lifting them out of the drop zone at least until their rivals play over the weekend freiburg remain in 10th place in the table. you're watching me as i'm told me a lot of ball that's it for now but oct 19th vessel is up next stay with us. the fight against the coronavirus pandemic. has the rate of infection been developing what does the latest research say. information and contacts the coronavirus update 19. on t w. 200. 3 or not 2 well. what about assuring economy instead of. the change in thinking

is changing the economy to create something that. the economics magazine let me do in germany. on d w. a life. sentence. well i'd rather not but how will the world look after the pandemic alone welcome to the show i'm seeing beardsley in berlin that was sociologist richard sennett with whom we spoke on monday as part of our week long exercise of imagining life after the pandemic that is the aspects of society or even our daily lives that could be changed for the better we've been asking researchers from around the world for their biggest lessons from the past year and a half here's what we've heard so far. has the pandemic changed how we live will

social distancing become the new norm the danger in this is you naturalised the extreme. to zoom or even working from home a nice solution full time. to do that. overthinking showed our society isn't a shock proof as some believed a bitter pill especially for the western world some of us we can learn obviously one is that it pays to build in a bit of slack in the system will resilience and also we shouldn't spend so much on supplies shades of the manufacturing so i think we've learnt that it's worthwhile to have resilience that maximum efficiency what we see is that and most countries also have. take that they have great stocks for only a few days here very much depending on other countries once the borders close that that really pose this problem to. the stock supermarkets. as the crisis taught

us for future planning. your learned the lesson that if you spend a dollar in advance to overt a crisis you will save millions of dollars well if the crisis hits the experience of the damage has accession rated the effects of inequalities which many of us think are far too great anyway and i hope we pressure to reduce them. what can the pandemic teach us about climate change. climate change does not have access whether it is pfizer or durnovo or astra zeneca or whatever they're going to come over the vaccine or build that you're going to be bought in climate change will be solved i hope the break messages that we have to live in coexistence with major of that nature is a huge thing. researchers there we've heard from over the past week and we're not

done yet and today we're exploring a final question what has the pandemic taught us about sustainable growth earlier i spoke with sunscreen dixon's a clave she's co president of the club of rome that's an organization that for decades has warned about the perils of economic growth at all costs i asked century if the race to grow economies in the years ahead will come at the costs of sustainability. well i'm hopeful not but i do think that we are starting to see that in some of the every farm recovery plans that the money that was supposed to be allocated to mark green as social initiatives is not necessarily going in the direction that we had hoped we are actually in the process and myself involved in a series of different conversations with european member states to try to convince them to definitely allocate that money into programs that will create the resilience that we need to face future crises so i would say that unfortunately short termism within political cycles and also thinking only of an economic reboot

which is predominately linked to certain industries won't get us to where we need to go to build the recently instead we actually need across europe and across the globe i get the sense from talking to people and personally for myself as well that everyone's looking for a sense of normality when this pandemic is over a core principle but the core founding principle the club of rome has been that growth as normal is not sustainable is this pandemic a chance for politicians to signal a new direction or is that the wrong time to signal that given that the public maybe feels like it's already sacrificed a lot. i think the pandemic is absolutely the right time to demonstrate to people and tap into their consciousness they themselves have lived through this pandemic and understood what is most essential their lives their livelihoods access to food access to clean water access to public spaces where they can actually go in

feel revitalized so nature and forests etc but what we're seeing is that those people that are ready for that shift are not getting the signals actually from their governments you're right the governments are going back to business as usual and you know there is that have taught phrase for the moment that we need to build back better but many of us are indicating 1st of what you can't build back glaciers you can't build back some of the things that we've destroyed for the last 50 years the club of rome has indicated that absent we're not just going to have one crisis it's not just going to be a parent or a climate change crisis it's going to be a series of crises and my deep worry is that short termism within the public sphere is actually not allowing for leaders to seize this opportunity and work with citizens we have seen that actually colbert has transformed communities we should

be building on that transformation to balance forward differently to grow differently to bring in more equitable well distribution people who actually are ready to ensure and want to be ensuring that they can have access to vaccines access to good health care access to to the most important essential in their lives and even though there's been a bonanza in lying of people buying i do think that if we get back in fact citizens have said in countless surveys but they are ready to shift their lives to take into consideration already the health care and their way but also a future crisis. you would say the politicians are the ones who are signaling right now that they're ready to push that further along but are they hearing themselves from their citizens are their next on the line 1st of all is that always the great tension about that short term what people want now whether it's that trip to the maldives for example whether it is the ability to buy whatever they want whenever

they want versus their long term fears are those they often have both at the same time. again i'm not sure the politicians are listening really to people i think they listen to what they want to listen to they listen to special interests that we do know that corporations have a great deal power and the way in which our politicians think and also look at economic growth i guess all of the surveys that are coming back are indicating that people understand that we're facing a series of different crises and they do want to change change is difficult and it's complex and if we don't have brave leadership that understands the complexity that understand systems approaches in order to actually build the reselling chance that we need for future generations then we aren't going to get there so there needs to be an approach taken by leaders and what's interesting is that when we look at those economies they truly have made that shift so for the moment we have 5

khana means that have actually moved to well being economies that are looking at social economic and environmental indicators together and they're moving beyond that g.d.p. growth scenario those economies are finland iceland wales. abstract scotland. and the zealand air new zealand and all of those economies actually are very much shifting into this area and what's really interesting for me is to see that actually through coal but they're also the economies that have managed the pandemic the best because they've started to deal risk the system pendency on only production we have to remember that value chains and production has been totally disrupted by kogut and it is those economies and those companies by the way that truly take into consideration what that disruption is going to do that our big 8 becoming much more resilient. sandrine dixon the clave there co

president of the club of rome spoke with her earlier and we go now to our science correspondent derek williams who is this week with his own vision for a post kind of a future. if you don't have your health you don't have anything what more can we do to keep as many people as possible as healthy as possible. this week is about visions for a postcode world so i want to talk for a 2nd about a fundamental change in perception that i personally view as as a loan overdue now a minimum standard of health for all is in shortly and in several international agreements including the 948 universal declaration of human rights but over 70 years later this pandemic has once again focused

a glaring spotlight on how very very far away we still are from actually providing equitable medical care to everyone at the same time it's highlighted that none of us are safe until all of us are protected even those who can't afford it and it's in everyone's best interest to provide comprehensive movie care and vaccines to everyone but the 1st question everyone asks is always who's going to pay for it. and for me that's the crux of this very fundamental problem health is still way too closely tied to making money we've monetized medicine and and that needs to change don't get me wrong there's no question that a model treating medicine as just another way to pursue profit that it also helps

drive innovation whether it's at a pharmaceutical giant or or a doctor's practice or were at the insurance companies that finance at all but but i personally don't think that we'll ever be able to provide decent health care to all as long as we continue to treat health care as a product something to be bought and sold like a like a car or or a smart phone i believe we've reached a point in human history where high quality universal medical care shouldn't be seen as as a utopian dream but as an achievable goal and who knows maybe the pandemic will help push us in the right direction and this week was about visions so so that's my hope for wish for a post coded future. right

that's it for our team here and their weeklong look at life after the pandemic we thank you for joining us and we hope to see you again so. he's quite as simple as it seems. to understand the world better we need to take a closer. experience knowledge to morrow to just. keep the truth.

is this art. or is it. just technology. artificial intelligence create our. distant future. nightmare. for a delightful 2. i haven't learned. 21. in 30 minutes on w. more than a 1000 years ago europe witnesses a huge construction boom. christianity firmly established itself. both religious and secular leaders or to display their power.

to trace began. and create the tallest biggest and the most beautiful structure. is called massive churches are created. conscious of the drills starts april 12th on d. w. . what makes a volcano erupts. how does too much food affect the balance of our gut flora. and which animals have the most successful relationships and says to those questions and more coming up. welcome to tomorrow today the science show on t w. in the past half century the human diet has

undergone huge changes not just in industrialised countries many developing countries are also seeing big changes in the amount of food available to people. at the same time if these city and intestinal disorders are on the wrong. scientists in germany are studying the effects of the calorie rich in surprising places. with the lentils it is one of the biggest lakes in northern germany. here to biologists are investigating a revolutionary idea. that getting help from tiny creatures in these plastic test tubes their hydrogen or freshwater polyps they turn out to be a good model for understanding how the micro biome of the human gut works like our intestines the skin of the polyps is covered in bacteria. the researchers want to

know whether the amounts and kinds of nutrients in the leg influence the organisms health of this year. we're interested in knowing about the balance between an organism and its bacteria how they interact and if there is an imbalance whether triggers disease. when we put hydras or freshwater polyps which other bacteria on the outside into a more nutrient rich environment like this you trophic lake we see that the creatures become ill. to lushly it from key to university and his colleague peter diners have another hunch that this might be similar for people could excessive food intake thro the bacterial colonies and got out of balance. over the past 50 years food availability has grown enormously in industrialised countries at the same time there's been a dramatic increase in gastrointestinal diseases such as crohn's disease. why is

that. to better understand the relationship between bacteria and their host the researchers have started a feeding experiment with a freshwater polyps in their lap. one group of bacteria is that a more protein rich diet for humans this would be the equivalent of eating a lot of dairy products and other animal proteins. the other group perceives a rich and complex mixture of carbohydrates fats and proteins similar to an unhealthy diet with lots of meat and sugar. how did the polyps bacterial colonies in the 2nd group change into their excessive diet. just washed it was amazing how quickly the entire system reacted within 24 hours we have served a drastic change in the composition of the bacterial colonies a strong increase in bacteria and initial signs of illness in the hydros themselves

. one of the signs of disease can be seen here in fast motion the hydra polyp cell material breaks down that tentacles get shorter within a single day. to learn more about the different types of bacteria that were fed the researchers cultured them for 24 hours in a nutrient medium. what changes did they see. as a good quality was it really was the control group looks like usual probably a lot of corby dr doctor that as always if you climb when you eat. it while nothing unusual was detected in the 1st group of bacteria the overfed bacteria reproduced extremely quickly. to identify the micro biota exactly the researchers come to the bacteria and analyzed their d.n.a. that finding overfeeding resulted in the uncontrolled increase in certain kinds of

bacteria while other kinds were displaced but what does this have to deal with humans are somewhat fewer can be seen in many illnesses including in inflammatory intestinal diseases for example that they're often associated with are accompanied by changes to the micro biome which raises the question is after calls are just a symptom. and tuning the steve up here and his friend. peter dinah's and tim lushly it suspect that a micro biome that has been thrown off balance by an unhealthy diet could itself of course diseases. using a sea anemone as an example they demonstrate which reactions extreme overfeeding of the micro biome could lead to. the and then many in the bacteria that live on it have been exposed to excessive nutrients. and this is what happens under laboratory conditions if the creatures get sick from an imbalance

microfiber to they do everything. they can to bring their bacterial colonies back into balance. they completely shed that outer layer could humans clean that sick gut flora by fasting for instance. if you didn't want to do it for various studies about people fasting we're not doing studies with humans but they seem to be parallels to our experiments when it comes to fasting or doctrine of food intake the got bacteria are no longer nursed so strongly by our food. instead they have to focus on sources that are available such as the intestinal mucosa. ones in the. dom. so could abstention bring an overfed microbiome back into balance research is still underway but it seems clear that both in quantico organisms and humans the micro biome reacts more sensitive lee to diet than was previously thought. once upon

a time computing is. good. no not these confuses these computers the term computer describes the job done by people carrying out mathematical calculations by hand for example hundreds of women worked as human computers calculations life there are several necessary. nowadays such jobs are done by electronic computers and they're growing ever more powerful. what will the city of tomorrow look like how does a galaxy evolve and what weather can we expect for the next few months just 3 of the many questions that might be answered by germany's new home supercomputer interested gart in this case scientists from the university of one time are tasking the computer with simulating extreme weather conditions for the rest of the year while detailed forecasts are not possible the system could identify major weather events several months in advance. to finest would be ideal. to use

a global model and what's called an ensemble approach used to compute uncertainties what's coming extreme weather events and assessments we see whether we can expect droughts or heavy rainfall on major storms which occur relatively frequently in europe. using an older computer scientists have mapped most of the planet but regions around the north and south poles are still missing and that final 17 percent is crucial for a workable weather simulation. and that's where the new computer comes in it might need 2 weeks for this highly complex task but that's still 4 times faster than its predecessor so just how fast is the supercomputer. one times with my mobile and you can do a direct comparison and say that the processes are similar to our own personal

p.c.'s similar because they're a little more evolved just in one system here you have the equivalent of 15 or 20000 p.c.'s insisted that it was also right here in guard that one of the world's 1st high performance computers that craig too was built that was 985 what was back then cutting edge technology had roughly the same computing capacity as a modern smartphone that. the average figures in the us this is to forget that in the 1980 s. the cray tos were extremely fast machines. and since then technical developments of enabled us to go smaller and smaller. were at the end of a 35 year evolution or a speed has been doubled every 18 months it's really difficult for them to supercomputers have also become more energy efficient although they still need as much elektra city as a small town with 40000 residents but they're simulations can help make wind farms

for example more effective. this footage is from the predecessor of the new computer the aim here is to calculate when turbulence and how it impacts on potential interference between individual turbines. and supercomputers are helping to improve those simulations the scientists already have a preliminary 3 d. model of particulate matter pollution and guard right down to each street. this data might later be used to create a prediction model for the level of pollution on your own doorstep the scientists also want their models to be accessible to the man and woman on the street. as well in terms of 10 or 15 years ago these systems were only seen in research and to a degree in industry but today we have simulations that are far less. technical and all the more relevant for the general public to fit in the circle. as seen in this depiction of an entire city in which residents can glide from aid to be but some

simulations are simply there to behold such as this recreate of the birth of a galaxy a picture that would not need a 1000 words but 10000 years on a regular home computer. if outlet is read why are they allowed to move even. if you have a science question you've always wanted and said we're happy to help out send it in and if we answer it on the show you'll get a little surprise as a frank you. can always just us. you'll find us at our website d.w. dot com slash science or on twitter. iverson fusion wants to know. why do volcanoes erupt. they look so peaceful until that not dozens of volcanoes erupt every year. most

lie at the scene where tectonic plates land open if an ocean push against each other or move apart making the earth's crust unstable. volcanoes are the planet's way of letting off steam. the earth is made up of layers in the fiqh mantle around the core and beneath the famed outer crust rock melts into magma under great pressure and temperature. the magma expands and pushes upward when it breaks through the surface it's called lava. there are different kinds of all kind of corruption if a massive column shoots into the sky it's called a plenty interruption. when the magma heats up water causing an explosion of steam it's called for an attic. subglacial one's a current modern needs ice usually under a glacier. these are just 3 examples there are several more categories.

conical may be the iconic form but in fact volcanoes come in many shapes and sizes when lava breaks through a crack in the earth a mountain can form quickly or it can take tens of thousands of years. it depends also on how many eruptions occur and how much lava comes out. the temperature of lava usually ranges between $51200.00 degree celsius depending on the chemical composition of the rock from which it formed. when does sound become noises. the answer could vary according to individual tastes and cultural norms but the physics sounds noisy or

not up pressure waves propagating through the air and impinging on the. sounds of intensities of more than 85 decibels can harm your hearing and your health for example in the workplace. are open plan offices an endless nightmare. a source of perpetual stress. or to one. of germany's federal institute for occupational safety and health endorsement lars out all from his team are looking at why working in a busy office can put a strain on our health especially when it's very noisy. the in time can be serious with symptoms such as agitation anger and mental distraction this harms our psychological well being and it needs to be taken seriously. but what does this look like in practice we do a little informal experiment bianca is an experienced secretary who is used to

stress. she gives us a sample of saliva so we can measure the concentration of the stress hormone cortisol. we then leave bianca alone in a small quiet office to do a performance test at the end 4 hours later we get a 2nd saliva sample. and the next day the idea is going to take another test but this time in a busy open plan office would you feel more stress and with her cortisol level be higher the researchers and have developed a program to model the noise in an open plan office before it's even been built the arrangement of everything from desks to printers to room dividers makes a big difference this is what it sounds like an accordion configured open plan office. and now with room dividers. good. house software helps greatly people who are going to design an office more

aware of the issues we can only work with a representative example of the office design that's a limitation because reality presents a far broader range of factors that we're unable to incorporate the. so after the test in the quiet individual office bianca now has to deal with the noise of his open plan office where she again gives us a live samples. she feeling more stressed than on the previous day. bianca's courses all level does rise slightly joining her for hours in the big office in the single office decreased over the same period of time though the initial level that day was a lot higher our experiment is more of a snapshot than hard evidence. it is. worth my researchers have yet to conduct long term studies on how working in a big office affects stress levels it is however clear that less noise is much

better than lots of noise in an office environment. this is a very good. sized. business you have to look very closely at what actually goes on the nature of the work what kinds of communication and social interactions take place and you really have to involve the staff listen to what they say their needs actually are. but i gleason. c.s. m.m. is a consulting and architecture company in munich and this is open plan office the team designs offices for other firms. whether an open plan office is a blessing or a curse for the people working at us depends on the space available and how it's crafted and used. then and one can even get on if a company wants us to design an open plan office just so it can save space and costs

. it's already game over and it will not go well for one. nowadays there's a lot of emphasis on teamwork and corporate settings stuff are expected to be flexible and no longer bound to a fix work place. with a pen a laptop and a phone i can work anywhere i may still have a desk but my workspace might well get smaller and smaller than my client at the same time we need to create other spaces that are a lot larger than most and. that means rooms for meetings where an entire team can discuss and plan together. and small quiet corners to talk without disturbing everybody else. as well as ones where you can be alone. we need to create such spaces as well not just rooms for team meetings people need

to be able to take a break and get away from the others and be alone somewhere quiet and peaceful and . that means escaping the bustle of an open plan office the researchers in development have developed concentration tests to determine what kinds of noise cause the most stress and so always a question of volume quiet noise this can be very annoying to such as the dripping at the top. of n.p.r. or if it's very noisy while you're trying to concentrate your performance will probably decrease. back to bianca to see what that means she took our test twice 1st alone then in a busy office that. while on her own she completes 11 out of 26. but in the big office only 10. the difference may appear minor

but if everybody's performance declines by that amount you have a problem because almost on the basic open plan office you may save a little space and cut some costs but if your company's efficiency drops 10 percent that would be a disaster. god is to say sound planning pays off. not just for company bosses but also for the stuff. bringing up babies is just full females not necessarily studies show that gender doesn't predict who is better caring for children instead who have a spends more time with the kids adept played logically that can be measured in changes to the brain and hormone levels not just in humans let's take a look at parenting and relationships in the animal world. squirrels are classic loners in the animal world both males and females spend most of the

year foraging for food alone each marking their territory with scent from glands on their paws. mating season is time to account for their insecure food supply the animals typically reproduce twice a year so should there not be enough food for any young in the winter there's always a 2nd chance. this australian species of bat lives in a kind of harem. that's do not normally commit to long term relationships but in this case it is common for one male to hang out with a number of females. the advantage is that while the females are out looking for food the male guards the offspring in a kind of kindergarten. some chimpanzee species live in groups with up to 80 members monogamous relationships are unknown

here scientists refer to polyamory. the males go out hunting together and also defend their territory together. because the males do not tend to mate more frequently than their brethren isn't that a disadvantage. to the mentioned this in the. past the males mate with a number of females who in turn made with several partners the males don't know which of the young are the romans. as a result the males are friendly to all the young chimpanzees. and that reduces the risk of the young chimpanzees being killed. your true troll. so a range of different sexual partners can cull them only help to ensure a group survival. this penguin is busy incubating an egg together with its partner both of them are male. in zoos this behavior often resists eyebrows

but in fact it's not uncommon. homosexual couples are especially prevalent among bird species. and male for mangoes have been observed stealing eggs and then incubating them together. with giraffes homo sexual relations are actually more common than heterosexual ones and they're also seen among cows and other domesticated animals why is that. some i know that for that i think. it seems to reduce sexual tension. at the same time because the benefit of the learning effect as a with some species the animals have difficulty raising their 1st offspring so including nestled ing. or so this gives them the opportunity to get some practice to. it was recently discovered that female albatrosses often raise their young with each other

a surprising revelation for researchers and when they cannot yet explain. in the aquatic world it's often the fathers that take care of the next generation. probably the most famous example are sea horses here the males carry the eggs and their power until they hatch. and with these a labyrinth fish or grammys the males also assume parental care duties in addition to building and tending to the nest they guard their young from predators and found oxygen rich water over them. by then fishing but in my most species of fish of external fertilization once the female has released the eggs the male releases the semen over them the female is done 1st as it were and can therefore leave the male alone with the young. clownfish change gender tracking

down a partner in their core rate habitat is difficult so if the mother female of a group dies the dominant male in the group member place her that option of changing sex and mabel's the fish to continue reproducing. but the nuclear family does exist 2 in the animal world given its live in close knit units of mother father children in the wild the apes mainly eat fruit but the supply tends to fluctuate. one tree alone would not provide enough fruit for a larger group but a small family on their own would have enough to eat. animals have developed some pretty inventive mating patterns and family structures the assumption is that they provide advantages because sometimes we don't know what they are.

that's all for this week knows that you could join us. back next time with more exciting science on tomorrow today until then good bye.

is this art. or is it just technology for. artificial intelligence create our. distant future and the night me. for a delightful change. i as an artist 21. coming up on deep to.

come in architecture from in the netherlands this experiment to display the. words on film and facade into a trance. and you hear me now yes yes we got new in her last years gentlemen's hearts that will bring you an angle that magical and you've never had to have before the surprise yourself with what is possible who is magical really what moves back and what all somebody who talks to people who follows her along the way admirers and critics

alike how is the world's most powerful woman shaping her legacy joining us from eccles la stops. we have an important new. smoking news healthy. his designs are good for the ears. doesn't exist. well no. matter how great it might. be in the street just controlling your thoughts. they are potentially seeking. science. it's not easy to spot i'm saying one thing and history is another. the great books of the 20th century the.

present day hoaxes. and who's behind. this kind of behavior is unacceptable and will not be. treasuring ignorance struck me on t.w. . this is news and these are our top stories tributes are being paid to britain's prince philip husband of queen elizabeth the 2nd who has died at the age of 99 at windsor castle his health had been deteriorating in recent months with several spells in hospital british prime minister boris johnson praised the prince for his extraordinary life and work. of ok no has erupted on the caribbean island of st vincent for the 1st time in 4.