led by germany cut this deal with turkey several years ago

basically paying off turkey to keep refugees in their country so would become a migration problem in the e.u. a political problem in the e.u. and that deal still holds some people call that a deal with the devil because the human rights conditions in turkey for these refugees is highly questionable but it's something that germany really pushed for you know france is not an especially under mckown is not nothing new to show this more muscular more this one to be seen as a global power whether it comes when it comes to turkey when it comes to libya when it comes to russia when it comes to many other international issues i don't think the u.s. and france have so much of a problem here it is again a matter of statements in a matter of tone but the u.s. it is it is worth noting that blinken met with turkey's foreign minister just today or yesterday saying that they had very constructive dialogue that they have a lot of things in common because turkey is a very strategic partner geographically where it can mean this is is turkey in

a sense indispensable to the u.s. where it is you're graphically speaking in the hop of the middle east absolutely and where it is in relations to russia turkey has really tried to play both ends against each other flirting a little bit with u.s. and nato partners flirting with russia when it comes to arms deals remember turkey got punished and criticized for forgetting several 100 of russian air defense missiles when usually turkey wants to be in the umbrella of nato and would turn to the u.s. or nato partners for arms deals now looking towards russia its involvement in syria its involvement in libya so turkey is a very problematic case for the u.s. but we should also put it into some context this is not new there's been many issues with turkey over the years as a nato member as well as other nato members and also intra nato disagreements especially greece and turkey which have a long history of comp. and yet they're both partners. so this is a bouncing

a lot as you pointed out there it's a rock and a hard place there are many rocks and many hard places right now with no u.s. and nato including turkey and looking beyond russia to the middle east and no easy solutions in all of this as the world as we globally are experiencing a pandemic as well as well and climate change being a crisis that nato is also recognizing as a major strategic threat to its own security. don't go anywhere well you know it still hasn't gotten under way so we're going to keep an eye out and that bring you back in as soon as it gets under way but speaking of covert of brazil's covert 1000 outbreak is worsening by the day the country has recorded its highest number of daily deaths from the virus some 3000 victims the milestone came as president terrible scenario installed his force health minister since the pandemic began brazilians are increasingly angry but boss nora says vaccines are the way. brazil's grave diggers have never been busy with reports overflowing morgues we

cannot bury the dead fast enough families given little time to process their grief so we are in a situation that affects the whole world and no one has so far been able to contain it. only the united states has paid a higher price under fire president yarrow of all snarled try to soothe public anger in a t.v. address. that i'm going to throw out a pool i want to calm down the brazilian people and to assure you that the vaccines are guaranteed by the end of the year we will have more than 500000000 doses to inoculate all the population very soon we will return to normal life my sympathy goes out to all of you who have losses in your families. but as he spoke to the people they pounded their pots and pans in protest. from the windows empowered conies of rio de janeiro sao paolo and beyond they made their

feelings haired some chanting balsa now roll out. even amongst the vaccinated the frustration at the government's handling of the pandemic runs deep. yet what exactly i really believe that we are is we are because everything was very badly managed since the beginning i never imagined living in a country where the president of the republic is in denial so that made everything difficult for everyone but i thought this and then he said i'm i have actual nation has to be faster faster a lot of my people are dying they are very sick when. meanwhile pan-american leaders are warning that explored in case numbers in brazil are causing the virus to spread faster in neighboring countries. now it's been one year since india announced a complete nationwide lockdown at the time it was the world's strictest lasting for $68.00 days or today the country is racing to vaccinate its population against the

coronavirus the pen democrats push the man for frontline medical workers to an all time high not just in india western countries are busy hiring medical staff and many come from the southern indian state of kerala that's where our correspondent nischelle just wow went to meet some of the latest recruits plenty. ungentle grew up in and out of hospitals as a severely anemic child. she was often admitted for treatment. but that traumatic experience spock tram bishan i really got inspired by the. who cared for me because of them i really wanted to be a nurse i want to earn a lot to look after my family and as for less to. something. extraordinary in my life and she plans to do just that

which is why this morning and you isn't headed to the hospital she's going to english class. for decades now nurses like unto have been emigrating from the south indian state of keller. to work in hospitals in the middle east and europe. and i'm jus plans to move to the u.k. with her family to take up a nursing job the country is easing these are processes. and offering food and accommodation calls for applicants. but still needs to pass an english test to qualify. she's joined an 8 week course offered to nurses who need to boost their english skills. many of these women have already worked in covered 19 wards. some consider these classes of vulcan brick. but all of them also seem to be itching to get back and they want to take

their fight global pandemic this country or india compared to the western on this especially the u.k. so i guess i know that i can do the same for them also we have managed to contain the banter making the 1st few months it was it was a mortal for the whole world and i really believe that we can do the same in all the other countries as well i believe that this is a really strong and this pandemic has really mordred us to face this very least and our skills have improved international recruiters seem to agree the state sponsored consultancy where these women are being trained has helped nurses emigrate since the seventy's but they've never seen demand like this double salaries chartered flights interview reverse an expedited visa us are becoming the norm. becomes during a pandemic the north has become the real warrior of the world realizes that even

soldiers can't do anything no one can except nurses or the health care workers they are fighting for the demand for them is higher. for and a movie be as much about helping fight the pandemic in the u.k. as about securing her child's future play here. education. to my son. he will be better in his feet and can answer anything untrue believes nothing is all about. it may be why she's unafraid of leaving behind all she knows to save lives far from home. well as a speech expected to mark a major shift in u.s. policy secretary of state anthony blinken hopes survie vitalize using u.s. ties with its nato allies he's about to address a summit on the of the nato foreign ministers in brussels any moment now

transcripts of mr blinken planned speech suggest that he would just some of the most divisive issues effacing the transatlantic alliance will tell you no members that the united states sees china as a threat to collective security but he won't force them to choose between beijing and washington and also talk about stream's ties with russia and concerns about the planned north stream gas pipeline between germany and russia but mr blinken will stress a multi lateral approach in contrast with the more combative tone of the previous trump administration. and as we wait for that events to get underway i'm still here still with me is that william a group crofter to discuss what we can expect how elegant is nato now in the 21st century nato is struggling to find a reason to be relevant to stay relevant that's this whole nato 2030 initiative that is part of these the summit today is to try to figure out what is nato now

let's remember that nato is a cold war relic it was founded after world war 2 specifically to counter the soviet threat the soviets version of $80.00 which was the warsaw pact the cold war ended and the question of what does nato do now has been a question that we've been asking since 199-989-9091 when the soviet union collapsed nato was designed to defend europe against the soviet invasion nuclear or conventional that threat is gone or was gone for many years and from the russian perspective. nato is a threat and nato expanded its borders expanded its membership closer towards the then soviet now russian border including many former soviet states russia sees that as an incursion into its own strategic interest its own sphere of influence so there can be some understanding as to why russia today is rather combative and feisty if i can use that word when it comes to addressing nato now there is

a nato russia council which is a platform a stage where nato and russia can meet and have a dialogue and have an open line of communication those that council is not really been using i think at least 2 years due to russian behavior that nato is trying to change whether it's its meddling in ukraine in the crimea and election meddling and other kinds of instability actions along nato is eastern front europe's eastern eastern borders but that exists but there is still a question of nato was a is a cold war idea we're not in the cold war anymore that would certainly be russia's answer but at the same time they'll allow an alliance call it what you want an alliance not going away the u.s. would still be allied with its other democratic partners other democratic allies whether you call it nato or they call it something else or there was still be a platform for those countries to meet discuss issues and in terms of arms control could that be the way that they reinvent themselves i think that's one of the ways

that it's reminding itself that's why it exists remember arms control was hugely important remains hugely important especially in the u.s. and russia both of which still maintain several 1000 nuclear weapons each many of them stationed right here in europe as i mentioned many right here in germany in the western part of germany on german air force bases. and there's the question of what happens arms control now a lot of those treaties made especially 180 s. a fallen by the wayside when biden came into office to use biden's words we can walk and chew gum at the same time meaning we can we can count. to russia where things on things we disagree with on where it's meddling and where it's a threat to us but we can also agree with russia and work together on russia on mutual interests like reducing the lowering the temperature on the nuclear threat from from both sides that's why we saw an extension a 5 year extension of the new start treaty. but one question is one thing one of the push backs is well we're in a very different world now it's not just bipolar anymore between the u.s. and russia china is also

a nuclear power and showing its interest is in its in its place on the global stage especially within a specific region so there's calls to ok if we're going to have review arms control treaties and discussions negotiations it can't just between be between the u.s. and russia we have to bring in china so if you thought arms control between the u.s. and russia were hard enough through nato imagine trying to bring china and chinese interests into that and having a more all encompassing comprehensive arms control deal it's going to be very very hard to find that but very very important especially for everyone here in europe where as i say many of those nuclear weapons are station and pointing at each other and it was so interesting i think there is this montra that's emerging in terms of foreign policy that the u.s. by administration has been using in recent days that it's defined by cooperation competition and confrontation confrontation right i can't remember exactly but we will cooperate where we can we will compete where we can and i will confront where we camera this walk and chew gum russia and china are very different countries very different cases and i don't it's we should just lump them as to 2 adversaries to

the west but where they are where there are similar is the approach that we want to work together the u.s. the u.s. and if they want to work together we can see you as a competitor as a fair competitor we can but on issues like human rights. on armed interventions and these kinds things technology competition we're going to confront you the u.s. as i said earlier the u.s. has military strategic interests and military strategic allies in the pacific region that they have obligations to protect like taiwan like south korea and they would have to act and the u.s. would be honest sticky situation if taiwan if the special taiwan if china acted against taiwan. what the u.s. would really do because the u.s. has security. i'm sure is their obligations there but what is the u.s. really going to put u.s. lives at risk to defend this that i'm sure. that is the question i think many u.s. policymakers don't would would would prefer not to confront and again as i said i also said earlier very clear that we could sit here and not have to confront that

ourselves china is also a rising power has the ability now to confront the u.s. especially the u.s. navy in the pacific it's not so easy anymore for the u.s. just to have a show of force and and put an aircraft carrier through the straits taiwan of the south china sea china can compete china's built these artificial islands to to build out its military presence. this is growing but it's also not new i think it's always important to realize we didn't just wake up yesterday and see china suddenly a threat headlines about the rise of china about it's expanding military presence have been in the news and western news for 15 to 20 years let's remember that before there was 911 george w. bush's 1st foreign policy crisis was a u.s. reconnaissance airplane that was forced down onto a chinese air force base and its pilots its air crew were essentially held hostage for several days and it was a major crisis between the u.s. and china that was in the year 2000 so this these issues are not new it's just that nato and the u.s. are finally coming to terms to confronting them and conclusion you know listening

to you and your reiterating a lot of the things that a lot of analysts are saying i wonder you know does all of this have to do with the perception for a long time now that the u.s. is that the client is superpower and the client and you've got now russia china everybody over there we go i'm being told we can listen to u.s. secretary of state athlete lincoln addressing nato h.q. that makes their lives more secure creates opportunities for their families and communities and addresses the global challenges that are increasingly shaping their futures. and i said that a key way we will deliver for the american people is by reaffirming and revitalizing our alliances and partnerships around the world that's why i've come to brussels this week i'm speaking to you now from the headquarters of nato the treaty alliance that has defended the security and freedom of europe and north america for nearly 75 years. now americans disagree about

a few things but the value of alliances and partnerships is not one of them according to a recent poll by the chicago council on global affairs 9 in 10 americans believe that maintaining our alliances is the most effective way to achieve our foreign policy goals 9 in 10 it's not hard to see why they look at the threats we face like climate change the code 1000 pandemic economic inequality an increasingly assertive china and they know that the united states is much better off tackling them with partners rather than trying to do it alone and all our allies can say the same now the world looks very different than it did decades ago when we forged many of our alliances or even than it did 4 years ago threats of multiplied competition is stiff it power dynamics have shifted

trust in our alliances has been shaken trust in each other and trust in the strength of our commitments across and even within our alliances we don't always see eye to eye on the threats we face or how to confront them our shared values of democracy and human rights are being challenge not only from outside our countries but from within and new threats are outpacing our efforts to build the capabilities we need to defend against them yet none of this changes the fact that we need alliances now as much and maybe even more than ever. the challenge we face is to adapt and renew those alliances so that they can meet today's threats and continue to deliver for our people now as they have in the past today i'll make the case for how to do that 1st to find the common threats we face next i'll speak to what we need to do to reaffirm and revitalize our alliances so

they can not only defend against these threats but also protect our shared interests and values and finally set out what our allies can expect from the united states and what we in turn expect of our allies it starts by identifying the most urgent threats we face today as i see it there are 3 categories the 1st is military threats from other countries we see this in china's efforts to threaten freedom of navigation to militarize the south china sea to target countries throughout the entire pacific with increasingly sophisticated military capabilities beijing's military ambitions are growing by the year coupled with the realities of technology the challenges that once seemed half a world away are no longer remote we also see this in the new military capabilities and strategies russia has developed to challenge our alliances and undermine the

rules based order that ensures our collective security these include moscow's aggression in eastern ukraine its buildup of forces large scale exercises and acts of intimidation in the baltic and black sea the eastern mediterranean the high north is modernization of nuclear capabilities and its use of chemical weapons against critics on nato soil and beyond china and russia regional actors like iran and north korea are pursuing nuclear missile capabilities that threaten u.s. allies and partners the 2nd category is nonmilitary threats from many of these same countries. the technological economic and informational tactics that threaten our security these include the use of disinter mation campaigns and weaponize corruption to fuel distrust in our democracies and cyber attacks the target our critical infrastructure and steal intellectual property from china's blatant

economic coercion of australia to russians use of dissent from ation to erode confidence in elections and in safe back to vaccines these aggressive actions threaten not only our individual countries but also our shared values and the 3rd category our global crises like climate change and covert 19 these aren't threats posed by as a specific governments they are global higher temperatures rising sea levels and more intense storms affect everything from military readiness to human migration patterns to food security. as the coded $1000.00 pandemic is made abundantly clear our health security is intertwined and only as strong as our weakest link we also face global terrorism which often cuts across these categories while we significantly degraded the threat of terrorism it remains significant especially

when groups and individuals as enjoy support and safe harbor from governments or find havens in ungoverned spaces now many of these threats weren't front of mind when our alliances were formed some didn't exist at all but that's the great strength of our alliances they were built to adapt to keep evolving as new challenges emerge so here's how we can adapt them today 1st we must recommit to our alliances and to the shared values that sustain when america was attacked attacked on 911. our nato allies immediately and unanimously invoked article 5 an attack on one is an attack on all this is still the only time in history that article 5 has been invoked and it was to protect the united states. we will never forget it and our allies can expect the same from us

today as president biden said to the munich security conference last month you have our unshakeable vow america is fully committed to nato including article 5. i reaffirmed to our allies and nato this week and secretary of defense austin and i expressed that same commitment to our allies and hand in south korea where we recently concluded negotiations on burden sharing agreements that will help maintain peace and prosperity in a free open indo-pacific for years to come our alliances are created to defend shared values so renewing our commitment requires reaffirming those values and the foundation of international relations we vowed to protect a free and open rules based order we've got our work cut out for us on this front virtually every democracy in the world is dealing with challenges right now including the united states we're up against deep inequities systemic racism

political polarization each of which makes our democracy less resilient it's on all of us to show what has always been the systems greatest strength our citizens and the faith we put in them to improve our societies and his decisions the biggest threat to our democracies isn't that they are flawed they've always been the greatest threat is that our citizens lose trust in democracies ability to fix those flaws to follow through on our founding commitment to form a more perfect union. what separates democracy smalltalk or sees is our ability and willingness to openly confront our own shortcomings not to pretend they don't exist to ignore them to sweep them under the rug we also have to hold one another to the values the heart of our alliances to confront a democratic recession around the world we all must speak up when countries

backslide from democracy and human rights that's what democracies do we deal with challenges out in the open we also must help those countries move back in the right direction by strengthening the guardrails of democracy like a free and independent press and corruption bodies and institutions that protect the rule of law this too is what it means to recommit to our alliances 2nd we must modernize our alliances that begins with improving our military capabilities and readiness to ensure that we maintain a strong and credible military deterrent for example we must ensure that our strategic nuclear deterrent remain safe secure and effective particularly in light of russia's modernization that's critical to keeping our commitments to our allies strong and credible even as we take steps to reduce further the role of nuclear

weapons in our national security we also work with our in the pacific allies to address a wide range of complex security challenges in the region we've got to broaden our capacity to address threats in the economic technological and informational realms and we can't just play defense we have to take an affirmative approach we've seen how beijing and moscow are increasingly using access to critical resources markets and technologies to pressure our allies and drive wedges between us of course each state's decision is its own. but we must not separate economic coercion from other forms of pressure when one of us is coerced we should respond as allies and work together to reduce overall ability by ensuring our economies are more integrated with each other than they are with our principal competitors that means teaming up to develop cutting edge innovations ensuring that our sensitive supply

chains are resilient setting the norms and standards that will govern emerging technologies imposing costs on those who break the rules history tells us that when we do more countries will opt for the open and secure spaces that we build together and we must expand our ability to address transnational threats especially climate change and pandemics like 19 these challenges are so vast and the measures needed to address them so far reaching the tackling them must be integrated into virtually everything we do and coordinated across a wide array of partners 3rd we must weave together broader coalitions of allies and partners too often we put our alliances and partnerships into silos we don't do enough to bring them together but we should because the more the countries with complementary strengths and capacities can unite to achieve shared goals the better

that's the idea behind the group of countries we call the quad australia india japan and the united states president biden recently hosted the quads 1st ever leader level summit we share a vision of a free open inclusive and healthy endo pacific region unconstrained by coersion and anchored by democratic values we make a good team and our cooperation will strengthen parallel efforts to ensure security in the east and south china seas and to expand safe affordable and effective vaccine production and equitable access. deepening nato e.u. cooperation is another example greater collaboration on issues like cyber security energy security health security and safeguarding critical infrastructure that will help build our resilience and preparedness against present day threats it also

makes us stronger when we stand up for our values consider the sanctions that the united states just imposed in unity with canada the european union and the united kingdom on individuals engaged in the atrocities being committed against leaders on the retaliatory sanctions that china then imposed on members of the european parliament and the use political and security committee academics and think tanks make it all the more important that we stand firm and stand together or else risk sending the message that bullying works this includes sticking by our non nato partners in europe many of whom continue to stand firm with us on the alliances front lines and look beyond national governments to the private sector civil society philanthropies cities and universities diverse broad based cooperation is essential to protecting the global commons those resources that all people have

a right to share and benefit from and which are now being encroached upon by our adversaries consider 5 g. or china's technology bring serious surveillance risks we should bring together tech companies from countries like sweden finland south korea the united states and use public and private investment to foster a secure and trustworthy alternative we spent decades developing relationships with countries that share our values in every part of the globe this is why we invest so much in these partnerships so we can come together in innovative ways to solve due challenges like these to any who doubt what we can achieve when we work together in this way. i point to the unprecedented cooperation by scientists who shared hundreds of viral genome sequences across institutions and borders research that was indispensable to the discovery of several safe effective covert 1000 vaccines in record time the very 1st of those vaccines to be approved by the world health

organization was pioneered by dr born in turkey who grew up in germany and who co-founded a european pharmaceutical company that partnered with an american counterpart to produce the vaccine now america's allies and partners may be listening to my words today and saying we need to know what we can expect from you because as i said trust has been shaken to some degree over the past few years so let me be clear about what the united states can promise to our allies and partners when shoulder their fair share of the burden they'll reasonably expect to have a fair say in making decisions we will honor that that begins with consulting our friends early and often this is a key part of the foreign policy in the biden harris administration and it's a change our allies already see and appreciate we'll treat the efforts of our

allies to develop greater capacity as an asset not a threat stronger allies make for stronger alliances and as the us develops our capacities to address the threats i've outlined today we'll make sure they remain compatible with our alliances and that they contribute to strengthening our allies security we'll ask the same of our allies in return the united states won't force our allies into a us or them choice with china there's no question that beijing's course of behavior threatens our collective security and prosperity and that it is actively working to undercut the rules of the international system and the values we in our allies share. but that doesn't mean that countries can't work with china where possible for example on challenges like climate change and health security we know that our allies have complex relationships with china that won't always align perfectly but we need to navigate these challenges together that means working with

our allies to close the gaps in areas like technology and infrastructure where beijing is exploiting to exert coercive pressure will rely on innovation not ultimatums because if we work together to make real our positive vision for the international order if we stand up for the free and open system that we know provides the best conditions for human ingenuity dignity and connection we're confident we can outcompete china or anyone else on any playing field we will always pull our weight but we'll also recognize when our allies are pulling theirs and let me be frank this is often been a contentious issue particularly in the transatlantic relationship we recognize the significant progress many of our nato allies have made in improving defense investments including progress toward meeting the wales commitment as spending 2 percent of g.d.p. on defense expenditures by 2020 for the full implementation of these commitments is

crucial but we also recognize the need to adopt a more holistic view of burden sharing no single number fully captures a country's contribution to defending our collective security interests especially in a world where a growing number of threats cannot be confronted with military force we must acknowledge that because allies have distinct capabilities and comparative strengths they will shoulder their share of the burden in different ways now that doesn't mean abandoning the targets we've set for ourselves or doing less in fact the common threats we face demand that we do more we need to be able to have these tough conversations and even to disagree while still treating one another.