pushing through is our next. but it was nothing more than a consolation for wolfsburg as frankfurt held on for the wayne audi who to side cementing their grip on the champions league places. and watching the daily news well have more headlines coming out the top of the hour until then as always our website dot com thanks watching. we're all set to go off their citizenship many were. as we take on the. recall of the stories that matter to. policeman following. but you fire made.

a primal emotion. an instinctual response. but for something so fundamental fear is still a mystery. why are some people frozen by phobia while others seem like super humans. fear is really doesn't exist the mind it may just go in the bodies frozen. cannot deepest fears be overcome and should we even try shoes for a living breathing case study of what life would be like without fear could fear in fact be good for us. to survive to board a zombie is eating all it up. can you bear to find out.

stinks there's nothing like a walk through a haunted house there's thrills and chills. and shrieks of laughter. but facing your deepest fears is no laughing matter. here on monday. there is no better place to study fear than at its most extreme. calm or mad when they come. after you. marry him kanag is terrified of chickens the instant she sees a chicken a memory tells her body to go on higher alert. the former owner celebrates that.

but you see actually is really irrational behavior he's a good mother does the work. and even though they realize that there is no real threat the moment that they are in the situation they press falls as if there is your real danger and that they will die. our brain does not differentiate between whether the fear is russian or not. they don't know what it is real danger or no real danger. miriam is here with dr meryl cont of the university of amsterdam in a radical attempt to cure her paralyzing fear. that. super force that one little pill a known heart medication appears to wipe away fear. 24 hours later dr kent accompanies miriam back to the rooster is it. for

40 years what do you feel. do next relax clear. yet. full the needs of the family. the motivation. for payback. it is emotional that you're going through this crisis. from crying in fear to tears of relief phobia is gone. he spoke to rooster as almost a new friend. yet that's must. have been seeing an. impressive. reports of a cure for fear have attracted a lot of attention to talk to kim's clinic eva holland has come all the way from canada to see what she can do about how fear of heights. she's writing

a book on her experiences with fear and was initially skeptical about this therapy this sounds like science fiction but just a single pill a 2 minute exposure will cheerier decades long so be it it doesn't even seem like convincing science fiction but the more i read about it it was it was clear that it seemed to be working for people. right there sleep here as dr ken's treatment is based on a new understanding of how fear memories walk it's not understood that they are not fixed in storage like a photograph op that they get periodic lee resave and a malleable. want to kill his strengths triggered a fear memory by exposing people to a situation or stimulus a defeat or think i get really freaked out for itself. so we triggered this what we call fear memory. here and then what's

important is that something new should happen. because this is a signal to the brain to update. the memory. and if that happens that means the team member tracy is temporarily in a deist civilized state. what's new in this case is that even a really tries to take in the experience and not look away oh god you continue your chance to go higher and higher but you're doing well reading well. when dr kent feels that evil as fear has been fully triggered a return to the ground. i'm still iffy if you. don't put your give it away it's going. to go

out. try to next try to speak to. i wanted to follow the instructions to the letter i wasn't supposed to do anything that might trigger me to feel afraid at all. i just kind of try to stay in a little bubble until i went to sleep. the idea of restating the memory happens during the night. but we disrupt this process by giving the client a pill of propranolol. the pill has been used for years as hard medication but when administered under exact conditions it also blocks the work of a neurotransmitter involved in brief saving memories. the memory has been changed in a way that it doesn't trigger it is fairly strong fear response the next day eva

and dr kent are back at the fire station ok looking at the budget yeah. that's just the fact that. so far it's look better than yesterday yeah if you change position because here you feel sort of weird for you to shut down or. as soon as we lifted off the ground it felt completely different the day before. we went all the way to the budget's upper limit and it was windy here at 6 and even the day before the bucket was shaking and i kept waiting to get scared and they did it yesterday when i feel like i'll get up all over that. it felt like a completely different experience. every time when i see my clients being so scared it's really intense to be good to but i'm doing i think it's necessary to charles a few it and to see the difference there relief happiness this is extremely

rewarding. important to behavior therapy to many people that show or relapse and oh i could name a meaning. in traditional therapy a person learns to overcome their fear by approaching that trigger over and over again limits each time what happens in the brain is better than a new memory trace is formed to call it a sort of memory or an inhibitor remembering an additional memory competes kristie or which interfere memory. or defame memory remains intact and this explains that people may relapse because if your memory is so strong. and not so difficult to reinstate it for schools. even though they know that they shouldn't be afraid of spiders it shouldn't be afraid of dogs or chickens or whatever they cannot change that's and so it's

a sort of. friction in the brain between the part of the brain are rational thinking and the emotional part of brain and this is such a challenge from comments from talk from what is new is that we can change the emotional memory or to fear memory itself instead of only forming a new memory trace that competes with the fear memory. of these new insights of fear learning and memory are at the forefront of science. well. we. can feel it not abolishing is not something dr kent recommends. if i think of her life is not a fear it would feel. quite empty my hair greatest fear is that something.

that happens to my children who say oh i realize that's even though it is not just a nice feeling of forest that is just the other side of the laws that are few for my children. but how is it that some people panic before chickens spiders on heights while others. like calm the mellow seem to have no fear at home. conners a motocross stunt champion from all of the canada when i was 3 years old i got my 1st her bike up this kind of riding bikes up and down the road. my school friends jumps bigger bigger steeper steeper go higher bigger distances. it's kind of temps a commitment on the surface and as a consequence is a can be very high will we see the front so you're the 1st dance. steps.

i. was. undeterred by pain fan or a broken down bike col immediately tries to stomp again it's trying to see. why. i. hate you so. when tricks have gone wrong in a crash or hurt myself and then i get up and you get this attention i try tries maybe a 100 tries the feeling when i land something new are there been done. your energy spice up your joints bicep. sekula sure you do you really did it showed up 1st from ponce no but this is say. here it really doesn't exist it exists in our mind but that's it and when you face it it's gone.

it actually kind of becomes addicting. now carl has come to vanderbilt university in nashville in the us to work with david sound who wants to know how deals with fear or if he feels it at all was my story i wanted to make music and film video and write soundtracks but somehow that didn't work out i ended up moving into neuro science as a profession. conwell undergo a brain scan. doctors out doesn't use scary pictures just because you would know that they are fake instead he uses gory images that activate the same brain region that is triggered by threats. hard not to have an emotional response to this images and so it really challenges the person to be able to clamp down on

that emotional experience that they have what i want you to do is try to reduce any emotional experience that you have during those pictures. if there is something special in kyle's brain that makes him immune to fear dr zone will see it. the next morning the results are in this is the area that we're particularly interested in. because it is really central to the experience fear doctors are of can see that kyle's visual cortex at the back of the brain lights up as it takes in the threatening information normally the amidala would be fired up as well but not canales. you're

basically look quite silent in that condition by contrast the visual cortex is still doing some amount of response in terms of trying to figure out what it seeing everything we looked at here how can we relate this to like my writing and understand i spoke to fear and how i deal with it. there are a couple things i think are relevant for you in particular one of them is that you do experience a fear of what can happen i even remember my 1st attempt after the 1st stick crashes i was scared i was nervous i was shaking. but you show a really strong ability to down regulate that i mean that circuitry that's involved when people are anxious or afraid you can control it to enough of a degree that it allows you to actually go forward to do the tricks to do the job.

beyond a great ability to clamp down on fear also appears to get an extra rush from overcoming it dr saunders studied how thrill seekers have a greater amount of dopamine a kind of reward chemical flowing through their brains. found is that where in presented with something that's highly motivating they get a stronger response to for you i think you know throughout your life there's been that whole to do it. so you're telling me a little bit about preparing a new job yes like when it comes out a new doctor zoned fearlessness is at the heart of what it means to be human if we think about evolutionary history human spread out across the entire club and then their relatively short amount of time it looks like how how did we do that. you had to be able to overcome fears of doing certain things that hadn't been done before

the folks who can do that may have a real advantage. so people like karl might be at the vanguard of human evolution. could it be that getting scanned is actually good for us. no other creature on earth likes to get scammed quite the way humans to. pay for it all 6. why do people pay to end a haunted houses and risk area. the data. chucked over fast is a 27 acre stream park and we have hoards all throughout the property. if they gave out ph d.'s in haunted house design sociologist. would teach the course

she's here in pennsylvania with patrick on a penske to give him some of the science behind his scans a finely tuned mix of psychology and physiology this room does a good job of taking childhood. things that we remember and regard with a lot of. basically defiling really create such a big decision and such a violation of our child that things that we think are supposed to be joyful and happy and now they're all the sudden the exact opposite i remember a lot of light nightmares when i was younger and it had to do with things in my room. we mix real church as well as props all of these so with a chaotic life very loud music they're not 100 percent sure what's filling.

our startle reflex does get saturated after repeated startles in quick succession. the. week you start to tune it out. and here you do have an assault on the senses but it's in a confined space just enough time to really get the system ramped up and then move on to something else so that the customer doesn't get over saturated. by smelling some fire snarl salut we bring a device to emit that odor to immerse the customer our sense of smell is such a powerful sense it's tapped into our memories in such a liar and way it's the only sense where we're actually sensing molecules from the environment that trigger the neurons to fire is a sensitive sense to tap into because if you do use too much discussed or us now that is so overwhelming it can quickly take

a. out of the experience of disgust and fear are different in the brain and the body the focus turns to just escaping that disgusting smell. moggy has traveled around but while visiting haunted houses haunted forests roller coasters and just about anything else designed to scare. that's great. for better understand the formula. one thing she's not and is that it's often things that deviate just a little too much from the norm but to stuff the most. clowns are terrifying people always wonder why are people afraid of clowns but really they have more in common with monsters than happy things because they have painted faces it makes their facial expressions really difficult to read you have somebody who has a painted on smile but their mouth is actually frowning you can't really get an

idea of what they're feeling or what they're going to do and it's dissonance it's our brain saying it is this person you know say for not so they really are the perfect monster i mean. what do you think how was it. you know i was crazy like a roller coaster of emotions because it's almost needed to come like scared and then it's almost a sense of relief when i left right we found that people you know after they have come out of the attraction and had a moment to collect themselves a feeling of of almost euphoria because you've got all the endorphins that are released while you were scared and now you're safe the natural high is not just the intensity it's the relaxation that happens afterwards to. maybe a scam asta but tailoring the ultimate experience is not as easy as it seems. a fact not lost on video game designers who are taking fear as fun to

a whole new level. when we set out to scare somebody there's the to mean ways we look at it. the easy scare is the jump scare gets that leap out catch you by surprise kind of moment that is actually almost more startling than scary as far as i'm concerned the more effective way is kind of the the hitchcockian way to do things which is to lure you in and extend that moment the anticipation of the scare that's when we grab your heart and we start to squeeze just slowly at 1st a little tighter returning to the point where you're saying ok just enough get it over with brad firm injure has helped design some big names in horror games including eternal darkness. he also teaches game design and george brown college in toronto. brad is advising one group of students on

a game they call rebuff. so rebirth is a 1st person horror game that places the player in the role of a jury of mother who's lost her infant daughter and has undertaken a cult ritual in an attempt to resurrect her child. we join her in the middle of this ritual abuse or see it to its conclusion in her suburban home where things are getting very very creepy. they've sent them project to theresa lynch of ohio university who uses video games to stop the fear these that we're placing on our feet are going to be capturing your skin conductance levels and what it's doing is sending a very very minimal electrical impulse being sent through the sensors that's interacting with the amount of sweat that's being produced in the glands of your foot along with a horror classic amnesia other doctors sent to rezone has agreed to test drive rebuff

with us to didn't alexis to see how its feel factors at top games provide us this very interesting context in which we can study a few responses you have the ability to make decisions in the game with an agency that is not available and less interactive media to raises a quick munt plants the plants hot right skin conductance and facial expression allowing ha and her assistant to break down the fear response into 3 stages true in video games as they are in real life. in the pre encounter stage this is basically when you're might be a little bit anxious if you're in an environment that is signaling to you that there may be threats working my butt is that the 2nd stage is the actual encounter the body ramps up for a fight or flight. not. pointing

to the distance between or ideas of bikes has narrowed me. now if the threat is approaching you then we enter into what's referred to as the circus strike stage where you're going to have to make a decision about whether you're going to try to run away from the threat or you're right and i did. i don't know that it was oh god. now expletive proudly i didn't just run. ok and so that's occurred over over a one on the scale so that was a pretty that was the most dramatic change that we've seen so far. in the game isn't over but this plan is dumb. so we're just testing everything out on our end to make sure everything's working good to resound the rebuff designers discuss how findings they especially want to know about the role of the senses in their game. as their various. races things are.

we think of visual stimuli as being the thing that's going to be more scary just because it can be more extreme but when we are able to orient to visual stimuli in our environments we know a lot about it so i think there's a monster there it is i see it i know where it is now i can track it now i can respond to it we're actually much less shark in terms of our ability to detect and orient to sound so sound can definitely heightened fears sponsor's anxiety and preparedness without really giving the player something to latch on to you're just a simple little blast is really all you need it's it's cheap it's a fish of above all with so much about fear being learned from video games people are turning to video for treatment. well 1415 like a cut just me remember having this fear. site in general it's

embarrassing for me today i look at bit deeper into what it is. if i could read it rid myself of that they'll be amazing. michael ampitheater has come to the university of quebec in caton to try on therapy with virtual reality see that how you see that death 3 cause and because there is no lead she can actually forward jumpier doctors to fund is a pioneer in its use and has the world's most developed on lab for this very purpose 1st of all you have to put on this have sat. together with his assistant. mabel put michael through his virtual pacer's the emotional part of the brain limbic system kicks in within 12 within seconds and the logical part of the brain comes afterwards so it means that we get emotional before we get logical so in virtual reality 4 percent sufficient virtual similar part of the brain that deals

with emotion believes or reacts as if it's true that even though it's not too late because emotions are there and what we want to do and therapies build your strength in controlling those emotions that's confidence who want to build confidence that is safe consider that you're not drawn by the cliff or the void and confidence that if you feel your draw you can stay in control and actually pull back at you pace. the 1st step is for michael and to assess the severity of michael's condition we want to see what point you can climb up the ladder comfortably as soon as you start feeling that you don't want to keep going up you simply start if you come back. it's. best.

if you're unafraid it's easy but when gripped by fear the imagination runs wild. the lattice 30 great. pretty. good to jump michael now he could come down michael stops at the 5th rung and can go no higher with this treatment. so you simply grab this that was there something you could look for out of the trust go. back at the lab a deep sinkhole has opened up in michael's new reality he must begin by moving towards it a big part of who wants to get a hold with a. body of higher learning brain. is sick of frozen state we want to show your body that it's ok to be close to the action of not just

a small doubt are you able to just bring your arms down just. slowly bring them down to your. progress is slow but sure invention michael attempts to walk a prank over the abyss ok my mother. was still there because there's nobody there isn't that what it. is always trying to convince you basically that a stagers if you're trying to give it says a look i'm doing it so if it's 5 years. what makes virtual reality such a powerful therapy is that patients can do what is impossible or too dangerous in real life. one of the basic things that we can do for fear of isis you could actually chuck the whole back. so the further you go the less fear the. feel the emotion of the feeling rushed into my stomach given i've been

jumping. on the counter for 3 michael will leap into the abyss. one to. see if it's not. my thing just go with my body just for. the. record. what that. that that. if so were it because they thought of the was that. i was out this is the one which was longer so there are a few more jumps and michael feels that he's gained some on story over his fear

now it's back to the gym. patients usually do 8 to 10 vyas sessions before they hope to see a real improvement but michael is keen to try again. the kitchen over who would. come out. yesterday when we did test he got to the 1st step you know we got up to today. that night one home so 678 died as tracy so yesterday froze here today 1st there that's amazing progress actually it has as far as. was with just one session michael has nearly doubled his height while no one is saying he's conquered his fear he appears to be well on the way

rationalizations. fear of heights there's a widespread phobia could some deep and common fears be innate. that is exactly what david rocker's son would like to know he scares babies for a living to see when fear takes root in the mind. you get a startle response from babies very early on babies will blink and move back from a looming object. that's not necessary evidence of fear it's been could just be an innate mechanism to avoid objects that are about to hit you. there are perhaps no other creatures as universally feared as these. i think that the fact that so many people have fears of snakes and spiders even though they know the threat many of the faces of the live shows the evolutionary significance of them so that got me thinking what would cause this privileged status for the snakes and spiders and so

i started thinking how would i test that. how that. went into the infant cognition that this is maddy yes ok so today we're going to be running mattie in an experiment that tests how babies look at things like snakes and spiders and how they learn about the features on the properties of those things are ok ready maddy there that is like yesterday. were. all. taking trackers and it's not such in for signs of fear he's looking to see what captures the imprints attention. we show babies schematic versions of snakes and spiders and then we track how long the babies live in each of these images competitive scrabble versions of the same images. and we find that if 5 months of base babies will track a snake like image longer than they will scramble versions of the snake and they

will do the same thing for spiders that little schematic spyder them at scrabble versions of the spiders but could it just be a familiar pattern or shape that catches the eye so we've tried using flowers and we say no effect for flowers which is about logically plausible stimulus no effect for rodents or sharks. so it seems unlikely that it's of her friends for a bob logically possible shape it seems rather that babies have this very specific bias to look at space snakes and spiders in particular and this correlates nicely with what we know about adult fish westlake the spiders are in the top 5 non-human animals at that adults hand but rather than proving innate fear david rakoff some believes this is proof of a kind of early warning defense system it seems as if there is no innate fish babies have to learn fish but i think that some things have a privileged status when it comes to feeling like snakes and spiders these are

things the baby seems to learn to fear more rapidly than other things like cars. or cigarettes or god. humans have a full of rapidly because individuals who didn't die. they were bitten and they die and those genes were passed on. so unless someone around the infant reacts the child won't necessarily be afraid when they see a snake. but as boys and girls grow their differences do arise and david rock isn't has an idea about why. women are 4 times as likely to be fearful of snakes and spiders. over evolutionary time men who were unwilling to protect their family or to go to fight or to get resources or hunt would it not be selected as mates to say the genes for being fearful that men have been selected

against but if a woman dies a baby is more likely to die than if the father dies so women likely have a valve to be somewhat safer to protect themselves and thus protect their own shot and said the genes for this specialized mechanism fail anybody passed on that spread through the population. somewhere among the millions of people in the us their lives a woman who knows no fear our identity has been kept a secret for over 30 years you could walk by how on a street and never know. and yet super power is helping unlock the mystery of how feel works in the mind. dr justin feinstein is one of the few people in the world who knows who she is and what she's like i've had a chance to work with her both in laboratory settings and also in real world settings for about 15 years. she's known only as an ass. and

she lacks fear because she lacks a part of her grain. she is one of the only humans walking around earth without her make to allah. she has this condition known as a rock feat a disease and for a reason that science still has not figured out the condition will go into the brain and selectively calcified the a make the law on both sides of the brain and this is exactly what happened to patient s.m. . there was a lot of people around her who were part of the drug trade she had reported to the police that she didn't want any of these people in her community one day she was sitting outside of her apartment and a stranger comes out of the blue puts a gun to her head and yells the top of his lungs. and then runs off.

about 20 minutes after this occurs the police knock on her door. because a neighbor saw this unfold they were quite concerned. and the police said you know explain what happened who was this guy and she was very surprised to even see the police it didn't register on her radar that this was a serious of that that it just occurred. as am's extreme condition maylon signs to finally understand how feo in the brain. dr feinstein has spent years of his life trying to scare ass am not even the scariest of films like this one caused her to flinch and then he decided to threaten her from within. internal threats these are threats that are coming

through the body itself through changes say your heart rate or your respiratory pattern and when the brain processes those changes it interprets it as fear or in some cases even. this is going to measure. heart rate in oxygen saturation just as he is doing with this woman in his lab dr feinstein decided to see what would happen if he interfered with s. ams respiratory system. first time we tried this was with what's known as 35 percent c o 2 when the body detects the intake of too much carbon dioxide it can become alarmed for during and after each breath rate how much inside you feel using this. normally people feel some anxiety. our hypothesis going into the experiment was that i would not experience fear or panic to the c

o 2. took a single vital capacity breathless who to. you finally found her kryptonite. elicited immediate fear response. she referred to it as the most intense fear she's ever felt in her entirely. it was extremely eye opening i think if you could of looked at my face that it would have been sort of the look of a deer in headlights and with that one breath signs learned that the amygdala is not the brain's only fear center this fear that your life is in danger and could end at any moment. does not require the. it's somewhere

else in the brain this is. what our research is currently trying to do is figure out where is this other pathway besides advancing for science as m. is inspiring dr justin feinstein to dream a little to dream about the evolution of human fear what's fascinating to me about s.f. is the fact that she's lived a half a century. without the make. and somehow she's managed to survive and i think that tells us something important about the evolution of species. we still live in a dangerous world threats are always going to be. but we're living in a society that has basically endowed us with all of our basic survival needs. when you don't have to live in a world of saber tooth tigers and lions attacking you. maybe that's when fear is no

longer a necessary emotion. but we're not there. to what's going on here. the house of your very own from a printer. computer games that are healing. my dog needs electricity. shift disciplines delivers facts and shows what the future holds and. living in the digital world shift. in 15 minutes on d w back. their patience is running out and their range is

growing for a life without electricity. residency a few han a sport. like millions of other people in africa they often experience how are outages the government is facing what causes them and what solution is harder. to just 77 percent. in 30 minutes on d w. we've got some hope to push for your bucket list. for some. and some great country memorials to. double trouble we go.

this is day to news live from berlin chad holds presidential elections with only one wanky winner authoritarian lay that interest that he is expected to extend his 30 year rule critics call him a desk lost while supporters say he gaza kinds to extremists we hear from our reporter in chatham also coming up the battle to replace on. the 2 rivals hoping to run for chancellor of pitching in front of germany's conservative lawmakers today our political editor tells us there's golf the best chances.