stood. up. for change and thinking is changing the economy to create something that. the economics magazine. d.w. . nicole because in germany to learn german or if an equal. why not learn with him daisy learning course because for. me. love can be a hot as if i'm a chump for the young. but as we get older we may need to invest a little more effort to stay fit physically and mentally and scientists want to help somewhere found a way to boost and aging memory. all that ammo coming up welcome to tomorrow today the science show on a d

w. a magic youth potion for the mind well not quite but there is promising stuff in blood plasma the yellowish liquid part of the blood that can be separated in a lab from the blood cells. that's not contains lots of proteins divided into 2 classes albumin and globular. among their functions transposing homeowners and enzymes and aiding the immune response. there are scientists in california have made some pretty astounding discovery. many of the ideas that have come out of silicon valley have changed our world. here at stanford university tony vickery from switzerland is doing research into aging and outside his disease. is aging is the main risk factor for a. time most of us are and that started me thinking about why we age. he's so 'd.

i suppose totally fascinated by that this is what determines the lifespan of an organism us now can we understand that and then manipulated organisms this corey and his team began looking for a substance that could delay the aging process or even reverse it i regev a nation therapy. and this is their great blood plasma. home goes where we studied around 2000 proteins in blood plasma. on the home defense case and we discovered that many of those proteins change as we age to feel or quite a lot of bad proteins that you don't want to increase with age. while others that are pretty good well lost as we get older so you know if you're fertile

you talk to. the scientists used minds to test how the blood plasma proteins affect the aging process at 10 months these mice are already elderly like humans the older my showed signs of cognitive decline such as memory loss. in this task the mice have to find their way back to the hole that they can actually cool inside . the scientists tested how young and old the mice performed in the test the young mouse here on the left finds the right tone in just over 20 seconds while the older mouse on the right takes nearly 4 times as long. the scientists then give the older mice blood plasma taken from the younger ones the effect is amazing. their memory has improved and the older mice now find their way back to the right told just as quickly as the young mice. there's even been

a biological change that can be seen as a test show the older mice have actually developed a new brain cells. so could this rejuvenating work on humans too in a pilot test 18 older patients in the early stages of alzheimer's were injected once a week with plasma taken from young people. after a few weeks the scientists tested whether the patients memories had improved rice for parts and the things that are very important for patients or activities like being able to button up your shirt and clean your teeth and it supports my daily activities of living as we say he's moving on and so that's what we measured and we discovered that there was indeed a significant effect if you think it does that that's the patients who received blood from young people displayed certain improvement dark of the surface it's like so what we're able to show is that changes related to aging can be pushed back

through this process. which don't get picked up so indeed it's reversing the effects of aging to a certain extent so i'm curious and we're going to hear. the scientists are hoping to repeat these very promising results in largescale studies and they're also trying the method on another disease parkinson's. snail slime it is said to do wonders for the skin like this action is a quick fix for the body. some people go to great lengths to stay young or at least looking on but there's no injection that will halt aging in its tracks is living a long life just a matter of luck. some things we can't control other factors maybe. 5 tickets to. in the lottery of life 1st and foremost genes.

that basically we get from our parents. it's often the case in families that the parents live to a great age so to their children. the right d.n.a. is a big. british researchers have discovered genes that are directly related to life expectancy mutations in one particular gene affect the immune system for example which can have a positive effect on how long someone lives. in general having the right genes can increase our life expectancy. it's estimated that 25 to 30 percent of the variation in human lifespan is down to d.n.a. . gender is the 2nd ticket for

a long life. women have a higher life expectancy than men in germany they currently live almost 6 years longer on average. but when men and women lead the same lifestyle like monks and nuns in a convent the women's advantage. still runs in convents live nearly 2 years longer than monks. one explanation for this could be chromosomes. women have 2 identical x. chromosomes. men on the other hand have one x. and one y. chromosome this makes them more susceptible to genetic defects. and for men hormones like testosterone may be more likely to cause cardiovascular disease.

nutrition is the 3rd ticket to longevity. a good and balanced diet plays an important role in staying healthy and can help us live longer. one good example is a mediterranean diet. boiled ledged was an salvador along with whole grains can actually extend our lifespan swedish researchers have proven the life extending effects of such a diet. the amount of calories we consume also has an impact on our lifespan. those who keep their weight in check by eating in moderation can expect to live longer. positive attitude to life is ticket number for. the killer of. those early 1979 researchers in the united

states discovered that people who have a positive attitude towards aging live longer. in a long term study that lewis terman started with children in the 1920 s. surprising facts emerged years later about lifestyle in old age. corning's the study relaxing with golf in retirement didn't help but those who continued working after 65 lived significantly longer by an average of 4 years. so being active in old age prolongs life. exercise is the 5th tickets. sports and exercise have a significant impact on our health and the way we age. as for

example sea health gains in old age that continue long after they've stopped jogging. researchers one reason for this when they tested people who suddenly trained hard. after a few weeks they could see changes in cells that were triggered by training the cells on body were fitter and better equipped for old age. 5 tickets to longevity genes and gender or luck of the draw but through diet a positive attitude and exercise we can all help to increase our life expectancy. a life without change would be pretty dull. transforming your appearance might take some time and imagination but it can be done most of the time what about tweaking the personality. the way you feel and behave well that's

a bit more difficult. it's said that we can change ourselves if we want to get heart toward his not so sure about that he's an you're a biologist and he says the brain doesn't like to waste energy. as a brain is greedy and expensive and in terms of energy is always working followed or in order to change it needs a lot of energy for various reasons for change means the brain has to rewire itself so our brain simply generate the feeling why should i change why should i exert myself. anyone who wants to change the habits and traits they developed over the years 1st has to overcome some resistance. personal attributes are only partially determined by our genetic makeup. they do

change over time in response to new experiences and then there is nero plasticity the capacity of neural networks in the brain to grow and reorganize making learning and change possible even in old age. but it would be naive to think we can change our ingrained habits of thinking feeling and behavior in short our personality just like that. our personality is shaped by prenatal and childhood influences those emotional and behavioral patterns are buried deep within our limbic system a primordial part of the brain that's only barely accessible to conscious intention . to use the term produce the senses which operate or not consciously do something very important they evaluate everything we perceive experience think feel and do when done and then they register but good do it again or that's bad

painful and don't do it again for those less cool. since we tend to avoid painful feelings we usually remain true to our habits so deeply anchored behaviors often prevail even if we would like to shake them off. it's only when they cause us a high degree of distress letting juror in changes will occur. people whose established personality repertoire causes them problems and who see no way forward might be ready to try to rewire their brain. while. there has to be the prospect of some benefit the change will mean the distress we feel is gone or at least reduced a 3rd fact. alongside reducing to stress and the prospect of rewarding his patients

. good old. that means past appearing even in the face of setbacks and coping with the uncomfortable feeling that our current reality doesn't match our dream another important question is whether we want to change for our own sake or to please other people. another precondition for change is the untapped resources we bring to the process get much won't solve that during his work with juvenile offenders in sarah p. some of the young people were able to make positive changes even though they'd been abused and neglected as children of us copter i may have had an attachment figure an uncle and to a teacher i deal with someone who they told me gave them some stability and support . that relationship helped as well for the suffering of those who have been

inflicted on them a gruesome lyndall that was an inner resources they brought to the table i'm a good source for. those in arizona says that spark of trust openness and empathy are an important wellspring for change. to. get hot who want runs a consulting business that offers change management for companies just like individuals businesses can be stuck in destructive patterns but twin holds tells them that real change takes time and some refuse to play along here among in the future the higher up you go in the management hierarchy this the less the people who wield the real power to put it bluntly are willing to accept change. so lower and middle management are more receptive to those all whom call higher ups. more

impervious this way because change always means changes in who holds power. for. change takes motivation the prospect of reward residual says and lots of patience shaking off unwanted habits can feel risky even painful but people who can cope with those uncomfortable feelings stand a much better chance of achieving the last thing change. just lay back and stare at the sky let the mind wander reflect on the nature of the universe. and you might just stumble upon a question for science like aka onion as the go from gonna. she'd like to know. the same from space as it does from earth. on a sunny day from our standpoint the sky is blue. air

composed of invisible gas molecules gives the sky this color. as sunlight pass' through air these molecules scatter the blue component of the spectrum of visible light in all directions. and that's why the sky looks blue but just to those of us on earth. the international space station hovers above earth's atmosphere when the asheron's look out the window they see our sky above. when they look directly down at the earth's surface without any clouds the astronauts can observe many glorious colors. in the atmosphere only appears as a thin blue line on the horizon. 'd looking away.

from the earth into space which has no air they see a black sky filled with stars 'd the stars appear as tiny bright dots when it's night time on earth the sky is also black to us but earth air causes the stars to 20 and it makes sunrises into the colorful spectacles because the layers of air filter out different parts of light. in contrast and airless space some light is white. sometimes clouds darken our sky they block the light as clouds increase it gets darker on the ground. but seen from above clouds appear bright because the sun is shining on the. weather satellites have a wide view of earth. they study the air in different spectrums of light to detect different temperatures or to find of clouds have water or ice and how quickly

they're moving. this data is used to predict if we can look forward to enjoying blue skies tomorrow. the problem is right right right and i. do you have a science 1st in you'd like us to one say send it in as a video text over. if we feature it on the show you'll get a little surprise from us as a thank you. come on just tons. and for more exciting stories about science check out our website or find us on twitter . on its recourses an exciting if not troubling report about trees. around the world forests have to put up with i'm not. fires fanning climate change. in

germany ash trees are under a special threat we head to the south of the country to meet some researchers who want to save them from a ruthless. forest in their lands hoot in bavaria these 2 men are after a killer that's been claiming a growing number of victims throughout germany and is proving relentless. right now i don't think we'll see any let up here for. the camera is a fungus that preys on ash trees. today christiane my heart and michelle pfeiffer looking for some of the trees afflicted. i've been observing us trees in the area since 2005 the picture has changed massively. the speed at which it spread over the

past few years is not a good development. yet the ash is considered a species that can cope well with climate change its wood is a favorite of the forestry industry. the clandestine killer is hyman frank serious a fungus that grows on the forest floor and produces wars. they are then spread by the wind with some landing on actually swear they subsequently germinate. the fungus feeds on the tissue which slowly dies and the leaves with. from here the fungus spreads to the shoots and branches it works its way to the bark and trunk where it again leads to dead or necrotic tissue but once the fungus is in the wood the disease restricts the flow of water from the roots to the crown and the tree is weakened. if the tissue at the base of the trunk is attacked other pests invade

like ash beetles all the our malaria fungus in the worst case the tree simply falls over. or. new see a monster like this wonderful huge ass tree. between the trees. it makes you want to cry. when the roots are rotten even a tiny wind can topple an ash tree a potential danger for walkers that's why michelle pfeiffer 10 question mark marking angling trees they will be cut down in the late fall when the bird's nesting season is over so how are things looking over. the ash trees here seems to be in good condition especially the one on the left little experts believe that about 5 percent of ash trees are only slightly impacted by the fungus they

seem to be disease tolerant something researches want to take advantage of the tuna and institute up in brandenburg scientists francisca past and ben people planted cuttings of ash trees they think are tolerant then they infected them with the fungus on the tree showing any effect. we hope to see nothing although that could also mean the trust didn't work that's always a risk. hopefully we'll see a couple of places where there is something to see and a couple more where there is nothing. small wood chips infected with the fungus were inserted into the bark of the tree that to research is a sign school is from one to 51 means the tree shows no signs of damage 5 means its dead. cutting gets a warm fuzzy here's where we put in the word. it just fell out.

no infraction is a ball no black lesion is kind of is your lot of us so far there are no traces of the fungus on the cuttings but then. a classic case. it's really sad luckily it goes lately i've noticed in the green jungle but of course it's a bit alarming when you have to take one out from the middle. was the experiment still a success. and most shows it's just a few that do as we expected. to save the trees further research is being conducted on the tolerant ash trees using state of the art technology. the genes of these trees will now be studied because it seems tolerance can be inherited in addition the research is want to understand the disease better and obtain the most tolerant seeds possible that hope. that we can burn served

as an important economic and ecological tree species and forestry purposes and that it doesn't become a marginal species if you work. here at the tune an institute small ash cuttings i'm already being propagated and grown indoors for now creating the perfectly resistant ash tree in the lab remains the stuff of science fiction. back in the forest in bavaria. it's ordinary people don't necessarily see what safety risks least partially damaged. because of this there's always criticism. criticism of cutting down trees but safety comes 1st even if this ash cannot be replaced the forestry experts will still have to look for alternative species and there is a chance. there's research can accomplish anything but we've been the 1st to welcome. yes look we still hope that something can be done for.

the fungus will stop claiming more victims and that the deadly rampage will have a happy ending in years to come. that's all for this week on tomorrow and today we look forward to seeing you next week until then good bye and stay curious.

to. thank you's have supervised. researches the certainly. the 1st 5 years set the course for future success. from their very 1st day babies in kansas and let.

strong what makes your child smile. every day counts for us and for our planet. global ideas is on its way to bring you more conservation the book how do we make see the screamers how can we protect habitats what to do with all our waste the but we can make a difference by choosing smaller solutions over stain set in our way sublime genius limitless series of implode 3000 on the w. and ahmad. more than 1000 years ago

europe witnesses a huge construction boom. with christianity firmly established there is a greater demand for houses of worship. and both religious and secular leaders are eager to display their power so churches become palaces. the race begins who can create the tallest biggest most beautiful structure. stone masons builders and hard to compete with each other to build even going to our jobs. the biggest is home massive churches with towers that pierce the clouds like skyscrapers are created the book.

contest of the cathedral starts people 12th on t w. the best . this is d. w. news live from berlin germany's chancellor warns that existing coronavirus restrictions may not be tough enough. says that if the 16 regional states do not fall into line she may have to intervene stricter measures such as curfews could also be on the table also coming up. condemned the bloodshed me and mark the united

nations accuses the regime of committing mass murder against its own people. and dozens of civilians are killed and thousands of a.