this is home massive churches with towers that pierce the clouds like skyscrapers or create a. contest of the cathedrals stars people 12th b.t.w. . this is deja news and these are our top stories prince philip husband of britain's queen elizabeth the 2nd for more than 7 decades has been laid to rest he died at the age of 99 coronavirus restrictions meant that only 30 close family members and friends attended his funeral at windsor castle. the worldwide death toll from the corona virus pandemic has topped 3000000 the worst hit country is the united states with more than half

a 1000000 deaths followed by personal to mexico next come india on the united kingdom the world health organization is warning that even nations which have so far escaped widespread outbreaks are seeing sharp rises in case numbers. in munich coach hansie flake has shocked fans by saying he wants to leave at the end of the season has enjoyed a successful 18 months at the club winning 6 trophies including the champions league in the summer there are rumors flick could take up the vacant role of german national coach. this is ditto the news from berlin that you can find more headlines on our website that's t w dot com and also on our social media channels. hello

and welcome to in good shape as always directly from berlin this is where in 19021 of the 1st persons in germany was diagnosed with hiv that's the virus which causes aids back in those days this disease was not treatable and it caused a lot of fear thanks to medical progress and doctors like me changed and improved some coral berlin the city of positive on the one hand there are a lot of people tested hiv positive and on the other hand they treat it with the highest medical standards and that's very positive but how can one lead to normal life with a potentially deadly virus and how can we protect ourselves from being infected and will we be able to defeat the virus one day i'm talking about this today with a chevy researcher hendrik rick we're meeting at the famous german museum of

technology in berlin. and you brought great news to bill and with you because it seems that there might be an examination against the well it's a little bit too early to say by that we are going to have a vaccine but there are currently 2 studies running to see a potential vaccine might work all of them have been tested in humans that they are safe and and using immune responses and this is looks like really good data at the same time they have been tested in the monkeys and in particular one of them shows in monkeys really high. which suggests or gives the hope that this might actually also work in humans. we will only know in 2021 or 2022 those results and then we will know if you're going to have a vaccine on it and if there will be a vixen affective and safe well. for clinical studies that we normally

1st test and that has been done for that vaccine we 1st test whether it's going to be safe so all these studies have been performed and all of those studies have shown that these vaccines that are currently on the development of totally safe there are minor complications sometimes like for any back seen or any action like for example some rash at the site of injections but this is totally normal so right now the vix even but there is something called print which is the pretext poser prophylaxis which can prevent hiv infection and so could you please explain the difference between those 2 well so the pre-exposure prophylaxis a pretty new development of preventing hiv infection and it's really a good and efficacious tool that we have so if it's taking daily and correctly we have to be at preventing age of the infection in over 95 percent so this is a medication it's

a chemo prophet lexus that has to be taking every day if it seen it's basically an injection that trains the immune system like a soccer team to combat the virus and comes in so it's basically training on the one inside the immune system on the other hand you're giving a medication to prevent infection thanks for now we'll continue to talk in just a moment and i'll be back. unfortunately we have to wait a little longer for an explanation against hiv and until then we have to protect ourselves against an infection in other ways in 1903 and educational pamphlet was published in the us it's titled how to have sex in an epidemic or use the word sex on international t.v. in this publication the term safer sex was used for the 1st time or say for sex this was the year of 1983 i was 12 years old by graham until today there are 3

problems reservations ignorance misinformation activists fighting for sex education by various means. the home she's majesty the king of condoms. we join him in his kingdom. in kenya africa's largest appen slab. is my kingdom does my territory it is my palace i can yeah i really did and use what you called up roach. i didn't is to engage the community to love. them. and i teach them on the whole to use expanding did still get is from the i do the most ritual soul of a god just. from the most everybody will be depending

to their need or want and many people want one. eva king of condoms started advocating for safe sex and the importance of using condoms after high school after losing a close friend to a change stanley decided that honest and open conversations about hiv with as many people as possible to draw people's attention here is this i catch him going out feet. this is very attractive and it's also make me feel proud that i'm the king and i'm able to interact with people in a very good level at a low level they feel lucky me is high level coming from the slums it's very attractive to them. in the last 2 decades hiv infections in kenya have decreased by heart organizations like l b c t health who supply the king of condoms with well condoms have helped steer these efforts however 5.6 percent of the population still carries the virus and recently

a new worrying trend has a much to. do we've noticed that now among the new infections there's an increased number among young people generally so here we're talking about age about 15 to 24 years who are at highest risk of infection in poor settlements like kibera infections among young people particularly on the right. i came to realize that these are chartered. by guinea because the same god when you ask them why why what happened they'll tell me i was i would businessman you vote for me being used doesn't bring me then to the standard windows 8 presidents month prison for. thinking of condoms and his project supply girls with green farming full of digital so that they can sell the crops even the small income helps young girls become independent and less likely to get in and save 618 year old lucky from idea is part

of the project and part of her living with a farming pad. they don't have to be a parent to those money league. small girls. i think it is so that you can get some money to buy. your food. their confidence their courage to say no i can't support myself they came of condoms moves on to continue he stay. mission to protect don't keep there i can tell why the t.v. . is an african nation i want something to put a sample of people living with who to hear enough of. the power of that simple thing called the times. needed to fix it i believe we need somebody who could now mark where haiti needs to be. when closed. in the 1980 s. in a chevy infection was basically

a death sentence especially terrible for children who were infected by their mothers during birth today things are different the virus can be kept in check with specific medications and the ones deadly disease aids cannot break out those who are treated with those drugs in time. have practically a normal life expectancy many people have been living with a virus for years some of them since birth. the fact that she had been bold knows even walking along here today is not something she takes for granted she's coming up for her 35th birthday and no one neither her family nor her doctors told that she would live this long. and therefore someone going way beyond the life expectancy they predicted for me were told that i would only live to the age of 4 and a half so every year is one more year that i not only survived but also experienced so i don't really. shoot in is thought to be the person who's lived with hiv the

longest in all of europe her parents were both drug addicts and hiv positive she contract a different birth her parents both died and she was raised by her grandmother her life revolved around doctors' appointments and heavy medication. in the small towns sharon grew up and she was ostracized not even accepted into kindergarten she was very lonely. my grandmother tried to compensate for all of the loneliness i felt there were a lot of experiences that i missed out on the experiences you get from being in a group. it's still like that today and of course i also don't have that special friend from childhood who knows you better than anyone. hiv is part of our daily life even so she even managed to finish school and train as a medical technical assistant. sharon has been treated for the past 15 years by

christophe stefan a senior physician at frankfurt university hospital he conducts research in the field of medicine and says great progress has been made. so it's a target these days we have very many different therapies and quite a few single tablet therapies available that that means a combination therapy mixed into one pill so the patient takes one pill. nowadays sharon also only takes one tablet a day. in the past she had to take up to 40 over the years she didn't on her doctor have developed a good relationship and even hold educational events together at the university aimed specifically at young people. in the shooting that's shy i thought it was really brave of sharing to be so vocal and open to give advice and to talk about her personal experience and what it's like often in. front of me on twitter it was

interesting hearing things from her point of view really impressive and. even in the most difficult times she had never lost heart she continued to set yourself new goals such as participating in the birth. it's here and i'm now 34 and i'm now slowly understand who i am and feel more at peace with myself and of course nowadays the illness doesn't play the same role as it used to i'm ill longer struggling to survive each day. these days she has one main goal to simply enjoy life to its fullest. the united nations originally wanted to get rid of aids by the year 2020 and they failed so they got a new decline right now at 2030 so what is slowing us down and the fight against aids well the fight against aids is basically the treatment of all individuals that are on. the positive the problem with this is you need to have therapies so

you need to have funding to actually treat everybody with in fact that at the same time you also have to test everyone who are might be a chevy infected and because of stigma and discrimination people do not like to get tested hiv so you have basically 2 problems on the one side a lack of funding to treat everyone and the on the other hand like stick man describing. nation that prevents individuals from being tested unlike in western europe or in the united states and africa each of us may be transmitted by hatred sex rule transmission so what must be done to reduce numbers. so this test and treat is actually a very powerful tool of what we have so because we know that individuals that are positive end up being treated the against. first of all they have an almost normal

life expectancy then individual the hiv negative but more importantly they cannot transmit hiv to another person this treatment as prevention or abbreviated is really powerful and that's a message that needs to go to out there because people should get tested and treated because they have a longer life expectancy and they cannot transmit hiv to another person there's still a lot of misinformation in this role and. so what are the biggest obstacles holding us back in the treatment i think one of the biggest obstacles to people are afraid of getting tested against h o b. there's so much fear and stigma and discrimination surrounding age would be that individuals would rather like to die of aids than actually being tested but knowing that the person is not infectious that undetectable virus means that the virus cannot be transmissible undetectable equals and transmissible

is so powerful this is the message that needs to get out and condoms a very see very effective very cheap why do we need something like a prep the pre-exposure prophylaxis anyway well condoms are just not for everyone some people do not want to take quantum's as they have problems with their direction taking a condom but at the same time for example woman may not be. they are or their partner to that he is taking a quantum so these are all factors in individual might want to have another prevention methods and for those individuals the pre-exposure prophylaxis as an individual lies chemotherapy against hiv infection is a really powerful to think so much of this talk right now you continue talking just a moment unprotected sex is the most common way for the virus to be transmitted from person to person for a long time there were only 2 ways to protect yourself from being infected

abstinence. and condoms but today there is prep the pre exposure prophylaxis dr streak just explained how it works prep is made to help reduce the virus will delight. new york for such itself the goal of drastically reducing the number of fresh hiv infections on truvada tablets have proven to be an effective. damon jacobs has been taking to vote every morning for 3 years the medication protects him against h. i.v. infection the tablets have been available in the us as an aids prophylactic since 2012 and they're covered by health insurance studies say it offers 99 percent immunity against h i be. put away with using when i was using condoms it always felt like a status was dependent on somebody else it is

a really important part of my daily routine starting the day thinking like i'm in control i have agency i'm not going to be hiv positive today. truvada was originally developed to treat hiv infections if the medication is taken as a preventive measure it's known as prep short for pre-exposure prophylaxis. this part of new york sandy aid strategy it's been responsible for a complete reversal in the number of new infections. how it grossman is a doctor and activist who also takes prep if everybody who is at risk of infection goes on perhaps and everybody who is a tiny positive gets treatment and access to treatment and effective treatment then in one generation this epidemic ends without a back see without a cure without anything else and this is the 1st time that we've ever been able to

say that. as a prep user daemon jacobs us to have a blood test every 3 months the medication has no side effects for most people but those with kidney disorders or osteoporosis aren't allowed to take it since prep was introduced in 2012 the number of users has risen by 500 percent and infection rates are falling damon jacobs has set up a website to publicize truvada more widely. i spoke to a friend of mine about prep and he was like i wish you would have told me that i'm already positive that broke my heart so that is when i started a facebook group devoted to prep. there's also some drastically needed change afoot in new york's bronx district n.h.i. the hot spot homosexuality is still a to blue subject amongst many communities certain health centers offer anonymous a hiv tests like nonprofit organization to health hiv primarily infects young

people aged 13 to 21 health targets it's a message to high risk groups like homeless people sex workers drug addicts and the partners of people with hiv it's workshops teach these young people about h i v prophylaxis. i think one of the biggest stigma is about. the people have is that it's marketed to kids like the gauger out but it's something they can use for everyone. you know sexual. boom helps young clients talk about why people don't use condoms they like going to parties have fun and those situations happen don't we know about some people who they like through the sensation. or say somebody and they do feel ok because. he doesn't want to. do it. proponents claim that people who don't use condoms wouldn't take the tablet

consistently either room health says that's just prejudice it's people like you who continue to create stigma and the fact that people can't always come out because of their sexual identity or come out to their families about wanting to take a medication such as prep it's the fear that your standing in. the latest studies do indeed show that people take prep reliably even though no more than 25 percent of young people in the u.s. use condoms. instead of trying to force people. do something they're not going to do and shame them in that process what prep allows us to do is to meet people where their. us aids activists fought for a long time to get prepped licensed on market their commitment to save countless people from an h.i.v. infection. in many countries the situation for the patients is very depressing there's hardly any counseling and not enough medication

and those who are affected stigmatized and criminalized like in russia where the disease is has stopped and those who stand up for their rights can get into trouble the situation is especially dramatic for infected children. the day begins at 7 am at the children's home in the russian city of chelyabinsk. everyone knows what to do. the same the same dosage and even. 14 poison girls between the ages of 4 and 17 live here the ones who are hiv positive called. the ones who were negative me go seeking. a few.

years ago the hiv positive kids lived in a separate area. the safe is how coverings you could wipe down there were no carpets. the dishes were soaked in basin was full of disinfectant though. it was very difficult to create a welcoming environment for these children. it took 6 years before almost off came to accept and respect them. much. these days. and there is play and live together in this unique children's home. they're all growing up without pads. they know that they're not at risk of being infected by the hiv positive kids even if one of them has an injury. the youngest always supervised by a caregiver. the older ones know that the hiv virus is fragile and

immediately dies when it comes into contact with their human. my friend sleeps in my room. hiv positive one day before i knew about it he said i have to tell you something hiv positive. at 1st i was scared but then he explained how you get infected since then everything has been fine i treat him just like anybody else. a 3rd of the have hiv positive parents many of whom are alcoholics or drug addicts and no longer have custody of their children some of them aren't even aware that their children are here. the kids are well cared for and in a safe place they learn early on how to live responsibly and calmly with their infection they cope better than some adults. about

the one time my little ones were to summer camp on the 1st evening while they were having a bath the come direct to put his head around the door hesitantly and peered at the children might have for years or 2 had. on another occasion a colleague asked me you know you know what should i do they fall to support you with hiv i said lock him in the cellar she was confused what do you think i said just let him play with the other group. in the evening the children follow the same familiar routine as always the same meds the same dosage and day out. quite a few of the kids here have learning disabilities because of that mother's substance abuse before during pregnancy. that will make life even tougher for them compounded in the social stigma that can still attached to those who are hiv positive. all the more important for them to be able to

grow up with people who accept them as they are and give them the cat they need. it's most of the case when somebody is in fixed it there are currently drugs that keep the virus in check how effective are those drugs so those. extreme the effective so most of them do not make any side effects or individuals can have a completely normal life on top of that is that when you are getting treated very early in infection and take your polls regularly every day you will have a normal life expectancy like an individual who has been negative so you cannot in fact another person anymore and you have a normal life expectancy but why scientists is research is trying to develop a new kind of medication if the current medications working so well well one problem with the current made. cation is that you have to take

a pill every day until the end of your life so people are constantly reminded of being age should be a positive the new development is to try to have like for example an injection every $6.00 to $8.00 weeks that is sufficient to treat hiv infection and even in the future of your thinking about having a poll that you only have to take once a month or even half an implant in your eye that is sufficient to treat a should be infection and that needs to be exchanged once a year thank you so much for this interesting talks. that's it for today i'm looking forward to seeing you next week i'm out.

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